Two venues in rectangle on a sports game, each team of 11 people, only kicking or dribbling other parts of the body, but not allowed to hand and arm
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No. 2
The ball used in sports, inside is a rubber ball lamps, can be inflated, the outside is made of leather ball
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One of ball games
One of ball games. Kicking the ball into their feet (or head into) the other goal count score, score more wins. Bing Xin, "leave year": "He's exercise in excess, the ankle injury playing football." Ai Wu, "a lesson in philosophy of life": "In the school period, I love playing football."
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No. 4
football; soccer
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About Football
Football confrontational strong players in the competition rules to allow the use of various actions, including running, stop, turn around, fell to the ground, jump, crash, etc., fierce competition with rivals. Game for a long time viewers, a large playing field, which is less than any other sport's. Football is the 20 traditional 6-gon-gon and a total of 12 5 32 skin composition. 【Become the world's first sports grounds】 First, the sport of football itself is a collection of the essence of the human characteristics of the movements, the athlete suddenly between the start, raced scrimmage, just like a sprint; goalkeeper under the vertical jump, horizontal flutter Cepu, like jumping the project; flexibility and a good athlete who Daoguajingou, diving header, like gymnastics; reasonable collision between two players, but also a bit like a football to show strength and beauty ... ... Second, the popularity of football itself is less demanding on the participants is an important reason. Football player, height too fat, not big problems, unlike other sports. For example, rugby, certainly suffer a great deal of small block header; basketball is the "long man" their world. The football is different, so give all the children around the world offer to do "Star Dream" of opportunity. Third, unpredictable results of the competition of football fans around the world caused by chance is a major reason for enthusiasm. Because in the football world, there is no absolute teams. Manchester United may be an unknown and even the amateur second division team "toppled." Brazil star has piled up in the Olympic tournament in the tender was then also beat the Japanese team. 1996, football, "Third World" of the Korean team beat the Italian team had entered the World Cup quarterfinals. Therefore, in soccer game, until the last moment, you never know the results. Fourth, handsome football valiant cause of you big handsome guy is a football "world movement" causes can not be ignored. The reason is simple, have a look of worship crush all ran to the stadium despite watching (mainly Man), and that their boyfriends will not worry you? Even less interested in football men, they have to follow his girlfriend ran to the golf course, live to see his girlfriend, do not let her be who pitches "glamorous" is the most important thing away. V. Environmental fans as patrons, there was a coveted football feast, but "eat" the atmosphere is better. Lively atmosphere, spectacular, these pitches are in place. Hot and sultry than badminton hall, a table tennis table than a small, wide pitch, look how magnificent and exciting. Six free with tens of thousands of hundreds of thousands of booing fans noisy. Frankly, if watching to be quiet, that who would go to watch a soccer match. VII controversial "the greatest charm of football is that it is controversial." A visionary man said the words of a visionary. The old man is a former FIFA president Joao Havelange. Yes, if a very fine football is "dead", it is mechanical, then football will lose its great charm. Because judges are human, may be miscarriage of justice, may match-fixing bribery, etc., have a massive controversy and more people's attention. Song, "Wen Qiang Wu weak", the ruler of luxurious decadence, resulting in Moral Degeneration, football army to withdraw gradually. Confrontational fade, performance enhancements, often add to the fun as the banquet court performance. Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, social, "the text of light weapons" and all official ban, the gradual extinction of ancient football. Song, "Wen Qiang Wu weak", the ruler of luxurious decadence, resulting in Moral Degeneration, football army to withdraw gradually. Confrontational fade, performance enhancements, often add to the fun as the banquet court performance. Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, social, "the text of light weapons" and all official ban, the gradual extinction of ancient football.
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Sports Features
Football has so much charm lies not only in football pregnant with rich content, but also with the characteristics of football related. First, integrity. Football play each team from 11 entries. 11 pitch thinking and action to be consistent and attack the full-motion, full-proof code, stronger sense of the overall war. Only the formation of the overall offensive and defensive, to obtain the initiative in the game and good results of the competition. Second, the confrontational. Football is a competitive antagonism project, the race for the fight for control of the two sides to reach the ball scored the other goal, but let the ball into the goal and purpose of the party to start the fight close combat, especially in the two penalty area near the time and space ferocious battle is even more unusual, exciting. A high level of competition, both fell to the ground due to contention and collision frequency of up to 200 times more visible against the intense. Third, variability. Football is a technical colorful, unpredictable tactics, the outcome difficult to predict the outcome of aperiodic sports, games using skills and tactics when the other party directly affected by the interference constraints and resistance. Tactics is the spot in accordance with the specific circumstances of flexible use of them and play. Fourth, and easy sex. Competition Rules Football relatively concise, facilities and equipment requirements are not high. General football game time, number of participants, venue and equipment are not subject to strict restrictions, so it is a very easy-to-body exercises carried out mass sports items.
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Origin, Development
Cuju】 【Han Han and Tang dynasties in ancient China's most prosperous period of football development, developing into a direct confrontation of the competition. The Tang dynasty (the sixth 一 ○ 八 至九 years), Cuju ball used by the filled hair blowing into his mouth by people at the same time with two goal instead of "Ju room." In the Song Dynasty (AD 九六 ○ 至 1279), Kickball even developed a dual goal and one goal of the contest, as well as social or circle called Qiyun ball clubs will be organized there, and the mouth with a ball from person to blowing, developed to use the pump and closer to modern football. Han is the training of soldiers Cuju means to develop a more comprehensive system. If _set_ up a special court, the provisions of the rectangular east-west direction, each with six symmetrical at both ends, "Ju domain", also known as "Ju room", each guarded by one person. Space surrounded by walls. Competition is divided into two teams pitted against each other, scored the other party to decide the outcome of the number of rooms Ju. After the initial popularity of Han, Tang and Song dynasties Cuju culminated, and even the location of the division of labor according to the court style of play. Tang Kickball has a variety of ways, with the number of games top of the ball "hit Ju," hanging on the middle of a field, similar Wangshizuqiu the "Bust", several people involved in snatching the "Yue Ju", as well as the established goal of the game, each team in this way have a certain number and fixed location, provides players can only play in his place, can not be moved. In early 2004, FIFA confirmed that football originated in China, "Kickball" is the earliest historical records of football. "Warring States" and the "Historical Records" is the earliest recorded literature classics Cuju, the former describes the Spring and Autumn Period 2,300 years ago, the capital of Qi Linzi (now CHINA) popular kickball activities, while the latter records, kickball was the training of soldiers, soldiers will physically examine the way ("Qu Ju, potential soldiers also, so practice warrior, is also known to have wood") 【Brief Introduction】 before Song Kickball "Cuju," the term was first _set_ out in the "Su Historical Biography," to persuade King Xuan Su described the Pro Tony: "Tony Pro is very rich and real, all the people blowing the pole, and the viol, bow step on those." Tread "means "quick fix", the meaning of play. "Ju", the ball, that ancient football. Han's "Xijing," "Salt and Iron", "Cuju book", "Liu Xiang Do not record" have the records on Cuju . Three Kingdoms, Northern and Southern Dynasties, the practice still prevails Cuju not bad. Tang Dynasty, kickball is still a very popular exercise, Du Fu poem reads: "Ten years is far Kan Ju will be young, custom swing with Miles." However, there is a great development. are mainly three: (1) with an inflated ball: "the fact that Class Garden Song" contains: "Analysis of the Functions note playing field Huo Ju bud says: 'Ju leather whom indeed the hair, quick fix step on the opera.' Yen so that the bow is to have different Late carry on. "Xu Jian," beginners mind ":" Opera said this Cuju cones. ancient knot of hair, fiber, now with the skin, where the cell is closed and the quick fix of Shi Qi. " (2) the establishment of the goal: "Book of General" "CuQiu cover began in the Tang, the two tall bamboo plants, high-Shu Zhang, network network in on the ball for the door to the degree; friends around half of the ball to corner the outcome, so why not tonight's the time of the change Ju? " (3) style of play varied: Two goal kicking: Tang Renzhong discredited "balloon Fu" in the records. Single-goal kicking: from "Cuju map" can be see reflected. No goal kicking: a single person or several people to play, as playing Ju; the men play called Bust; three or more games were played as households, farm households, such as three, four field households. 【The first documented fans】 Item at the Western Han Dynasty was the first recorded fan, but his experience is very unfortunate. "Shi Ji Bian Que positions in the public biography" reads: doctors Chunyu Yi for the item at the doctor, told him not to overwork, but the items at not listen, still go out to play, the results of hematemesis death, which makes entry into the world at the first in history to be investigated an avid "fan." 【】 Starting lineup in the history of the first Song "martial arts old things" has been listed in the "Thirty-two building ball" competition and position of the list when the two teams: "Left Military sixteen people: ball Zhang Jun, Rocker number one pity, is relying Zhu election, the first Shi Ze relying on the left pole network D interpretation, the right pole Network Zhang, Li Wu Chun and other casual; Youjun sixteen people: Ball Jane Lee, Jane Zhu Rocker the ball and is relying Zhu S, Zhang Ning, vice relying on the left Xu Bin pole network, the king made the right pole networks, such as bulk Chen Jun Li. " This is probably the first football history, "starting lineup" of the. History】 【Football To the Han Dynasty, with the game exclusively for soccer, known as "Ju City", Ju City, rectangular, 6 Ju rooms at each end, was on hole-shaped, symmetrical with each other, the venue is surrounded by walls. Flourishing Tang Dynasty is Cuju activities during this period, not only has made significant progress, and began exports of football, the first landing place of the United Kingdom. Cuju this as a complete product exports, it developed because at that time traffic, transportation is very backward, after several months of long distances, reaching the UK Kickball, horses have been exhausted, only one ball. But is such a ball, Britain is still regarded as treasures, exclusive event for the royal family only to prohibit civil enjoy this entertainment. 11th century the Danes invaded England. One day, in England by the digging battle, accidentally dug up a few Danish skull. Think of the criminal invasion of Denmark, the English people very angry, bitter directed at their heels, kick to the skull, the solution apart from anger, but also feels there is the fun of playing soccer. So, dig the battlefield more and more people in England participated in the play "ball" in the ranks. This patriotic act impressed the king of England, to reward the people, the king ordered the British royal family football folk open. Soon, football folk to spread, become a popular sports and entertainment activities. October 26, 1863, _set_ up in London, the world's first football organization - England Football Association, and the unified rules, the formal establishment of modern football. Ancient Chinese foot play called "Kickball." As early as 2,000 years ago in the Spring and Autumn Period, there will be a kickball game. Western Han Dynasty, the construction of the "Ju City", specifically for competition purposes. Prosperity of the Tang Dynasty is a period of Cuju activities, there has been replaced with a filling gas ball thing of the past filled with a hair ball, known as the "gas blanket", and the goal instead of a bow room. In the West, the 10th century, France, Italy, Britain and other countries have a soccer game. To the late 15th century with the "football," said, gradually developed into a modern football. October 26, 1863, the British _set_ up in London, the world's first football organization - the British Football Association, and a football uniform rules, people called this day as the birth of modern day football. The development of a total of 14 of the rules of football, which is the basis of the present football rules. 2 from the 1900 Olympic Games started, football is listed as an official Olympic sport, but it does not allow professional athletes to participate. May 21, 1904, FIFA was established in Paris. 