6th century BC, the Han Zhang Daoling founded a religion, I was taught Feng Zu, Northern and Southern Dynasties catching
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Moral Education
Moral education. "Mozi, under non-Confucianism": "Officials died there will be chaos, agricultural relief is poor. Poverty and chaos, times of politics, and Confucians believe that Taoism is a world of people who are thieves." "Book of Jin Wang Shen Chuan" : "Nine people in the county, ham'yol Taoism to changing attitudes." "Ming Shi Xiaoyi transfer order": "Emotion is watching his shock, a sense of heaven and earth, move the gods, the water can not How the fire can not burn, beast can not harm, the mountains no resistance, were left Tianrang, line Zhuo ancient enough to help the tree Taoism, the late Tun Li vulgar, Tsunatsune from which does not vanish, which maintain the gasification. "
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One of the major religions in China, Eastern Han Zhang Daoling according to established traditional folk beliefs, prevalent up to the Northern and Southern Dynasties
One of the major religions in China, Eastern Han Zhang Daoling according to established traditional folk beliefs, to the Northern and Southern Dynasties began to flourish. Feng Yuanshi Tianzun, Lord Lao Zi as its founder. Initially, Taoism is required to pay five dou of rice, so called "Five Pecks of Rice Road." Jin and Yuan after hours is a whole really two schools. "Zhoushu Wu Tai Chi on the": "Dec Kimi, set the ministers and Salmonella, priests, etc., God elevated seat, has identified three religions Buddhism to Confucianism as the first, Taoism as the second, after Buddhism." Ming Feng Meng-long "dream Mei Lei concept in mind a sense of Dreams": "I is the eighth Song emperor was also, early closure Duan, into the Order of large systems, a good Taoist elements, alias Emperor Chun Road."
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That Buddhism
Refers to Buddhism. Southern Liang Dignitary "Monks scriptures demand that the next Bamo": "﹝ ﹞ Youqian Salmonella law Emperor Wen Long, Road, Chong, Dao-chun, Wang Bi Prayer, and to send a letter to Ba Mo and the Buddhist monk woman Mrs. Wang multi-gamma, etc., will be the Greek Song Gu clinical environment, popular Taoism. "
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Expounding Taoism
Taoism is one of China's major religions. The formation of the Eastern Han Dynasty to the Northern and Southern Dynasties prevalent. Taoists revered as the founder of one of the Heavenly Master Zhang Ling Road, which is also called the "Heavenly Master Taoism." Then differentiate into many factions. I was taught Taoism Feng Zu, known for his "Lord Lao Zi." Because of the "Tao" as the supreme belief that the "Tao" is the very essence of the universe metaplasia, hence the name. Han Zhang Daoling creation of the "Five Pecks of Rice Road" to the beginning of Taoism's stereotyping. Northern and Southern Dynasties religious forms gradually complete. Dan Feng is teaching the old ancestors, the revered "Lord Lao Zi." The "moral" (or "I"), "is upon" and "Peace through hole" as the main classic. The highest three-Qing Feng God. Dignitaries from the reality, alchemy immortality. Taoist view of the first National Road, is located in Luoyang Shangqing Gong.
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The historical development of Taoism
道教历史发展
道教历史发展
Our ancient ancestors that animism, and then had a reverence for nature, the worship, the soul of worship, ancestor worship, ancestors and gods gradually developed into one, a supreme god of the prototype. Early worship spirits have existed in the primitive society. Ancestors of the moon and stars, thunder and lightning storms, mountains He Yue, are regarded as God to dominate, resulting in a sense of awe, is on the worship. Ancestors was a natural addition to that animism and worship, but also that the immortality of the soul after death, which has generated the worship of spirits. A variety of funeral rituals and sacrifice to devils, exorcism ceremonies, gradually formed. "Bamboo secretary of the year" contains: "Huang Di Beng, the minister left a few dressed thorough check of the temple worship of the rod." To the Shang Dynasty, prehistoric nature worship has grown to believe in God and destiny, initially formed as the central deity of God the system, failing to have the Wuzhu requests to God through divination to answer; the original spirit worship has grown to the blood, based on a combination of patriarchal relations and ancestor worship, the worship activities regularly. This has occurred during communication between spirits and humans specializing in religious professionals - Wu Zhu. Witch seance in which to dance and have a spell of exorcism and witchcraft; wish to words Wyatt God, a religious festival in the temple to pray for MC is responsible for those. They help people heal, divination good and bad, drawing, etc. Fu execration. At that time dominated the state and society are governed by Wu Zhu. The further development of the Zhou Dynasty spirit worship, the worship of the spirits has become god, ghost, to only three systems. And to worship the gods and worship ancestors parallel world known as the Respect standard ancestors. The so-called cover almost all the day, people almost ancestors. Primitive society in ancient times, has been started to learn cents. Contains the history of the Yellow Emperor Xuan "and war and learn Sin" "Yellow Emperor asked, in wide as the child", after the success of monasticism in Dinghu day dragon heaven. Emperor, Empress, mystical side to the gradual combination of Taoism and Taoist School Road evolution. Eastern Han Dynasty when Shundi (126-144 years), Zhang Ling in Shujun He Mingshan (now Dayi County, Sichuan) founded the Five Pecks of Rice Road, Granville Road, also known as being a Union.
