Lithosphere (lithosphere) The average thickness of the outermost layer of the Earth about 100 kilometers of hard rock with an elastic. From the top of the crust and upper mantle composition. Below the lithosphere is the asthenosphere. Lithosphere can be divided into six major sections: the Eurasian plate, the Pacific plate, American plate, African plate, Indian plate, the Antarctic plate. There are a number of smaller plates inlaid meantime. There are four types of plate boundaries: divergent plate with ridge ridge, island arc plate subduction trench, transform fault zone and continental collision zone. (See the internal structure of the Earth). The thickness of the lithosphere vary. In general, the continental crust lithosphere thickness greater than the thickness of the oceanic crust of the lithosphere, but disputed its specific depth. Surface morphology is also shaping process cycle lithospheric material basis of their existence are three main types of lithosphere rocks - igneous rocks, metamorphic and sedimentary metamorphic transformation. Under the pressure of Earth's interior, along the weak zones of magmatic intrusive rocks of the upper lithosphere circle or spray the surface, cooled and solidified to form igneous rocks. Bare surface of magmatic rocks in the wind, rain, sun and biological effects, the components become disintegration of gravel, sand and mud. The debris was deposited after handling the wind, water and other down through consolidation diagenesis to form sedimentary rocks. Meanwhile, the rock has been generated, metamorphism under certain temperature and pressure to form a metamorphic. Remelting regeneration occurs in rocks deep lithosphere lithosphere or less, and become the new magma. Under certain conditions, the magma intrusion or spray the surface again, the formation of new igneous rocks, together with other rock weathering forces again to accept, erosion, transport and accumulation. So, again and again, so that the material of the lithosphere in constant transformation into circulation. Today, we see mountains and basins, as well as running water, glaciers, aeolian landforms, is lithospheric material circulation at the surface traces. In addition to the Earth's lithosphere, in addition to the outer surface morphology is not observed directly. It is mainly on the top of the mantle of the Earth's crust and mantle by a circle composed from the surface down through the solid earth at nearly 33 km of seismic waves displayed at the first discontinuity (Moho), has been extended to the asthenosphere so far. Uneven thickness of the lithosphere, the average thickness of about 100 km. Because of the lithosphere and its surface morphology and modern geophysics, geodynamics are closely related, and therefore, the lithosphere is the modern Earth science the most studied, the most detailed and thorough solid part of the earth. Because of the Earth's surface ocean floor occupies a total area of 2/3 as much, while about 45% of the ocean basin with a total area of seabed, the average depth of 4,000 to 5,000 meters, a large development of undersea volcano is located in the ocean basins, which extends around the vast undersea hills. Therefore, the main surface morphology of the entire solid Earth can be considered by the ocean basins and continental platform composed of their research, constitute geodynamics and lithospheric structure and is directly linked to "global tectonics" theory.
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百科辞典
岩石圈 百科辞典
To rigid whole, undulating surface, resources and energy Are closely related. It is also the life processes nutrients Storage places, is human survival, development and military activities Lower layers. Said upper layer of alumina, also known as the granite layer; under Layer said Si-Mg layer, also known as Olive rock. Basalt which vest Circle of material existence mantle convection phenomenon is generally believed that convection Mantle material to promote the overlying plate drift, the plate
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English Expression
n.: geosphere, lithosphere
Related Phrases
geology
geography
campaign
architecture
cyclopedia
Geology
land Inside Strata
geophysics
chasm
mantle
upper mantle
globe
heat flow
evolution
facility
the kingdom of science
zhongkeyuan
Containing Phrases
geosphere breakdown
geosphere fault block
continent geosphere
geosphere earthquake
lithospheric plate
Heat Geosphere land
Geosphere Heat configuration
translithospheric fracture
geosphere tourist resources
geochemistry of the lithosphere
International Geosphere plan
Geosphere Architecture Heat evolution
chemical evolution of the lithosphere
Geosphere evolution Country priority facility
Inter-Union Commission on the Lithosphere
Cryptozoic Architecture And Geosphere circumvolution tectonic system
