】 【Latin scientific name: cervus axis 【English name】: erxleben 【Category】: Mammalia, Artiodactyla 】 【Body length: 0.75 ~ 2.90 m 】 【Shoulder height: 0.3 ~ 2.20 m 【Weight】: 9 ~ 800 kg 【Form】: Deer are hoofed the purpose of a Division, a total of 16 genera and about 52 species, most species generally have the following characteristics: long and thin limbs, short tail, the body of the male, than female. Males are usually angular, and some types of male and female have horns, or have no angle. 【Coat color】: Most species darker coat color, from black, brown, yellow, dark red to yellow range. However, the individual reindeer will appear white. 】 【Life: ranging from 8 to 45 years 】 【Protection level: the national level to protect animals, deer Differences 【populations: Deer a wide range of shapes and sizes, a total of 16 genera and about 52 species, from the largest to the smallest of the mouse deer moose between the variety. 】 【Distribution: a wide variety of deer, a total of about 16 genera and 52 species are distributed all over the world except Antarctica. 】 【Species status: Most common types of places, a few species are endangered species. One deer is a national level to protect animals. 】 【Habits: In addition to most types of social life outside the Moose. 【Living environment: mountains, grasslands, forests are distributed. 】 【Types of food: leaves, grass, fruit, seeds, lichen, moss, shrubs, flowers, weeds, bark, twigs, saplings. 】 【Physiological characteristics: general 3 to 4 months in spring mating, pregnancy and 4 to 10 months, 1 to 3 cubs per litter. 2 to 3 years of maturity. 】 【Economic value: All types of meat to eat, the skin can be leather. Sika deer is a deer 1 species of the genus. Because the body has some obvious spot on both sides of the spine and lateral line arranged in the lower edge of the name. Also known as Hua Lu. Sika deer subspecies for 7, China 5 subspecies. Bare the fractured nose and was like; Bucks angular, about April each year off the plate a long dried, the angle of the general to the four branches of a tree until the next stretch eyebrow oblique branches of a tree, 2 branches of a tree with branches of a tree far away from brow; winter hair color is chestnut brown, white spots are not significant, the lower end of white chest hair light brown; summer, reddish-brown hair, and some is dark grayish brown, back is black where the center line, and some black thin line to the rear, the upper end of the black the lower part white. Distributed in south-east Siberia, Japan, China's northeast, north, southeast and Taiwan. Today the number of wild deer are very rare; China as a class protected animals. Habitat in the forest, mountain grassland and forest edges, generally do not enter the jungle. More in winter, low-lying lee sunny, spring and small trees in the open area activities. Xia Jixi shade, mostly in shady places open to take the air, sometimes in order to avoid mosquito bites and also to the alpine grasslands activities. Of alert, when twilight clustering. Mainly grass, buds, leaves, Adenophora as the food. 8 November each year mating, pregnancy and 7 to 8 months, 4 to 6 months to calving peak, 1 to 2 per child, Aberdeen. List of the world's remaining deer: (Chinese name, English name, Latin literature the name of author) Purdue deer southern pudu pudu pudu (molina) Reindeer reindeer, caribou rangifer tarandus (linnaeus) Moose moose, elk, alaskan moose alces alces (linneaus) South Ze deer marsh deerblastocerus dichotomus (illiger) Peru Marvell moose peruvian guemal, huemulhippocamelus antisensis (d'orbigny) Chile Lima moose chilean guemal hippocamelus bisulcus (molina) Mexico deer red brocket mazama americana (erxleben) Deer mazama bricenii Brandt Dwarf Mexican deer dwarf brocketmazama chunyi (hershkovitz) Mexican brown deer brown brocketmazama gouazoubira (g.fischer) Japanese deer mazama nana Mexico Little Mexico deer little red brocket mazama rufina (bourcier et pucheran) Black-tailed deer mule deer, black-tailed deerodocoileus hemionus (rafinesque) Wikimedia Virginia deer white-tailed deerodocoileus virginianus (zimmermann) Prairie deer pampas deerozotoceros bezoarticus (linnaeus) North Purdue deer northern pudupudu mephistophiles (de winton) Dolphin deer hog deeraxis porcinus White-lipped deer, white-lipped deercervus albirostrisprzewalski A's deer cervus alfredi Marsh deer, swamp deer, barasingha cervus duvauceliig.cuvier Red Deer red deer, macneilly's deer, north american wapiticervus elaphus linnaeus Eld's deer, Ze Lu thamin, eld's deer cervus eldi m'clelland Sika sika deercervus nippontemminck Su's deer schomburgk's deer cervus schomburgkiblyth Mane deer timor deer, rusa deercervus timorensisblainville Deer, black deer, sambar deer cervus unicolor (kerr) Fen deer, fallow deer cervus dama linnaeus Mesopotamian deer mesopotamian fallow deerdama mesopotamica Elk, grotesque milu (pere david's deer) elaphurus davidianus (milne-edwards) Tufted deer tufted deer elaphodus cephalophus milne-edwards Water mouse deer water chevrotainhyemoschus aquaticus (ogilby) spot mouse deer tragulus meminna (erxleben) Mouse deer lesser malay chevrotain tragulus javanicus (osbeck) Great mouse deer greater malay chevrotain tragulus napu (f.cuvier) Giraffe giraffe giraffa camelopardalis (linnaeus) Hua Lu spotted deer, chital, axis deercervus axis erxleben Kashima Hualu calamanian deer, calamanian hog deer axis calamianensis Ba Island Hualu bawean hog deer, kuhl's hog deer axis kuhlii Of the existing deer】 【 For example: musk deer (moschus moschiferus), smaller, weighing about 10 kg. Male and female are hornless. Canine-like tusks on males, highlighting the outside. Hind legs longer than the forelimbs. With the gallbladder. Male musk deer have glands secrete a strong smell of musk, is extremely rare herbal medicine and senior spices. Yield and quality of musk ranked first in the world. Deer in the classification has been argued to be a single independent Division. Muntjac (muntiacus muntjak), is a common medium-sized deer in southern China. Fine tough suede, leather apparel and leather good for precision materials for China's traditional export commodities. Sika deer (cervus nippon), red-brown hair in summer, a significant white spots, winter hair brown, white spots are not significant. White with clear hips. There are four male fork angle. Infraorbital gland developed. In our history, there had been widespread, but exists only in a few areas of Anhui and Sichuan, the most north. In many parts of China have established Yanglu Chang, artificial breeding, as the main source of excised velvet. Deer, deer blood, deer and deer offal and so is a valuable medicine. Red deer (cervus elaphus), is a large deer, weighing up to 200 kilograms, velvet is also a rare medicinal herbs, quality second only to deer, but the higher yield. Deer are widely distributed in every continent, except Oceania, Antarctica and outside Africa. Australia has 6 deer introduced in the 19th century, they are: Fen deer, red deer, deer, dolphin deer, black deer, and Hua Lu Timor. However, due to environmental constraints, only a limited range of distribution. Usually only male deer with horns, reindeer is the only male deer and doe are horned deer, but doe