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Worship the gods of Taoism
Taoism is the worship of polytheistic religion. A wide range of worship Taoist gods, only the following are some influential persons of higher status and more. Taoist Sanqing 1. Yuanshi Senior's three clear that, Lingbao Senior, moral Tianzun. They are the supreme Taoist god is indeed the "Tao" one of the three. "Three Clear" was started in the Six Dynasties, but this time the "three clear" means more than "three Chingjing", that is too Chingjing, jade, and the Chingjing Chingjing were God Baojun, Tian Jun, Lingbao Jun The three major gods live. Later, the "three clear" only gradually as the Yuanshi Tianzun, Lingbao Senior, Senior's prevailing moral code name, and the "three Chingjing" has become the place of residence. 2. Four Royal is second only to three of the four pillar of clear and specific means: the Great Arctic Ziwei (total Royal million stars), the Great Antarctic longevity (in charge of human longevity), Imperial Palace, the Great on the hook Chen (governing million Lei), Edward Wong to only follow the example of soil behind (in charge of yin and yang, birth, the beauty of all things, the earth mountains and rivers of the show.) 3. All stars in the Taoist god of the stars of God's position is high, there are five Yao (Five Star) - Jupiter, as (Jupiter), the town of Star (Saturn), Futoshi (Venus), Chen Xing (Mercury), Ying Huo Xing ( Mars). East and West in addition to the "five bucket Xing Jun", and Ershibasu Xing Jun, Ziwei stars Jun Yuan, Tai Wei Yuan stars jun, jun-day stars such as city wall. Among them, the most popular worship is "Dou Mu." "Doumu" as female, she gave birth to the legend Big Dipper, the power to heal & P down. In addition, the Big Dipper, the South is also very popular with people fighting Xing Jun worship, according to "Ren Jing" statement, Compass Lord died fighting south of main, so many people held "Compass would," "South fighting will." God in the various stars, there are four influential Ershibasu Xing Jun. Ershibasu, Oriental seven places (C., Kang, Di, house, heart, tail, Kei) dragon-shaped form, called Dragon; South seven places (well, ghosts, Liu, Xing Zhang, wing, Zhen) composed of a bird-shaped, said Suzaku; Western seven places (Kui, Lou, stomach, Ang, Bi, mouth, ginseng) tiger-shaped form, called the White Tiger; north seven places (bucket, cattle, women, virtual, risk, room, wall) formed Guixing, called basalt. Dragon, White Tiger, Suzaku, basaltic collectively, the "Quartet of God." 5. Jade Emperor Jade Emperor in the eyes of ordinary people seems to be the highest of the gods of heaven, but some people think its the highest god by the Shang Dynasty "Imperial" or "God" from development. In the early Taoism "true souls industry map", the "Jade Road, Monarch" and "high on the Jade Emperor," the name, but its order bit is not high, just behind the right place at the Yuqing Palace, the first triple November and nineteenth bit. Song Dynasty, Emperor Zhen Zong Xuan Zhao Long said it was the remote ancestor of the orders of the Jade Emperor sent down grant bible in CONSERVATORY, so special on the Jade Emperor Xiao Yue "too on the opening day of executive experience with Fu Yu Dao really great Emperor Jade Emperor," and add after the labeled Huizong "too on the opening day of executive experience with real character Dao Yu Hao Tian Jade Emperor God", thus greatly improving the prestige of the Jade Emperor in the folk, popular belief that open to the Jade Emperor. Taoism and more to the Jade Emperor as the "three clear" under the "Four Royal" one, thought he was second only to the "three clear" and "Consul General of the masters of the universe of the king", whose function is "Cheng Sanqing the life, police Ziwei the court, "" small special palm, big application was. " Ninth day the first month the Jade Emperor on Christmas Day each year, Taoist and folk to hold more "Jade will be." 6. Wenchang Wenchang is the star of this name, also known as Wenquxing or paper stars, in ancient times was considered the auspices of the text Yungong name stars, specifically refers to the Han Dynasty is the fourth star in heaven Wenchang Palace - Siming stars. It becomes believed in Taoism and folk Wenchang, God is with Xiu's Zitong Zhang Yazi (also for the evil child or Zhang Zhang chalky sub-) related. Rebellion, the Emperor avoid chaos Shu, Zhang Yazi apparitions had dreamed of, and bestowed on his left prime minister; Tang, Tang Xizong to avoid the chaos of Huang Chao Shu, and pro Zitong worship God, bestowed on the king Shun Zhang Yazi for the economy. The Tang emperor worship God Zhang Yazi Zitong then pass by the local worship of God as the great God of the world. Song Dynasty, the emperor was Zitong seal of God repeatedly, and because of experience and even predict the civil service examinations are very much reading the letter to the people. Yan Yu Yuan for three years (1316), Yuan Ren Chi Feng Zhang Yazi for "Secretary Lu Wen Kai Fu Hung Jen Yuan Emperor," and imperil the country as a loyal, Xiao Jia, Yimin, and just God, bringing God Zitong God and then combining two Wenchang Star one, known as Wenchang. After the Yuan and Ming, and more built around the Wenchang Temple, Wenchang and other people more than in February, held three days of the birth of Wenchang, "Wenchang will." Taoists worship more than just a small part of the gods. In fact, thousands of Taoist worship of the gods, they more than held Praying in the law will come when you are kindly invited, such as the Tang and Song Dynasties in the "door Kefan Big Collection" "custom door" and other Taoist classics that included a large number of Taoist name of God. In addition, the deeds of all deities in Taoist classics also made many records, such as the Han Dynasty "immortals Biography", Jin's "fairy Biography" and the Yuan Dynasty's "historical truth cents Dao World Chronicle" and so on, all in mind the enlightenment of the ancient gods do. Note: there is no Hongjun Taoism, land pressure, the town of Motoko and others, these are the novels made up of people.
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The source of immortal
First, from the primitive religion of the worship of ancient Chinese objects 1, nature worship Heaven, earth, sun, moon, stars, thunder, power, wind, rain, mountains, rivers and so the object of faith, to worship and deified. Such as land, Xing Jun, Thunder, electric home, the wind Peter, rain division, mountain, river god and so on. Impact of traditional theology, is to recognize and study the primary factor lineage of Taoist immortals, the primitive society of China gradually to the human nature religious religion (ie religious theology) transition, roughly in the Yin and Zhou era, Yan Renchong still spirits, such as divination, leaving a lot of Yin Ruins inscriptions. Zhou's spirit worship, in the "Zhou Tai Zongbo" Reporter: "Da Zongbo the post, palm Jianbang the gods, who ghost to the ceremony", the gods have Haotian God, the moon and stars, the wind division, rain division , to a boat, Sacred Mountains, mountain Lin Chuanze, four soaring, people are also ghosts the first ancestors. Religion in Ancient China is gradually enriched on this basis the formation of the gods, earth and man ghost worship system, which is the main source of worship Taoist gods. 2, totem worship To an animal or plant as objects of worship. Such as dragon, phoenix, bears, tigers, black bird, flower, locust, etc., become the Dragon, Huaxian and so on. If the males Oroqen said the "Ya Ya", which means grandfather, said the mother bear was "too Tie", which means grandmother. Evenki tribe called the public of the Bear "and g" (grandfather), the mother bears for the "bad me" (grandmother). Miao, Yao, She's Panhu legend. 3, ghost worship Such as Yama, black and white impermanence, the King of Ghosts and so on. Li said that as a major content of religion, and primitive religion Enshi Tujia people the most important elements. Under the influence of the Taoist faith, worship the ghost of the Yao people, whether individuals praying exorcism, or a collective exorcism Chuxie, the religious, who presided over the ceremony, prayers gods, who help them such as exorcism Chuxie Taoism have been obvious, that the ghost of the original worship of the Yao has become an important part of Taoism. 