1930, held once every 4 years World Championship (also known as the World Cup), the game lifted the restrictions on professional athletes. Since then, the increasing development of modern football. Legend in the 11th century, England and Denmark have had a war between the end of the war, the British discovered the ruins of war in the clean-up of a Danish invaders of the skull, out of resentment, they kick their feet to the skull, a group of children sees it, and also to play, but they found the skull it hurts to play, so the cattle inflatable bladder to replace it - this is the birth of modern football. In medieval England, football to become one of many young people are keen activity. They chase the ball on the narrow streets, people often end it passed to the window on the street. So the King of England had ordered a ban on playing football. From the 12th century to the 16th century, the King of England had published four times "football ban." However, due to the special charm of football, the ban failed to make it die. 1835, Sheffield was established in the UK the world's first football club. In 1863, in the United Kingdom has _set_ up the first Football Association. Since then, organized, under the constraint of certain rules of football began to spread throughout Europe from the UK, around the world. In the 19th century, football has been quite popular in Western European countries. In 1896 the first Olympic Games, will be one of football as a game, the result 9:0 victory over Denmark to Greece, becoming the first Olympic soccer title. In 1904, the United Kingdom, France, the Netherlands, Belgium, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland in the seven countries of the Football Association _set_ up the International Football Federation, France, and the _select_ion of French blue cap as the first FIFA president. The earliest known star】 【 Song, playing artists organized their own groups, known as the "social circle", special events and competitions to promote kickball. Gao Qiu to the Northern Song Dynasty was born in a round society, Wang Mingqing of the "command after the dust recorded" records, Gao Qiu superb game, as escort Huizong play, was promoted to the front of the hall Douzhihuishi, which is probably the earliest known star One of the. Song Liu Bin's "Zhongshan Poetry" is due to play and record another famous person, scholar Liu The Three outstanding game, he knows that like to play D prime minister, to promotion, every day, and waiting for the government in the course of the wall of the prime minister, One day, until finally the ball flying out of the wall, Liu picked up the ball to the three re-name the ball into the Xiangfu also in the small audience with that, he threw the ball in the air, side bow, side with the head, shoulders, back, etc. top part of the ball, the ball has not landed Seeing that big Yue Ding, gave Liu a three-office complex. Spring and Autumn Period to the Yuan and Ming times, Kickball undergone development to the climax of the process, but the Qing Dynasty, the event has entered a decline. In 1863, the birth of modern football in England, opened another chapter in history of football development. 】 【Birth of modern football Audience game 1893 From the 8th century to the 19th century, the predecessor of modern football in every way there is in Europe until 1863, the first official soccer rules of the game established in the UK, which also marked the birth of modern football. The impulse of a boy The 19th century, football can be restored and some of the colleges in the UK extensively. At the time there is no uniform rules football, the game within the rectangular space, time and number of entries between the two parties agreed, passed the ball to the other side of the valve stem within the score. During this period, the University of Cambridge, Hatton Public School, New School University, Clifton has its own style of play, no one thought to unify the rules of football. At that time, the most unlucky people specially for the race to be considered "certified mediator," who was the predecessor of the referee, is responsible for recording goals and dispute resolution and dispute, but because there is no uniform rule, always difficult to convince people of these mediators always a subject of dozens of people in pursuit of the audience and the siege. A boy's impulse to change everything. November 21, 1823, in a game, a man named William - Weber - Aisi Li's 15-year-old boy who suddenly picked up the ball by hand, holding it toward the field to attack each other. This action subsequently led to a big debate on football rules, and people are aware of the need to _set_ uniform rules of football. In the debate, the party endorsed the hands and feet, gradually developing for today's football game, and adhere to the only party with their feet, then began to explore the rules of modern soccer and the creation. 【Pub in the birth of the world's first sports】 Birth of modern football Masonic Tavern Masonic pub in the meeting, also _set_ up the FA and the situation in words the world's first recorded football uniform rules, two months after the December 26, 1863, FA伦敦克鲁米 Mercer Street in a small hotel meeting again, refining the rules of football as a 14, and began to promote football in the country, and now the world's first swept the global movement was born. Participate in the meeting Masonic Tavern 11 Club and the College: Forest Club (later renamed the Rangers); Jill Byrne; Barnes; War Office; Crusaders; Percival; Blake Hayes Club; Kensington College; Sol Beaton; Blake Hayes School; Crystal Palace .
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Standard Rules
【First】 a soccer rules 1. Site area, 150 yards long, wide and 100 yards. In each of the sidelines 25 yards from the end line, the _set_ two sign posts. 2. The goal _set_ by the two pole composed of feet apart. 3. With the coin chosen goal or kicking off. 4. The first half playing time after the exchange site. 5. When the player kicked the ball when the ball with the team standing in front of any player other players closer than the other end of the line, shall not participate in the competition contact with the ball, do not hinder the other members in any way touch the ball. 6. When the ball was kicked out of the sidelines was a dead ball, the other in a direct kick the ball out of bounds place of admission, the resumption of competition. 7. When a team when the ball kicked out the other end line, the other can be any member who should get the ball in the vertical side line ball 25 yards sent a free kick. 8. When the ball comes, the other players can not touch the ball behind the end line. 9. If the ball landed after the end line and sideline flag pole outside, the free kick should end line 25 yards away from the hair. 10. When a player to play any ball, not with the team members in between him and the other end line, and the other players can not stand within 10 yards from him. 11. Players can choose to play any ball in any way. 12. The ball from the pole or between two infinite height from the top across the meantime, count wins the game. 13. In the match, the ball can touch any part of the body, but not the hand, arm, shoulder support, hit the ball. 14. All is fair legal impact, but prohibit the use of hugs, pushing, tripping off their feet or noise. The original rules of the formal announcement by the England Football Association president published in the (belis life) magazine. Football Association after three years of additional provisions, the goal height of 6 yards, width of 8 yards, one way or another piece of string between two columns, as the goal height. Rule 11 a-side football Introduction football venue (A) the court 1, the golf course area must comply with the rules. FIFA World Cup finals has provided the venue is 105 meters long, 68 meters wide. Primary venue for domestic games can be adapted to local conditions, but in any case, the edge of the goal line length must be longer than the length of the floor area of each region shall not change. 2, the court surface must be flat, suitable hardness in order not to harm athletes and do not affect the normal operation of the principle of the ball. FIFA World Cup Organizing Committee for the World Cup may not have instructions on the pitch for artificial turf. (B) boundary 1, the court of the line to be flush with the ground shall not be made above ground v-type grooves or convex line. The color line to be clear. Best to use the land court or mortar lime powder painting line, natural turf is appropriate lime Pastel line, do not use lime powder or mortar poured paintings. In order to prevent rainfall, can also draw lines with white paint, but not with wood, brick or rubble filled trench and other objects for the line. 2, site of the line width of not more than 12 cm (12 cm generally appropriate.) Edge and the width of the goal line should be included within the site area, the width of other lines in the region should also be included within the area. Goal area and penalty area in the measurement should be from the goal posts inside and measured from the outer edge of the goal line. The width of the goal line must equal the width of the goalposts. (C) of the sideline and goal line 1, with the goal line delineated edge football players at the football game is the basic activity area. After the start of the race without the referees permission, and other staff members will be allowed to play. 2, when the whole ball crossed the sideline or in the air from the ground or the ball outside the goal line, is the ball out of bounds from a dead ball, foul ball, respectively, to throw, kick or corner kick resume playing gateball. 3, between the goal line goal is to determine whether the door of the standard line of the ball, only when the whole ball over the goal from the ground or in the air within the calculation of this line before the ball door. 4, a penalty kick, the defender between the goal keeper to be standing on the goal line. 5, in the other penalty area the ball when an indirect free kick, goal if the ball between the goal line from less than 9.15 meters, members of the defending side is allowed to stand on the goal line. (D) Transfer 1, the center line to the audience is divided into two equal halves, the width of the center line should be included in within the area of each half. 2, kick-off, the two players must stand inside own half (and the defending players must not enter the circle.) When the referee whistle, the ball is kicked and moves forward, the game side to start, then both teams can enter the other half. 3, no team in the own half offside foul. (E) goal area 1, can be any point in the goal area and the side to play gateball kick. 2, when the ball in the goal area, the referee that the game was stopped, if dropping the ball when the game resumed, the ball should stop the race location of the nearest, and the goal line goal area line parallel to the falling ball. 3, where the goal area in the other indirect free kick the ball should be in place from the nearest foul, with the goal of equality in the goal area line online implementation. (F) the penalty area 1 goalkeeper in the penalty area to hand the ball side. 2 players in the penalty area against the rules of the party liable to Chapter XII of the ten direct free kick foul in any of the time, should Penalty Kicks. 3, play gateball or any of the side kick penalty area the ball: (1) the other party should withdraw from the penalty area. (2) must direct the ball kicked out of the penalty area, the race to recover. 4, the penalty kick, in addition to kick players with each other goalkeeper, the other team members to be in the penalty area and penalty arc outside the venue, behind the penalty spot; when the ball is kicked and moves forward, the game shall be resumed, At this point players can enter the penalty area. (G) corner arc Corner kick, the ball must Fangding arc in the corner. (Viii) the penalty spot Penalty kick, the ball must Fangding in the penalty point. Erosion due to heavy rain, when the penalty spot obscure, from the penalty spot to determine the position of referee. (Ix) the mid-point Commonly known as the midpoint of the center line of kick-off point. Tee, the ball must Fangding the point. (X) in the ring Kick-off, the defending players must stand outside the circle in the own half. This free kick with the kick, the defending players must stand at least 9.15 meters away from the ball the same meaning, and its role is to ensure that members of the attacking side to play against each other when the obstruction. (K) penalty arc Penalty free throw, in addition to kick players with each other goalkeeper, the other team members to be in the penalty area and penalty arc outside the venue, behind the penalty spot; when the ball is kicked and moves forward, the game shall be resumed, this time before entering the penalty arc team. (Xii) corner flag 1, the corner flag was a symbol around the site, should be perpendicular to the vertical edge and the goal line at the outer edge of the intersection. 2, the angle of the flagpole's height (peak of the staff to the ground) not less than 1.50 meters, the top rod should be flat to prevent the stabbing member. Corner flag color of the flag should be used with the Assistant Referee and the significant difference between color space, using the lights when night games, free white corner flag. Corner flag can be made of cloth or silk material, size is generally 30 cm × 40 cm. (M) Transfer of flag From the sidelines in the middle at both ends of at least 1 m, can be erected and the corner flag of the center line of the flag the same size as the center line of the sign. It useful to judge offside. (Xiv) goal The goal should be the venue fixed, post and beams should be the same width and thickness. Goal color must be white. (Xv) goal network 1, the goal is to help judge the role of networks to see whether the ball into the goal, so the goal can only be hung behind the goal net, goal firmly attached to the beams, columns, the bottom of the nails on the ground, do not let the ball pass through. Shall not be nailed to the post linked to the side or along the beam. 2, the goal nets should be properly propped up, so that there is sufficient space for activities goalkeeper and into the net after the ball will not pop up. More generally used from behind the goal net with a rope to pull up method. (P) around the site 1, in accordance with the race organization requirements, the outside of the goal line (typically 2 meters away from the corner flag, the ball six districts of the intersection line and the goal line 3.5 m, the goal posts 6 meters) to draw a limited line of photographers, photography should behind this line. If the back of billboards. 2, officials of the seats in the fourth off near the middle of the extended line of; substitute seats seats in from the fourth official about 10 meters on each side and at the corresponding homogeneous. The team's coach, substitute and staff should be on the bench. Number of seats to the bench in accordance with the requirements of organizations to determine race, our country identified as 14 seats. 