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dōng kē (turdidae), què xíng mùdì yī kē。 dōng kē bāo kuò fēn bù biàn jí shì jiè gè dì dōng lèi, zhù yào fēn bù yú yà zhōu、 fēi zhōu hé 'ōu zhōu de qú、 shí、 yàn wěi yǐ jí 'ào zhōu de mù dōng hé chún dōng děng, gòng yuē yòu 47 shǔ 316 zhǒng, wǒ guó yuē 18 shǔ 80 zhǒng。 dōng kē duō shì zhōng xiǎo xíng míng qín, tǐ xíng hé shēng huó fāng shì yòu yī dìng chā yì, yòu xiē zài dì miàn qī xī, shàn yú bēn páo, yě yòu xiē shàn yú fēi xíng jí shù qī, zuǐ duǎn jiàn, shàng zuǐ qián duān yòu quē kè huò xiǎo gōu, shàn yú míng jiào。 hěn duō zuì zhù míng de míng qín dū shǔ yú dōng kē , rú 'ōu zhōu cháng jiàn de hóng xiōng qú( ōu yà qú、 zhī gèng niǎo)、 xīn jiāng gē qú( yè yīng)、 wū dōng hé wǒ guó cháng jiàn de gè zhǒng hóng wěi qú děng。 qí zhōng wū dōng shì ruì diǎn de guó niǎo, bìng bèi yǐn rù 'ào dà lì yà děng dì qū, hóng xiōng qú zé shì yīng guó de guó niǎo。 |
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dōng kē (Turdidae), què xíng mùdì yī kē。 dōng kē bāo kuò fēn bù biàn jí shì jiè gè dì dōng lèi, zhù yào fēn bù yú yà zhōu、 fēi zhōu hé 'ōu zhōu de qú、 shí、 yàn wěi yǐ jí 'ào zhōu de mù dōng hé chún dōng děng, gòng yuē yòu 47 shǔ 316 zhǒng, wǒ guó yuē 18 shǔ 80 zhǒng。 dōng kē duō shì zhōng xiǎo xíng míng qín, tǐ xíng hé shēng huó fāng shì yòu yī dìng chā yì, yòu xiē zài dì miàn qī xī, shàn yú bēn páo, yě yòu xiē shàn yú fēi xíng jí shù qī, zuǐ duǎn jiàn, shàng zuǐ qián duān yòu quē kè huò xiǎo gōu, shàn yú míng jiào。 hěn duō zuì zhù míng de míng qín dū shǔ yú dōng kē , rú 'ōu zhōu cháng jiàn de hóng xiōng qú( ōu yà qú、 zhī gèng niǎo)、 xīn jiāng gē qú( yè yīng)、 wū dōng hé wǒ guó cháng jiàn de gè zhǒng hóng wěi qú děng。 qí zhōng wū dōng shì ruì diǎn de guó niǎo, bìng bèi yǐn rù 'ào dà lì yà děng dì qū, hóng xiōng qú zé shì yīng guó de guó niǎo。
què xíng mù (Passeriformes) de yī gè míng qín kē, yóu dà yuē 305 zhǒng shì jiè zuì zhù míng de míng qín, rú dōng、 hé píng niǎo、 qú děng suǒ zǔ chéng。 chú nán、 běi jí hé yī xiē dǎo yǔ zhī wài, fēn bù yú quán shì jiè。 tǐ cháng 11.5∼33 gōng fēn (4.5∼13 dòu )。 huì xì cháng, tuǐ hé jiǎo cū zhuàng, xià tuǐ píng huá bù jù lín piàn。 qí zhōng bāo kuò xià liè lìng rén xǐ 'ài de míng qín ︰ yè yīng (Lusciniamegarhychos, jí xīn jiāng gē qú )、 xuán dōng (Turdusmigratorius) hé huáng hè sēn dōng (Hylocichlamustelina), hái bāo kuò shī gē zhōng tí dào de lán zhī gèng niǎo (Sialia shǔ ) hé wū dōng (T.merula)。 dì dōng (Zootheraterrestris) yú 1828 nián zuì hòu yī cì chū xiàn yú pí 'ěr (Peel) dǎo、 xiǎo lì yuán qún dǎo, jīn yǐ miè jué。 dōng (T.ulietensis) zì 1774 nián zài kào jìn tǎ xī tí dǎo de lài 'ā tè 'ā (Raiatea) dǎo、 shè huì qún dǎo fā xiàn yǐ lái, cóng cǐ zài méi yòu jiàn guò, jīn yǐ miè jué。
lì bèi duǎn chì dōng Brachypteryxstellata