4, reproductive, ancestor worship For example, the Yellow Emperor, the Three Sovereigns and Five Emperors and so on. Yi, Yao, Jino, and many ethnic Han Chinese. Second, inherited the worship of saints Confucius, Mencius, Guan Gong, Yue Fei. Early Taoist classic "Great Peace" have "saints", "wise men" worship. And the "true mind supernatant Assembly of Immortals", "true souls industry map", "supreme Miyao," and "Taoist Famous" and column three kings Yao, Shun, Yin Tang, Zhou Wu, Duke, the Han emperor, Liu Bei, king, etc. , and thinkers sages Confucius, Yen Hui, Mo Di and so on. Third, the religious factors on the construction of Taoist lineage also have important implications Many Taoist sects, from the beginning of its founding, the highest god in the first on some differences. Five Dou early when its founding, to Lord Lao Zi as the leader, dedicated to the "three officials" to Wei, the Northern Wei Kou Qian of the Heavenly Master Taoism, because of their shared "Fearless of the place" by the "clearing of Taoism "of life, was" sound clouds were chanting the precepts of new subjects, "20 volumes, are false," Lao Zi "in the name, for which he is still worshiped Lord Lao Zi has become inevitable. Peace Avenue began when its founding, the latter worship of Taoism, worship "in the yellow Taiyi." In the late Eastern Jin Dynasty, the supernatant faction, Lingbao sent one after another, new "supernatant" "Haven of Hope" by the no longer respect God as the supreme Lord Lao Zi. Supernatant sent to King or too Yuanshi Yu Chen Road on the king the most respect, revere and Lingbao sent to Yuanshi position too most noticeable on the road king, Lord Lao Zi also listed some of the classics, but the arrangement of lesser status. Later, in consultation with the parties, the integration of that "road is not no Master, no sovereign can not teach, so Road Laojun Shitai on Jun Yan Yu Chen, Avenue, Jun Yuanshi Tianzun that the disciples." Consensus, it is in The mentoring relationship, to enable them to become Trinity's "three clear deity" for the immortal gods in the highest pedigree. In addition, the parties have created their own school live, deacon, and other gods. Taoism in the absorption of a variety of primitive religions, folk religion, based on the myths and legends, and gradually formed its own lineage gods, and with the original local religious or fusion, or the formation of the aggregate expenditure in the form. Taoism is also constantly developing and changing, it is often with other religions, people's tendency to desire interaction. Several thousand years, Chinese Taoism, Buddhism, Islam, Christianity and other sects Row although there are often contradictory, but not too large outbreak of religious war, it is worth celebrating.
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Taoist martial art organizations
Many Taoist internal martial art, from the distribution of different names show different prospective. According to theoretical divided charitable school, classic camp, Talisman camp, Dan Ding faction (faction saver), accounting for five school experience. Dragon martial, by region, Laoshan camp, with the mountain camp, the case of Mountain Pine, Mountain Pine, Dayushan School, Old Mountain School, Heshan School, Huoshan School, Wu-Tang Clan and so on. Shaoyang by people sent there by (Wang Xuanfu), Zhengyang sent (to Li Han), Shun Yeung camp (Lu Tung-pin), sea toad camp (Liu Cao), Mitutoyo camp (Chi Master), Sazu camp (Sa Shou Jian) , Ziyang faction (Bo-side), Wu Liu camp (Wu Chong Xu, Liu Huayang), Chung Yeung camp (Wang Zhongfu), Yinxi School (off Yin), Golden Hill School (Sun Xuanqing), Yan Tso camp (Yan Xi Yan) and so on. BI faction divided by the door (Lao Zi), the South no camp (TAM Department, Switzerland), quiet camp (Sun Fuji), Jinhui sent (together the Code), is to send B (Zhang Emptiness) and Qing micro-camp ( Ma Danyang), angel sent (Lvchun Yang), basalt send (true Tati), net out camp (Xu POSTS), Yunyang school (Chang, old), nothing to send (Tie Po), Yunhe camp (Xiangu), sent saver (obviously drunk), Yu-line camp (Qiao Yang human), Lingbao camp (Tsu), so an education (Xiao hold Jane), Chen Tao (Chongyang), is a teaching (Zhang speech), vacuum camp (drums ancestors) , Tie Guan camp (Tsu), Japanese New School, The School of Nature (Chi Master), congenital faction, Guanghui pie. There is a history (Zhang Ling Road), Sect (Lvchun Yang), North cases (Quanzhen), true bulk (Chang Ching-chi), so a (yellow holes I), five bulk of the points system and Taoism, Taoist , Haven of Hope Road, four clearance to send the sub-micro-channel method. There are moral, congenital, Lingbao, is a Qing Wei, Jing Ming, Yu-tang, the heart eight days to send the statement. Now the decline of many sects, denominations known surviving Quanzhen the north, the south is a religion, Maoshan teaching, Laoshan teaching, Wudang teaching, teach, and Lu Shan in Hong Kong, Taiwanese folk Taoist sects.
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Taoist organization
China Taoist Association, the local Taoist Association provincial, regional and municipal level, the local Taoist Association.
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Taoist magic
Taoism word originated from "Zhuangzi. World chapter "『 see "Chuang world chapter" 』, and" alchemy "," side technology "is a meaning, human Taoism also known as" Xianshu, "the. Taoism Taoism are engaged in many, such as divination, charms, Chi limitless, Jinzhou, inner alchemy, Wai Tan, yellow and white fire, refraining, line □, room, Xianyao, convinced and so on. Song Danlin "Book of General" had brief introduction of Taoism, said: "The quiet one that is also covered; refining keep a say; take another to say; charms another to say; another classic science to say." He said the book of Taoism Chuang out, the talk is pure inaction, and slightly raised, and refining; Chisongzi, Weibo Yang Lian Yang do not speak only made clean; Lu Sheng, Tao Shao Jun, Luan made big statements without taking the Lian Yang; Zhang Ling Road, Kwun modest charms do not speak the words of Yang Lian, taking; Guangting the following talk about the classic science. Taoist art of many, is divided into five categories, five patients about Taoism explained as follows: First, the Hill The so-called "mountain" is through the prey, building the base, Hyun Code, martial arts, spells and other ways to practice "body" and "spirit" in order to achieve a full physical and mental learning. Prey - the use of tonics, wine and diet to enhance physical strength, a method of treating disease. Build the base - is the use of meditation methods to control the fine, gas, god, thus to improve physical methods. Hyun Code - is the Laozi and Zhuangzi based on the idea, thus achieving a spiritual cultivation methods. Boxing - are practitioners of various martial arts to enhance the body's methods. Charm - is a psychic, practicing magic, and its main role is to ward off evil town of ghosts, good fortune, etc. A side surgery. In short, the "Mountain" is the use of meditation, practice, martial, diet and other ways to develop a satisfactory knowledge of personality. Second, medical The so-called "doctors", is the use of prescriptions, acupuncture, spiritual treatment and other methods to achieve to maintain health, a method of treating disease. Prescription - is made using a variety of drug powder, pills to treat a disease and practicing alchemy. Acupuncture - Acupuncture and moxibustion harmony that is the use of people's context, the principle of blood circulation, stimulate the affected area to treat the disease alchemy. Spirit of governance - the use of the human mind to grasp (mental state), then the treatment of human disease, a side operation. That is now the title of the "psychological treatment." In short, the "doctor" is to use formulas, acupuncture, spiritual governance approach to the treatment of human diseases and a method. Third, the life The so-called "life" is the fate of the way through the reasoning to understand life, with a vault of natural