To ensure the normal operation of the ship, and crew members, passengers normal activities and life of equipment and systems collectively. Sometimes i.e. marine power plant.
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lún jī
Steam turbines, gas turbines and hydro, etc. referred to
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No. 3
Ship engine
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No. 4
That access to opportunities. Ming Lu mining "Huai Hong Kee Chi House meeting with language": "edge of light because light is not sub-engineer, even heartbroken poem Spring and apart from the empty, staring across Utah Department right close End of the World."
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No. 5
Turbine short. Qu, "Journey to the Land of Hunger" 14: "Engine Rolling for harmonic vibration, smoke spewing gas boom, flapping in wind around into the clouds."
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No. 6
Ship on the power machine.
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No. 7
Gas turbine is a continuous flow of gas as the working fluid to drive high-speed rotating impeller, the fuel energy into useful work of the internal combustion power machinery, is a rotating impeller-type heat engine. China in the twelfth century on the Southern Song Emperor years has been a revolving door of the record, it is the turbine (turbine) of the prototype. Late 15th century, Italian Leonardo da Vinci designed the gas rotating device, the principle and the same revolving door. To the mid-17th century, the turbine principle in Europe has been more applications. In 1791, the British gas turbine Barber for the first time describes the work process; 1872, Germany Shi Tuoer policy designed a gas turbine, and in 1900 to 1904 were tested, but has been unable to disengage the starter fail independently; 1905, the French and Amand Ge Lemerre made first to the gas turbine output power, but the efficiency is too low, and thus not be practical. In 1920, the Germans made the first practical Holtz watt gas turbine, its efficiency is 13%, the power of 370 kilowatts, according to isometric heating cycle work, but the isometric heating cycles the way to intermittent heating deflagration, There are many important shortcomings and been abandoned. With the aero, it mastered the compressor blades in gas flow characteristics of the diffuser, to solve the design of high efficiency axial compressor problems, which emerged in the mid-1930s, the efficiency of up to 85% axial compressor. At the same time, turbine efficiency has also been improved. In the high-temperature materials, there can withstand temperatures above 600 ℃ and other heat-resistant chrome-nickel alloy steel, and is thus a higher initial temperature of the gas, so the isobaric heating cycle gas turbine has finally been successfully applied. 1939, made in Switzerland, a four-megawatt gas turbine power generation efficiency of 18%. In the same year, the German-made jet flight success, from gas turbines into the practical stage, and began to develop rapidly. With the continuous progress of high-temperature materials, as well as the use of cooled turbine blades and continue to improve the cooling effect, gradually increase the initial temperature of gas, increasing the efficiency of the gas turbine. Stand-alone power has continued to grow in the mid-1970s there have been several 100 MW gas turbine, the maximum can reach 130 MW. At the same time, expanding the field of gas turbine applications. In 1941 a Swiss manufacturer of the first gas turbine locomotive passed the test; 1947, a British-made equipment, the first gas turbine ships into the water, its 1.86-megawatt gas turbine to power for the afterburner; 1950, the British made the first one gas turbine car. Since then, the gas turbine in more departments to get applications. Widely used in gas turbine at the same time, there had been gas turbine combined heat and other complex devices. First appeared in the piston internal combustion engine combined with a device; 50 to 60 years, there has been a free piston air and gas turbine components made of free-piston gas turbine unit, but because the system more cumbersome and complex, to 70 years to stop production . In addition, the development of a gas turbine engine composite device; another type of gas turbine exhaust heat using heat (or steam) the whole energy system, which can effectively save energy, has been used in a variety of industrial production. Gas turbine work process, the compressor (the compressor) continuously inhaled from the atmosphere and compressed air; compressed air into the combustion chamber, and injected into the combustion of the fuel mixture, a high-temperature gas then flows through the gas level of expansion for the power to promote the turbine with a compressor impeller with the impeller rotation; heated gas as a function of high-temperature strength significantly increased, and thus gas turbine driven compressor at the same time, there are more than a gas turbine power output of mechanical work . Starting from the stationary gas turbine, with a rotation starter required, can be accelerated to operate independently after the starter was disengaged. Gas turbine work process is simple, as simple cycle; In addition, heat recovery cycle and complex