Song Dynasty (960 -1279) of Divided into two phases: Northern Song Dynasty (960 ~ 1127) and Southern Song Dynasty (1127 ~ 1279) History】 【Song 【Definition of the country Later Zhou Dynasty Gongdi the throne, the life Kuangyin as Duguid Jiedushi, owned by German troops in the Song state (now Shangqiu). The following year, Kuangyin mutiny in bridge Chen came to the throne, because of their fortune in the Song state, my country Xiao Yue "Song" its capital Kaifeng (now Kaifeng). Jingkang years, Jinbing captured Bianjing, Song Sui Wang. Huizong ninth son of Zhao Gou in Lin'an (now Hangzhou) reconstruction of Song Dynasty, known as "Song." Zuo】 【Song Zhaoguo Country Song Zuo dynasty of the country than the rest of China is a long Zuo, Song Emperor eighteen hundred and twenty years of experience. The other Chinese dynasties shorter than the general national jo.
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The beginning of statehood
Zhao Kuangyin Song emperor was Kuangyin, Temple name Dynasty. Later Zhou Dynasty in the front of the hall he could have been all point inspection, the distinguished itself as the right-hand man after the King Sejong's Zhao Kuangyin. Sejong death, the succession of Gongdi young, Kuangyin so with the emperor's ambitions. Germany was the Spring Festival seven years, the gang Kuangyin manufacturing Liao disinformation attack, when the prime minister led his army northward range of quality Jiling Kuangyin resist the enemy. Flood the temple, Chen arrived Kuangyin Bridge Station, the day he was sleeping when the night was men glory, Three cheers, support for the emperor. Later Zhou Dynasty bureaucracy known powerless after that, only to face reality. Zhou Gong Di forced to abdicate. Buildups years (961 years) in July and open treasure years (969 years) in October, brought in close embrace military power, (the history of spread at the "杯酒释兵权" dramatic theory), the holding of general and local officials in the heavily generals to be deprived of military power, entrusted with the virtual level, and change to the civil service with the military, the generals all the power and financial power concentrated in the center. Under the jurisdiction of generals, soldiers and even generals do not know commonplace things, there Tangzhao Fan Song from the town was able to separatist situation. But it also led to long-term malaise in the military Song, Song in a foreign war so often fail. Song Taizong Zhao Guangyi Brought face another cause is a unified country. Kuangyin discussions with Zhaopu snowy night, decided to be the first to unify the country south of the North after the procedure. Way off the first Kuangyin Guo sham measure, the demise of Nanping and Chu. Shu later destroyed, Southern Han, the Southern Tang three countries. Dynasty unified the whole country as one hopes, also _set_ up libraries to save money pile closure cloth, hope to redemption from the hands of Yan Yun Liao sixteen states. Kai Bao nine years (976 years) in August, the Northern Expedition Dynasty again. October 19th Dynasty, but suddenly died, leaving the "Shadow of Candle ax sound" history mystery. Zhao Guangyi busy with his brother ascended the throne, the cause of national unity was temporarily stopped. Zhao Guangyi brought in younger brother ascended the throne, Temple name Taizong. Taizong dominant firm, to continue the cause of national reunification, first separatist Fujian Zhangzhou and Quanzhou into two House and Wu Yue Qian Guixiang Chen Hong, Han and later demise of the North. Taipingxingguo four years (979 years) in May against Taizong not Guda Chen, while the demise of the North Han Yu Wei, starting from Taiyuan to the Northern Expedition. At first, the state was easily recovered and Zhuozhou. Complacency Taizong ordered attack Yanjing. Results sorghum River fiasco. The campaign, the Song of the strategy will become passive.雍熙 three years (986 years), Taizong once again the Northern Expedition, the results of another defeat, the famous general who died in Young Industry The campaign also. Song after the war in the party are also many items failed uprisings erupted in Sichuan. Taizong's policy have become important within the virtual outside. Taizong I arty, like Poetry, the Government has therefore attached particular importance to culture, re-teach the Song of the wind therefore open. Taizong also like calligraphy, good grass, Li, lines, seal, eight, six flying white fonts, especially the flying white body. Song Chunhua ingot currency with the words on the topic is too clan.
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Into the Golden Age
Emperor Song Zhao Heng Taizong died, Shinshu Zhao Heng take over the throne. Late Huanglao Shinshu Taizong pursued political inaction. Since 雍熙 after the Northern Expedition, often in the Song, Liao, Liao to the junction of robbery Shalue to Jingde first year (1004) Song has finally evolved into large-scale invasion of the war. Zhao Heng, Emperor Song Kou Zhun advocated war prime minister, the results Shinshu foreign crusades, Song Junshi gas boosted, and the Army of Liao stalemate in the http chow, the Army of Liao was forced to sue for peace. After a series of negotiations, the two conferences and success. And about the main contents are: Song Liao silk every year twenty ten thousand, one hundred and two thousand of silver, the two sides of the country for the brothers. Known to history and about the "Chanyuan Alliance." Later, Kou Zhun gradually fell out of favor, eventually Baxiang. Credit an eloquent Shinshu Chen Wang Qinruo start. Wang Qinruo good curry favor with, well aware of the atmosphere Shinshu hopes to create peace and harmony, so strongly advocated Shinshu Fengshan. Wang Qinruo I also joined hands with another prime minister, Wang Dan, a lot of manufacturing in the country, "good fortune" of the elephant, won the Shinshu intended. Results in large and medium Xiangfu Shinshu first year (1008) on three occasions Fengshan. This is a serious drain on their resources. Liu Zhen Zong and Queen had no son. Occasionally, a Shinshu Lin Xing Liu Li, a maid, the results of Lee and in large and medium Xiangfu three years (1010) produced a son (Zhao benefit), which is later Ren. Later, Liu Yang and another concubines raise this child together. Sky two years (1018) Autumn, Shinshu Zhao benefit for the Prince officially closed and changed its name to Zhao Zhen. Xing dry year (1022) February Nianri, Shinshu Jiabeng. Prince Zhao Zhen, ascended the throne, the title of Empress Dowager Empress Liu, Ren into a year in military affair agent. Empress Liu began sixteen years of acting behind the scene times. "First and worry about the world, after the world music" of Fan Chung-yen Liu Ren has been in the early days of the shadow of death until he was able to Liu ambitions. Although Queen Cao Ren, but he has been a particular favorite concubine Zhang. But Zhang was born inferior, and has not been a queen. Huang You six years (1054) eighth day of the first month, Zhang's death. Ren actually deal with the funeral of Queen of the ceremony, and bestowed upon the Wencheng Huang, resulting in one death and two Queen's life, can be described as gone with no. Xia Li Yuanhao in Daqing three years (1038) became the emperor, Song broke out between the years of war, Song defeated, leading to a re-hee by currency. Later, Ren appointment Zhongyan, Lvyi Jian, FU Bi, Bao Zheng, Han Qideng to minister to implement New Deal achieved very good results. The most prosperous nation since the founding of the stage. But some people claim that these reformist conservatives and partisan officials, praised each other, is the clique. Ren has always been the most obnoxious clique, because these bureaucrats was more relegated to local officials. Short-term New Deal to an end. In the border on the appointment of generals Di Qing Ren, has dispelled the southern barbarian rebellion and Nong Zhi Xia high provocation.