law, thus improving the life of a science. Used in order to push the author of "Astrology", "sub-horizontal push life," "Star level will be the sea" and so on. Its way to the time of birth and the yin and yang, five-act theory. In short, the "life" is presumed fate, thus achieving the good fortune of learning, to improve the human development needs. Four-phase The so-called "phase" generally include "Indian phase, were compared, one phase, the home phase, the tomb of phase (feng shui)" other five, in order to observe the phenomenal world exists in the physiognomy of a side operation. India-phase - is watching people chop, in order to get Destiny's method. In China and India, before the certificate of power. Name phase - is the name or the name of the shop, through the five-grid split-phase, while the use of numerology to infer good or bad fortune with the development of such a method. Of people's - and congratulating each face is divided into two categories, by observing the surface of the hand line and color and pattern of the Appreciating good and bad, pathology methods. Home phase - that is, feng shui mansion in order to observe the pattern analysis to infer the human live a good and bad side surgery. Tomb phase (Feng Shui) - that is, Amityville Horror, to bury their ancestors through the election, to achieve the shade of the descendants of a side operation. In short, the "phase" is the object seen on the eye for observation, a method to achieve good fortune. V. Bu The so-called "Bu", which includes fortune-telling, the election Kyrgyzstan, measuring three Board, the purpose is to predict and deal with things, the type of divination which can be divided into "easy off" and "Liu Ren God class." Divination - the so-called divination based on the "Book of Changes" as the theoretical basis, with day, people, places constraints inferred between three realms of the good and bad ways. _Select_ Kyrgyzstan - major works as "Qi Men Dun Jia," as represented by the layout, cloth bucket, charms and other combination of treatment factors in the development of things is not Kyrgyzstan, which are mainly used in ancient military. Measurement Bureau - major works by "the number of Taiyi God" as the representative of the images of the art through the second operation, is projected the country's political destiny, fate, history, mathematics variation of the technique.
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Taoist practice
Health ★ ★ ★ Martial Arts Inner Alchemy Taoist practice, there are many ancient names, such as cultivating, self-cultivation, cultivation, culture, health, health, longevity, etc., then surgery. So forth. Now generally referred to as "practice", "practice" or "health." Practice the meaning of life is the repair of refining. Of that spirit of life refers to the body, a certain way is through practice and methods of physical and mental self-control, to achieve "days of my life that I could not help," the lofty purpose.
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Taoist ritual
Taoism is a Taoist ritual behavior in everyday life specification. With the precepts of the difference is, discipline is clearly down with provisions, violations must be punished. The Taoist ritual is the most basic behavior norms, and offenders are considered misconduct. Meter range are part of Taoism, Taoist ritual was complex, small to daily call, large walk out. Everything has a certain degree of etiquette at the same time, a spiritual or Feng Tao style of the external ritual is a manifestation of their moral training.
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Taoist figures
Fu Xi Guan Yin Zi Huang Di Lao Zi Lie Zi Yan Junping He Shang Gong Mao Ying Zhang Ling Wei Boyang Yellowstone Zhang Yu Ji Zuo Ci Ge Xuan Xu Xun Ge Hong Kou Qianzhi Luxiu Jing Tao Hongjing Sun Ssu Chia-Li Rong Wangxuan view Xuanying Yun Wu Sima Chengzhen Guangting toad Xiao Peng Liu Lǔ Dongbin Tuan Thai Xuedao Guang Nan Shi Bo Bai Yuchan end of Weng Baoguang Xiaoting Zhi Liu Peng plow Quanzhen Tan Ma Yu Qiu Department at the end of Liu Xuan Cao Wenyi Wang Chuyi Hao Datong Daochun Sun Fuji Zhang Jun Zhang San Feng Sun Xuanqing Sun Ruzhong room like Wang Xing Wu Chong Xu Luxi Wang Chang May Liu Yiming Huang Shou-Gen Fu in the MIN Xiao-Li Han Jin-Quan Liu Huayang virtual Huangyuan Ji Wang Dongting Xusong Yao Liu Rui Zhao Chen Yingning to avoid dust
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Dong Tian Taoist thirty-six blessed with seventy
The following are priests, according to Tang Dynasty, Sima Chengzhen "World House House map" in order of Ten Cave: Little has Qingxudong days, big free tomorrow, so the total days of Tai Xuan, Sanxuan very real day-day treasure room nine cents, on the Yuqing Ping Shan, Zhu Mingyao real days, Jintan Huayang days left God Visits the virtual day into Germany hidden Tien Thirty-six small cave heavens: Hollington Cave, Cave Xuan Peng, ZHU Ling-Dong Tian, Xianlin Cave, Cave entrance, Sima Cave, virtual Mausoleum Cave, Cave GOSPEL days Chishui Cave Hill, will be very Kang Dong Tian, Xuande Cave , Dong Tian Tian, the Health on the Cave, the day the Division Cave, Xuanzhen Cave, true of the Cave, too Le Cave, a large jade Cave, Yiu Po Cave, Po Yuen Cave, Cave show music, bao Cave, Dong Tian Yang concept, too yuan Cave , Hua Miao-Dong Tian, Jin Ting Cave, Danxia Cave, Xiandu Cave, Qingtian Cave, Zhu Cave, too raw Cave, good often Cave, purple mysterious Cave, canopy Cave, the White Horse Cave, Jinhua Cave
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History of Chinese Taoism】 【books
Preface Looking at the historical development of Taoism can be divided into four phases: Northern and Southern Dynasties, Taoism get the support of the emperor and nobility rulers, among the elite, this is its first period of development, Tang Chaohuang I claim kinship with the family, claiming the descendants of Li Er, give political support, vigorously promote the Taoist, this is the second development period. Northern Sung emperor Chen Tsung began, people intoxicated with their own paralysis of Taoism in order to cover up the shame caused by the north arrives powerful neighbor, which is the development of the third period of Taoism. The mid-Ming, Emperor Taoist superstition, vain attempt to become immortal, Taoist attention, and interfere in politics, participate in the power struggle within the government, which is the development of the fourth period of Taoism. The wording of the article only the easiest way to sum up the history of Taoism discussed the most important and most basic theoretical knowledge, so that those unfamiliar friends for the Daoist one of the most direct understanding of complex academic theory and discourse, This article does not explain much, if you have a deep interest in the Taoist, it may find a lot of information on various aspects of Taoism to enrich their knowledge. Taoism and other religions, is a historical phenomenon, has its place, the development process. Not go the same way the early sects, in the same area and the formation of the same period, and in a very long time without a unified and stable Mission organizations, which limit the History of Chinese Taoism very difficult to identify. Recorded in the early groups and the presence of Dan Ding Fu School, but the birth is a complex process. Dan Ding sent clear focus on practice support, and there are Dan of the points outside the inner alchemy and its predecessor is the fairy alchemy and qigong health science, which is evolved from the Warring States period. The late Eastern Han Dynasty, the "Great Peace" and "Kinship," began to form early Taoist theory, but no corresponding Taoist organization. Inner alchemy by the Wei and Jin Dynasties, "Huang Ting Jing" and the outer Dan by "Bao Pu Inner Chapters" Despite the social impact of large forces of their social organization is still weak. "I" and "Chuang Tzu" has become another important source of Taoism generated. Thus, the process of production of Chinese Taoism is a multi-source, multi-channel approach and gradually made. Mutual influence between the various sects, but basically is an independent development, the time before and after the phase error, there