bái fù duǎn chì dōng Brachypteryxmajor
bái hóu duǎn chì dōng Brachypteryxleucophrys
lán duǎn chì dōng Brachypteryxmontana
dà duǎn chì dōng Heinrichiacalligyna
bái diǎn qú Pogonocichlastellata
sī shì qú Swynnertoniaswynnertoni
lín qú Stiphrorniserythrothorax
bó shì 'ā kǎ lā qú Sheppardiabocagei
xū 'ā kǎ lā qú Sheppardiacyornithopsis
jié shì 'ā kǎ lā qú Sheppardiaaequatorialis
shā shì 'ā kǎ lā qú Sheppardiasharpei
dōng fēi 'ā kǎ lā qú Sheppardiagunningi
jiā bèi 'ā kǎ lā qú Sheppardiagabela
yóu shān 'ā kǎ lā qú Sheppardiamontana
tǎn sāng 'ā kǎ lā qú Sheppardialowei
'ōu yà qú Erithacusrubecula
rì běn gē qú Erithacusakahige
liú qiú gē qú Erithacuskomadori
hóng wěi gē qú Lusciniasibilans
'ōu gē qú Luscinialuscinia
xīn jiāng gē qú Lusciniamegarhynchos
hóng hóu gē qú Lusciniacalliope
hēi xiōng gē qú Lusciniapectoralis
lán hóu gē qú Lusciniasvecicus
zōng tóu gē qú Lusciniaruficeps
hēi hóu gē qú Lusciniaobscura
jīn xiōng gē qú Lusciniapectardens
lì fù gē qú Lusciniabrunnea
lán gē qú Lusciniacyane
hóng xié lán wěi qú Tarsigercyanurus
jīn sè lín qú Tarsigerchrysaeus
bái méi lín qú Tarsigerindicus
zōng fù lín qú Tarsigerhyperythrus
tái wān lín qú Tarsigerjohnstonae
mǎ dǎo què qú Copsychusalbospecularis
què qú Copsychussaularis
bái yāo què qú Copsychusmalabaricus
sài shé 'ěr què qú Copsychussechellarum
bái dǐng què qú Copsychusstricklandii
bái méi què qú Copsychusluzoniensis
bái tún què qú Copsychusniger
hēi què qú Copsychuscebuensis
chéng wěi qú Trichixospyrropygus
bái hóu qú Iraniagutteralis
hè xiōng qú dōng Alethepoliocephala
hóng hóu qú dōng Alethepoliophrys
qiáo luò qú dōng Alethecholoensis
bái xiōng qú dōng Alethefuelleborni
hóng guān qú dōng Alethediademata
bái fù gē bī Cossypharoberti
gāo shān gē bī Cossyphaisabellae
'ā shì gē bī Cossyphaarcheri
lǜ xié gē bī Cossyphaanomala
huáng hóu gē bī Cossyphacaffra
bái hóu gē bī Cossyphahumeralis
lán jiān gē bī Cossyphacyanocampter
huī chì gē bī Cossyphapolioptera
lú shì gē bī Cossyphasemirufa
bái méi gē bī Cossyphaheuglini
hóng dǐng gē bī Cossyphanatalensis
nán fēi gē bī Cossyphadichroa
bái tóu gē bī Cossyphaheinrichi
bái guān gē bī Cossyphaniveicapilla
bái dǐng gē bī Cossyphaalbicapilla
xué bī Xenocopsychusansorgei
zōng wēng dōng Neocossyphusfraseri
fēn shì wēng dōng Neocossyphusfinschii
hóng wěi wēng dōng Neocossyphusrufus
bái wěi wēng dōng Neocossyphuspoensis
bān hóu bī Modulatrixstictigula
wén hóu bī Arcanatororostruthus
'àn sè bī Pinarornisplumosus
lǐng chén dōng Cichladusaarquata
hóng wěi chén dōng Cichladusaruficauda
bān chén dōng Cichladusaguttata
lín sǒu qú Cercotrichasleucosticta
dōng xū sǒu qú Cercotrichasqaudrivirgata
xū sǒu qú Cercotrichasbarbata
hè sǒu qú Cercotrichassignata
hè bèi sǒu qú Cercotrichashartlaubi
bái méi sǒu qú Cercotrichasleucophrys
zōng sǒu qú Cercotrichasgalactotes