horns are much smaller. In each winter, the male deer's angle will be off to the spring to grow new angle, then covered by a layer of skin antlers will be called the velvet. When the antlers forming, the velvet will fall off. Female reindeer horn is shed in the spring. In addition, both male musk deer and deer or female, have no horns, they use long fangs to defend themselves. Both public and muntjac have fangs angle, while the female muntjac neither fangs nor angle. Snow is one of the greatest enemies of the deer. If the snow is not too great, then to nothing of. But when the snow becomes very thick, they are hard to find food, because the snow regard the food covered. In addition, although the deer run very fast, but because some deer can weigh 300 kilograms, when they run, they will fall into the snow, slow down their speed. Only 50 kg of wolves would be easy to catch them. Unlike most animals, deer have no fixed home. The deer, the so-called home is the site. Night they slept in the bush. In winter, when the deer when the site is covered with thick snow, they will find a relatively shallow snow sites. While many deer have chosen the site, they will sub-sites. In general, deer are mammals in the most valuable species. Its value is multifaceted. Since ancient times, by the emperor, the nobility to the common people, both Chinese and foreign, are taking the "deer hunting" as a sport of both, sociability, entertainment, and the importance of practical activities. In ancient notes, "deer hunting" always plays an important role. Liu Yi _set_ with one of Confucius, "radio" also and "shoot deer" relevant. Hunting in Ancient China, primarily elk, that Sibu Xiang, to the Qing Dynasty Emperor Kangxi and Qianlong red deer and moose when. The general said, the deer is mainly focused on economic value. Deer body is a treasure, antler, Deer, deer, Luk Mei, Lu Jin, venison, deer breast, etc., all are herbs or supplements, there are several other deer fur, can be prepared for advanced clothing or leather. Reindeer more extensive uses, such as pulling sleds, pack things, milking, and so on. There are moose and deer in recent years a tendency of livestock. It is the economic value of deer from the dry so high, so many people come to hunt. Deer as a wild animal, almost two thousand years ago in a fight with no way out. Since the best quality deer velvet, so have a few decades ago, Shanxi, Hebei, two subspecies of the wild species must play, the other south China, northeast China, Taiwan, three subspecies are running low. Other deer species have a similar situation. While most of the country now has the list of protected animals include deer species, but in the wild has not been strictly protected. Some rare species, such as Hainan Eld's deer, sika deer in southern China, Xishuangbanna dolphin deer, still in the edge of endangered, it is worth serious attention. China is the country with the largest species of deer production. Deer family of animals belonging to the world total of 17 genera, 38 species, including 10 genera and 18 species in China have produced or are still produced. This means that the deer made in China, accounting for more than half of the world's deer of the genus, accounting for nearly half the world's deer species. By contrast, land of the former Soviet Union than in China more than 1 times, but only 5 genera, 6 species; the United States and Canada and China, the same size area, the only 4 genera, 5 species; India is certainly not the size of China, India birds species known for the "most abundant" known, but only 4 deer is a deer species of eight, is still far less than our country. Should be noted that the four countries, no one is a unique or endemic species of deer, but deer in domestic animals, at least one of an elk is endemic, there are elk, white-lipped deer, gross yellow deer, small yellow muntjac deer, etc. or further Shanglin forty-five kinds is endemic. There are also black muntjac (tufted deer) and muntjac River (river deer) 2 genera and 2 species, in addition to the production of Myanmar and North Korea, few, both widely distributed in China, the number of great, so basically can be considered a specialty of our animals . 70 years from the last century to the beginning of this century, this two or three decades, the elk happened is tragic. As was the world's only population of sub-populations of the South China Sea Beijing Nanyuan, suffered a blow with the catastrophe. 1894 Yongding River burst, flooding broke through the wall of The Chase, escaped elk and other animals, were the victims shall we eat a lot. Then in 1900, the Boxer Rebellion invaded Beijing and Chase were killed in the herd all of light. It is said that left the next pair, kept in a palace, the subsequent transfer "million livestock Park", also died. So far, the Chinese specialty animal Sibu Xiang, completely extinct in the country. Then the rest of Europe, each zoo has 18 elk. Britain has a Duke of Bedford, vegetarian fed animals, love, and he cost a fortune, these 18 all buy, and raised in his estate. Elk breeding success in it. The results could have been a specialty of the Chinese animals, China has one is not, and the Chinese people want to look at it, do not get to see foreign countries. Can see that is an animal, its fate is closely linked with the vicissitudes of the country. In addition to elk is a genuine Sibu Xiang, the country folk also several other animals, also called "Sibu Xiang." Let's call them "false Sibu Xiang." This includes the keeper of the reindeer Daxing'anling Ewenki; Daxing'anling southern moose, also known as elk; southern Hunan, the black deer, or deer production; Anhui Huangshan Mountain antelope along the middle of Sumatra, also known as serow. Perhaps there are others. Not studied animal taxonomy of people, tend to form more strange animal called Sibu Xiang, this is a misunderstanding. Reindeer in so many "fake Sibu Xiang," which, most likely the introduction of reindeer misunderstanding, because people call it, not only in Sibu Xiang Daxinganling origin, and many kinds of ancient books, such as "clear Wenhui Book", "Heilongjiang Geki" "exotic record," "Cao Ting Qiu Diary," are very broad pass it a long time, making people believe it is true Sibu Xiang. I remember the spring of 1950 the park opened in Beijing Zoo on the occasion again, newspapers and animals that board has a "Sibu Xiang," one, people excitedly ran to look, but it was reindeer. Reindeer and moose differences in appearance, so even a layman it is not difficult to see. Elk is the longest tail deer, reindeer's tail extremely short. Elk horn like no eyebrows pitchfork, the branches of a tree are _set_ back, there is a very complex reindeer forward growth of the bifurcation angle, and it is the only male and female are horned deer species. Fur on the body, there are many differences. The only similarities between the two is broad hooves flat, wide spacing, hanging shoe developed. This is because the elk had to live in swamps and wetlands, and reindeer are the long-term activities in the ice and snow, both of which require this type of hoof. China has no real wild reindeer. Evenki reindeer tribe fed by an estimated 1,000 existing long, I do not