is no uniform teaching of specific record time at all. Christian name and the church has no uniform title, the term channel seen in Taoism, "Lao Zi." So can see the emergence of Taoism can be "peace through" "Kinship" "I think the note" three books as Taoism and Taoist physical activity a sign appears. The main sources of early Taoist and social background are as follows: The first comes from the ancient religion and folk magic, the second from the Warring States to Han's immortal legends and alchemist alchemy, Taoist philosophy and the third from the pre-Qin Qin Taoism, Confucianism and the fourth from the thought of yin and yang, the fifth from the ancient medical knowledge and physical health. The Historical Origins of Taoism was born in the late Han Dynasty, Han Dynasty it was the product of ideology and culture is an integral part of the Han Dynasty, is a profound social causes. During the Han Dynasty sent directly contributed to the formation of Dan Ding. Another flourishing of Buddhism and Taoism to stimulate and promote the generation effect. "Great Peace" is spread so far the earliest Taoist classic. Its main idea is: 1. Gasification secret doctrine, 2. Three concentric syncretism. That advocates monarch, minister, public straight coordinated coexistence. 3. Yin and yang of Calamity said. 4. Heaven fairy interlinked system "Great Peace," the gods for the God-man system of a second for the live, three for the immortal, four as a Taoist, five for the Saints, six as a sage. It has two theological systems: the Yin and system and Immortal system. This is a parallel relationship between the two, God take charge of day, live the Lord, the Lord immortal rain, the Taoist bishop of good and bad, the people attending the sage, sage auxiliary saint. "Kinship" is the Taoist theory of the earliest works of Dan Ding school. The central idea is to use the tips of the yin and yang of the Tao, of Participating Ziranzhili Taoism, alchemy things about the fire, essentially by a foreign Dan. The text difficult to understand the ancient Olympics, and its true meaning is elusive. "I think the note" is a better understanding of the teachings and five Dou important information theory. Five Pecks of Rice Road and Peace Avenue biggest difference is that it not only has not been that kind of tragedy Peace Avenue, but later in the evolution of the Heavenly Master Taoism to become the authentic Taoism. Chapter occasion of Wei and differentiation of the spread of Taoism Chapter sent Ge Hong and Wei Jin Danding Road Hong, Chih-Chuan word, number argumentation. Born in 283 Emperor Wu Tai four years. Thirty-five at the age of completion of "Bao Pu" in articles and papers outside the two articles. Prescription within the article discusses the gods, ghosts change, health and prolong Celestial Theory, gains and losses outside the chapter discusses the world, Confucianism and other things Statecraft by country. Relationship of their teachers: Zuo Ci - Gexuan - Zheng hidden - Ge Hong. The main point is that gods exist, and mortals can learn to become immortal and monasticism cents immortality. Stressing that everyone learned and move to the subjective cents monasticism is determined, the Masters, diligence requirements. Ge Hong in the "Bao Pu Inner Chapters" that line when the gas in the gas, as well as Japan and China from the middle of the night the six hour. Another six hour day is dead air time, when the gas line in the dead air than good. Practicing should be gradual, starting with the nose breathing, the mouth is spit, so that less smoke and more spit, smoke still silent to my ears vomit hear, a feather on the nose and mouth and not move on, to try to extend the inspiratory time to start breathing. Beginner to the hearts of a few hundred and twenty dark, and then spit it out slightly, and gradually the number of exercises to be a thousand or more. Finally, to be able not to muzzle Hush income, such as births among the law even if the master of the fetal breathing. Another account of the law can keep a mysterious fractal, that is two places at once. A person can appear dozens of themselves cloned image. This way is also called the Mirror of fractal Road. Fractal technique can be truly inspired, from the body are reflected in its soul in the three souls and seven, also received the Spirit to-day only, the god of mountains and rivers in servitude. Master Jiang Qi Ge granted another treasure, namely: "Three Sovereigns text" is the first book of Fu Road, which with the "Five Sacred Mountains true shape map" is the most important book of spells. San Juan ban the provision of the text can be evil, pestilence, tigers troll, top five hundred evil and so on. Division can be summoned Siming Jun Wei Wu Yue. "Five Sacred Mountains true shape map" is a plane used as a spell mountain diagram. Later turned into pure charm. Ge Hong's "Bao Pu Inner Chapters" come out, in a sense, is the position he stood on top of early Taoism Taoism made history summary. Enrich the Taoist theory, his great influence on later Taoism, mature, Dan Ding faction, also marks the end of early Taoism. Eastern Jin and Southern Chapter Reform and Development of Taoism In the Taoist history, Eastern, Southern and Northern was a major turning point in this period, Taoism as powerful family clan class transformation, experienced a significant change from the early primitive naive five Dou evolution for the complete maturation of the religion, from the main transmission Mission Road in the private sector rose as the official recognition of the orthodox religion, when China's south, is the Taoist main areas of change occurred. Since the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Buddhism and Taoism flourished, the need for a large number of new classical spread its teachings. Indian Buddhist scriptures can strike, but only modified the previous generation Taoist books and scriptures of Buddhism for Kam. After the Eastern Jin Dynasty after the new road out of the "Three Kings by" "Ling Bao Jing" "supernatant by the" Road through the three most important groups. After the three-Dong Zhen. "Three Kings by" burned in the Yuan Dynasty, has been lost. In the "Taoist" in the "hole eight Royal wonderful essence of God by" a lot of San Juan retained by the Road Law, of which there are the most superior ninety-two spell, the runes on behalf of some of the gods to only, the official day of Sin will, the saying Sidu monarch, evil soul conceal fine Surname. Ascetics have to swallow it like a book or wear by law, they can call spirits Hall ghost. Learning can be described as the most humanitarian law spells direct and effective way. "Five Sacred Mountains true shape map" is a similar channel Shipei the plate seal, that God pro-Ying Kwan Ling Feng. "Lingbao by the" Ge's family is spread by a group of Taoist scriptures. The "five-character sequence Lingbao" three volumes were published in "Taoist" number. Health Immortality book content. Volume is convinced meditation on the art of taking the vegetation in the prescription volume for the next sheep to wear or swallow the character and the immortality of the law recorded. In summary, based on the Five Elements of Taoist practice to construct square technique, all the above by Eastern Lingbao common features. Thus forming a Lingbao camp, focusing on fast science and education, persuading save people, is Lingbao sent two notable features. The Southern School of the land formation and retreat, Song Wenming closely related to other priests. Hongjing born in AD 456. After the Southern Song, Qi, Liang three dynasties. At that time the prime minister called for the mountains, door scholars. Southern dignitaries during their worship have studied under the prominent position was evident. Hongjing in the actual research operation will be strictly health patients, alchemy, medicine practice should be used for sending the final form of Taoism supernatant basis. He will Maoshan (southern Jiangsu Province of the original sentence of this song Shan) into the supernatant of Taoism and the center base camp. So send in the supernatant was also known as Mao Shanzong. Ms. Wei Feng Yang Xi is the first generation, or master, to "the National