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Xining Reform and the Old Parties
A "willing Wuling thin children, students time when the Kaiyuan Tianbao" sigh of Wang Yingzong death, his eldest son ascended the throne Shenzong Zhao Xu. Shenzong during the reign of the early Song Dynasty developed system has generated a lot of abuse, people's livelihood start back, the border eyeing Liao and Hsia. This commitment to reform by Wang Shenzong. Wang Shen-Ming Chen enable the affairs of state well-known reformist reforms, its appointed Shenzhizhengshi. Wang introduced the new law includes all transportation, Young, Immunizations, the city is easy, Bao Jia, Paul Ma, Fang Tian tax. However, the implementation of the new law were the conservatives led by Sima Guang backlash against the new law. Coupled with natural disasters the country constantly, the determination to implement the new law Shenzong also been shaken. Xining seven years (1074), severe drought, an official named Zheng Xia was a displaced persons to Shenzong on the map, figure appalling scene, Shenzong therefore be in shock. The next day ordered the temporary stop Shenzong Young, Fang Tian, exemption or other eighteen Act. Although these laws be restored soon, but Shenzong and Wang mistrust between the already started. Xining seven years in April, the first time Ba Xiang Wang, a known Jiangning House. Later, the officials sent Lvhui Qing Reform acts recklessly. Therefore, Wang returned to Beijing for reinstatement, but he still strongly obstructed by the conservatives. Xining nine years (1076) in June, the eldest son of the death of Wang, Wang took the opportunity to strongly request withdrawal, recall again in October Wang Shenzong phase, since they do not care Wang. Although the descendants of the Xining evaluation of the new law is very polarized, but beyond doubt, far less effective implementation of the new law Wang expected. Although the implementation of the new law greatly increased the state's financial income and cultivated area, but seriously increase the burden on the civilian population. Xining new law reform in the military is only stop-gap measures, no significant improvement in military combat. With Wang haste, social evolution will take a long time to complete more than ten overall reform implementation in a few years, so that political reform into the plight of haste, less speed. Moreover, the new law at a later stage, the provision and implementation of effective difference between the increasingly large number of measures from the ride out to become a nuisance. Improper implementation of the new law and last lost popular support personnel reasons, such as Lvhui Qing Reform faction, had cloth, Li Ding, and Cai Jing, are all very controversial figure character. Some even regarded as villains. For the reforms to the "big history," said the historian Ray Huang Commenting on the political reform: "As early as nine hundred years before us, China is attempting to manipulate the affairs of state financial control approach, its scope and depth has not made elsewhere in the world. However, modern finance is not a nothing organization to the almighty power of the ruling far as it contains the summary of all and also not with other factors like its rival. " Shenzong after the death of the Queen Mother Gao behind a screen, just ascended the throne of the King Cheoljong Zhao Xu tight clamp. High Empress Sima Guang, led by credit to the old party, and cold Cheoljong, the results lead to serious Old Parties is to Yuanyou party struggles. King Cheoljong Chikamasa, the denigration old party, the credit of the New Party, so the cause of political reform has been sustained.
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Jingkang shame
Huizong was a talented artist, but also lost his country. King Cheoljong left no heirs, after the death of Zhao Ji ascended the throne by his younger brother, is Huizong. Huizong special good pleasure, to have no interest in affairs of state. Zhao Ji childhood hobby Huizong Huizong ink, Dan, horse riding. Zhao Ji erosion of life, like visiting the brothel. Also planned to construct, listen to priests said, built in the northeast corner of Kaifeng Long live the mountain, later renamed Gen Yue. Gen Yue radius of more than ten years, including Lotus Pond, Cixi and other resorts. Inside the pavilions, animals everything. Should be _set_ up in Suzhou Huizong Feng Bureau, which plundered rocks in the southeast, is the key link for the stone flowers, attracted sulked. Huizong ignoring affairs of state, government have led to the six thieves to Caijing. CAI to restore the new law in the name of Daxing ban on political parties, intolerance. Cai Jing ascended the throne next to a ban issued edict Yuanyou law. Namely that Yuanyou Jiandang case. Minister of integrity therefore excluded from all the political center. Huizong I am ambitious, when he saw Jin Liao was attacked, the ease of weight and the first year (1118) spring, sending envoys to the horses crossing the self-Dengzhou gold. The two sides discuss their common attack Liao, Song responsible for the attack on Nanjing and Xijing Liao. Liao off, after the land owned by Yan-Yun Song, Liao States over the past year-old Song Dynasty to the payment of gold coins to change the country. That is, for the sea of the Union. However, Song forces but was a complete defeat. Finally Kinbyo snatched Yanjing of the population, and business deductions, flat, Luan three states. Vision and seven years (1125), Kim divided the south to attack Song. Zhao Ji Chuan Wei at once scared his son Qinzongzhaohuan. Qinzong hard, between the war and indecisive. Driven to despair was the case in Li Gang enabled to defend Tokyo. Although victory was achieved, but Jin did not give up hope, second south. Jingkang first year (1126) in September, the fall of Taiyuan. November, fall outside the city of Kaifeng, gold went to conferences and military force Qinzong. Run November Sari, Qinzong conferences and camps were forced to go gold, three days to return. Jin asked to ask a lot of gold and silver. Qinzong so wantonly plundered the city of Kaifeng property. Kaifeng City is golden army besieged the city epidemic, starvation disease a few dead. Jingkang year (1127) February 6, Hui and Qin Emperor deposed, banished for the common people. Seven days Huizong forced to go to gold camp. Separate Zhangbang Chang Jin, the establishment of a "big Chu," the puppet regime. Chin-Hui Jin Luedao two of the five countries is the city, known as the shame or Jingkang Jingkang disaster. Huizong German public has been called stunning, Qin Zong was made a stunning re-Hou. The last two Kesiyixiang Five city. Although no contribution on Huizong in the affairs of state, But there is no doubt on his accomplishments unparalleled in the painting. Huizong calligraphy and painting in the history of Chinese art has an important position. Huizong original skinny body, and the importance of painting career. Imperial Painting and Calligraphy Institute status of a substantial increase, the famous painter, the author of Riverside Zhang Zeduan is its promotion. Even his son, Zhao Gou also been nurtured, to become an outstanding calligrapher.