cycle. Gas turbine working fluid from the atmosphere, and finally discharged to the atmosphere, the open-loop; In addition, closed loop refrigerant is used in closed loop. Gas turbine combined with other heat engine known as combined cycle plant. Gas compressor early mild compression ratio, affecting the efficiency of gas turbines, two main factors. Improve the initial temperature of the gas, and a corresponding increase in compression ratio, can significantly improve gas turbine efficiency. The late 1970s, the compression ratio up to 31; industrial and marine gas turbine gas initial temperature of about up to 1200 ℃, aviation gas turbine more than 1350 ℃. Gas turbine from the compressor, combustor and gas through the equal composition. Axial and centrifugal compressor has two kinds, high efficiency axial flow compressor, suitable for large flow applications. In a small flow, axial flow compressor blades for a very short few levels later, less efficient than centrifugal. Number of megawatt gas turbine power, some use of axial compressors plus a centrifugal for the last stage, and thus achieve higher efficiency while reducing the axial length. Combustion chamber and the turbine is not only a high temperature, but also bear in gas turbine start-up and shutdown, due to dramatic changes in temperature caused by thermal shock, poor working conditions, so they decided to life the key gas turbine parts. To ensure sufficient life, these two component parts in the worst working conditions, such as fire extinguishers and leaves, etc., have to use nickel-and cobalt-based alloys and other high-temperature materials, and subject to air-cooled to reduce the operating temperature. For a gas turbine, in addition to the main components of things, the regulation must have a perfect security system, also need well-equipped ancillary systems and equipment, including: starter, fuel system, lubrication system, air filter, intake and exhaust muffler. There are two types of heavy and light duty gas turbines. Heavy parts more heavy, long overhaul cycle life of up to 100,000 hours. Lightweight compact and light, the materials used is better, of which the aircraft structure is the most compact, lightest, but short-lived. And piston internal combustion engine and steam power plant compared to the gas turbine main advantage is small and light. Unit power quality, heavy-duty gas turbine is generally 2 to 5 kg / kW, while the aircraft is generally less than 0.2 kg / kW. Gas turbines, small footprint, when used cars, boats and other transport machinery, the can save space, can also be equipped with more powerful gas turbine to improve the car, boat speed. The main disadvantage of gas turbines are not efficient at part load efficiency drops fast, no-load fuel consumption high. Different applications sectors, demand for gas turbines and usage is not the same. More than 10 megawatts of power in the majority of gas turbine for power generation, while more than 30 to 40 megawatts, almost exclusively for power generation. Gas turbine generator _set_s in case of no external power supply rapid start, good mobility, using it to drive in the grid as an emergency backup and peak load, can better protect the safe operation of the grid, so widely used. In the car (or trailer) and the train station and other mobile power station power station, the gas turbine because of its small and light, also widely used. In addition, there are a lot of use of gas turbines, portable power, power 10 kW minimum. Future trends in gas turbines is to improve the efficiency, high temperature ceramic materials, the use of nuclear energy and coal technology development. The key is to improve the efficiency of the initial temperature of gas, that is to improve turbine blade cooling technology to develop higher temperature capability of high-temperature materials. Second is to improve the compression ratio, less the series developed a higher compression ratio compressor. Again is to improve the efficiency of the various components. High-temperature ceramic materials in high temperature above 1360 ℃ to work, use it for turbine blades and other high-temperature combustion chamber flame tube parts, air cooling can not in the case greatly increased the initial temperature of the gas, which greatly improved gas turbine efficiency. For gas turbine high temperature ceramic materials such as silicon nitride and silicon carbide. Work by closed-cycle nuclear power plant can use it as a heater with high temperature gas-cooled reactors, the reactor coolant (helium or nitrogen) as both compressor and turbine working fluid. Name: Gas - steam turbine Keywords or keyword: Energy Science and steam gas Content Gas - steam turbine combined cycle, gas turbine and steam turbine is to both work at different thermodynamic cycle heat engine combined with a device, sometimes referred to as combined cycle. In order to improve the efficiency of heat engine, it should be possible to improve the heat in the heating temperature and reduce heat temperature. However, steam turbine and gas turbine thermodynamic cycle are not well meet the above requirements. Such as to combine them, to the gas turbine exhaust heat to heat the steam, you can get a higher heating temperature gas turbine and steam turbine heat the dual advantages of low temperature.