Tsing Hua Dong Zhen Jing" Story-based portal dedicated to the highest Yuanshi revere God, but also learning Lingbao, San Juan and Method of Taoist and recorded by. Maoshan to the Formation of marks since the Jiangnan Shi Ge Hong's family since the immortal Taoist Taoism mission to transform the old, the creation of the official completion of the orthodox Taoist.. Hong King also created the perfect system of Taoist gods, the gods scheduled seating. The three formed a clear assessment of the three deity God said. Yuqing Yuanshi Senior's said that after the supernatant; supernatant Lingbao Senior said Ling Bao Jing; Taiqing San Juan by the moral respect that. During this period, Taoism and the introduction of the concept of hell. Luo Feng Kuei to a northern mountains, six spirits Palace House. Hongjing unified system will be summarized god complex, integrated a "true souls industry map." Will appear in the nearly seven hundred Taoist gods, said the taboo in the form of maps listed. The aim is to make the yogi to understand: the surreal world of fairy spirits really have a clear hierarchical order. During this period, Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism and three religions utmost, in order to expand their social impact, competition for position as the authentic ideas and culture, Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism, the contradiction between the struggle Yulai intensified war of words with three to start debate. Despite this, the three parties is always able to reconcile with each other because all three can be accepted that the feudal gentry, can be compatible with both literati. In summary, Eastern, Southern and Northern Taoism changes to Hongjing from Ge Hong, basically come to an end. After this period of transformation of Taoism, the teachings have been a more complete theory and classical literature, establish and improve their families and the relatively uniform ring ceremony, church organizations, enrich and develop the practice side surgery, the formation of a unique fairy belief systems, and expanded in the ruling class and ordinary people in the impact of completion of the official from the civil religion to the evolution of religious orthodoxy. In the Western Jin Dynasty after the minority rule in the Northern territory of the sixteen countries, there have been transforming the old Taoist Taoism events, forming a new Kou Qian F, Taoism and the concept of channel allocation. Sixteen States in the north, like Zhang, Jia-Qing Xu Shouzhi to, for the purpose of cultivating health, reclusive mountain, move the loose Taoist groups together a lot of followers. This Kou Qianzhi (AD 365-448) of a great reform of Taoism. His book, "Laojun tone by chanting Commandments" (now included in the Road, possession of the only remaining force a roll size) announced that five Dou rid of the old backward ways of some law. He Confucian rites to clear the entire Taoist organization, against abuse and against the transfer operation room taking Xian Fang mass chaos, and in particular emphasized the need for fast power for the health of the search for immortality. Subsequently he was a "record figure Scriptures." The book is not only a reform of the Taoist classic, is also a God of Prophecy-style book. After the completion of the reform of Taoism, Kou Qianzhi ready to defect to the feudal rulers down the mountain, helped the country achieve Sato life, the desire for the king division, so that the orthodox Taoism became the official religion. After its transformation as Taoism, the Han rulers for a powerful family Xianbei landlord needs, coupled with good market skills Kou Qian and status of prominent aristocratic Cui Hao been favoritism, and finally received official recognition and official support in the North Wei Daxing up. Tang Taoism Part II Sui and Tang dynasties, especially in the Tang Dynasty, is the comprehensive development of China's Taoist one of the boom. By Emperor Wen childhood raised by the nuns, claiming I Hing from the Dharma, Buddhism very seriously. Provisions of the order of the three religions is the Buddha as the first, Road to time, Confucianism is the end. In the nearly three hundred years of rule in the Tang Huang, Taoism has always been nurtured and worshiped, ranking first in the three religions. Late of Lu Tung-pin, inner alchemy Lǔ School became the patron deity. Chapter VI of the Sui and Tang Taoist metaphysics and political philosophy Wei has been little attention by the Taoist The Taoist writings, included in the Taoist Tai Xuan radicals upon as the most widely Tang Dynasty, the most influential channel through. Taoism in the Tang Dynasty established a very systematic and Taoist philosophy. Is the metaphysics of the Road: Guchang nothing, trying to use Essences; often, trying to use the micro view. Both, but with a different name, with that of the mysterious, occult, all the wonderful door. Act, the law of the heavens, Tao, Nature. The so-called Road of living beings is the endowment in the same channel or channel of the same sex. Beings that is the Road, Road in living beings, all visible, all in Road of. Taoism in the Tang Dynasty worshiped, both political advantage, but also the emperor of personal belief, but still the main political advantage. One is to make use of Taoist gods of the imperial power divine, in order to achieve the purpose of deification of imperial power and imperial. The second is to use some magic to Taoist Chi Ming Zuo States, and its essence is the use of religion for the purpose of social stability. The third is the use of Taoist exhortation to maintain the three cardinal guides and the five permanent members punishing evil feudal ethics. The fourth is to suppress or oppose the use of Taoist Buddhism, shamanism and other sects of the spread and development. The fifth is the use of Taoist quietism as a country of strategic thinking and good health. The six-party technique is to use the immortal longevity in order to become immortal. Since the Northern and Southern has been suppression of Wei Wu Dichong Road, Buddha, Emperor Wu Tsung Buddha Road, Yu Wen Yong suppression Road destroyed the Buddha, Emperor Wen, after the first Buddha, Tang Dynasty is the Honors suppression Buddha. Wu is the first, after the Buddha, Emperor Honors suppressing Buddhism. The major event was primarily for political considerations, and the prevailing political struggle are closely related. Emperor is the historic worship of the Emperor Taoism. In his reign of nearly half a century, throughout the worship of Taoism, thus bringing the overall development of Taoism into prosperity. Chapter VII of the Taoist theory of the formation of concentric Sima Chengzhen (AD 647-735) of Baiyun Zi, and his Taoist philosophy can be summarized as: 1. Road on the strength. Is the Road is the origin of the universe. 2. Focus on Life Sciences, Fitness and self-cultivation practice. His practice is divided into the Heart of Taoism in turn respect the letter, following the edge, win their hearts, simple thing, really view, Thailand _set_, attain the seven steps to complete. Chapter IX of The Ring teach Taoism A variety of Taoist sects, each faction has a gap between the Master grade. So teach the scriptures are also different. Generally speaking, said many people outside to teach his disciples in the vulgar, is enshrined in a letter to teach his disciples after a clear, Muslim disciples, the official can be called is a Taoist Taoism, Taoist priest and then was promoted from the hole is a God sent San Juan disciples, supreme Cave Master of God; then become a high school high Xuan Xuan Xuan disciples too high on the Master; then moved for the sector within the education Sheng Xuan Xuan sent his disciples, Master Sheng Xuan; to a level as Dongxuan Master, Master Dong Zhen, three holes Master , Master hole. After only appellation by Master Dong Zhen, no matter what the original is sent, can no longer be a large ring, the highest level of Taoist Master board positions. Chapter X Legal memo teaching of Taoism Viagra is an EU law memo: it is studied under the Northern and Southern France since the division is one day total collection of memo. It is called a Union Pacific