shā sǒu qú Cercotrichaspaena
fēi zhōu sǒu qú Cercotrichasminor
kǎ rú sǒu qú Cercotrichascoryphaeus
hēi sǒu qú Cercotrichaspodobe
wén méi sǒu qú Drymodessuperciliaris
lì yāo sǒu qú Drymodesbrunneopygia
nǐ wēng qú Namibornisherero
zōng yán dōng Chaetopsfrenatus
chéng xiōng yán dōng Chaetopsaurantius
hè lán shān hóng wěi qú Phoenicurusalaschanicus
hóng bèi hóng wěi qú Phoenicuruserythronotus
lán tóu hóng wěi qú Phoenicuruscaeruleocephalus
zhě hóng wěi qú Phoenicurusochruros
pǔ tōng hóng wěi qú Phoenicurusphoenicurus
hēi hóu hóng wěi qú Phoenicurushodgsoni
bái hóu hóng wěi qú Phoenicurusschisticeps
běi hóng wěi qú Phoenicurusauroreus
mó shì hóng wěi qú Phoenicurusmoussieri
hóng fù hóng wěi qú Phoenicuruserythrogaster
lán 'é hóng wěi qú Phoenicurusfrontalis
hóng wěi shuǐ qú Rhyacornisfuliginosus
lǚ sòng shuǐ qú Rhyacornisbicolor
bái dǐng xī qú Chaimarrornisleucocephalus
bái fù duǎn chì qú Hodgsoniusphaenicuroides
bái wěi lán dì qú Cinclidiumleucurum
lán dì qú Cinclidiumdiana
lán 'é dì qú Cinclidiumfrontale
lán dà chì qú Grandalacoelicolor
dōng lán qú Sialiasialis
xī lán qú Sialiamexicana
shān lán qú Sialiacurrucoides
xiǎo yàn wěi Enicurusscouleri
jī yàn wěi Enicurusvelatus
lì zhěn yàn wěi Enicurusruficapillus
hēi bèi yàn wěi Enicurusimmaculatus
huī bèi yàn wěi Enicurusschistaceus
bái guān yàn wěi Enicurusleschenaulti
bān bèi yàn wěi Enicurusmaculatus
zǐ kuān zuǐ dōng Cochoapurpurea
lǜ kuān zuǐ dōng Cochoaviridis
sū mén kuān zuǐ dōng Cochoabeccarii
mǎ lái kuān zuǐ dōng Cochoaazurea
tǎn shì gū dōng Myadestestownsendi
hè bèi gū dōng Myadestesoccidentalis
gǔ bā gū dōng Myadesteselisabeth
zōng hóu gū dōng Myadestesgenibarbis
hēi liǎn gū dōng Myadestesmelanops
duō sè gū dōng Myadestescoloratus
huī gū dōng Myadestesunicolor
lā měi gū dōng Myadestesralloides
lā nài gū dōng Myadesteslanaiensis
xià wēi yí gū dōng Myadestesobscurus
xiǎo kǎo dǎo gū dōng Myadestespalmeri
zōng hè gū dōng Cichlopsisleucogenys
bái 'ěr gū dōng Entomodestesleucotis
hēi gū dōng Entomodestescoracinus
cǎo yuán shí bī Saxicolarubetra
dà zuǐ shí bī Saxicolamacrorhyncha
bái hóu shí bī Saxicolainsignis
kǎ dǎo shí bī Saxicoladacotiae
hēi hóu shí bī Saxicolatorquata
fēi zhōu shí bī Saxicolaaxillaris
yìn dù yáng shí bī Saxicolatectes
bái wěi shí bī Saxicolaleucura
bái bān hēi shí bī Saxicolacaprata
hēi bái lín bī Saxicolajerdoni
huī lín bī Saxicolaferrea
dì mén lín bī Saxicolagutturalis
huáng wén bī Oenanthebifasciata
hēi bī Oenantheleucopyga
guān bī Oenanthemonacha
hēi bái bī Oenanthealboniger
bái wěi bī Oenantheleucura
shān bī Oenanthemonticola
suǒ mǎ lǐ bī Oenanthephillipsi
suì bī Oenantheoenanthe
bēi bī Oenanthelugens
fēn shì bī Oenanthefinschii
dōng fāng bān bī Oenanthepicata
hóng yāo bī Oenanthemoesta
bān bī Oenanthepleschenka