know where the original come from. Siberia and Northern Europe they support the minority of reindeer, basically the same habits, are in a quasi-raising, semi-wild state. Most of the day went to the mountains and allowed to forage freely wandering back to the village at night. If necessary, put it put on drag sled, pack things, squeeze deer milk, or even killed skinned, flesh, oil refining. Minorities need to boreal caribou, just over the Tibetan Plateau yak people need the same. Moose moose situation is different. It is a real wild animals. Its distribution area to the north do not like the reindeer, as in China can be distributed to the size of the forty seven degrees north latitude Mountains area. "Dictionary of Zoology" give it a name called "elk." This is more likely to make the "elk" confused. In a population of Daxinganling called "Sibu Xiang," but no one in this Xiaoxing'anling called. It seems call "moose" is the most affordable, as it was tall, such as camels, four legs and a little bit like a camel, shoulder especially tall, somewhat similar to the hump. More moose live in sub-arctic lake in the forest areas, do not love eating grass, leaves and bark like to eat tender spring, summer and autumn, often soaked in water, intake water plants and lotus, lotus stems, winter feeding a variety of moss in the snow. Small collection of groups. Stag usually prefer to live alone, but the lack of food in the winter when there who had mixed feeding cattle in the case. Aershan cows in Inner Mongolia, had been caught with two moose, which was sent to a female of the Beijing Zoo exhibition. Moose and reindeer are also velvet, on the size and weight is much greater than the plum velvet, but said the quality of time, medicinal efficacy is low. The reason is unclear. Moose so great, naturally very considerable amount of meat, but taste like, not many people seem to praise. But is said to taste the famous ancient "eight treasures" one of the "monkey lips", is that it was sagging nasolabial fat. Moose in a foreign country is one of the most important hunting animals. People hunting it, is its horns in order to make souvenirs. In our country, hunting and other ethnic minorities Oroqen it is to eat meat to take skin. Now, it belongs to the country's second class protected animals. As for the elk and reindeer, because no wild species, so are not included in the ranks of the national protected animals. Black deer in southern Hunan, water, mountains, there is a "false Sibu Xiang" is the black deer. Hunan and Guangdong, across the border to the mountains of northern Guangdong, people call it deer. In Sichuan origin, its name is black deer. To Yunnan, people called it red deer. I heard people on Hainan Island, also called buffalo, deer. In short, in addition to call Sibu Xiang Hunan, all admit that it is all over the deer. This is a tropical and subtropical species of deer, the south has been distributed to Malaysia, Sumatra, the most northern areas in the north-west China's Sichuan and Qinghai in the southern area. The island of Taiwan has a sub-species. Other rare species of deer has been mentioned earlier, in the middle of the 18 species of deer, there are four or five are endemic to China. With the exception of elk famous, there are two very famous, that is, gross yellow white-lipped deer and muntjac. In addition, there are several, although not endemic to China, but rare indeed, such as Hainan Eld's deer, white deer Changdu Prefecture, Xinjiang, Tibet, the life of the western Tianshan Mountains, deer and red deer and so on. In addition to white-lipped deer early 70s, Sri Lanka, China sent a pair of (existing one) and the early 80s gave Nepal an external, other countries have not seen this Chinese specialty deer. It is only the origin of the Tibetan Plateau, including most parts of Tibet and Qinghai, Gansu, central and south-east, west and north Sichuan. It is a high mountain animals, usually living in the mountains above the altitude of four kilometers, even in summer can rise to 5000 meters, activity in the alpine shrub or alpine meadow area. Dense body with thick hair, defying the cold wind and snow, mountain grass and shrubs to feed on tender leaves, it is very stubborn resistance to bitter deer species. The main features of white-lipped deer, as its name implies, is to have a pure white lower lip, white throat and continued into the two ends of the upper and kiss, kiss it can also be called the white deer. In Gansu, Qinghai and other places, the common name is called yellow deer or deer grass. White-lipped deer hair brown in summer, with the local common name is called the green deer red deer were significantly different. The two deer antlers are also significant differences. Horse brow antlers and sub-branches of a tree branches of a tree in close proximity, antlers are far away from the white lips, and sub-branches of a tree particularly long, flat side of the main branch slightly. These are not difficult to discern. White-lipped deer and red deer in the areas overlapping areas such as Sichuan and Gansu Qilian Mountains in northwest, have found that white-lipped deer and red deer have a natural hybrid, and produce progeny situation. In recent years, Qinghai, Gansu, Sichuan, there are several Yanglu Chang begin to train white-lipped deer, of which the Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Qinghai Yang Luchang government raised more than most counties, hundreds of heads. According to statistics, the field from 1958 to 1979, caught a total of 710 juvenile white-lipped deer, domestication and 363 survived, the survival rate was 51.13%. In addition, there are scattered groups and individuals reared. It is reported that grazing has been breeding can be implemented, not only can reduce feed costs, save labor, but also to change its wild habits, increase rate of reproduction. The list of protected animals in the country, only 3 species of deer the first category, that is, white-lipped deer, sika deer and Hainan Eld's deer. Sika deer, rare animals in general can not be considered rare, because the deer is not only in the park, the zoo is easy to see, and Yang Luchang in the country there are many breeders in large numbers. But you can still leave it to the ranks of rare animals. First of all, said "Jane." The variety of deer antler velvet is the most expensive in medicine is called "Yellow Velvet." In addition, deerskin, venison, deer, Luk Mei, Lu Jin, and so on, also have higher value. So it is a precious animal. Followed by "thin." Domesticated deer are numerous, but the wild is particularly scarce, not only Mountain West Hebei subspecies and extinct species of the wild for many years already, even before the most widely distributed, the largest number of Chinese in South Asia the number of species and many former species in Northeast Asia, are now depleted, and the future in jeopardy. As for Taiwan subspecies of the wild still have any, it is a problem, perhaps only to the zoo can find some. Fortunately, in the mid 60s and early 70s, has also the most northern part of Sichuan and southern Gansu Ruoergai near the Sichuan border Diebu, discovered a new subspecies of the deer, the number is estimated that about two hundred. They