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Nandu Jian Yan
Qin Hui death, Emperor on the one hand against the other party, on the one hand re-capitulators officials. Gao unable to have children, so he descended from two of Zhao Yuan Dynasty and Zhao Qu choose heir. Finally, Zhao Yuan win. Shaoxing Saer year (1162), Zhao Yuan was established as a crown prince, and renamed the Zhao Shen. Shaoxing thirty year (1161), Reign Under Hailing King Wanyanliang southward invasion repelled by Yu Yunwen in the quarry. The matter to Gao thinking about quitting. Shaoxing Saer June, fifty-year-old Emperor issued an edict to abdicate the throne, Prince Zhao Shen was to Xiao Zhong. He called himself the overlord, ranking Deoksugung, after the Emperor as overlord, indulge in pleasures, costly. Chun Xi fourteen years (1187) October 8, Gao died.
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Sacrifice the South
Xiao Zhong's reign, court politics of reform, trying to recover into a relatively prosperous Song period, Xiao Zhong Yue Fei injustice Southern Territory prison rehabilitated, people only use the war party, determined to recover the Central Plains. Longxing first year (1163) in April, so Xiao Zhong Li Xianzhong, Shaohong Yuan and other troops the Northern Expedition. Although the Northern Expedition was the victory, but because each group plus the generals do not underestimate the enemy ideology, the Northern Expedition lasted only Nianri to failed. After a last resort and the gold Xiaozong talk longxing year (1164) in December, Song, formally signed and the proposal, known as longxing and recommendations. But still obsessed recovery Xiaozong central China, continue to rectify arms. However, because of the war party and some other generals Yuyun Wen died, the cause of the last Expedition to nothing. In domestic affairs, Xiao Zhong actively rectify the official, weed out the superfluous and unqualified redundant official, punishment of corruption, strengthen the centralization of power, attention to agricultural production. Overall, the situation has changed the internal affairs of the Song Dynasty. Emperor died, Xiao Zhong increasingly apathetic to political and finally decided to let in his son Zhao Dun, which is Mitsumune. However, soon ascended the throne Mitsumune suffering from mental illness, coupled with his own lack of filial piety is, so that Xiao Zhong is very sad. Shaoxi five years (1194) in July, Xiao Zhong's death. Mitsumune good suspicion, distrust his father is minister of Xiao Zhong's around, he ascended the throne two years after becoming insane. Shaoxi five years in July, Xiao Zhong died, the Mitsumune does not even mourning. Lin'an city chaos, instability. And Zhao Yan Zhao Ruyu Clan began secret planning over establishing a new monarch. Finally, too Empress Dowager issued an edict, Mitsumune be regarded as the overlord. Zhao expanded his son ascended the throne, is to Zong Ning, Gaiyuan Qingyuan (1195). Six years later, Mitsumune died. History contains Zong Ning "no wisdom", low IQ. Zong Ning Quan Chen once they have been two - Hantuo Zhou and Shi Miyuan manipulation. While Ning Zongzhi business is low, but overall quite an honest principal.
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Internal and external problems
Early Zong Ning, Zhao Ruyu any prime minister. Zhao Ruyu my political integrity is good. However, the prime minister of the royal family on the sub-office etiquette, plus Han Tuozhou stir up trouble, he was the last stop to the phase. However, civil still miss him very much, Linan gates every day mourning poetry. Hantuo Zhou Zhao Ruyu order to completely remove the influence and exclusivist, the name under the guise of academic, manufacturing, Qingyuan ban on political parties. To Neo as "pseudo-science", and the Minister of Science towards the addition of the faith against the Han Tuozhou. Han Tuozhou literati to all the faith out of the Government of Science. Qingyuan six years (1200), Han Tuozhou see Science has not constitute a threat, they lift the ban on political parties. But the party ban is unpopular, in order to win over the scholars, Han Tuozhou and confuse people by the name of the Northern Expedition. On Jubilee year (1206), Han Tuozhou rush to the Northern Expedition, the results quickly failed. The failure of the Northern Expedition Han Tuozhou become common knowledge. With his political opponents Shimi Yuan reconcilable Taliban and South Korea to build into the opposition coalition. And Jin Han Tuozhou Youyi kill one of the conditions for peace talks. On Jubilee year (1207) November 3, Shimi Yuan and other forged Mizhi will Hantuo Zhou killed. Since then started Shimi Yuan dictatorship. Shimi Yuan and Yang Queen collusion, monopoly power. Zong Ning of the eight children, but they all died. He Yi Wang's son Li Chao MATRIX crown prince. The dictatorship of Shimi Yuan Zhao MATRIX very dissatisfied. Therefore Shimi Yuan Zhao MATRIX Prince of bits of waste, Li Zhao Yun for the change heir. Jiading seventeen years (1224) leap on August 3, Zong Ning died. Zhao Yun to succeed the throne, is to Methodism. However, Shimi Yuan to continue their dictatorship, and Zhao Yun also pursuing low profile strategy. Shao given six years (1233) October, Shimi Yuan died. Methodism has finally shaken off the shadow of Shimi Yuan. The following year, Li Zong Gaiyuan end flat, the implementation of a series of reform measures, known as the "end of level more of." Li Zong Shi Miyuan old party will give all stop exclusion, political affairs has been changed once. Meanwhile in the north, Mongolia Jin is facing pressing harder and harder, facing subjugation. North Korea's foreign policy has divided into two factions, one that should be kept together against payment; other school should bear in mind that the common lot of truth and the lessons of the sea of the Union, assistance Jin, Song of the fan to a screen of gold. Shao given five years (1232) December, Mongolia Mongolia emissary to discuss cooperation in attack Jin Song, when the minister of North Korea mostly agree, only Zhao Fan opposition. Li Zong agreed to the request of Mongolia, Mongolia also promised to back off payment after the Song Dynasty in Henan. But this is only a verbal agreement, did not leave a written agreement, it planted the troubles. Upon learning of Golden Isles were also sent envoys to Song powerful statement of hope that the joint anti-Mongol, but was Lizong rejected. Song of the appointment of head of the history of Methodism off payment issues. Shao given six years (1233), Song capture Dengzhou. Side ping the first year (1234) May Caizhou been overcome, Golden Isles were hanging, Jin perish. Song will Mengqi remains were brought back to the Golden Isles of Lin'an. Methodism were the remains of the Golden Isles of worship in the Imperial Ancestral Temple, to comfort Hui and Qin two soul in heaven.