sài pǔ lù sī bī Oenanthecypriaca
bái dǐng bī Oenanthehispanica
hóng wěi bī Oenanthexanthoprymna
mò bī Oenanthedeserti
miǎn bī Oenanthepileata
shā bī Oenantheisabellina
hóng xiōng bī Oenanthebottae
xiū shì bī Oenantheheuglini
lián chì yán bī Cercomelasinuata
shī shì yán bī Cercomelaschlegelii
tè lā yán bī Cercomelatractrac
hóng wěi yán bī Cercomelafamiliaris
hè wěi yán bī Cercomelascotocerca
hè yán bī Cercomelafusca
wū yán bī Cercomeladubia
hēi wěi yán bī Cercomelamelanura
shān yán bī Cercomelasordida
gāng guǒ yǐ bī Myrmecocichlatholloni
yǐ bī Myrmecocichlaaethiops
nán fāng yǐ bī Myrmecocichlaformicivora
'àn sè yǐ bī Myrmecocichlanigra
lú shì yǐ bī Myrmecocichlamelaena
bái 'é yǐ bī Myrmecocichlaalbifrons
'ā shì yǐ bī Myrmecocichlaarnotti
guì hóng bì bī Thamnolaeacinnamomeiventris
bái chì bì bī Thamnolaeasemirufa
yìn dù qú Saxicoloidesfulicata
yán bī dōng Pseudocossyphussharpei
fǎ shì bī dōng Pseudocossyphusbensoni
mǎ dǎo bī dōng Pseudocossyphusimerinus
hǎi jiǎo jī dōng Monticolarupestris
shào shēng jī dōng Monticolaexplorator
duǎn zhǐ jī dōng Monticolabrevipes
'ān gē lā jī dōng Monticolaangolensis
bái bèi jī dōng Monticolasaxatilis
zōng huī jī dōng Monticolarufocinereus
lán tóu jī dōng Monticolacinclorhynchus
bái hóu jī dōng Monticolagularis
lì fù jī dōng Monticolarufiventris
lán jī dōng Monticolasolitarius
xī lán xiào dōng Myophonusblighi
huī liàng xiào dōng Myophonusmelanurus
xùn tā xiào dōng Myophonusglaucinus
mǎ lái xiào dōng Myophonusrobinsoni
mǎ lā xiào dōng Myophonushorsfieldii
tái wān xiào dōng Myophonusinsularis
zǐ xiào dōng Myophonuscaeruleus
sū lā shān dōng Geomaliaheinrichi
qīng bèi dì dōng Zootheraschistacea
mó lù jiā dì dōng Zootheradumasi
lì dǐng dì dōng Zootherainterpres
lì bèi dì dōng Zootheradohertyi
sū lā dì dōng Zootheraerythronota
zá sè dì dōng Zootherawardii
huī dì dōng Zootheracinerea
chéng bān dì dōng Zootheraperonii
chéng tóu dì dōng Zootheracitrina
'āi shì dì dōng Zootheraeveretti
bái méi dì dōng Zootherasibirica
'āi sài dì dōng Zootherapiaggiae
jī wǔ dì dōng Zootheratanganjicae
kē shì dì dōng Zootheracrossleyi
chéng sè dì dōng Zootheragurneyi
hēi 'ěr dì dōng Zootheracameronensis
huī sè dì dōng Zootheraprincei
'ào shì dì dōng Zootheraoberlaenderi
bān dì dōng Zootheraguttata
bān chì dì dōng Zootheraspiloptera
xùn tā dì dōng Zootheraandromedae
guāng bèi dì dōng Zootheramollissima
cháng wěi dì dōng Zootheradixoni
hǔ bān dì dōng Zootheradauma
'ā mài dì dōng Zootheramajor
hè shì dì dōng Zootherahorsfieldi
huáng xiōng dì dōng Zootheramachiki
lǜ wěi dì dōng Zootheralunulata
huáng wěi dì dōng Zootheraheinei
xīn bù liè diān dì dōng Zootheratalaseae
shèng dǎo dì dōng Zootheramargaretae
dà cháng zuǐ dì dōng Zootheramonticola
cháng zuǐ dì dōng Zootheramarginata
zá sè dōng Ixoreusnaevius
'ā zhī dōng Ridgwayiapinicola