on the thirty-five Verbatim memo. The highest maximum too, is that Lord Lao Zi, the three people with God that heaven and earth, five are yellow in the total number of sperm per stick. Is a law memo began Zhang Ling Road, the Southern and Northern Dynasties of Kou Qian, Lu Xiujing memo finishing the law applicable to Taoist factions masterminded Praying activities. Too, on the lad a general memo - it is the first Heavenly Master Zhang Zhengyi Taoism culture will be the memo; too much on being an official cents seventy-five General memo - the memo to grant Yang Men; too much on being a general memo Lingguan seventy-five - Yin memo to grant women; too much on the three to five is a hundred and fifty-League General memo Viagra Faerie - commander of the yin and yang; too much on the Third Five-Three is a general memo AU Wei; too much on the three to five days of being a league all nine Feng Wei breaking offensive memo; too much on the Third Five-Step is a Star Alliance Wei Gang memo; too much on the Third Five-Hundred is a ghost called memo AU Wei; too much prestige on the cut three to five thousand is a league memo ghost gods; too much on the three to five positive Tai Xuan Wei League ban for a gas transmission on four; too much on the three to five days Wei Ling is a Union officer chopped red evil memo; too much on the three to five chapters is a complete Indian Union Welldo memo; is a four product rule memo. Chapter XII Tang and Song Dynasties Evolution of Taoist Thought Taoist Immortals are the fundamental purpose of practice is the core of Taoist religious ideas. Changes of Taoist thought reflects the same historical evolution of China's feudal society. Shih Tang Dynasty to Song Dynasty, Chinese history during a period of turmoil, resulting in changes in the content of Taoism and Taoist elements of change. Bong Road at this time who seek gods generally have several categories: first, hidden in the mountains, no smell of, such as the Pan Early divisions are. Second, the research side surgery fine, full of sexual fidelity, or alchemy combined drugs. Such as Liu providers (after Wang Jing of Zhongshan). Third, different operation conditions the body and fled in the Xinghai, and optical mixing folk, hidden in the Marketplace. Such as Sun Deng. Social unrest in the late Tang and Five Dynasties, to the monastic ranks of those who added to the two types of people: one of which is hopeless career, Hermitage Forest, to the Taoist find sustenance. Some resign not do it, to escape known to the world, the kind of people Luo Yin, ZHENG Yun-old man and so on. Another type of people specializing in surgery of the human side of Taoism, in order to protect themselves in troubled times, or survival, or rescue poor and weak. Details View "Taiping", "JAC different people recorded" and so on. Appeared in the Late Tang Dynasty Taoist pursuit of these two figures, but the greatest impact on the later a representative of Lu Tung-pin is transferred to the gods. After the Late Tang Dynasty Taoist pursuit of people with the more practical purposes, virtually within the Taoist Confucianism to Taoism heretics into more Confucianism. The impact of this result, the formation of the Southern Song Dynasty Taoist Quanzhen prepared the conditions. The idea is god: god can be shaken into thinking. The second is the birth of gods and the gods became immortal salvation is not high in the open sector, the gods could be the next world country and people in suffering. This also affected the thinking of Taoism saver to the process of transformation to the Ruling Trickery. In Quanzhen gods are no longer far away in the outside world beyond the earthly, but rather to changes in lifting, longevity forever magic figure. The magic fairy fewer colors, more colors of human nature. Three religions is the Tang and Song Dynasty general trend of the development of religious thought. This idea is also reflected in the formation of Lu Tung-pin faith in the Song Dynasty. As Dongbin belief in the widespread impact of the Song Dynasty, Song Dynasty were regarded the formation of North and South Quanzhen absorbed into their faith to their own sects. Quanzhen Sect founder of Bo-side, founder of the North were Quanzhen they build up their relationship with the Dongbin of succession. Elixir to Quanzhen account for all, is one group left in the traditional spirit worship and the alchemy of the spell. This period also appear the legend of the Eight Immortals. The evolution of Taoist thought, in fact, a self-renewal. It is this emergence of the Song Quanzhen updated results, Chen Tao of Taoism can be established bush, so that Taoism Unification Church began the mass organizations and the law clearly descent, since the Yuan Dynasty was designated as the basic Taoism and the whole truth is a two- Big Pine. Since the end of the first generation of Taoism also scattered and caught up in existence. Song, Liao, Jin and Yuan Dynasties, four hundred years, the Taoist entered a new stage of development change. During this period, all kinds of very sharp social contradictions, especially ethnic conflicts. The rise of Taoism, developed, and through the relationship between the age of deep ethnic tensions. Following the Tang Dynasty, Song Dynasty Chinese Taoism and a prosperous period. Song is the history of foreign threats and internal problems of China's period of up to 113 times the peasant uprising, in this social context, not only did not the Song Dynasty Taoist religious outbreaks of social unrest, but steadily towards prosperity, the emperor of the Song Dynasty that Taoism and management attitudes and Song government is closely related to Taoism. Also during this period a large number of new gods are introduced. From Fuzhou to Matsu overseas, such as Wenchang, new sects everywhere, such as Maoshan, together soap Hill, Fu Shan Dahushan recorded three is granted provided the Song Dynasty recorded location, a school record three major sectarian character. Overall, the Song of the letter on behalf of Taoism is without doubt, that the development of Taoism has played a positive role. Within the centralized government recorded a Central Road School, the local channel is the Secretary to strengthen the management of Taoism, Taoist temples _set_ up a series of internal management rules and regulations to strengthen the approval of the establishment of temples and limitations. Officials _set_ up a system of road crown. Official Crown Road Song is the most complex system, the most complete period. The requirements of the provisions of Taoism: the first is in line with age, the parents agreed to the second, the third is not illegal back vulgar and the fourth is to gift division. Taoism has provided the level of the hierarchy of purple division number. Provides live only for Gods, Kinmen Yu-off, Goldsmith is Shiyuki noble people in, refining division is the general Taoist priest. Division number is representative of the Government gave the emperor the title of monk, it has the gift of political identity, Road, School Road or number is good for the person of another name for the road, taking the title of their own casual. To sum up knowledge, is both to take advantage of Song Dynasty and limit the policy to limit the number of temples to prevent the direct producers of social decline. Constitute the management system of Chinese feudal society, the basic framework of Taoism. Dan outside the experiment after several hundred years to the late Tang, and finally make people aware of the immortal Dan said outside the absurd, in this condition, the inner alchemy that by the time immortal sky to a _set_ of deep philosophical basis of the contents of the mysterious Yang Lian has become the Taoist school of learning surgery, and formed a sect-based practice inner alchemy - mainly popular in the Southern Song Dynasty and the rise of the Jin-saver to send the Taoist. Overview of Inner Alchemy Bo-side, with rough to Zen, the first post of the characteristics of life, advocates from the traditional life of the door inner alchemy start repairs, repair order, stressed that innate essence to be used as drugs, refined essence of the soul to be with true meaning of the main people of main.