are often active in mixed forest edge or grassland, sometimes with cattle grazing in a meadow, sometimes with Su Ling, the black muntjac with rest. Has a zoo anywhere in the world has not exhibited this new subspecies, and therefore can be considered one of the world's most rare animals. The residual protection of wild deer should be treated as a priority. Pengze County, Jiangxi Province Jiangxi Province is the only production Taohongling where deer, it is estimated there are 100 still remained about the South Asian species of China, and now this place has been designated as deer nature reserve. Sika deer subspecies are numerous, not very different in shape, but the size of coat color depth in the individual, the number and size of spots, the dorsal midline extent of the length and obviously so, there are different degrees of difference. The smallest species of Taiwan and Asia, only eight ninety centimeters tall at the shoulder; Northeast Asia, the largest species, can be over 110 cm tall at the shoulder, weighing over 120 kg. Eld's deer, "Eld" is the common name on Hainan Island, the taxonomic name is Ai's deer, deer, also known as bifurcation eyebrow. There are three or four sub-species. The only place of origin in China Hainan Island. Is there not a single deer, a subspecies, since there are differences of opinion. Eld's deer similar size and belong to medium-sized deer. Shoulder in the 105-110 cm high, weighing between 60 and 100 kilograms, who is also white, the back has a black center line. Its main feature is the angular special, different from other kinds of deer, sika deer as well. Eld's Deer Point has a large and curved eyebrows pitchfork, and the following series of curved main branch to form a large angle of the arc. Regardless of the primary school the following branches of a tree, it seems as if no time pitchfork, the three branches of a tree, the location is actually forking high, long top came to the main branch. As eyebrow pitchfork developed, so most of the works of foreign branches of a tree called eyebrow deer. Before liberation, the Eld's deer in the relatively wide distribution of Hainan Island, it seems that in addition to the north outside the island at least 9 or 10 mountain counties, there are a considerable number of Eld's deer survival. It is estimated that there are more than 300 in the liberation only. Because excessive hunting, to 1979, the island is only the East County and Baisha County, to help field the second river, the remnants, but more than 30 only. After the recent years of strong advocacy and protection, the situation has significantly improved. Between May 1983 survey shows that the total number of East County has increased to 80 or more. Living in the East County, the protected areas field rare animal forage, only after a year of labor protection, had grown accustomed to with people close, and some approached the rest of villages, and some of the past, cars, carts not escape . Conservation International has now branched eyebrow deer, including the Hainan Eld's deer subspecies, including all the first level are classified as endangered animals, want to give the most stringent protection.
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No. 2
】 【Latin scientific name: Cervus axis 【English name】: Erxleben 【Category】: Mammalia, Artiodactyla 】 【Body length: 0.75 ~ 2.90 m 】 【Shoulder height: 0.3 ~ 2.20 m 【Weight】: 9 ~ 800 kg 【Form】: Deer are hoofed the purpose of a Division, a total of 16 genera and about 52 species, most species generally have the following characteristics: long and thin limbs, short tail, the body of the male, than female. Males are usually angular, and some types of male and female have horns, or have no angle. 【Coat color】: Most species darker coat color, from black, brown, yellow, dark red to yellow range. However, the individual reindeer will appear white. 】 【Life: ranging from 8 to 45 years 】 【Protection level: the national level to protect animals, deer Differences 【populations: Deer a wide range of shapes and sizes, a total of 16 genera and about 52 species, from the largest to the smallest of the mouse deer moose between the variety. 】 【Distribution: a wide variety of deer, a total of about 16 genera and 52 species are distributed all over the world except Antarctica. 】 【Species status: Most common types of places, a few species are endangered species. One deer is a national level to protect animals. 】 【Habits: In addition to most types of social life outside the Moose. 【Living environment: mountains, grasslands, forests are distributed. 】 【Types of food: leaves, grass, fruit, seeds, lichen, moss, shrubs, flowers, weeds, bark, twigs, saplings. 】 【Physiological characteristics: general 3 to 4 months in spring mating, pregnancy and 4 to 10 months, 1 to 3 cubs per litter. 2 to 3 years of maturity. 】 【Economic value: All types of meat to eat, the skin can be leather. Sika deer is a deer 1 species of the genus. Because the body has some obvious spot on both sides of the spine and lateral line arranged in the lower edge of the name. Also known as Hua Lu. Sika deer subspecies for 7, China 5 subspecies. Bare the fractured nose and was like; Bucks angular, about April each year off the plate a long dried, the angle of the general to the four branches of a tree until the next stretch eyebrow oblique branches of a tree, 2 branches of a tree with branches of a tree far away from brow; winter hair color is chestnut brown, white spots are not significant, the lower end of white chest hair light brown; summer, reddish-brown hair, and some is dark grayish brown, back is black where the center line, and some black thin line to the rear, the upper end of the black the lower part white. Distributed in south-east Siberia, Japan, China's northeast, north, southeast and Taiwan. The number of wild deer are very rare today; China as a class protected animals. Habitat in the forest, mountain grassland and forest edges, generally do not enter the jungle. More in winter, low-lying lee sunny, spring and small trees in the open area activities. Xia Jixi shade, mostly in shady places open to take the air, sometimes in order to avoid mosquito bites and also to the alpine grasslands activities. Of alert, when twilight clustering. Mainly grass, buds, leaves, Adenophora as the food. 8 November each year mating, pregnancy and 7 to 8 months, 4 to 6 months to calving peak, 1 to 2 per child, Aberdeen. List of the world's remaining deer: (Chinese name, English name, Latin literature the name of author) Purdue deer Southern pudu Pudu pudu (Molina) Reindeer Reindeer, Caribou Rangifer tarandus (Linnaeus) Moose Moose, Elk, Alaskan moose Alces alces (Linneaus) South Ze Lu Marsh deer Blastocerus dichotomus (Illiger) Peru Marvell moose Peruvian guemal, Huemul Hippocamelus antisensis (d'Orbigny) Chile Lima moose Chilean guemal Hippocamelus bisulcus (Molina) Mexico Deer Red brocket Mazama americana (Erxleben) Brandt deer Mazama bricenii Dwarf Mexican deer Dwarf brocket Mazama chunyi (Hershkovitz) Mexican Brown Deer Brown brocket Mazama gouazoubira (G. Fischer) Japanese deer Mazama nana Mexico Little Mexico Deer Little red brocket Mazama rufina (Bourcier et Pucheran) Black-tailed deer Mule deer, Black-tailed