dà dì qú Amalocichlasclateriana
xiǎo dì qú Amalocichlaincerta
kǎ tǎ dōng Cataponeraturdoides
tè lǐ sī tǎn dōng Nesocichlaeremita
lín dōng Cichlherminialherminieri
chéng fù yè dōng Catharusaurantiirostris
huī bèi yè dōng Catharusfuscater
chá sè yè dōng Catharusoccidentalis
hēi zuǐ yè dōng Catharusgracilirostris
hóng dǐng yè dōng Catharusfrantzii
hēi tóu yè dōng Catharusmexicanus
bān yè dōng Catharusdryas
zōng yè dōng Catharusfuscescens
huī jiá yè dōng Catharusminimus
bǐ shì yè dōng Catharusbicknelli
sī shì yè dōng Catharusustulatus
yǐn yè dōng Catharusguttatus
huáng hè sēn dōng Hylocichlamustelina
dàn yǎn dōng Platycichlaleucops
huáng tuǐ dōng Platycichlaflavipes
fēi zhōu dì dōng Psophocichlalitsipsirupa
yě mén dōng Turdusmenachensis
gǎn lǎn dōng Turdusolivaceus
lǜ zōng dōng Turdusolivaceofuscus
kē mó luó dōng Turdusbewsheri
lì bāng dōng Turduslibonyanus
fēi zhōu dōng Turduspelios
fēi zhōu luǒ yǎn dōng Turdustephronotus
huī bèi dōng Turdushortulorum
dì shì dōng Turdusunicolor
hēi xiōng dōng Turdusdissimilis
wū huī dōng Turduscardis
bái jǐng dōng Turdusalbocinctus
huán jǐng dōng Turdustorquatus
huī chì dōng Turdusboulboul
wū dōng Turdusmerula
dǎo dōng Turduspoliocephalus
huī tóu dōng Turdusrubrocanus
zōng bèi dōng Turduskessleri
hè tóu dōng Turdusfeae
bái méi dōng Turdusobscurus
bái fù dōng Turduspallidus
chì xiōng dōng Turduschrysolaus
yī dǎo dōng Turduscelaenops
chì jǐng dōng Turdusruficollis
bān dōng Turdusnaumanni
tián dōng Turduspilaris
bái méi gē dōng Turdusiliacus
'ōu gē dōng Turdusphilomelos
bǎo xīng gē dōng Turdusmupingensis
hú dōng Turdusviscivorus
hóng tuǐ dōng Turdusplumbeus
zhī gǔ dōng Turduschiguanco
wū qú dōng Turdusnigrescens
dà zōng dōng Turdusfuscater
hēi dōng Turdusinfuscatus
huī bèi dōng Turdusserranus
'ān dì sī dōng Turdusnigriceps
shí dōng Turdussubalaris
hēi guān dōng Turdusolivater
qiān dōng Turdusreevei
mǎ lā dōng Turdusmaranonicus
lì fù dōng Turdusfulviventris
zōng fù dōng Turdusrufiventris
nán měi dōng Turdusfalcklandii
dàn xiōng dōng Turdusleucomelas
dàn fù dōng Turdusamaurochalinus
měi zhōu shān dōng Turdusplebejus
hēi zuǐ dōng Turdusignobilis
luó shì dōng Turduslawrencii
dàn tún dōng Turdusfumigatus
bái tún dōng Turdusobsoletus
háo shì dōng Turdushauxwelli
hè bèi dōng Turdusgrayi
luǒ yǎn dōng Turdusnudigenis
bān zuǐ dōng Turdusmaculirostris
chún sè dōng Turdushaplochrous
bái yǎn dōng Turdusjamaicensis
bái hóu dōng Turdusassimilis
nán měi bái jǐng dōng Turdusalbicollis
zōng bèi qú dōng Turdusrufopalliatus
zhōng měi dōng Turdusrufitorques
lǚ dōng Turdusmigratorius
hóng fù dōng Turdusswalesi
bái kē dōng Turdusaurantius
shí guǒ dōng Chlamydochaerajefferyi |
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- n.: turdidae
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