3, the technical area. The term technology zone "football competition rules" in Chapter III Council resolutions, international football has been mentioned in the second, the region and promising team of technical staff and substitutes available seats. Technology area can be done based on site conditions on the size and position adjustment. The following is a _set_ of general guidance technology areas: (1) technical area outward from the bench on both sides of 1 meter, 1 meter away from the edge within the region. (2) proposed tag line clear of the area. (3) the number of technology within the region by the competition rules of order. (4) According to competition rules and technical personnel within the region should be recognized before the game. (5) allows only one person in the technical area for tactical command, command and return immediately after the end of the bench. (6) coaches and other officials must be limited to the technical area, except under special circumstances, such as physical therapists or medical staff to allow entry in the View by the referee when the players were injured. (7) technology in the region coaches and other personnel must be responsible for their actions. (Xvii) Check the site Referees should carefully check the venue. Before the game and halftime, the blurred boundaries (especially near the goal line) to make the officer to re-draw. Resulting in a muddy field as a result of rain and snow, the line is not clear, the provisions in the field around the position of plug 10 little flags, flags are 1 meter away from the boundary, flags of the same specifications and corner flag, to help referees Members make their judgments. FIFA rules panel resolution (1) The maximum area of international competition court: length 110 meters and the width Tiananmen meters. (2) national football associations must strictly comply with the regulations of the area, layout of course. In organizing international competitions, must be before the game, the competition will take place and the stadium area, notify the visiting team's national football associations. (3) The rules of the International Football Association team, has agreed to the rules of imperial and metric used were as follows: One hundred and thirty yards ... ... .... Hundred and twenty meters One hundred and twenty yards ... ... .... One hundred and ten meters One hundred and ten yards ... ... .... A hundred meters A hundred yards ... ... ... ... .... Ninety meters Eighty yards ... ... ... ... .... Seventy-five m Seventy yards ... ... ... ... .... Sixty-four meters Fifty yards ... ... ... ... .... Forty-five m Eighteen yards ... ... ... ... .... Sixteen fifty centimeters meters Twelve yards ... ... ... ... .... XI m Ten yards ... ... ... ... ... .... Nine fifteen centimeters meters Eight yards ... ... ... ... ... .... Thirty-seven meters centimeters Six yards ... ... ... ... ... .... Fifty-five centimeters meters A yard ... ... ... ... ... .... One meter Eight feet ... ... ... ... .... Two meters forty-four cm Five feet ... ... ... ... .... One meter fifty centimeters Twenty-eight in. ... ... .... Seventy-one cm Twenty-seven in. ... ... .... Sixty-eight centimeters Five inches ... ... ... ... .... Twelve cm Three-quarters inches ... .... One nine cm Half-inch ... .... 1.27 cm Three-eighths 英寸 ... .... A cm (4) end of the line width, and the goal posts and crossbar shall be the same thickness, so the line outside the goal posts should be the same width. (5) In order to plan the goal area and penalty area line at the end of volume six yards and eighteen yards distance from the goal posts must be measured from the inner side. (6) golf course area, including the width of the venue, including the regional boundaries. (7) All of the games, according to soccer rules should be standard equipment supply, especially in international competition, especially should pay attention to the circumference of the ball, and other facilities. If sub-standard equipment, must report to the International Football Association. (9) States Football Association, the provisions in the rules within the first chapter, the thickness of the crossbar and post, a lot of width and the minimum amount the most appropriate requirements. (10) post and the crossbar must be wood, metal or any group recognized by the International Football Association rules for the material made. Its shape can be square, rectangular, round, semi-circular or oval. Other materials not available to post and crossbar made of other shapes. (11) in international competitions before the words "off season" day of the competition shall be representatives of the Association by the two countries, and act as referee in the field of international competitions, examined the situation at that time to make a decision space. (12) National Football Association, especially the international competition organized by the Association, must be limited Sheying numbers and away from the goal line outside the place is not more than ten meters, two meters long flat line at least from the angle of roughly the same distance from flagpole should be banned photographers over the line, it should prohibit the use of flash. Materials and standard of football
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Movement Action
First, is conducive to good psychological quality and the formation of moral character. Often in football, not only for their own good character formation can have a huge impact, but also to cultivate the human will, self-control, responsibility and courage and indomitable, resourceful and decisive, perseverance, courage to overcome difficulties, unity, cooperation and close coordination collective sense of honor, discipline and other moral character. Second, is conducive to enhance physical fitness and promote health. Football is full of good exercise and healthy body means is an effective fitness activities, sports project. Frequently engage in sport can improve people's strength, speed, agility, endurance, flexibility and other physical fitness, and one of the higher nervous activity can be improved, in particular, can enhance the body's cardiovascular system, respiratory system and other organs function, so as to promote human health. According to the determination, a good football player more than normal lung capacity from 2000 to 3500 ml, resting heart rate lower than the normal 15 to 22 times / min. Third, is conducive to spiritual civilization. In the reform and opening today, soccer has become in many cities in China as part of people's lives. To get people from the emotional experience of playing football, watching football Cong artistic enjoyment, to get from the exchange of ideas about football, football enrich people's leisure and cultural activities to improve people's quality of life. Football has become the city's political, economic, cultural, an important part of life. It attracts hundreds of thousands of people, it reflects the spirit of the city, which is one of the hallmarks image of the city, which is the carrier of spiritual civilization.
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Movement pattern
】 【Modern football Modern football, first produced in the 19th century England. Mankind has entered the 20th century, football has entered the 20th century. Whether the legend that the head of the enemy on the battlefield, or people with kicking a football game between the two cities, have become the past. Modern football is necessary to start, and gradually formed a professional league. 1903, Belgium, Denmark, France, Netherlands, Spain and other countries negotiate the establishment of an international football organization, however, is the birthplace of British enthusiasm for football is not high. But football is popular in Europe and America began. British immigrants in Italy as early as 1893 on the establishment of Genoa, 1899, the British and the Italians and working together to build today's green giants-ac Milan, 1899. Italy also founded the Federation Championship, winning six of Genoa before the 7th Army, ac Milan won the championship in 1901. In South America, soccer was the British sailors, immigrants and was brought here, Thomas. Sir Lipton Lipton Cup founder, became the Rio de la Plata between Uruguay and Argentina on both sides of the Tournament Now the most famous football league's top five European leagues (Serie. Premier League, La Liga, Bundesliga, French) 】 【Football From American football or rugby football is a football. Introduced by the British USA Rugby. Mid-nineteenth century, the eastern United States often hold a similar football game, participants had just kicked the ball that scored the other goal line. Participating team members up to 30 people, sometimes more. Since this can only kicked the first American football, so called football, that is the meaning of football, still in use today, and now some people still call this football as football. Rugby spread to America, people put the rules changes, including to be a forward pass. The game will often have a physical collision with the other players, so players should wear protective clothing and helmet to play. American football is the competition of American popular sport. The purpose of this exercise is to the ball to the opponents of the "touchdown zone" scores, mainly in two ways with the ball or drop. There are several scoring methods, including the ball over the bottom line, drop to the bottom line after teammate, or to direct the ball over on the ground between two goal posts, also known as shot. End of game time when a team scores more wins. American football first by Harvard students in a name "-" the ball games start, the movement aims to rival ran with the ball. In the United States after the Civil War began in college football is widely popular. Rutgers University and Princeton University in 1869 played the first college football game history. This movement is similar to the original with the English football, Yale coach Camp (- {walter camp} -) close to it to improve football. Severe physical impact of the contest, there are reports that players in the game of death, President Theodore Roosevelt ordered the rules of the game change it did not lead to the demise of the movement. 】 【Street soccer Street soccer streetfootball, streetsoccer Street foot originated in Brazil and Europe. After long-term accumulation and evolution has become a street full singled out by the one-, three on three cages race fs artistic performances, street dance, street music and other elements of the unique culture of the streets, because Street foot created for the physically and unlimited freedom of thought and imagination, by the fanatical pursuit of youth, street enough to go beyond ethnic and national boundaries, swept the globe. 】 【Attacking football Offensive football in the football game is a tactical play, attacking football, that is, the larger the scope of defense, the other half in the regular closing down, grab around and grabbed after the ground attack, so the situation can always suppress the formation of .
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Of events
Founding of new China, the gradual development of the sport. Held its 1951 National Cup 1st, 6 large administrative team and the PLA, railways and other eight teams participate in the competition, announced the _select_ion from our first batch of 30 national players, they are carried out of football after 30 years the backbone. 1953,1954 held in the National Football League after another, began development of a national contest. After the 1954 football team have been established in provinces, national youth team that went to Hungary to learn, to invite China, Hungary and the Soviet Union coach, coaching or training courses organized by coaches. All this is organized league basis and create the conditions. Football League began in 1957, is the highest level of football competition, a team in 10 years. 1957 establishment of A, B system and youth leagues such as lifting a systematic system of national competition. 1957,1958 have participated in 12 First Division teams. 1 due to host the 1959 National Games, League did not hold, but held the national football championship. 1960-1963 in the National League for up to 29-39 teams, from 1964 to 1966 for the 12 teams were all <1966 did not match End>, from 1966 to 1977 because of the "Cultural Revolution" impact, forced to suspend competition. League play resumed in 1978, the 1st year, spring race, the end of the end, generally have 16 teams participate in the competition and the use of double loop <phase> centralized match competition system, by weaving points, goal difference, goals in order Arrange seats in the last four teams ranked down to second division, and promoted to Class B ranks of the top 4. 1983 5th National Games was held, when the League points north and south two districts, with home and away double round robin system, with no implementation of relegation. 1984 China hosted the first FA Cup match, when the Serie A relegation, the FA Cup before the game get the team to retain the 16 seats in Class A, Section 17-24 of the teams to participate in the second division next year. 1982 In order to improve the level of football, and taking into account the national team to participate in annual training team league could not return to the actual situation, and constantly on the league's competition system has been reformed, such as corners, free kicks, the first door nets, a ball meter by 2 goals; not allow a tie, 90-minute fighting penalty and to determine the winner; national team subsidies points; repeal wins 2 points, and field teams get 1 point, the negative field scoring system was 0 , change wins 3 points, and field teams get 1 point, the negative field and 0 points system and so on. 1987 6th National Games was held, is in League into a, b2 group competition, access to 1986 Class A top 8 teams to participate in a group game, with home and away double round robin system; 1986 Grade 9 to 16 of the team and the B group of the first 4 participants b game game game with double loop centralized system, there is no implementation of relegation. 1988 League divided into 2 stages, stage 1 to obtain the top 12 teams and the team after the 8, phase 2 trial of re-divided into 2 groups, access to the top 8 team, the first 9-18 team and League championship that year, respectively, Class of 1989 participated in a group and b group competitions; be the first team were reduced to 19,20 B team. Class of 1989, after the last two fell to a group b group b group before Grade 2 and was promoted after the two were downgraded to grade a group and the second into the second division after 90 years, to enhance the level of football , first grade a group home and away match system implemented in 1992, also introduced in Grade b group home and away match system. Held in 1993 for the 7th National Games, League did not hold. The 15th World Cup qualifiers, the Chinese team team failed to qualify to promote reform of the Chinese Football Association to take more measures, and improve the level of football, this decision has been implemented since 1994, Football Club, Grade a, b Group all 12 teams, visits to home and away match system; grade reduced to a _set_ of the last two Class-b group; Class b group before and after 2 Grade 4 rose to a group and were reduced to second division ; grade a group of teams will get 60% of the club's ticket revenue share. In 1992, Red Yamaguchi Beijing conference for the Chinese national football football opened the curtain of professional reform. In 1994, a Chinese football official opening of a league, launched a reform of China's new chapter in professional football. In 2001, the national football conference in Shenzhen clear the twenty-first century football development plan, launched the Chinese Football Association Super League plans. 2004, with the improvement of China's competitive level of soccer and football market continues to mature, the Chinese Football Association, summed up China, based on years of professional football in order to further enhance the level of professional football competition in China and the brand, officially launched the "Chinese Football Association Super League "(short: Super League). April 2006, to further improve the Chinese football market-oriented industry, the Chinese Football Association Super League competition with all the clubs _set_ up a Super League jointly funded limited liability company (referred to as: super-companies).