deer Odocoileus hemionus (Rafinesque) Wikimedia Virginia Deer White-tailed deer Odocoileus virginianus (Zimmermann) Prairie deer Pampas deer Ozotoceros bezoarticus (Linnaeus) Purdue North Deer Northern pudu Pudu mephistophiles (De Winton) Dolphin deer Hog deer Axis porcinus White-lipped deer, White-lipped deer Cervus albirostris Przewalski A's deer Cervus alfredi Marsh deer, Swamp deer, Barasingha Cervus duvaucelii G. Cuvier Red Deer Red deer, Macneilly's deer, North American wapiti Cervus elaphus Linnaeus Eld's deer, Ze Lu Thamin, Eld's deer Cervus eldi M'Clelland Sika Sika deer Cervus nippon Temminck Su's Deer Schomburgk's deer Cervus schomburgki Blyth Mane deer Timor deer, Rusa deer Cervus timorensis Blainville Deer, black deer, Sambar deer Cervus unicolor (Kerr) Fallow deer Fallow deer Cervus dama Linnaeus Mesopotamia, Mesopotamian fallow deer Dama mesopotamica deer Elk, grotesque Milu (Pere David's deer) Elaphurus davidianus (Milne-Edwards) Tufted deer Tufted deer Elaphodus cephalophus Milne-Edwards Water mouse deer Water chevrotain Hyemoschus aquaticus (Ogilby) spot mouse deer Tragulus meminna (Erxleben) Mouse deer Lesser Malay chevrotain Tragulus javanicus (Osbeck) Great mouse deer Greater Malay chevrotain Tragulus napu (F. Cuvier) Giraffe Giraffe Giraffa camelopardalis (Linnaeus) Hua Lu Spotted deer, Chital, Axis deer Cervus axis Erxleben Kashima Hualu Calamanian deer, Calamanian hog deer Axis calamianensis Ba Island Hualu Bawean hog deer, Kuhl's hog deer Axis kuhlii Of the existing deer】 【 For example: musk deer (Moschus moschiferus), smaller, weighing about 10 kg. Male and female are hornless. Canine-like tusks on males, highlighting the outside. Hind legs longer than the forelimbs. With the gallbladder. Male musk deer have glands secrete a strong smell of musk, is extremely rare herbal medicine and senior spices. Yield and quality of musk ranked first in the world. Deer in the classification has been argued to be a single independent Division. Muntjac (Muntiacus muntjak), is a common medium-sized deer in southern China. Fine tough suede, leather apparel and leather good for precision materials for China's traditional export commodities. Sika deer (Cervus nippon), red-brown hair in summer, a significant white spots, winter hair brown, white spots are not significant. White with clear hips. There are four male fork angle. Infraorbital gland developed. In our history, there had been widespread, but exists only in a few areas of Anhui and Sichuan, the most north. In many parts of China have established Yanglu Chang, artificial breeding, as the main source of excised velvet. Deer, deer blood, deer and deer offal and so is a valuable medicine. Red deer (Cervus elaphus), is a large deer, weighing up to 200 kilograms, velvet is also a rare medicinal herbs, quality second only to deer, but the higher yield. Deer are widely distributed in every continent, except Oceania, Antarctica and outside Africa. Australia has 6 deer introduced in the 19th century, they are: fallow deer, red deer, deer, dolphin deer, black deer, and Hua Lu Timor. However, due to environmental constraints, only a limited range of distribution. Usually only male deer with horns, reindeer is the only male deer and doe are horned deer, but doe horns are much smaller. In each winter, the male deer's angle will be off to the spring to grow new angle, then covered by a layer of skin antlers will be called the velvet. When the antlers forming, the velvet will fall off. Female reindeer horn is shed in the spring. In addition, both male musk deer and deer or female, have no horns, they use long fangs to defend themselves. Both public and muntjac have fangs angle, while the female muntjac neither fangs nor angle. Snow is one of the greatest enemies of the deer. If the snow is not too great, then to nothing of. But when the snow becomes very thick, they are hard to find food, because the snow regard the food covered. In addition, although the deer run very fast, but because some deer can weigh 300 kilograms, when they run, they will fall into the snow, slow down their speed. Only 50 kg of wolves would be easy to catch them. Unlike most animals, deer have no fixed home. The deer, the so-called home is the site. Night they slept in the bush. In winter, when the deer when the site is covered with thick snow, they will find a relatively shallow snow sites. While many deer have chosen the site, they will sub-sites. In general, deer are mammals in the most valuable species. Its value is multifaceted. Since ancient times, by the emperor, the nobility to the common people, both Chinese and foreign, are taking the "deer hunting" as a sport of both, sociability, entertainment, and the importance of practical activities. In ancient notes, "deer hunting" always plays an important role. Liu Yi _set_ with one of Confucius, "radio" also and "shoot deer" relevant. Hunting in Ancient China, primarily elk, that Sibu Xiang, to the Qing Dynasty Emperor Kangxi and Qianlong red deer and moose when. The general said, the deer is mainly focused on economic value. Deer body is a treasure, antler, Deer, deer, Luk Mei, Lu Jin, venison, deer breast, etc., all are herbs or supplements, there are several other deer fur, can be prepared for advanced clothing or leather. Reindeer more extensive uses, such as pulling sleds, pack things, milking, and so on. There are moose and deer in recent years a tendency of livestock. It is the economic value of deer from the dry so high, so many people come to hunt. Deer as a wild animal, almost two thousand years ago in a fight with no way out. Since the best quality deer velvet, so have a few decades ago, Shanxi, Hebei, two subspecies of the wild species must play, the other south China, northeast China, Taiwan, three subspecies are running low. Other deer species have a similar situation. While most of the country now has the list of protected animals include deer species, but in the wild has not been strictly protected. Some rare species, such as Hainan Eld's deer, sika deer in southern China, Xishuangbanna dolphin deer, still in the edge of endangered, it is worth serious attention. China is the country with the largest species of deer production. Deer family of animals belonging to the world total of 17 genera, 38 species, including 10 genera and 18 species in China have produced or are still produced. This means that the deer made in China, accounting for more than half of the world's deer of the genus, accounting for nearly half the world's deer species. By contrast, land of the former Soviet Union than in China more than 1 times, but only 5 genera, 6 species; the United States and Canada and China, the same size area, the only 4 genera, 5 species; India is certainly not the size of China, India birds species known for the "most abundant" known, but only 4 deer is a deer species of eight, is still far less than our country. Should be noted that the four countries, no one is a unique or endemic species of deer, but deer in domestic animals, at least one of an elk is endemic, there are elk, white-lipped deer, gross yellow deer, small yellow muntjac deer, etc. or further Shanglin forty-five kinds is endemic. There are also black muntjac (tufted deer) and muntjac River (river deer) 2 genera and 2 species, in addition to the production of Myanmar and North Korea, few, both widely distributed in China, the number of great, so basically can be considered a specialty of our animals . 