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Decline and fall
After the fall of the Jin, moved northwards Occupation in Inner Mongolia, Henan empty Lizong intent, according to the relevant (Tongguan), Shou River (Yellow River), recovered three Beijing (Tokyo Kaifeng, Xijing Luoyang, Nanjing, Duguid), recovery of the Central Plains. Side ping the first year (1234) in May, Li Zong Zhao Kui was appointed coach, all children before the vanguard, ordered their troops Henan. June 12, only to recover the whole child, Nanjing. July 5, Song stationed in Kaifeng. However, as forage ineffective, delaying planes, MENG Jun Song was ambushed when Luoyang attack, suffered heavy losses. Song separate ways across the board retreat. Side ping failed to Luoyang, Song in the game which suffered heavy losses, a large number of elite troops and supplies down the drain, but also to provide an excuse after the Mongol invasion of Song. Side ping to Luoyang, the Lizong lazy political affairs, to indulge in sensual pleasures, the political affairs of the Big Bad. Methodism two sons died young, so the final choice Lizong son of his brother, Rui Zhao and Zhao Qi for the Crown Prince. Zhao Qi in the mother during pregnancy had an abortifacient, so Zhao Qi deficiencies. King _set_ the first year (1260) in June, Li Zhao Qi Li Zong emperor declared the crown prince. King _set_ five years (1264) on December Nian Liu, Li Zong died, Zhao Qi ascended the throne, is the degree cases. Zhao Qi's reign ignoring affairs of state, among the day indulge in sensual pleasures. Chia Ssu so good at the right the right prime minister. Chia Ssu clique,, intolerance. GE Ling house all day having fun with ladies of the house, because of his good Cricket fighting, when you called him a "cricket prime minister." He has forbidden to know the front were fighting for the degree. Yangyang, three years after the siege of Fancheng, degrees were only about the incident. Side ping year (1235), Occupation in Inner Mongolia for the first time southward invasion was repulsed. MENG Jun and not willing to fail, and the third year in September the following year two southward invasion, which is almost close to the front of the north shore of the Yangtze River. Courageously fighting the Song defeat MENG Jun, MENG Jun degrees south once again defeat the next attempt. Then, Southern Song Junmin and generals in the anti-Meng Meng arch, Meng Ying, Yu Jie, who, under the command repeatedly beat the Occupation in Inner Mongolia, it had attempted to take a detour. Qingyuan opening year (1259), Mongolian expedition together in the state of Montgomery sweat by the Song of the flow vector when the injured died in the army so. Kublai Khan and his brother are in Ezhou Song war, heard the news immediately after the withdrawal of troops ready to sweat in order to win the position, Chia Ssu Kublai Khan took the opportunity to send and conferences and to ensure peace. This self-reliance as Kublai Khan directly back to the North. Xianchun seven years (1271), the founding of Kublai Khan in the Central Plains No. yuan. Xianchun Decade (1274) July 9, the degree cases, died aged 35. Degree of cases after the death of his eldest son was crowned Zhao. At that time, the rule of the Song Dynasty has entered the paralysis. Blissful first year (1275) Spring, element of military forces captured and Chizhou city of Anqing, threaten our health, the Yangtze River defense line collapsed. Government and earthquakes, all are hoping to _set_ off Chia Ssu-tao, the results of Song defeated. Chia Ssu-tao was banished, in his new post on the way custody officer Zhenghu Chen was killed. November Nianri Blissful first year, Changzhou fall of the military element at the Holocaust. Soon came to an occupied Pingjiang, Linan panic. Blissful year (1276) February fifth day of the surrender ceremony was held in Lin'an city, captured Xi Zhao, Song Wang. Then, the younger brother of Zhao Xi Zhao Bing Zhao is protected by Minister Lin escaped. Zhao ascended the throne in Fuzhou is to end cases Gaiyuan Jing Yan (1276). However, Xiao Zhaoting internal struggle continued, the first year of King Yan November, MENG Jun approximation Fuzhou, November 15, courtier Chung Chen, Zhao Zhang Shijie escort and Bing Zhao a southern escape by boat, the sea line from Xiao Zhaoting only North Korea. Jing Yan three years (1278) Spring, Xiao Zhaoting Leizhou arrived. April 15, Zhao was only eleven years old died. Bing Zhao and Zhong Chen Lu Xiufu support for the emperor, reign title Cheung Hing (1278). In the Yuan army onslaught, Leizhou fall, Xiao Zhaoting moved Yaishan (now Guangdong Xinhui). Rebel forces in the Southern Song Han Yuan Zhang Hongfan leader in hot pursuit after the general offensive launched against Yaishan, Song inability to fight, defeat across the board. Zhao Bing Lu Xiufu and CONSERVATORY the royal family with eight hundred people jumped into the sea of collective suicide. Disgraced Zhang Hongfan world, especially in this tombstone "Song Song Zhang Hongfan off this" mockery of the Song to this announcement and complete extinction. Yaishan The brutal battle, the war, there are hundreds of thousands of suicide martyrdom, the sea is dead. Wen Tianxiang personally witnessed the tragic scene, poem goes: "Jie to the South China Sea, died tangled. Fishy wave breaks my heart is broken, wind blowing coming from China."