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International events
World Cup FIFA World Cup (fifaworld cup competition), referred to as the World Cup (the old translation of the World Football Championship) is the unified leadership by the International Football Federation and organizations worldwide football. Each game from the preliminaries to the finals and it took three years to participate in nearly 100 countries qualifying. It is the world's largest, most influential, highest level of football competition, the audience is the world's largest sports event. Olympic Soccer
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FIFA
FIFA, is from Belgium, France, Denmark, Spain, Sweden, the Netherlands and Switzerland initiative, May 21, 1904 in Paris, France _set_ up. 208 current members of the Association. FIFA is a member of International Sports Federations. Working language is English, French, Spanish and German, the language of conflict, the English shall prevail. FIFA under Europe, Asia, Africa, Central America and the Caribbean, South America, Oceania six regional organizations. FIFA president 【Previous】 Name of the nationality of any session of the term of office of President 1 Robert. Green French 1904.05 - 1906.06 2 Daniel. Canterbury. Wool Four British 1906.06 - 1918.10 3 Mills. Rimet, France 1921.04 - 1954.06 4 William. 塞尔德拉耶 Belgium 1954.07 - 1955.10 5 Arthur. Drewry United Kingdom 1956.06 - 1961.03 6 Stanley. Rolls British 1961.09 - 1974.06 7, Joao. Havelange of Brazil 1974.06 - 1998.06 8 Blatter, Switzerland 1998.06 - present
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Football Terminology
Curve ball football technical terms. Instructed to play the ball was running arc technology. Football in operation, due to strong rotation, so that differences occur on both sides of the formation of the air. As the ball was run arc-shaped, it is commonly known as "Xiang Jiaoqiu." Curve ball kick, the foot should be off the site of the ball hitting the center of gravity. Commonly used in the bypass line in the middle of the defensive players pass, or shot in the confusion the goalkeeper to make a wrong judgments. Direct free kick penalty when shot with a curve ball is an important method of scoring. Diving net smash football technical terms. A goalkeeper catching a higher technical difficulty. To kick the ball firmly placed in the same side, opposite side Tuiqu Xi put swing, the ball jumped out of the body. After landing the ball, both hands on the ball, the side with the forearm before the ground, tuck retaining the ball. Free front side due to a leap, increasing the scope of the catch, it can be difficult to catch with the other actions received the ball. Scavenger take specific defensive football defender delayed the task of another name. 8 1966 World Soccer Championship, the "stick to the steady attack" under the influence of tactical thinking, in order to strengthen the defense, in the back behind the line to arrange a team whose responsibility is to keep not only the attack, the complement of the implementation of a single bit defensive tasks, " scutched "attack to the side the ball in front of the ball, hence the name. Free man football, "one thousand three hundred thirty-three" defender delayed formation of another name. Guard defense is no fixed object, can be flexible to fill the seats wrecker, so that other players, especially the three guards in the peace of mind when marking. Is a scavenger style of play and development, not only to defend, but to wait for an opportunity into the first line of attack. According to duties, requirements to play the "free people" full members of technical, tactical and strong sense of competition experience, is organizing, directing defensive core. Attacking football the whole tactic of the Code of Practice. A team of 10 outfield players in attacking and defensive duties, known as the "total defensive." According to offensive and defensive game needs, each player can play at any one location, the role of the position players. The tactics of the team broke the shackles of Zhenshi can fully mobilize the enthusiasm of players and play ability. Meanwhile, players in the physical, technical, tactical, and will, fighting style aspects, but also put forward higher requirements. 1974 10th World Football Championship, there is such a game, known as the third international football in the history of change. Sink to the bottom mass in the tactic of attacking football. Refers to the edge attack, the ball breaking through individual or collective cooperation to push the ball to each other near the end line, and then spread to the other side the ball a long way in front of the tactics. Attacking side in the fast-forward, often by other fledgling defense position, the use of this method in the middle of your opponent to score goals. Also known as peripheral mass "45 ° angle pass." Tactic of attacking football. When the attacking side has the ball near the sideline with the other members of about 45 ° to the goal of the region, used the long pass to the top of the ball near the penalty area in the other companions, companions for the ball with the head continuous attack, known as the "peripheral biography. " Especially in the defending team has time to return, and 30-40 meters in front of goal-intensive areas, leading to the other goal of the road has been sealed, or the attacking side has a tall, strong striker Zhengding ball players, the use of This play can get good results. Cross transposition of football tactics terminology. Offensive player game to get rid of each other's defense, running around the middle of the transposition of the tactical coordination method. The most common are: the left side of the team before the players sprint to the right side of the ball, pass the right team, the cross went to the left position. The change in tactics with the players in this position only within the scope of the style of play, making more varied tactics. Long ball tactic of attacking football break. Breakthrough in the use of long-range pass defense tactics other methods. Modern football game, and more for quick counter-attack. Defensive players in the side intercept the ball in front of the ball, use the other less back pressure on the offensive against the time after the long pass in front of peers suddenly to break each other's defense. Plug one attacking football offensive tactics. That in the second and third line of avant-garde, guard members, _insert_ the first line of tactical approaches to participate in the attack. Depth due to the distance, it is easy to get rid of their defense, and the second and third line players in the plug has a large hidden and surprise. Therefore, the more threatening. Back into the forward line of attack is directly involved in the whole entire defensive tactics of attack is an important sign. Zonal defensive tactics of football. Classified according to the position of each player's defensive zone must, in the designated range, the main method of using the defensive stations, rather than tight marking. This allows the offensive team pass the ball more easily, and in the same area more than two offensive players, the defense to difficult. The more passive defensive tactics, can not meet the needs of football development, is now rarely used. Terms of football tactics fill the seats. A game with the method of collective defense. Refers to the defensive player of the team a break by his opponent, another team went to closure. They fill the seats with the foundation of collective defense. Defender to maintain proper distance between them and the point of view, is the premise of timely fill the seats. Mainly refers to the past when defensive back line with players. Contemporary all-attacking football the whole defensive tactics, and fill the seats of the content has also been a corresponding development. As between the front and the health of the players attack each other in a position of exchange, has become an important part of fill the seats to fill the seats on the technical and tactical awareness of players put forward higher requirements. Defensive tactic of defensive intensity. 30 meters in front of the ball area often called the "danger zone." Game, the two sides to a solid defense, often guarded by large numbers of people organized in the region, forming dense state, to enhance protection and reduce the gap to block the other's breakthroughs, known as intensive defensive tactics. Making Offside Trap is a defensive tactics. According to the rules: offensive players in the ball, such as with the other end of line 2 between the defensive team, compared with less than offside. Defensive Player of the use of this provision, in the other pass, the other team will touch the ball the moment, suddenly ran forward and caused the other players with the ball between the end line of the side of a defender of the situation, so that the other offside foul . This is the offside tactics against each other to "create Offside" tactics adopted an offensive tactic. When the offensive player aware of the defensive tactics of those who created them offside damage to the offensive side, the time to change the direction of pass, so that the players behind the ball or plug in their rapid advance directly Daiqiu Shemen, so that the other back against Buji. Also called a wall fence tactics tactics. In front of danger in their own region, when the other person kicks, a couple of defenders and arranged in "human fence" to help the goalkeeper to seal some of the other point of view shot. Wall-type game tactics when attacking an extraordinary, that they had formed one situation, the two a pass everything, re-transmission of a one ball out of the ball, the ball came to pass, like those against the wall as to speed up the extraordinary speed, hence the name. There are world football World Cup and Olympic soccer tournament. World Cup is the most compelling, is the highest level of technology, competition for the most intense football game. In addition, local football, such as the Asian Cup and so on.