70 years from the last century to the beginning of this century, this two or three decades, the elk happened is tragic. As was the world's only population of sub-populations of the South China Sea Beijing Nanyuan, suffered a blow with the catastrophe. 1894 Yongding River burst, flooding broke through the wall of The Chase, escaped elk and other animals, were the victims shall we eat a lot. Then in 1900, the Boxer Rebellion invaded Beijing and Chase were killed in the herd all of light. It is said that left the next pair, kept in a palace, the subsequent transfer "million livestock Park", also died. So far, the Chinese specialty animal Sibu Xiang, completely extinct in the country. Then the rest of Europe, each zoo has 18 elk. Britain has a Duke of Bedford, vegetarian fed animals, love, and he cost a fortune, these 18 all buy, and raised in his estate. Elk breeding success in it. The results could have been a specialty of the Chinese animals, China has one is not, and the Chinese people want to look at it, do not get to see foreign countries. Can see that is an animal, its fate is closely linked with the vicissitudes of the country. In addition to elk is a genuine Sibu Xiang, the country folk also several other animals, also called "Sibu Xiang." Let's call them "false Sibu Xiang." This includes the keeper of the reindeer Daxing'anling Ewenki; Daxing'anling southern moose, also known as elk; southern Hunan, the black deer, or deer production; Anhui Huangshan Mountain antelope along the middle of Sumatra, also known as serow. Perhaps there are others. Not studied animal taxonomy of people, tend to form more strange animal called Sibu Xiang, this is a misunderstanding. Reindeer in so many "fake Sibu Xiang," which, most likely the introduction of reindeer misunderstanding, because people call it, not only in Sibu Xiang Daxinganling origin, and many kinds of ancient books, such as "clear Wenhui Book", "Heilongjiang Geki" "exotic record," "Cao Ting Qiu Diary," are very broad pass it a long time, making people believe it is true Sibu Xiang. I remember the spring of 1950 the park opened in Beijing Zoo on the occasion again, newspapers and animals that board has a "Sibu Xiang," one, people excitedly ran to look, but it was reindeer. Reindeer and moose differences in appearance, so even a layman it is not difficult to see. Elk is the longest tail deer, reindeer's tail extremely short. Elk horn like no eyebrows pitchfork, the branches of a tree are _set_ back, there is a very complex reindeer forward growth of the bifurcation angle, and it is the only male and female are horned deer species. Fur on the body, there are many differences. The only similarities between the two is broad hooves flat, wide spacing, hanging shoe developed. This is because the elk had to live in swamps and wetlands, and reindeer are the long-term activities in the ice and snow, both of which require this type of hoof. China has no real wild reindeer. Evenki reindeer tribe fed by an estimated 1,000 existing long, I do not know where the original come from. Siberia and Northern Europe they support the minority of reindeer, basically the same habits, are in a quasi-raising, semi-wild state. Most of the day went to the mountains and allowed to forage freely wandering back to the village at night. If necessary, put it put on drag sled, pack things, squeeze deer milk, or even killed skinned, flesh, oil refining. Minorities need to boreal caribou, just over the Tibetan Plateau yak people need the same. Moose moose situation is different. It is a real wild animals. Its distribution area to the north do not like the reindeer, as in China can be distributed to the size of the forty seven degrees north latitude Mountains area. "Dictionary of Zoology" give it a name called "elk." This is more likely to make the "elk" confused. In a population of Daxinganling called "Sibu Xiang," but no one in this Xiaoxing'anling called. It seems call "moose" is the most affordable, as it was tall, such as camels, four legs and a little bit like a camel, shoulder especially tall, somewhat similar to the hump. More moose live in sub-arctic lake in the forest areas, do not love eating grass, leaves and bark like to eat tender spring, summer and autumn, often soaked in water, intake water plants and lotus, lotus stems, winter feeding a variety of moss in the snow. Small collection of groups. Stag usually prefer to live alone, but the lack of food in the winter when there who had mixed feeding cattle in the case. Aershan cows in Inner Mongolia, had been caught with two moose, which was sent to a female of the Beijing Zoo exhibition. Moose and reindeer are also velvet, on the size and weight is much greater than the plum velvet, but said the quality of time, medicinal efficacy is low. The reason is unclear. Moose so great, the meat is very substantial amount of nature, but taste like, not many people seem to praise. But is said to taste the famous ancient "eight treasures" one of the "monkey lips", is that it was sagging nasolabial fat. Moose in a foreign country is one of the most important hunting animals. People hunting it, is its horns in order to make souvenirs. In our country, hunting and other ethnic minorities Oroqen it is to eat meat to take skin. Now, it belongs to the country's second class protected animals. As for the elk and reindeer, because no wild species, so are not included in the ranks of the national protected animals. Black deer in southern Hunan, water, mountains, there is a "false Sibu Xiang" is the black deer. Hunan and Guangdong, across the border to the mountains of northern Guangdong, people call it deer. In Sichuan origin, its name is black deer. To Yunnan, people called it red deer. I heard people on Hainan Island, also called buffalo, deer. In short, in addition to call Sibu Xiang Hunan, all admit that it is all over the deer. This is a tropical and subtropical species of deer, the south has been distributed to Malaysia, Sumatra, the most northern areas in the north-west China's Sichuan and Qinghai in the southern area. The island of Taiwan has a sub-species. Other rare species of deer has been mentioned earlier, in the middle of the 18 species of deer, there are four or five are endemic to China. With the exception of elk famous, there are two very famous, that is, gross yellow white-lipped deer and muntjac. In addition, there are several, although not endemic to China, but rare indeed, such as Hainan Eld's deer, white deer Changdu Prefecture, Xinjiang, Tibet, the life of the western Tianshan Mountains, deer and red deer and so on. In addition to white-lipped deer early 70s, Sri Lanka, China sent a pair of (existing one) and the early 80s gave Nepal an external, other countries have not seen this Chinese specialty deer. It is only the origin of the Tibetan Plateau, including most parts of Tibet and Qinghai, Gansu, central and south-east, west and north Sichuan. It is a high mountain animals, usually living in the mountains above the