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Song Zhaodi Wang spectrum
Song of the royal family 960 -1279 Temple name names of posthumous reign reign brought in a very valiant shipment Rui Wen Li De St. power of God to the Ming Emperor Tai Hau Kuangyin 960 -976 960 -963 years of buildup, Conduit 963 -968, the Kai Bao 968 - Most Gracious Road Song Taizong in 976 should be strong magic virtues Rui Da Ming Wen Wu Xiao-Guang Zhao Guangyi emperor in 976 -997 976 -984 years of peace and rejuvenating the country, 雍熙 984 years -987 years, Duangong 988 -989 years, Chunhua 990 -994 years, Shido 995 -997 magic of Emperor Song should meet Jigu Wuding Jean de Civilization Emperor Zhao Heng Zhang Sheng-Yuan Xiao Xianping 997 -1 022 998 -1 003 years, the Jing 1004 -1007, the large and medium Xiangfu 1008 -1016, the Sky 1017 -1021, the dried body of Xing 1022 CLASSICS very successful Heaven Road, Man of God throughout Germany Benjamin Xiao Sheng Wu Rui Zhao Zhen, Emperor of Heavenly 1022 -1063 1023 - 1032, Ming 1032 -1033 years, Edwin 1034 -1038, the Pou Yuen years 1038 -1040, 1040 -1041 Kangding, the Qingli 1041 -1048, the Queen Mary Help of Christians 1049 -1054 year, to and 1054 -1056, the Jiayou 1056 -1063 calendar years of Emperor Yingzong of Song Long stem should work Shengde Xian Rui Wen Su Wu Shu San Xuanxiao Huang Di Zhao Zhiping years 1063 -1067 1064 -1067 ZHAO Xu Shao days of old canal de France Xiao-Qin Ren Sheng Jiangong English Liewu Emperor Zhao Xu 1067 -1085 1068 -1077 in Xining, the Genpo 1078 -1085 Following the Road of Song Zhe Xian Yuan Chin Hin Tak rated power Qisheng Zhao Xiao Wen emperor Wu Rui Zhao Xu 1085 - 1100 Yuanyou 1086 -1094, the Shaosheng 1094 -1098, the yuan Fu 1098 -1100 Huizong body of God work together Thomson Road, Chun Saint Rende strong constitution Cixian Xiao Zhao Ji, Emperor was built in 1100 -1125 in the Yasukuni Shrine in 1101, chongning 1102 -1106, the Grand in 1107 -1110, the governance and the 1111 -1118 year, weight and 1118 -1119, the publicity and the 1119 -1125 Rensiao in Song Qinzong Christine Shunde Emperor Zhao Huan Wen Year 1125 -1127 1126 -1127 Jing Kang Song Emperor ordered on full power and D'ZTE San Wulong Xiao Wen Zhao Renxian Emperor Zhao Gou Jian Yan 1127 -1162 1127 -1130 years, the Shaoxing 1131 -1162 system counterparts in Song Xiao Zhong Shao Kantons St. Ming Zhao Gongzhe text already been taken into the Emperor Zhao Shen Xiao years 1162 -1189 1163 -1164 Longxing, the roads in 1165 -1173 year, Chun Xi 1174 -1189 Constitution of the Methodist Ren Ming Gong Song Guangzong ProMOS Wen Wenshun Wu Shengzhe Cixiao Huang Di Zhao Dun Shaoxi years 1189 -1194 1190 -1194 prepared in Song Ningzong Heaven power Daochun Demao Christine Ren Xiao Wen emperor Zhao Zhe Wu Shengrui expanded 1194 -1224 1195 -1200 in Qingyuan, the Jiatai 1201 -1204, the opening of Jubilee 1205 -1207, 1208 -1224 Jiading Alliance in preparation Song Methodism strong revival of German great merit Emperor Wen Zhao Yun Ren Wu Shengming An Xiaohuang years 1224 -1264 1225 -1227 Baoqing, the Shao-_set_ In 1228 -1233, 1234 -1236 side in peace, Jia Xi 1237 -1240 year, Chun You 1241 -1252, the Po Woo 1253 -1258, the opening celebration in 1259, King _set_ in 1260 -1264 Song degree of these side civilization Wu Jingxiao Emperor Zhao Qi 1264 -1274 1265 -1274 years in Xianchun Gongdixiaogong Yi Song Emperor Zhao was St years 1274 -1276 1275 -1276 Blissful in Song Duanzong Yuwen Zhao Xiao Min Wu Emperor Zhao was 1276 In 1276 -1278 -1278 year for Yan Emperor of Song Wei Wang Zhao Bing, Cheung Hing 1278 -1279 1278 -1279 years on
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Song territory and political areas
Song Tang Chaofan learned the lessons of the town of separatism, an administrative division changed to "Road." Shido three years (997 years) began as a fifth way, including Jingdong, West Beijing, Hebei, east of the river, Shaanxi, Huainan, Jiangnan, Jing Hunan, Hubei Jing, Liang Zhe, Fujian, Nishikawa, Gap, Quang Nam Dong widely Southwest Rd. Xianping four years (1001) points Nishikawa order to facilitate the state, Yizhou Road, divided Gap Road to Interpreting, Azusa State Road. Sky four years (1020) points for the South East Jiangnan Road, West Road. Xining five years (1072) points for the North-South Road Beijing West Road, east-west sub-Huainan Road Road, Yongxing points for the Army in Shaanxi, Qin Feng Road. Then turn into something Road, Hebei Road, minutes to Beijing Jingdong stuff, something Beijing Road. Chongning five years (1106) in turn promoted Gyeonggi Road Kaifeng. Vision and four years (1122) Song covenant, agreement after the Song Liao off, and the clouds have Yanshan Rd Rd. Result was not _set_. Jian Yan crossed, the Song Dynasty _set_ up two of Zhejiang province, two west of Zhejiang, South East, Jiang, Nancy east of Huainan, Huainan West, Jing Hunan, Hubei Jing, southwest of Beijing, Chengdu House, Tongchuan House, Interpreting, Lee states, Fujian, Guang Southeast, Canton Southwest Sixteenth Street. Song of the administrative divisions and within the local political system can be described as light weight, the highly centralized. Although the disparate administrative regions to avoid the situation, but led to the local poor and the weak defense, but also to the final generation of foreign aggression more than Song.
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Song of population
Song there were only about 6.5 million households. According to "Genpo nine field" records, Yuan Feng (1078 -1085) of years, there are 1,600 million households. According to "History of the Song - Geography" records, chongning first year (1102) 2,000 million households across the country (actually separate ways add up to 1,730 million). According to research people today that Grand Song of 2,088 million households for three years, a population of about 11,275 million. Jurchen southward invasion, the Chinese population in the north again the phenomenon of a large number of Migration to the South. The south has two waves. The first peak is from the "Jingkang difficult" to "Shaoxing and discussion"; second peak is during the Jin Zhuliang southward invasion. Therefore a substantial increase in population, the South, according to estimates, the peak phase of the Southern Song Dynasty in the population, the country's population to reach 8,500 million. If Shaoxing Saer year (1162) compared with the first year Chongning, Liangzhe Road accounts increased by 26 million, increasing 420 000 South Road, Fujian Road, an increase of 33 million, increasing 240,000 Tongchuan Rd, Interpreting Rd increase of 14 million. Song of the large increase in urban population, 100,000 more than 50 cities, of which over 120 million people in Lin'an, Kaifeng population of over 100 million, was the world's two largest cities.