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About Football
Soccer is called football, you can also refer to the game of football with the ball. Now refers to football. Domination foot ball football is the main, two teams within the offense and defense at the same venue of sports projects. Football is an ancient sport, a long history. Originated in ancient China, a ball game, "Kickball", and later spread to Europe through Arabs developed into a modern football. Modern football originated in Britain, football is the most popular sport in the world, is one of the most widely carried out in the world today, one of the most influential sports, known as "the world movement." Many countries will Football as a "national sport." Football confrontational strong players in the competition rules to allow the use of various actions, including running, stop, turn around, fell to the ground, jump, crash, etc., fierce competition with rivals. Game for a long time viewers, a large playing field, which is less than any other sport's. Football is the 20 traditional 6-gon-gon and a total of 12 5 32 skin composition. Football competition is divided into 11 system, 7-and 5-a. Age have u15, u17, u19 and other Olympic group and adult
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Origin, Development
Cuju】 【Han Han and Tang dynasties in ancient China's most prosperous period of football development, developing into a direct confrontation of the competition. The Tang dynasty (the sixth 一 ○ 八 至九 years), Cuju ball used by the filled hair blowing into his mouth by people at the same time with two goal instead of "Ju room." In the Song Dynasty (AD 九六 ○ 至 1279), Kickball even developed a dual goal and one goal of the contest, as well as social or circle called Qiyun ball clubs will be organized there, and the mouth with a ball from person to blowing, developed to use the pump and closer to modern football. Han is the training of soldiers Cuju means to develop a more comprehensive system. If _set_ up a special court, the provisions of the rectangular east-west direction, each with six symmetrical at both ends, "Ju domain", also known as "Ju room", each guarded by one person. Space surrounded by walls. Competition is divided into two teams pitted against each other, scored the other party to decide the outcome of the number of rooms Ju. After the initial popularity of Han, Tang and Song dynasties Cuju culminated, and even the location of the division of labor according to the court style of play. Tang Kickball has a variety of ways, with the number of games top of the ball "hit Ju," hanging on the middle of a field, similar Wangshizuqiu the "Bust", several people involved in snatching the "Yue Ju", as well as the established goal of the game, each team in this way have a certain number and fixed location, provides players can only play in his place, can not be moved. In early 2004, FIFA confirmed that football originated in China, "Kickball" is the earliest historical records of football. "Warring States" and the "Historical Records" is the earliest recorded literature classics Cuju, the former describes the Spring and Autumn Period 2,300 years ago, the capital of Qi Linzi (now CHINA) popular kickball activities, while the latter records, kickball was the training of soldiers, soldiers will physically examine the way ("Ta Ju, potential soldiers also, so practice warrior, is also known to have wood") 【Brief Introduction】 before Song Kickball "Cuju," the term was first _set_ out in the "Su Historical Biography," described the Linzi King Xuan Su lobby: "Linzi is very rich and indeed, all the people blowing the pole, and the viol, bow step on those." Step on "or" quick fix "the meaning of kick." Ju ", the ball, that ancient football. Han Dynasty" Xijing, "" Salt and Iron "," Cuju book "," Liu Xiang not recorded, "the records are on the kickball. Three Northern and Southern Dynasties, the Kickball is not the bad habits are still popular. Tang Dynasty, kickball is still a very popular exercise, Du Fu poem reads: "Ten years is far Kan Ju will be young, custom swing with Miles." However, there great development. are mainly three: (1) with an inflated ball: "the fact that Class Garden Song" contains: "Analysis of the Functions note playing field Huo Ju bud says: 'Ju leather whom indeed the hair, quick fix step on the opera.' Yen so that the bow is to have different Late carry on. "Xu Jian," beginners mind ":" Opera said this Cuju cones. ancient knot of hair, fiber, now with the skin, where the cell is closed and the quick fix of Shi Qi. " (2) the establishment of the goal: "Book of General" "CuQiu cover began in the Tang, the two tall bamboo plants, high-Shu Zhang, network network in on the ball for the door to the degree; friends around half of the ball to corner the outcome, so why not tonight's the time of the change Ju? " (3) style of play varied: Two goal kicking: Tang Renzhong discredited "balloon Fu" in the records. Single-goal kicking: from "Cuju map" can be see reflected. No goal kicking: a single person or several people to play, as playing Ju; the men play called Bust; three or more games were played as households, farm households, such as three, four field households. 【The first documented fans】 Item at the Western Han Dynasty was the first recorded fan, but his experience is very unfortunate. "Shi Ji Bian Que positions in the public biography" reads: doctors Chunyu Yi for the item at the doctor, told him not to overwork, but the items at not listen, still go out to play, the results of hematemesis death, which makes entry into the world at the first in history to be investigated an avid "fan." 【】 Starting lineup in the history of the first Song "martial arts old things" has been listed in the "Thirty-two building ball" competition and position of the list when the two teams: "Left Military sixteen people: ball Zhang Jun, Rocker number one pity, is relying Zhu election, the first Shi Ze relying on the left pole network D interpretation, the right pole Network Zhang, Li Wu Chun and other casual; Youjun sixteen people: Ball Jane Lee, Jane Zhu Rocker the ball and is relying Zhu S, Zhang Ning, vice relying on the left Xu Bin pole network, the king made the right pole networks, such as bulk Chen Jun Li. " This is probably the first football history, "starting lineup" of the. History】 【Football To the Han Dynasty, with the game exclusively for soccer, known as "Ju City", Ju City, rectangular, 6 Ju rooms at each end, was on hole-shaped, symmetrical with each other, the venue is surrounded by walls. Flourishing Tang Dynasty is Cuju activities during this period, not only has made significant progress, and began exports of football, the first landing place of the United Kingdom. Cuju this as a complete product exports, it developed because at that time traffic, transportation is very backward, after several months of long distances, reaching the UK Kickball, horses have been exhausted, only one ball. But is such a ball, Britain is still regarded as treasures, exclusive event for the royal family only to prohibit civil enjoy this entertainment. 11th century the Danes invaded England. One day, in England by the digging battle, accidentally dug up a few Danish skull. Think of the criminal invasion of Denmark, the English people very angry, bitter directed at their heels, kick to the skull, the solution apart from anger, but also feels there is the fun of playing soccer. So, dig the battlefield more and more people in England participated in the play "ball" in the ranks. This patriotic act impressed the king of England, to reward the people, the king ordered the British royal family football folk open. Soon, football folk to spread, become a popular sports and entertainment activities. October 26, 1863, _set_ up in London, the world's first football organization - England Football Association, and the unified rules, the formal establishment of modern football. Ancient Chinese foot play called "Kickball." As early as 2,000 years ago in the Spring and Autumn Period, there will be a kickball game. Western Han Dynasty, the construction of the "Ju City", specifically for competition purposes. Prosperity of the Tang Dynasty is a period of Cuju activities, there has been replaced with a filling gas ball thing of the past filled with a hair ball, known as the "gas blanket", and the goal instead of a bow room. In the West, the 10th century, France, Italy, Britain and other countries have a soccer game. To the late 15th century with the "football," said, gradually developed into a modern football. October 26, 1863, the British _set_ up in London, the world's first football organization - the British Football Association, and a football uniform rules, people called this day as the birth of modern day football. The development of a total of 14 of the rules of football, which is the basis of the present football rules. 2 from the 1900 Olympic Games started, football is listed as an official Olympic sport, but it does not allow professional athletes to participate. May 21, 1904, FIFA was established in Paris. 1930, held once every 4 years World Championship (also known as the World Cup), the game lifted the restrictions on professional athletes. Since then, the increasing development of modern football. Legend in the 11th century, England and Denmark have had a war between the end of the war, the British discovered the ruins of war in the clean-up of a Danish invaders of the skull, out of resentment, they kick their feet to the skull, a group of children sees it, and also to play, but they found the skull it hurts to play, so the cattle inflatable bladder to replace it - this is the birth of modern football. In medieval England, football to become one of many young people are keen activity. They chase the ball on the narrow streets, people often end it passed to the window on the street. So the King of England had ordered a ban on playing football. From the 12th century to the 16th century, the King of England had published four times "football ban." However, due to the special charm of football, the ban failed to make it die. 1835, Sheffield was established in the UK the world's first football club. In 1863, in the United Kingdom has _set_ up the first Football Association. Since then, organized, under the constraint of certain rules of football began to spread throughout Europe from the UK, around the world. In the 19th century, football has been quite popular in Western European countries. In 1896 the first Olympic Games, will be one of football as a game, the result 9:0 victory over Denmark to Greece, becoming the first Olympic soccer title. In 1904, the United Kingdom, France, the Netherlands, Belgium, Spain, Sweden and Switzerland in the seven countries of the Football Association _set_ up the International Football Federation, France, and the _select_ion of French blue cap as the first Chairman of the FIFA 2010 World Cup in South Africa.
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Football ground to become the world's first sport
First, the essence of sport: a collection of football itself, the movement of human features, among athletes suddenly start, raced scrimmage, just like a sprint; goalkeeper under the vertical jump, horizontal flutter Cepu, like jumping project ; a good athlete who Daoguajingou flexibility, diving header, like gymnastics; reasonable collision between two players, but also a bit like rugby's show of strength and beauty ... ... Second, the popularity: football less demanding on the participants is an important reason. Football player, height too fat, not big problems, unlike other sports. For example, rugby, certainly suffer a great deal of small block header; basketball is the "long man" their world. The football is different, so give all the children around the world offer to do "Star Dream" of opportunity. Third, unpredictable nature: the contingency of the results of football matches is caused by an important reason for fanatical football fans around the world. Because in the football world, there is no absolute teams. Manchester United may be an unknown and even the amateur second division team "toppled." Brazil star has piled up in the Olympic tournament in the tender was then also beat the Japanese team. 1966, football, "Third World" of the Korean team beat the Italian team had entered the World Cup quarterfinals. Therefore, in soccer game, until the last moment, you never know the results. Fourth, handsome: football valiant cause of you big handsome guy is a football "world movement" causes can not be ignored. The reason is simple, have a look of worship crush all ran to the stadium despite watching (mainly Man), and that their boyfriends will not worry you? Even less interested in football men, they have to follow his girlfriend ran to the golf course, live to see his girlfriend, do not let her be who pitches "glamorous" is the most important thing away. Fifth, the environment: the fans as patrons, there was a coveted football feast, but "eat" the atmosphere is better. Lively atmosphere, spectacular, these pitches are in place. Hot and sultry than badminton hall, a table tennis table than a small, wide pitch, look how magnificent and exciting. VI freedom: with tens of thousands of hundreds of thousands of booing fans noisy. Frankly, if watching to be quiet, that who would go to watch a soccer match. VII controversial: "the greatest charm of football is that it is controversial." A visionary man said the words of a visionary. The old man is a former FIFA president Joao Havelange. Yes, if a very fine football is "dead", it is mechanical, then football will lose its great charm. Because judges are human, may be miscarriage of justice, may match-fixing bribery, etc., have a massive controversy and more people's attention.