altitude of four kilometers, even in summer can rise to 5000 meters, activity in the alpine shrub or alpine meadow area. Dense body with thick hair, defying the cold wind and snow, mountain grass and shrubs to feed on tender leaves, it is very stubborn resistance to bitter deer species. The main features of white-lipped deer, as its name implies, is to have a pure white lower lip, white throat and continued into the two ends of the upper and kiss, kiss it can also be called the white deer. In Gansu, Qinghai and other places, the common name is called yellow deer or deer grass. White-lipped deer hair brown in summer, with the local common name is called the green deer red deer were significantly different. The two deer antlers are also significant differences. Horse brow antlers and sub-branches of a tree branches of a tree in close proximity, antlers are far away from the white lips, and sub-branches of a tree particularly long, flat side of the main branch slightly. These are not difficult to discern. White-lipped deer and red deer in the areas overlapping areas such as Sichuan and Gansu Qilian Mountains in northwest, have found that white-lipped deer and red deer have a natural hybrid, and produce progeny situation. In recent years, Qinghai, Gansu, Sichuan, there are several Yanglu Chang begin to train white-lipped deer, of which the Yushu Tibetan Autonomous Prefecture in Qinghai Yang Luchang government raised more than most counties, hundreds of heads. According to statistics, the field from 1958 to 1979, caught a total of 710 juvenile white-lipped deer, domestication and 363 survived, the survival rate was 51.13%. In addition, there are scattered groups and individuals reared. It is reported that grazing has been breeding can be implemented, not only can reduce feed costs, save labor, but also to change its wild habits, increase rate of reproduction. The list of protected animals in the country, only 3 species of deer the first category, that is, white-lipped deer, sika deer and Hainan Eld's deer. Sika deer, rare animals in general can not be considered rare, because the deer is not only in the park, the zoo is easy to see, and Yang Luchang in the country there are many breeders in large numbers. But you can still leave it to the ranks of rare animals. First of all, said "Jane." The variety of deer antler velvet is the most expensive in medicine is called "Yellow Velvet." In addition, deerskin, venison, deer, Luk Mei, Lu Jin, and so on, also have higher value. So it is a precious animal. Followed by "thin." Domesticated deer are numerous, but the wild is particularly scarce, not only Mountain West Hebei subspecies and extinct species of the wild for many years already, even before the most widely distributed, the largest number of Chinese in South Asia the number of species and many former species in Northeast Asia, are now depleted, and the future in jeopardy. As for Taiwan subspecies of the wild still have any, it is a problem, perhaps only to the zoo can find some. Fortunately, in the mid 60s and early 70s, has also the most northern part of Sichuan and Gansu Ruoergai near the Sichuan border in southern Diebu, discovered a new subspecies of the deer, the number is estimated that about two hundred. They are often active in mixed forest edge or grassland, sometimes with cattle grazing in a meadow, sometimes with Su Ling, the black muntjac with rest. Has a zoo anywhere in the world has not exhibited this new subspecies, and therefore can be considered one of the world's most rare animals. The residual protection of wild deer should be treated as a priority. Pengze County, Jiangxi Province Jiangxi Province is the only production Taohongling where deer, it is estimated there are 100 still remained about the South Asian species of China, and now this place has been designated as deer nature reserve. Sika deer subspecies are numerous, not very different in shape, but the size of coat color depth in the individual, the number and size of spots, the dorsal midline extent of the length and obviously so, there are different degrees of difference. The smallest species of Taiwan and Asia, only eight ninety centimeters tall at the shoulder; Northeast Asia, the largest species, can be over 110 cm tall at the shoulder, weighing over 120 kg. Eld's deer, "Eld" is the common name on Hainan Island, the taxonomic name is Ai's deer, deer, also known as bifurcation eyebrow. There are three or four sub-species. The only place of origin in China Hainan Island. Is there not a single deer, a subspecies, since there are differences of opinion. Eld's deer similar size and belong to medium-sized deer. Shoulder in the 105-110 cm high, weighing between 60 and 100 kilograms, who is also white, the back has a black center line. Its main feature is the angular special, different from other kinds of deer, sika deer as well. Eld's Deer Point has a large and curved eyebrows pitchfork, and the following series of curved main branch to form a large angle of the arc. Regardless of the primary school the following branches of a tree, it seems as if no time pitchfork, the three branches of a tree, the location is actually forking high, long top came to the main branch. As eyebrow pitchfork developed, so most of the works of foreign branches of a tree called eyebrow deer. Before liberation, the Eld's deer in the relatively wide distribution of Hainan Island, it seems that in addition to the north outside the island at least 9 or 10 mountain counties, there are a considerable number of Eld's deer survival. It is estimated that there are more than 300 in the liberation only. Because excessive hunting, to 1979, the island is only the East County and Baisha County, to help field the second river, the remnants, but more than 30 only. After the recent years of strong advocacy and protection, the situation has significantly improved. Between May 1983 survey shows that the total number of East County has increased to 80 or more. Living in the East County, the protected areas field rare animal forage, only after a year of labor protection, had grown accustomed to with people close, and some approached the rest of villages, and some of the past, cars, carts not escape . Conservation International has now branched eyebrow deer, including the Hainan Eld's deer subspecies, including all the first level are classified as endangered animals, want to give the most stringent protection. 【Information】 "in the history of the most complete" list of the world's deer Daquan Note: 1, the list of the species so far, do not list subspecies; 2, the list does not include musk deer, Xi deer, giraffes of all kinds, because by general classification, musk deer, Xi deer, giraffe, deer as separate subjects, Xi deer, giraffe Division, tied with the deer family, temporarily involved. 