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Taxes and system of political and military
Song of the political system, political system in general followed the Tang Dynasty. But the prime minister is no longer held by the Executive, the three provinces, but the other sects in the book with the same Ping Zhangshi as prime minister. And additional Shenzhizhengshi as Fuxiang, commonly known as power, together with the prime minister "Zaizhi." The Power of Song sharp decline, is only responsible for administrative functions. Subglottic and the Privy Council in the book together two governments, civil and military power in the palm. Also _set_ the Salt and Iron, the Ministry, the Division III level support, the competent financial authority, known as the total province. This Third Division, Zaizhi, the senator checks and balances between the three powers, thereby undermining the relative rights, strengthening the imperial power. Song is also outside the Imperial Court and _set_ Advisors additional remonstrance, which are monitoring the organization responsible for matters such as impeachment. Taxes and the system of agricultural materials Song, roughly two-Tang tax extension, but the small tax increase. The runner is caused by very heavy burden on the people, so when the Political Reform Act are exempt from service implementation.
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Economy
Song can be described as unprecedented economic prosperity, agriculture, printing, paper, silk industry, the porcelain has a major development. Maritime industry, shipbuilding industry is prominent, overseas trade developed, and the South Pacific, the Middle East, Africa, Europe and other regions more than 50 countries trade. The development of the South the Southern Song Dynasty, contributed to an economic and cultural center of southern region. Agriculture Song Hing Water, a large area land reclamation, and pay attention to improved agricultural implements, agriculture developed rapidly. Many new form fields appear in the Song Dynasty, such as terraces (in the mountains there), silt soil (formed by water erosion of the land use of sludge), Sha Tin (sand of the sea Silting), frame fields (do raft on the lake, above shop clay into the ground) and so on. This substantial increase in cultivated area of Song. Shido years (996 years), the national land is 3,125,200 over a hundred hectares. Sky to five years (1021) to round-thousand five hundred seven thousand five hundred hundred hectares. A variety of new tools appear in the Song Dynasty, instead of cattle farming in the riding plow for planting the martingale horse. The emergence of new tools for crop production is also significant growth. Acres of farmland each year generally receive one stone, Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces can reach two to three stone a year. The introduction of the Northern Song Dynasty Emperor Song from Champa drought, early maturing rice seeds, and give JAC Liangzhe, later pointed meters south of the rice, also known as Champa rice, indica rice yellow. Yangtze River and Pearl River rapid agricultural development. Some northern crops millet, wheat, millet, beans, and came to the South. Cotton grown in the Fujian popular and widely areas. This tea throughout the Jiangsu, Zhejiang, Anhui, Fujian, Jiangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Sichuan and other places. Sericulture and hemp are also increasing the area. Taihu Lake region during the Southern Song Dynasty ranks first in the country's rice production, especially Pingjiang House (now Suzhou) as the representative of "the Soviet Union Lake cooked, the world is enough" (referring to Suzhou and Huzhou) or "Su Changshu, the world is enough" (referring to Suzhou and Changzhou) said. Busu over sugar cane, Zhejiang, Fujian, Guangzhou, and other provinces, sugar has become widely used in food, there the world's first operation on the system of ponds monograph: Wang Zhuo the "icing spectrum." Handicraft Song Ge ware - bottles of rice glaze ears Song of the major minerals including gold, silver, copper, iron, lead, tin, coal and so on. Metal deposits in Northern Song Dynasty to Song Dynasty Ge Kiln - m glaze ears are more than two hundred and seventy bottles, representing an increase of a hundred at the Tang Dynasty. Ren period, each year the gold more than fifteen thousand two, silver, more than nine thousand twenty-two million, more than five million kilograms of copper, iron, seven round-jin, ninety thousand kilograms of lead, tin Sasan kilograms. Song of the silk, linen, wool textile industry is very developed. Popular wool industry in Northwest, Sichuan, Shanxi, Guangxi, Hubei, Hunan, Henan, linen industry is well developed. To the Southern Song Dynasty, Leizhou Peninsula in Guangdong and Guangxi in southern become the center of the cotton textile industry. Chuanshu Liangzhe and the silk industry the most developed regions. Song Dynasty silk industry is still the most developed areas of the tapestry of homes, which is government-run silk workshops. And related printing and dyeing industry, and therefore is developed. Songchao Guan kiln, kilns throughout the country. Quyang when Ding, Hebei, Henan Yu Chau Ru, Yuzhou of Jun, Kaifeng kilns, Zhejiang Longquan kiln brother brother, Jing Jingdezhen kilns, Jianyang seven kilns were built kilns, and distribution in various parts of Many size of kilns, the production of porcelain exported overseas through the Maritime Silk Road, such as Japan, Korea, Southeast Asia, India, West Asia and other regions. Jun porcelain kiln in which the miraculous features and each of the rare production of the 36 highest ranked porcelain. Song Dynasty, the main paper materials including silk, bamboo, rattan, hemp, straw and so on. Sichuan, Anhui, Zhejiang, is a major paper producer. Sichuan, bits of cloth pad, the cold gold paper, linen paper, bamboo paper, Anhui Cream, Jerneh paper, millet paper, paper rattan Zhejiang are known. And even paper is, paper clothing, paper A-level. Mass production of paper and movable type for the printing industry provides the basis for prosperity. Song of the printing industry into three main systems, Imperial College officials carved carved system known as the supervisor of this book, and the carved folk Bookstore Square this book is called, the gentry of the books belonging to the family's own engraving Sike system. Tokyo, Lin'an, Meishan, Jianyang, all are all wide printing industry center at the time. Square inscribed in the book was the best in Zhejiang, said the Zhejiang, Sichuan and the second, Shu said this. Fujian Engraving order to win, said the construction of this, especially in the most Shazhen Jianyang Ma, Ma said the sand of the world. Books from the community popular culture. Among the books inscribed Imperial College Lin'an best quality. Song Books in the paper and ink well, layout Lichtung, fonts, rounded, sophisticated work, handed down rare, priceless known to later generations. Financial and business Crisis will be sub- Sub-sub-sector will be the first issue of the amount of penetration is only three million. The trunk is only four years, seven years, the amount increased to seven million issue of penetration. Fixed at ten million after penetration. Although the child's printed and will be on the Northern Expedition longxing, but due to the metal as a standard is not appropriate additional money, the currency will be sub-index has increased 300% or more. To Methodism Chunyou six years, will be sub-issuance increased by sixty five. Although children with the coins will be convertible, but would continue to depreciate child, both of rapid exchange rates lower. Zong Ning announced that eleven, twelve, thirteen sub-sector will be in circulation at the same time, it will burst like a child as much as water, soaring