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Sports Features
Football has so much charm lies not only in football pregnant with rich content, but also with the characteristics of football related. First, integrity. Football play each team from 11 entries. 11 pitch thinking and action to be consistent and attack the full-motion, full-proof code, stronger sense of the overall war. Only the formation of the overall offensive and defensive, to obtain the initiative in the game and good results of the competition. Second, the overall resistance. Soccer great venue, the number, how to make good use of space and the number is a key outcome. Both use of effective mass cut, smooth layers of defense with a breakthrough, through space to mobilize a wide range of moving the ball to find each other to achieve the purpose of defense vulnerability or torn. Football League season at the same time is very long, very heavy competition, a rational allocation of physical fitness, proper rotation of players are taken into full consideration the elements of the season. Third, the precise nature. Football crude and refined, big man is very wise. Emphasis on individual dribbling technical detail in place, proper time, and sometimes a few steps short of the time difference or the distance will cause a breakthrough, pass from even the score! The two players fight, not only in football, are constantly in the psychological battle: petty harassment, causing great pressure on each other's fear of movement, speech provoked anger on others, the key moment of the ball under pressure (such as a penalty when striker and the goalkeeper's mentality, whether they can stay awake overtime) are things to watch football and the Department can chew. Fourth, confrontational. Football is a competitive antagonism project, the race for the fight for control of the two sides to reach the ball scored the other goal, but let the ball into the goal and purpose of the party to start the fight close combat, especially in the two penalty area near the time and space ferocious battle is even more unusual, exciting. A high level of competition, both fell to the ground due to contention and collision frequency of up to 200 times more visible against the intense. V. variability. Football is a technical colorful, unpredictable tactics, the outcome difficult to predict the outcome of aperiodic sports, games using skills and tactics when the other party directly affected by the interference constraints and resistance. Tactics is the spot in accordance with the specific circumstances of flexible use of them and play. Six and easy sex. Competition Rules Football relatively concise, facilities and equipment requirements are not high. General football game time, number of participants, venue and equipment are not subject to strict restrictions, so it is a very easy-to-body exercises carried out mass sports items. The earliest known star】 【 Song, playing artists organized their own groups, known as the "social circle", special events and competitions to promote kickball. Gao Qiu to the Northern Song Dynasty was born in a round society, Wang Mingqing of the "command after the dust recorded" records, Gao Qiu superb game, as escort Huizong play, was promoted to the front of the hall Douzhihuishi, which is probably the earliest known star One of the. Song Liu Bin's "Zhongshan Poetry" is due to play and record another famous person, scholar Liu The Three outstanding game, he knows that like to play D prime minister, to promotion, every day, and waiting for the government in the course of the wall of the prime minister, One day, until finally the ball flying out of the wall, Liu picked up the ball to the three re-name the ball into the Xiangfu also in the small audience with that, he threw the ball in the air, side bow, side with the head, shoulders, back, etc. top part of the ball, the ball has not landed Seeing that big Yue Ding, gave Liu a three-office complex. Spring and Autumn Period to the Yuan and Ming times, Kickball undergone development to the climax of the process, but the Qing Dynasty, the event has entered a decline. In 1863, the birth of modern football in England, opened another chapter in history of football development. 】 【Birth of modern football Audience game 1893 From the 8th century to the 19th century, the predecessor of modern football in every way there is in Europe until 1863, the first official soccer rules of the game established in the UK, which also marked the birth of modern football. The impulse of a boy The 19th century, football can be restored and some of the colleges in the UK extensively. At the time there is no uniform rules football, the game within the rectangular space, time and number of entries between the two parties agreed, passed the ball to the other side of the valve stem within the score. During this period, the University of Cambridge, Hatton Public School, New School University, Clifton has its own style of play, no one thought to unify the rules of football. At that time, the most unlucky people specially for the race to be considered "certified mediator," who was the predecessor of the referee, is responsible for recording goals and dispute resolution and dispute, but because there is no uniform rule, always difficult to convince people of these mediators always a subject of dozens of people in pursuit of the audience and the siege. A boy's impulse to change everything. November 21, 1823, in a game, a man named William - Weber - Aisi Li's 15-year-old boy who suddenly picked up the ball by hand, holding it toward the field to attack each other. This action subsequently led to a big debate on football rules, and people are aware of the need to _set_ uniform rules of football. In the debate, the party endorsed the hands and feet, gradually developing for today's football game, and adhere to the only party with their feet, then began to explore the rules of modern soccer and the creation. 【Pub in the birth of the world's first sports】 Birth of modern football Masonic Tavern Masonic pub in the meeting, also _set_ up the FA and the situation in words the world's first recorded football uniform rules, two months after the December 26, 1863, FA伦敦克鲁米 Mercer Street in a small hotel meeting again, refining the rules of football as a 14, and began to promote football in the country, and now the world's first swept the global movement was born. Participate in the meeting Masonic Tavern 11 Club and the College: Forest Club (later renamed the Rangers); Jill Byrne; Barnes; War Office; Crusaders; Percival; Blake Hayes Club; Kensington College; Sol Beaton; Blake Hayes School; Crystal Palace .
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Standard Rules
【First】 a soccer rules 1. Site area, 150 yards long, wide and 100 yards. In each of the sidelines 25 yards from the end line, the _set_ two sign posts. 2. The goal _set_ by the two pole composed of feet apart. 3. With the coin chosen goal or kicking off. 4. The first half playing time after the exchange site. 5. When the player kicked the ball when the ball with the team standing in front of any player other players closer than the other end of the line, shall not participate in the competition contact with the ball, do not hinder the other members in any way touch the ball. 6. When the ball was kicked out of the sidelines was a dead ball, the other in a direct kick the ball out of bounds place of admission, the resumption of competition. 7. When a team when the ball kicked out the other end line, the other can be any member who should get the ball in the vertical side line ball 25 yards sent a free kick. 8. When the ball comes, the other players can not touch the ball behind the end line. 9. If the ball landed after the end line and sideline flag pole outside, the free kick should end line 25 yards away from the hair. 10. When a player to play any ball, not with the team members in between him and the other end line, and the other players can not stand within 10 yards from him. 11. Players can choose to play any ball in any way. 12. The ball from the pole or between two infinite height from the top across the meantime, count wins the game. 13. In the match, the ball can touch any part of the body, but not the hand, arm, shoulder support, hit the ball. 14. All is fair legal impact, but prohibit the use of hugs, pushing, tripping off their feet or noise. The original rules of the formal announcement by the England Football Association president published in the (BELIS LIFE) magazine. Football Association after three years of additional provisions, the goal height of 6 yards, width of 8 yards, one way or another piece of string between two columns, as the goal height. Rule 11 a-side football Introduction football venue (A) the court 1, the golf course area must comply with the rules. FIFA World Cup finals has provided the venue is 105 meters long, 68 meters wide. Primary venue for domestic games can be adapted to local conditions, but in any case, the edge of the goal line length must be longer than the length of the floor area of each region shall not change. 2, the court surface must be flat, suitable hardness in order not to harm athletes and do not affect the normal operation of the principle of the ball. FIFA World Cup Organizing Committee for the World Cup may not have instructions on the pitch for artificial turf. (B) boundary 1, the court of the line to be flush with the ground shall not be made above ground V-grooves or convex line. The color line to be clear. Best to use the land court or mortar lime powder painting line, natural turf is appropriate lime Pastel line, do not use lime powder or mortar poured paintings. In order to prevent rainfall, can also draw lines with white paint, but not with wood, brick or rubble filled trench and other objects for the line. 2, site of the line width of not more than 12 cm (12 cm generally appropriate.) Edge and the width of the goal line should be included within the site area, the width of other lines in the region should also be included within the area. Goal area and penalty area in the measurement should be from the goal posts inside and measured from the outer edge of the goal line. The width of the goal line must equal the width of the goalposts. (C) of the sideline and goal line 1, with the goal line delineated edge football players at the football game is the basic activity area. After the start of the race without the referees permission, and other staff members will be allowed to play. 2, when the whole ball crossed the sideline or in the air from the ground or the ball outside the goal line, is the ball out of bounds from a dead ball, foul ball, respectively, to throw, kick or corner kick resume playing gateball. 3, between the goal line goal is to determine whether the door of the standard line of the ball, only when the whole ball over the goal from the ground or in the air within the calculation of this line before the ball door. 4, a penalty kick, the defender between the goal keeper to be standing on the goal line. 5, in the other penalty area the ball when an indirect free kick, goal if the ball between the goal line from less than 9.15 meters, members of the defending side is allowed to stand on the goal line. (D) Transfer 1, the center line to the audience is divided into two equal halves, the width of the center line should be included in within the area of each half. 2, kick-off, the two players must stand inside own half (and the defending players must not enter the circle.) When the referee whistle, the ball is kicked and moves forward, the game side to start, then both teams can enter the other half. 3, no team in the own half offside foul. (E) goal area 1, can be any point in the goal area and the side to play gateball kick. 2, when the ball in the goal area, the referee that the game was stopped, if dropping the ball when the game resumed, the ball should stop the race location of the nearest, and the goal line goal area line parallel to the falling ball. 3, where the goal area in the other indirect free kick the ball should be in place from the nearest foul, with the goal of equality in the goal area line online implementation. (F) the penalty area 1 goalkeeper in the penalty area to hand the ball side. 2 players in the penalty area against the rules of the party liable to Chapter XII of the ten direct free kick foul in any of the time, should Penalty Kicks. 3, play gateball or any of the side kick penalty area the ball: (1) the other party should withdraw from the penalty area. (2) must direct the ball kicked out of the penalty area, the race to recover. 4, the penalty kick, in addition to kick players with each other goalkeeper, the other team members to be in the penalty area and penalty arc outside the venue, behind the penalty spot; when the ball is kicked and moves forward, the game shall be resumed, At this point players can enter the penalty area. (G) corner arc Corner kick, the ball must Fangding arc in the corner. (Viii) the penalty spot Penalty kick, the ball must Fangding in the penalty point. Erosion due to heavy rain, when the penalty spot obscure, from the penalty spot to determine the position of referee. Exact location: the goal line in the vertical, the distance 7.2 m (12 yards). Point Commonly known as the midpoint of the center line of kick-off point. Tee, the ball must Fangding the point. (X) in the ring Kick-off, the defending players must stand outside the circle in the own half. This free kick with the kick, the defending players must stand at least 9.15 meters away from the ball the same meaning, and its role is to ensure that members of the attacking side to play against each other when the obstruction. (K) penalty arc Penalty free throw, in addition to kick players with each other goalkeeper, the other team members to be in the penalty area and penalty arc outside the venue, behind the penalty spot; when the ball is kicked and moves forward, the game shall be resumed, this time before entering the penalty arc team. (Xii) corner flag 1, the corner flag was a symbol around the site, should be perpendicular to the vertical edge and the goal line at the outer edge of the intersection. 2, the angle of the flagpole's height (peak of the staff to the ground) not less than 1.50 meters, the top rod should be flat to prevent the stabbing member. Corner flag color of the flag should be used with the Assistant Referee and the significant difference between color space, using the lights when night games, free white corner flag. Corner flag can be made of cloth or silk material, size is generally 30 cm × 40 cm. (M) Transfer of flag From the sidelines in the middle at both ends of at least 1 m, can be erected and the corner flag of the center line of the flag the same size as the center line of the sign. It useful to judge offside. (Xiv) goal The goal should be the venue fixed, post and beams should be the same width and thickness. Goal color must be white. Exact specifications are: goal 7.2 m × 2.4 meters. Goal nets 1, the goal is to help judge the role of networks to see whether the ball into the goal, so the goal can only be hung behind the goal net, goal firmly attached to the beams, columns, the bottom of the nails on the ground, do not let the ball pass through. Shall not be nailed to the post linked to the side or along the beam. 2, the goal nets should be properly propped up, so that there is sufficient space for activities goalkeeper and into the net after the ball will not pop up. More generally used from behind the goal net with a rope to pull up method. (P) around the site 1, in accordance with the race organization requirements, the outside of the goal line (typically 2 meters away from the corner flag, the ball six districts of the intersection line and the goal line 3.5 m, the goal posts 6 meters) to draw a limited line of photographers, photography should behind this line. If the back of billboards. 2, officials of the seats in the fourth off near the middle of the extended line of; substitute seats seats in from the fourth official about 10 meters on each side and at the corresponding homogeneous. The team's coach, substitute and staff should be on the bench. Number of seats to the bench in accordance with the requirements of organizations to determine race, our country identified as 14 seats. 3, the technical area. The term technology zone "football competition rules" in Chapter III Council resolutions, international football has been mentioned in the second, the region and promising team of technical staff and substitutes available seats. Technology area can be done based on site conditions on the size and position adjustment. The following is a _set_ of general guidance technology areas: (1) technical area outward from the bench on both sides of 1 meter, 1 meter away from the edge within the region. (2) proposed tag line clear of the area. (3) the number of technology within the region by the competition rules of order. (4) According to competition rules and technical personnel within the region should be recognized before the game. (5) allows only one person in the technical area for tactical command, command and return immediately after the end of the bench. (6) coaches and other officials must be limited to the technical area, except under special circumstances, such as physical therapists or medical staff to allow entry in the View by the referee when the players were injured. (7) technology in the region coaches and other personnel must be responsible for their actions. (Xvii) Check the site Referees should carefully check the venue. Before the game and halftime, the blurred boundaries (especially near the goal line) to make the officer to re-draw. Resulting in a muddy field as a result of rain and snow, the line is not clear, the provisions in the field around the position of plug 10 little flags, flags are 1 meter away from the boundary, flags of the same specifications and corner flag, to help referees Members make their judgments. FIFA rules panel resolution (1) The maximum area of international competition court: length 110 meters and the width Tiananmen meters. (2) national football associations must strictly comply with the regulations of the area, layout of course. In organizing international competitions, must be before the game, the competition will take place and the stadium area, notify the visiting team's national football associations. (3) The rules of the International Football Association team, has agreed to the rules of imperial and metric used in the control (4) end of the line width, and the goal posts and crossbar shall be the same thickness, so the line outside the goal posts should be the same width. (5) In order to plan the goal area and penalty area line at the end of volume six yards and eighteen yards distance from the goal posts must be measured from the inner side. (6) golf course area, including the width of the venue, including the regional boundaries. (7) All of the games, according to soccer rules should be standard equipment supply, especially in international competition, especially should pay attention to the circumference of the ball, and other facilities. If sub-standard equipment, must report to the International Football Association. (9) States Football Association, the provisions in the rules within the first chapter, the thickness of the crossbar and post, a lot of width and the minimum amount the most appropriate requirements. (10) post and the crossbar must be wood, metal or any group recognized by the International Football Association rules for the material made. Its shape can be square, rectangular, round, semi-circular or oval. Other materials not available to post and crossbar made of other shapes. (11) in international competitions before the words "off season" day of the competition shall be representatives of the Association by the two countries, and act as referee in the field of international competitions, examined the situation at that time to make a decision space. (12) National Football Association, especially the international competition organized by the Association, must be limited Sheying numbers and away from the goal line outside the place is not more than ten meters, two meters long flat line at least from the angle of roughly the same distance from flagpole should be banned photographers over the line, it should prohibit the use of flash. Materials and standard of football The ball is round, with leather or other suitable material, generally for 12 black pentagons and 10 regular hexagon fabric put together from fabrics. The circumference of the sphere, not exceed 70 cm (28 inches), not less than 68 cm (27 inches). The weight of the ball in the beginning of the race, not more than 450 grams (16 ounces), not less than 410 grams (14 oz.) Ball pressure, at sea level atmospheric pressure is 0.6 to 1.1 (600 grams per square centimeter to 1100 grams per square inch = 8.5 to 15.6 lbs.) Replace sub-standard in the game if the ball, the ball is broken or not up to standard: stop play. Replacement of standard ball, the ball burst in the location, dropping the ball to start game. If the ball is in the goal area at that time, the location of the ball dropping in the goal area line parallel to the goal line closest to the location of the game was stopped the ball location. If it is not in the game, such as the midfield kick, goal kick, corner kick, free kick, penalty kick or throw admission, the ball cracking or sub-standard: in accordance with rules to re-start the race. Game time, the referee has not been agreed, can not replace the game ball.