3, the distribution of the Chinese territory, said ● 4, the same strange animal in the world there, all kinds of names, but only the Latin name is unique, and this brings us determine the species of convenience, to avoid the "synonyms" will bring a lot of trouble , This article also lists the Latin names, but also highlights the seriousness of this article, scientific, and easy access. "History of the most complete" list of the world's deer Daquan (In Chinese common name, Chinese name for the English name, Latin name order) Artiodactyla Cervidae Cervidae 3 subfamilies, 17 genera, 45 or 46 extant species, 17 species distributed in China True Cervinae Cervinae 4 genera and 16 species Deer is Cervus 10 species (9 extant) ● deer Sika deer (C. nippon) ● Red Deer (Red Deer) Red deer (C. claphus) ● white-lipped deer, white-lipped deer (C.albirostris) ● Hainan Eld's Deer (Eld's deer, deer eyebrow pitchfork, Ehrlich deer) Eld's deer (C. eldi) Xiong deer (Su's deer, deer Siam, Thailand Eld) Schomburgk's deer (C. schomburgki) extinct Ze deer (India Chak deer, marsh deer) swamp deer (C. duvauceli) ● deer (black deer) Sambar (C. unicolor) Mane deer (Java deer, black deer Timor) Rusa deer, Sunda sambar (C. timorensis) Philippine Sambar (Philippines black deer) Philippine sambar (C. marianus) A's deer (spotted deer Philippines) Philippine spotted deer (C. alfredi) Spotted deer are (Hua Lu is) Axis 4 种 Spotted deer (Hua Lu, India, Hua Lu) Axis deer (A. axis) ● Dolphin deer Hog deer (A. porcinus) reportedly has been extinct in China Carla Cotton deer (Deer Island, Canada, karaoke Damian deer) Calamian deer (A. calamianensis) Palawan deer (Ba Island deer) Bawean deer (A. kuhli) Elk are Elaphrus 1 种 ● elk (neither fish nor fowl, Dai Lu) Pere David's deer (E. davidianus) the world is no longer the wild populations in China for the semi-wild state of man Fallow deer Dama 2 种 is Fallow Deer (European fallow deer) European fallow deer (D. dama) Persian fallow deer (Mesopotamian fallow deer) Persian fallow deer (D.mesopotamica) Muntjac subfamily Muntiacinae 3 is 10 or 11 Yellow Muntjac is Muntiacus (8 or 9) ● yellow muntjac (barking deer, Huangjing) Indian muntjac (M. muntjak) ● small yellow muntjac (small deer, muntjac) Reeves's muntjac (M. reevesii) ● Gross yellow muntjac (black muntjac) Black muntjac (M. crinifrons) ● Philippine's yellow muntjac (Philippine's muntjac) Fea's muntjac (M.feae) Roche yellow muntjac (M.rooseveltorum)? Fear of controversy ● Gongshan muntjac Gongshan muntjac (M. gongshanensis) Long Hill Muntjac Truong Son muntjac (M. truongsonensis) Leaf Muntjac Leaf deer (M. putaoensis) Borneo yellow muntjac (tumor deer) Bornean yellow muntjac (M. atherodes) Tufted deer are (Green muntjac is) Elaphodus 1 种 ● tufted deer (Youth Muntjac) (E. cephalophus) Giant Muntjac are Megamuntiacus 1 种 Giant Muntjac (Muntiacus Viet Nam Tai) Giant muntjac (M. vuquangensis) Air Gear Cervinae Odocoileinae 5 10 19 species family Moose is a family Alcini 1 Moose Alces 1 种 is ● moose (jail) Moose (A. alces) Reindeer is a family Rangiferini 1 Reindeer is Rangifer 1 种 ● Reindeer Caribou, reindeer (R. tarandus) the only male and female are horned deer, China semi-wild state for the artificial Roe deer is a family Capreolini 1 Roe deer are Capreolus 2 种 European roe deer (Western roe deer) European roe deer (C. capreolus) ● Siberian Roe Deer (Eastern roe deer, roe deer) Siberian roe deer (C. pygargus) Deer (river muntjac) is a family Hydropotini 1 Deer (river muntjac) is Hydropotes 1 种 ● deer (river muntjac) Chinese water deer (H. inermis) is not the only male deer with horns Air Gear deer family Odocoileini 6 genera and 14 species Air Gear is Odocoileus 2 种 deer White-tailed Deer White-tailed deer (O.virginianus) Black-tailed deer (mule deer) Mule deer (O. hemionus) Prairie deer are (South American prairie deer genus) Blastoceros 1 种 Prairie deer (deer grasslands in South America, Pampas deer) Pampas deer (B. campestris) Swamp deer is (Ze deer in South America is a) Blastocerus 1 种 Marsh Deer (South America Ze deer) Marsh deer (B.dichotomus) Moose is a horse (South American mountain deer are) Hippocamelus 2 种 Lima moose Chile (Chile Yamaga) Chilean guemal (H. bisulcus) Peru Marvell moose (Peru mountain deer) Peruvian guemal (H.antisensis) Deer are Pudu 2 种 Purdue South Price degrees deer (Purdue deer, Chile Purdue deer) Southern pudu (P. pudu) North Purdue deer (Ecuador Purdue deer) Northern pudu (P. mephistophiles) Is a short deer (Mexico deer are) Mazama 6 种 Short red deer (red deer, Mexico) Red brocket (M. americana) Japanese short-deer (Japanese Mexico deer) Dwarf brocket (M. chunyi) Gray short-deer (deer, gray, Mexico) Brown brocket (M. gouazoubira) Small short-deer (red deer, Mexico) Little red brocket (M. rufina) Jurassic short deer (Jurassic Mexico deer) Lesser brocket (M. nana) Small gray short-deer (small gray Mexico deer, deer Brandt) Grey dwarf brocket (M. bricenii) Also, deer and zoo in Chengdu has a long history, currently on display are: deer, Japanese deer (subspecies), red deer, white hip deer (Cervus elaphus four Chuanya species), white-lipped deer, sambar, fallow deer, White Fallow Deer (Fallow deer albino type), dolphin deer, tufted deer, small deer, previously also had a reindeer, Java deer (mane deer), barking deer and so on. In particular, that a male reindeer impressive, it was a child I was always ambitious and attracted by the beautiful Big Horn.
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Wikipedia Daquan
lu ke Cervidae Cervidae; cervids The purpose of a cloven-hoofed Branch, orbital depression, there is facial gland; a foot gland; liver without the gallbladder. 0.75 ~ 2.90 m in length and weighs 9 to 800 kg. A total of 16 genera and about 52 species. Distributed in Eurasia, Japan, the Philippines, Indonesia, North America, South America north of latitude 40 □ and Southwest Africa. Habitat in the tundra, forest, desert, scrub and marsh. Typical herbivores, eating grass, bark, twigs and young seedlings. Legs slender, good run. Most species with no angle on the canine. But no angle types (such as deer) are particularly large upper canine teeth, fangs were like, can be used as weapons. Bucks Point is a secondary sexual characteristics, is also a struggle even weapons. Angle of growth and shedding by the pituitary and testicular hormones. After the northern deer breeding season, then angle off from below the mouth of Mao, the first 2 years and from the frontal bone above one pair of stem section above the mouth at the birth of Mao. The angle is called Velvet grow early, wrapped in skin, hair, a large number of blood vessels, forking. As the angle of the raised blood supply that is gradually reduced, then dry off the skin. If the lack of vitamins or certain trace elements, angle of the dysplasia. 1 to 2 years old give birth to the first angle is almost straight, after forking angle increasing year by year, to the adult shape. Bucks than female deer. Shallow depth of winter coat in summer, most of fawn with white spots. Some species (such as deer, Sika deer and dolphins) into the body also has spots. Less than 4 toes, 3 and 4 toes developed to support the body weight, degradation of 2 and 5 smaller toe. 2 nipple female deer. Stomach 4 room, ruminating. 32 to 34 teeth. Tropical deer there is no fixed breeding season, estrus times a year, angle does not fall off. Late autumn to winter in temperate deer mating. Most females, one male and more. 1 to 2 per litter only, up to 3 ~ 4. Good swimming. Velvet is a valuable medicines. Venison is a game, can deerskin leather. Deer throughout the world will be listed as a protected animal. (Roeser □)
Deer