commodity prices like a wild horse that there will be sub-run phenomenon of coins. Jiading two years, will sub for industry. To old and new government regulations will be sub-exchange ratio of one to two, while the proportion of non-convertible will not press child, or confiscation of goods, and encourage the snitch revealed to each other. This child has announced that it would tantamount to credit bankruptcy. But it still failed to stop a wave of rejection will be sub will further depreciation of the child. Both serious inflation leads to social losses are lower middle class. Forced the government did not return copy of the family property, and financing of fourteen million will be consistent to recycle old child. Jiading until five years after the crisis died down. Since then, it will sub for industry has been unable to work correctly. Government in the event of financial crisis, will harm than to print money indiscriminately. Methodism Chikamasa, due to the sixteen and seventeen sub-sector will be a huge number, almost re-created inflation. Side ping to Luoyang, the Son and the coins will end flat from the early years of the exchange rate plummeted Nianwu percentage points. Shiba Jie sub-issuance will be even bigger. M gone up consistently every three hundred fighting the text, is twice Xiaozong ten years. Chunyou seven years, Methodism Ban Zhao, Seventeen, son Shiba Jie will never use. Hopes to curb rising prices. But more than two sub-text of the Shiba Jie will not even buy a pair of sandals are, and the paper would have been tantamount to child. King _set_ five years, Chia Ssu provides child Seventeen sector will all be replaced in January, Shiba Jie will be within the child, and will sub to "see the money off of gold and silver son," announced the child off the exchange ratio of children attending one to three. The results of inflation is more vicious attack. Overseas Trade Because of the Silk Road in northwest Western Xia barrier, coupled with the economic center of the south, starting from the Song Dynasty, the southeast coast of the port to become the new trade center. Tang Dynasty to the country with only a city of Guangzhou Maritime Affairs, responsible for foreign affairs. Song has in Guangzhou, Lin House (Hangzhou), Qingyuan Prefecture (Minnesota, now Ningbo), Quanzhou, Missouri Board Town, Jiaxing Prefecture (show state) Huating County (now Songjiang), Zhenjiang Prefecture, Pingjiang House (Suzhou ), Wenzhou, Jiangyin Army (now Jiangyin), Jiaxing Prefecture (show state) Gan Town (now the sea salt) and Jiaxing Prefecture (show state) Shanghai Town (now the Shanghai area) and other places to _set_ up specialized management of Merchant Shipping in Foreign Trade Division. Among them, Guangzhou, Quanzhou and Minnesota's largest. Quanzhou in the late Southern Song Dynasty also became the world's largest port and the maritime Silk Road starting point. Song overseas trade official business and merchant operating points in two ways, which also accounted for the bulk of private foreign trade. Genpo three years, the Song government enacted a "Guangzhou Foreign Shipping Law" is a trade in Chinese history. The city has also established various trade ports _set_ up, "Francisco", Monopoly foreign goods; "Fan Fair" for foreigners living; "foreign school" for foreign children to receive education, government also decided to develop a criminal penalty shall Fan providers. Now the city of Guangzhou and Quanzhou, there are still many fan off the tomb became a testament to the prosperity of overseas trade. Southern Song Dynasty, Song Dynasty in the junction with the establishment of gold and marble Monopolizing field to pass on. Song exports herbs, tea, cotton, horn, ivory, imported North beads, ginseng, fur, horses and other goods. There are a large number of people smuggling trade. Best Song coins as credit, is a large number of smuggled to Southeast Asia and West Asia, Korea and Japan at a time when more disabled your currency, use Song of money. Basic necessities such as customs change Clothing: thrift - a luxury in vogue. Food: meat and mutton for many Northern - Southern lamb price is high, most people can not afford to eat. Accommodation: Housing is more primitive people, a little off point to huts and tile-roofed house with people. Line: carts - mule - sedan chair. Southern officials do not lose office standard toilet Free translation "Ge Song recorded" Song officials is terrible working conditions, the Secretary Province also has a bathroom it: "National History Calendar Church Hill Road, where the east and north of a pigsty for the bath, hallway." Note further described below : "equipped with shower room and towel, basin, after the pigsty. analyzer Luan Secretary palm sweep, not dirty toilet seats, a net paper may not messy, can not stop sediment basin, towels not fouling, not wet rotten ground." Southern Song Dynasty in Hangzhou is the capital of southern heat and abundant water resources, so the community has a love of bathing habits down, Lin'an city of Bath on a lot of profit, as well as the formation of an independent in an industry --- "perfume line" ("capital discipline win "). As a private bath at home is common and normal thing, especially in summer stop sweating, body bath a day at least once. Song, flattered to describe the summer, "bath night" after the state of mind and body refreshed Miaoju everywhere. Therefore, the government offices located in the bathhouse culture is nothing but a reflection of society in general, the original lack of blame. More interesting point, here is the bathroom before and after the toilet ("pigsty"), making use of hand-washing basin, a towel is placed in the bathroom, officials, after using the toilet, to go to the bathroom to wash their hands to complete procedures, such spatial arrangement, but still with the modern living room which is very close to the toilet in the form ah!
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Technology
Song Dynasty, in the whole socio-economic, and cultural development, driven by science and technology has also been considerable progress. Song of the technological achievements of ancient China not only as a peak in the history of science and technology, but at the time the world has a leading position. Not to mention the other, on the whole development of human civilization have a significant and far-reaching impact on the four great inventions of ancient China, one of the three - movable type printing, gunpowder, the compass - is completed or started in the Song Dynasty application. Talked about the Song of science and technology, people often referred to Shen Kuo and his "Meng Xi Bi Tan." Shen Kuo, such as Dr. Joseph Needham to as "the whole history of science in China's most prominent figures," while his "Meng Xi Bi Tan" is "the coordinates of the history of Chinese science." However, in the Song Dynasty of scientific and technological achievements, must not only three great inventions, Shen Kuo and his "Meng Xi Bi Tan." Such as mathematics, can be described in the Song Dynasty in ancient China as the main computational tools in order to prepare for making the traditional mathematical development process, reached a peak level, in many ways have made glorious achievements, these achievements are far more than the same time on behalf of Europe. Such as the numerical solution of equations of higher than in the West for nearly 800 years earlier, multiple high-order equations and a solution-based solution with more than 500 years earlier than the West, higher than the finite difference method as early as 400 years, and so the West. Jia Xian, Horner, Yang Hui and other mathematicians, called the history of Chinese mathematics outstanding representatives. As for astronomy, physics, chemistry, etc., are also remarkable achievements of the Song Dynasty.