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Position players
GK - goalkeeper (GK) SW - sweeper (sweeper delayed Zhongwei) CB - center backfielder (central defender) LCB-left center backfielder (left halfback) RCB-right center backfielder (from right halfback) CWP-cweeper (free people, assists in the atmospheric pressure on the back) SB - side backfielder (backs) LB - left backfielder (left guard) RB - right backfielder (right guard) WB-wing backfielder (winger) LWB - left wing backfielder (left rear wing attack position) RWB - right wing backfielder (after the right wing attack position) WF-wing middlefielder (side of lower back wing capability, both offensive and defensive midfielder) SMF-side middlefielder (winger) LMF - left midfielder (left of the avant-garde) RMF - right midfielder (right of the avant-garde) DMF - defence midfielder (defensive midfielder or defensive midfielder) CMF - center midfielder (balanced offensive and defensive midfielder in the avant-garde midfielder) OMF - offensive midfielder (playmaker Frontal) AMF - attactive midfielder (avant-garde Frontal Attack) WF - wing forward (winger) LWF - left wing forward (left wing) RWF - right wing forward (right wing) ST - striker (shadow striker) SS - second striker (forward) CF - center forward (center)
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Movement pattern
】 【Modern football Modern football, first produced in the 19th century England. Mankind has entered the 20th century, football has entered the 20th century. Whether the legend that the head of the enemy on the battlefield, or people with kicking a football game between the two cities, have become the past. Modern football is necessary to start, and gradually formed a professional league. 1903, Belgium, Denmark, France, Netherlands, Spain and other countries negotiate the establishment of an international football organization, however, is the birthplace of British enthusiasm for football is not high. But football is popular in Europe and America began. In Italy, the UK immigration back in 1893 on the establishment of Genoa, 1899, the British and the Italians and working together to build today's green giants-AC Milan, 1899. Italy also founded the Federation Championship, winning six of Genoa before the 7th Army, AC Milan won the championship in 1901. In South America, soccer was the British sailors, immigrants and was brought here, Thomas. Sir Lipton Lipton Cup founder, became the Rio de la Plata between Uruguay and Argentina on both sides of the Tournament Now the most famous football league's top five European leagues (Serie. Premier League, La Liga, Bundesliga, French) 】 【Football From American football or rugby football is a football. Introduced by the British USA Rugby. Mid-nineteenth century, the eastern United States often hold a similar football game, participants had just kicked the ball that scored the other goal line. Participating team members up to 30 people, sometimes more. Since this can only kicked the first American football, so called FOOTBALL, meaning that football, still in use today, and now some people still call this football as football. Rugby spread to America, people put the rules changes, including to be a forward pass. The game will often have a physical collision with the other players, so players should wear protective clothing and helmet to play. American football is the competition of American popular sport. Mainly with the ball or drop in two ways. There are several scoring methods, including the ball over the bottom line, drop to the bottom line after teammate, or to direct the ball over on the ground between two goal posts, also known as shot. End of game time when a team scores more wins. American football first by Harvard students in a name "-" the ball games start, the movement aims to rival ran with the ball. In the United States after the Civil War began in college football is widely popular. This movement is similar to the original with the English football, Yale coach Camp (- {Walter Camp} -) close to it to improve football. Severe physical impact of the contest, there are reports that players in the game of death, President Theodore Roosevelt ordered the rules of the game change it did not lead to the demise of the movement. 】 【Street soccer Street soccer streetfootball, streetsoccer Street foot originated in Brazil and Europe. After long-term accumulation and evolution has become a street full singled out by the one-, three on three cages race fs artistic performances, street dance, street music and other elements of the unique culture of the streets, because Street foot created for the physically and unlimited freedom of thought and imagination, by the fanatical pursuit of youth, street enough to go beyond ethnic and national boundaries, swept the globe. Of events Football League began in 1957, is the highest level of football competition, a team in 10 years. 1957 establishment of A, B system and youth leagues such as lifting a systematic system of national competition. 1957,1958 have participated in 12 First Division teams. 1 due to host the 1959 National Games, League did not hold, but held the national football championship. 1960-1963 in the National League for up to 29-39 teams, from 1964 to 1966 for the 12 teams were all <1966 did not match End>, from 1966 to 1977 because of the "Cultural Revolution" impact, forced to suspend competition. League play resumed in 1978, the 1st year, spring race, the end of the end, generally have 16 teams participate in the competition and the use of double loop <phase> centralized match competition system, by weaving points, goal difference, goals in order Arrange seats in the last four teams ranked down to second division, and promoted to Class B ranks of the top 4. 1983 5th National Games was held, when the League points north and south two districts, with home and away double round robin system, with no implementation of relegation. 1984 China hosted the first FA Cup match, when the Serie A relegation, the FA Cup before the game get the team to retain the 16 seats in Class A, Section 17-24 of the teams to participate in the second division next year. 1982 In order to improve the level of football, and taking into account the national team to participate in annual training team league could not return to the actual situation, and constantly on the league's competition system has been reformed, such as corners, free kicks, the first door nets, a ball meter by 2 goals; not allow a tie, 90-minute fighting penalty and to determine the winner; national team subsidies points; repeal wins 2 points, and field teams get 1 point, the negative field scoring system was 0 , change wins 3 points, and field teams get 1 point, the negative field and 0 points system and so on. 1987, the 6th National Games was held, was divided in Serie A, B2 group competition, received the top 8 of 1986 Class A team to participate in group games, with home and away double round robin system; 1986, Grade 9 to 16 and the B team to participate in B group before the four games, tournament games by double-cycle system of centralized, there is no implementation of relegation. League in 1988 in 2 stages, stage 1 to obtain the top 12 teams and the team after the 8, phase 2 trial of re-divided into 2 groups, access to the top 8 team, the first 9-18 team and League championship that year were Class A in 1989 to participate in group and B group competitions; won the first 19,20 were reduced to second division team. After 1989, the last two Class A group decreased B, Class B Group 2 before and after two were promoted to Class A downgraded to B group and the two teams into the 90's, in order to improve our football standard , the first in the Class A group of home and away match system implemented in 1992, also introduced in the Class B group home and away match system. Held in 1993 for the 7th National Games, League did not hold. The 15th World Cup qualifiers, the Chinese team team failed to qualify, prompting the Chinese Football Association to take more reform measures, and improve the level of football, this decision has been implemented since 1994, Football Club, Class A, B group all 12 teams, visits to home and away match system; Class A group reduced to the last two Class B; Class B Group 2 before and after four groups and were increased to Class A downgraded to second division ; Class A group of teams will get 60% of the club's ticket revenue share. In 1992, Red Yamaguchi Beijing conference for the Chinese national football football opened the curtain of professional reform. In 1994, China A A League Soccer The official opening of the Chinese Football started a new chapter in reform. Chinese football career really began with the nature of the league. In 2001, the national football conference in Shenzhen clear the twenty-first century football development plan, launched the Chinese Football Association Super League plans. 2004, with the improvement of China's competitive level of soccer and football market continues to mature, the Chinese Football Association, summed up China, based on years of professional football in order to further enhance the level of professional football competition in China and the brand, officially launched the "Chinese Football Association Super League "(short: Super League). April 2006, to further improve the Chinese football market-oriented industry, the Chinese Football Association Super League competition with all the clubs _set_ up a Super League jointly funded limited liability company (referred to as: super-companies).