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Encyclopedia
Daojiao Taoism The status of China's feudal society, second only to Buddhism, Confucianism and traditional ideology and religious beliefs, because of the "Road" as the highest faith, it got its name. The so-called "Road", is the origin of all things, everywhere, we know not visible. Produced in the Eastern Han Taoism, continues to this day in history played an important role. The late Eastern Han Dynasty, Taoism appeared Peace Avenue and the five Dou two sects were popular in the community and have more close-knit organization and standardization of scientific ring ceremony. Peace Avenue leader was active in Jizhou opening angle (? ~ 184), claiming to be "big virtuous teacher", to draw the human healing spell words. He expounded "Peace Ching book" some of the concept of equality advocated poor relief. Quartet sent his disciples to preach, the Department of followers to thirty six, generous thousand people, six or seven thousand small square, the Legislative leaders. Zhongping first year (184), opening angle rate of followers launched the Yellow Turbans. After a failed uprising, Peace Avenue gradually disappeared. Five Pecks of Rice Road, is the active leader in the Shu, Hanzhong Zhang Ling (? ~ 156). His broad strokes of followers, humanely by a five-meter bucket, it said five Dou. Five Pecks of Rice Road to "Lao Zi" classic text, so that believers learning of books. Zhang Ling died, his grandson Zhang Lu in Hanzhong established a theocratic regime for thirty years. No division since Jun Zhang Lu, who said Guicu beginner Road, for a long time by the channel number from believers who libations, the collar all, more than those for the Governance large libation. Also for the meaning of homes, the road may free food meaning rice and meat, the amount of abdominal and foot. Followers against the law, in the quiet room in the thinking before, Mihara (that is, pardon three times) and then punishment. After the fall of Zhang Lu Cao Cao, Five Pecks of Rice Road, was able to save, and absorb some of the followers of the original Peace Avenue, becoming the only sect of Taoism. Three Kingdoms Three Kingdoms, Western Jin Jin, the five Dou developed Tianshi. Taoism and the saver sub Fushui school camp. The former still use the first pass (ie, self-reflection before), Fushui medical treatment, etc., in private communication; saver by the latter, the room for the ruler of surgery and other means to hack service. But on to the monarchy, aristocracy and the bureaucracy down to the channel are very few, Taoism advocates have not yet become the ruling class religion. After the fall of Western Jin, frequent wars, social unrest, people are very depressed spirit, Sui Wei Taoism and the development of a favorable social environment. Eastern, Southern and Northern on the one hand, the lower proliferation of people who believe in Taoism, they often claim to the incarnation of Lord Lao Zi Li Hong was born as deities, organized uprising. The famous Eastern Jin Sun En, Lu Xun uprising, is a five-Dou for the organization and launched. On the other hand, are found to have the upper ruling class who believe in Taoism. Such as the Eastern Jin Ai, Emperor Jianwen, Northern Wei Ming Emperor, Emperor too, higher gentry such as the South's Langya Wang, Gao Ping Xi's, Hueiji Hung, Chen Jun Yin Shi, northern Qinghe Cui, Fan Yang Romer, Jingzhao Wechsler, believe in Taoism. Then start from the folk religion of Taoism to the ruling class of religious conversion. However, there is the doctrine of Taoism confusion, difficulty in practice, organizational slack, lax law issues such as families, are difficult to adapt to the political requirements of the ruling class. Thus, the early years of the Eastern Jin Dynasty in Northern Ye Zhinan appeared Taoism reform. The reform, re-by law in the South in general moral principles, production doctrine, worship merit pay attention to the north is to clean up road regulations. Eastern ago, the Taoist classic quite indiscriminate. Ge Hong (about 283 ~ 363), "Bao Pu" is written by various types of road, there are two three hundred, a thousand four to five volumes. Jin Ai Ning years (364), when, Yang Xi, II Xu (Xu Mi, Xu □) production by the supernatant and the "true □" (the so-called Laojun Qinshou the language). Subsequently, the beam Hongjing (456 ~ 536) based on the essays in this "true Patent", then the supernatant faction in the establishment of Taoism. Supernatant to send only value chanting, repair merit, but also to keep the main god, that makes a hundred God Shoushen can be immortal, soaring too pure; and advocated the simplification of religious practices, demote the old houses of Taoism in the art. The end of the Eastern Jin Dynasty, Ge Hong Ge Sun Lingbao was produced just after the nest, Liu Song Lu Xiujing (4
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Buddhist Encyclopedia
】 【Taoism (the term) the right path of education also. Wuliangshoujing on said: "work out the world, light illustrates Taoism." With the following saying: "announced Taoism, Duanzhu suspected network." Kou Wei Qian later that the ghosts of the name. (See: Taoist priest). However, Buddhism as the Mongols still called Taoism. Origin Siyue Mongolia: "Sakyamuni Buddha in the top Idolization blessed Zhao, large gold and silver treasure in the Buddha facilities, plus a very respected. Xiuming Taoism." Again, he said: "Compliance by former Taoism and the line, then rely on Taoism , to enjoy ease. "Buddhism is the case, said the book of Taoism in many ways, a little record or two in the remaining cases.
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English Expression
: Daoism
n.: Taoism, Daoism (Chinese system of beliefs)
French Expression
n. taoïme
Thesaurus
Daojiao Village
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Throughout the country priority Cultural relic Preserve denomination
collected Taoist scriptures