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ZTE four will
Liu Guangshi, Hanshizhong, Zhang Jun, Yue Fei 1, Liu Guangshi When the Southern Song Emperor anti gold generals, as the "ZTE four will be" one. Tert-word level, the security forces (now Shaanxi Yan An Zhidan County). When ordered to suppress the rebels in Henan Huizong Zhang Di, declared that because of work commitments granted, acting as Lu Yan Road, Mabu Jun Fu Zongguan. Jing Kang led his troops in the early frontiers, defeated soldiers in apricots Fort Summer. Kinbyo massive southward invasion, and Hanshizhong other shared by members of the Yangtze River, repeatedly _set_ exploits or calibration Pacific Insurance Division, before the house Douzhihuishi, sealing Rongguo Gong. Shaoxing years, for the disposal of the three pacify Beijing, led his troops against gold, after being recalled due to conferences and court advocates. Shaoxing seven years (AD 1137), cited illness stop to military power, thanks to a small division. Illness after the death of Taishi donated letters, Shi Wu Xi, Lu bestowed upon the king the king the first seven columns. 2, Hanshizhong Word Yoshiomi, South Song Dynasty star, Han, Suide County, Shaanxi Province, on the village acupuncture, a national hero. Tall burly, brave extraordinary. Impoverished, the army 18 years of age should be raised. Heroic, mind of military strategy, Huang swing in the south to eight thousand troops surrounded the Golden Army of water more than 10 million, to resist the invasion of the giant military exploits Jinbing Nan. Crown upright, attached to the prime minister refused to Qin Hui, Yue Fei was framed as the Mingbu Ping. The Southern Song Dynasty, an influential figure. 3, ZHANG Jun Southern Song Dynasty, where he had and Yue Fei, Hanshizhong, Liu Qi and said the four generals, and later as owners, to become accomplices of the murder of one of Yuewu Mu and Song Emperor to gain a deep pet. Feng Jun Wang Qinghe his later years, mighty. Shaoxing twenty-year in October, Jun-Da Pai feast to Feng Gao, leaving the history of China's largest banquet table. Historically, Zhang Jun and his ilk, who held in contempt, but this feast is known; Huizong poor performance, then Yi Yi painting was later revered. Shaoxing eleven years in February, Zhang Jun and Hanshizhong senator to rise, rise senator Fushi Yue Fei. Song Gao Jun-know, Qin Hui would like to withdraw troops right, then first you satisfied Xuan Fusi military power, Song Gao, Qin Hui Xuan Fusi momentum to strike three, also received Hanshizhong, Yue Feibing rights. Assist in the implementation of Qin Hui Jun-begging and policies, and Yue Fei and Qin Hui rebellion of unjust imprisonment, conspiracy to manufacture. 4, Yue Fei Yue Fei, anti Jinying Xiong, 20, join the army against gold. Aspect did not defeat the world more than ten years, Kinbyo sighed and said: "Han Shan Yi, Yue Jiajun hard to shake!" Shaoxing eleven years (1141) December 29, Qin Hui as "unwarranted" (Do not do; a person may have, is wrong) the charges will be poisoned Yue Fei Lin storm in kiosks, when thirty-year-old. Roads five years (1170), Song Xiao Zhong Chao Fu pilots, courtesy Gaizang, the temple was built in Hubei. Six years, thanks to Yue Fei Temple said Valiant. Chun Xi six years (1180), Shi Wu Mu, Jia Tai four years (1204) Song Ningzong, bestowed on Emperor Zhu Jiang Jin for the seven anti-king, king of Yue Fei labeled E. Yue Fei left, "Yue Wumu Collection" (also known as "Wu Mu testament"). Yue Fei as a national hero in our history, the sake of the general spirit of respect by people of all nationalities in China. Northern Expedition in apprenticeship, their dreams of grief eternal farewell mood to write under the "River Red" (feeling angry and lean on a railing at, drizzly rain break. Lift our sight, sky and shouts and grand, vehement. Thirty fame dust and soil, eight Trinidad and clouds. mo of words, the first white boy, empty sadness. Jingkang yet to be avenged; courtiers hate, when off! long drive cars, wear out those mountain. aspirations Hulu meat meal hunger, thirst joke Hun blood. to be from scratch, clean up the old mountains and rivers, overturned Que!) morale is still very inspiring works. The army led called "Yue Jiajun," Jin spread of "Han Shan Yi, Yue Jiajun hard to shake," the famous line that the "Yue Jiajun," the highest praise.
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Song (names)
Song Dynasty, Spring and Autumn Period Song Guogong son. "The Analects of Confucius Yong," said: "Good habits do not have the eloquent, while the beauty of the Song Dynasty, almost hard to carry on from Jinzhi Shi!", It shows that the knowledge of beauty too. According to "Zuo Zhuan" description, he, as defending the doctor, not only by the Duke Ling of Wei of ceremonies, but also with the wife of Duke Ling of Wei Di Mu Xiang Xuan Ms. Jiang Hu Kanako affair. Later, he and Sarkozy leopard, Kitamiya hi, Chu nursery teacher with rebellion, the spirit out of defending the public. Later, the public spirit of national recovery, Song fled to Jin, but because of the public spirit of the Southern Song Dynasty missing son's sake, he called back again. Once, Prince of Wei Xian Yu Kuai Kui Yu Qi, after Song, Song sang to him: "Lou Seoul established pig, He Ai boar I go?" Means that: You would only sow Praying for Children (child guidance ) Now that you have been met, why not return our pretty boars (referring to the Song Dynasty)? This is the phrase "Lou Ai boar pig" comes from.
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Time for discussion on the demise of Song
(If any breach of the interests you, please take discussion, not for the mouth, thank you!)
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English Expression
n.: the Song Dynasty (960-1279 A.D.)
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