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International events
World Cup FIFA World Cup (FIFAWorld Cup Competition), referred to as the World Cup (the old translation of the World Football Championship) is the unified leadership by the International Football Federation and organizations worldwide football. Each game from the preliminaries to the finals and it took three years to participate in nearly 100 countries qualifying. It is the world's largest, most influential, highest level of football competition, the audience is the world's largest sports event. October 7, 2001, the Chinese men's soccer team in World Cup qualifying win the group ahead of the first to 6 wins and 1 loss record 1 the first among the World Cup finals. Introduction Previous World Cup Session of the year the number of host championship runner-up Runner-up 11930 Uruguay Uruguay Argentina 21934 意大利 Italy, Czech and Germany 31938 法国 Italy, Hungary and Brazil Brazil, Uruguay, Brazil and Sweden 41950 51954 West Germany, Hungary and Austria, Switzerland 61958 瑞典 Brazil, Sweden and France 71962 智利 Brazil, Czech and Chile 81966 West England, England, Portugal 91970 Mexico, Brazil and Italy West Germany 101,974 西德西德荷 Lan Bolan 111,978 阿根廷 Argentina, Netherlands and Brazil West Germany, Poland, Spain, Italy 121 982 West Germany, France, Mexico and Argentina 131,986 141 990 West Germany, Italy, Argentina and Italy 151994 美国 Brazil, Italy and Sweden 161,998 法国 France, Brazil and Croatia 17 2002 (Japan, South Korea) Brazil, Germany and Turkey 18 Germany 2006 Italy, France and Germany 19 2010 South Africa 202 014 Brazil Olympic Soccer Held in Greece in 1896 1st Olympic Games, football is the exhibition project. 2 from the Olympic Games in 1900, the football is listed as an official event. International Olympic Committee charter provides that only amateur soccer players to participate in the Olympic Games. Provisions added in 1979, the European and South American countries, who participated in the World Cup athletes, the Olympics can not be football. Athletes from other countries not subject to this restriction. 1988 Seoul Olympics to allow professional athletes to participate, but the provisions of the European and South American countries, who participated in the World Cup athletes, the Olympics can not be football. FIFA 1989 has done on this basis, the following provisions: participated in the World Cup to allow professional athletes to participate in the Olympic soccer players age limit of 23 years of age, each team is allowed three over-age players, which is the Olympic team short. After qualifying into the finals a total of 16 teams, that is, four teams in Europe, Asia, Africa, the three teams, North and South America the two teams, plus defending champion team and the current host country team. Recent final stage, the first sub-four preliminary groups, each group then compiled into two groups before the two methods using cross-match semi-finals. The first two groups in the semi-finals 1 championship decision, the first two of two groups compete 3,4 name. European Cup In 1953, FIFA held in Paris organized by the Special Representative of the General Assembly approved the European League, June 15, 1954, UEFA _set_ up. The following year, the club began to hold the Champions League Cup in 1956 and began preparations for the national team held by European countries to participate in the competition. Two years later, the first European Nations Cup (formerly the European Cup) qualifiers started. America's Cup African Cup of Nations Africa African Cup of Nations football field is the highest specifications of the event, held every two years by the African Football Association. African Nations Cup started in 1968, but had previously held from time to time. In 1957, the first African Nations Cup, only three countries to participate, they are Egypt, Sudan, Ethiopia. Participation from all African countries, began a qualifying round, now has 16 seats in the final week. Asian Cup Organized by the Asian Football Confederation's Asian team to participate in a competition, tournament will be held every four years.
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Football Terminology
Curve ball football technical terms. Instructed to play the ball was running arc technology. Football in operation, due to strong rotation, so that both sides of the formation of air pressure difference generated. As the ball was run arc-shaped, it is commonly known as "Xiang Jiaoqiu." Curve ball kick, the foot should be off the site of the ball hitting the center of gravity. Commonly used in the bypass line in the middle of the defensive players pass, or shot in the confusion the goalkeeper to make a wrong judgments. Direct free kick penalty when shot with a curve ball is an important method of scoring. Diving net smash football technical terms. Goalkeeper's net smash a more difficult technology. To kick the ball firmly placed in the same side, opposite side Tuiqu Xi put swing, leaping out of the body vacated net smash. Free front side due to a leap, increasing the scope of control, it could be saved with the other actions the ball flew hard. Scavenger take specific defensive football defender delayed the task of another name. 8 1966 World Soccer Championship, the "stick to the steady attack" under the influence of tactical thinking, in order to strengthen the defense, in the back behind the line to arrange a team whose responsibility is to keep not only the attack, the complement of the implementation of a single bit defensive tasks, " scutched "attack to the side the ball in front of the ball, hence the name. Attacking football the whole tactic of the Code of Practice. A team of 10 outfield players in attacking and defensive duties, known as the "total defensive." According to offensive and defensive game needs, each player can play at any one location, the role of the position players. The tactics of the team broke the shackles of Zhenshi can fully mobilize the enthusiasm of players and play ability. Meanwhile, players in the physical, technical, tactical, and will, fighting style aspects, but also put forward higher requirements. 1974 10th World Football Championship, there is such a game, known as the third international football in the history of change. Xiadichuanzhong tactic of attacking football. Refers to the edge attack, the ball breaking through individual or collective cooperation to push the ball to each other near the end line, and then spread to the other side the ball a long way in front of the tactics. Attacking side in the fast-forward, often by other fledgling defense position, the use of this method in the middle of your opponent to score goals. Also known as peripheral mass "45 ° angle pass." Tactic of attacking football. When the attacking side has the ball near the sideline with the other members of about 45 ° to the goal of the region, used the long pass to the top of the ball near the penalty area in the other companions, companions for the ball with the head continuous attack, known as the "peripheral biography. " Especially in the defending team has time to return, and 30-40 meters in front of goal-intensive areas, leading to the other goal of the road has been sealed, or the attacking side has a tall, strong striker Zhengding ball players, the use of This play can get good results. Cross transposition of football tactics terminology. Offensive player game to get rid of each other's defense, running around the middle of the transposition of the tactical coordination method. The most common are: the left side of the team before the players sprint to the right side of the ball, pass the right team, the cross went to the left position. The change in tactics with the players in this position only within the scope of the style of play, making more varied tactics. Long ball tactic of attacking football break. Breakthrough in the use of long-range pass defense tactics other methods. Modern football game, and more for quick counter-attack. Defensive players in the side intercept the ball in front of the ball, use the other less back pressure on the offensive against the time after the long pass in front of peers suddenly to break each other's defense. Plug one attacking football offensive tactics. That in the second and third line of avant-garde, guard members, _insert_ the first line of tactical approaches to participate in the attack. Depth due to the distance, it is easy to get rid of their defense, and the second and third line players in the plug has a large hidden and surprise. Therefore, the more threatening. Back into the forward line of attack is directly involved in the whole entire defensive tactics of attack is an important sign. Zonal defensive tactics of football. Classified according to the position of each player's defensive zone must, in the designated range, the main method of using the defensive stations, rather than tight marking. This allows the offensive team pass the ball more easily, and in the same area more than two offensive players, the defense to difficult. The more passive defensive tactics, can not meet the needs of football development, is now rarely used. Terms of football tactics fill the seats. A game with the method of collective defense. Refers to the defensive player of the team a break by his opponent, another team went to closure. They fill the seats with the foundation of collective defense. Defender to maintain proper distance between them and the point of view, is the premise of timely fill the seats. Mainly refers to the past when defensive back line with players. Contemporary all-attacking football the whole defensive tactics, and fill the seats of the content has also been a corresponding development. As between the front and the health of the players attack each other in a position of exchange, has become an important part of fill the seats to fill the seats on the technical and tactical awareness of players put forward higher requirements. Defensive tactic of defensive intensity. 30 meters in front of the ball area often called the "danger zone." Game, the two sides to a solid defense, often guarded by large numbers of people organized in the region, forming dense state, to enhance protection and reduce the gap to block the other's breakthroughs, known as intensive defensive tactics. Making Offside Trap is a defensive tactics. According to the rules: offensive players in the pass, the ball with the other players such as defensive team between the end line, compared with less than 2 offside. Defensive Player of the use of this provision, before passing the other very short period of time, suddenly ran forward and caused the other players with the ball between the end line of the side of a defender of the situation so that the other offside foul. This is the offside tactics against each other to "create Offside" tactics adopted an offensive tactic. When the offensive player aware of the defensive tactics of those who created them offside damage to the offensive side, the time to change the direction of pass, so that the players behind the ball or plug in their rapid advance directly Daiqiu Shemen, so that the other back against Buji. Also called a wall fence tactics tactics. In front of danger in their own region, when the other person kicks, a couple of defenders and arranged in "human fence" to help the goalkeeper to seal some of the other point of view shot. Wall type II had a game a extraordinary tactical offensive, that they had formed one situation, the two a pass all re-transmission of a one ball out of the ball, the ball came to pass, like those hit Like the wall, thus speeding up the extraordinary speed, hence the name. There are world football World Cup and Olympic soccer tournament. World Cup is the most striking is the highest degree of attention, most intense football competition. In addition, local football, such as the European Cup, Asian Cup and so on. Five leagues in Europe Europe is the world's five major league professional, commercial best, the highest level league. Five leagues including: English Premier League, La Liga, Serie A, French, German Bundesliga. Football Club South American football club is also influential, the most famous Boca Juniors, River Plate, Sao Paulo, Santos and other teams. They called the intercontinental Copa Libertadores match.
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Past winner of the World Player of the
The nationality of the year Zinedine Zidane France 1998 players Messi Argentina 2009 2008 C. Ronaldo Portugal Kaka of Brazil 2007 Fabio Cannavaro Italy 2006 2005 Ronald Dini Obasi 2004 Ronald Dini Obasi Zidane France 2003 Ronaldo Brazil 2002 Luis Figo of Portugal 2001 Zidane France 2000 1999 Rivaldo Brazil Zidane France 1998 Ronaldo Brazil 1997 Ronaldo Brazil 1996 Weah of Liberia 1995 Romario of Brazil 1994 1993 Robert. Baggio Italy 1992 Van Basten Netherlands 1991, Matthaeus, Germany International League of professional players (FIFPro) best team in recent years 2005-2006 Goalkeeper Gianluigi Buffon Defender Lilian Thuram Cannavaro Zambrotta Terry Midfielder Andrea Pirlo Zidane Kaka Striker Samuel Eto'o Henry Ronaldinho (the best player) 2006-2007 Goalkeeper Gianluigi Buffon Defender Alessandro Nesta Carles Puyol Cannavaro Tree C · midfielder Kaka, Ronaldo (best player) Steven Gerrard Striker Didier Drogba Ronaldinho Lionel Messi 2007-2008 Goalkeeper Iker Casillas Defender John Terry Carles Puyol Ferdinand Ramos Harvey midfielder Steven Gerrard Kaka C · forward Lionel Messi Torres Ronaldo (best player)
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Football world's top ten brands
1 Adidas Adidas (the world brand, started in 1948, Germany) 2 Nike Nike (world brand, started in 1972) 3 PUMA PUMA (the world brand, founded in 1948 in Germany 荷索金劳勒) 4KAPPA Capa (1972 Italy) 5 Lotto LOTTO (1973 in Italy) 6STAR World of (South Korean brand, one of the world's leading sports brand) 7 Umbro UMBRO (world brand, started in 1924 the United Kingdom) 8 Fei Yue FILA (started in 1926, the famous Italian brand) 9 Mizuno MIZUNO (one of the world's leading sports brands, Japanese brands) 10 Diadora DIADORA (classic Italian brand founded in 1948)
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Encyclopedia
zuqiu Football soccer Development Overview someone to play the ancient Greek legend, after the Romans inherited, but was a Roman emperor banned. After the 10th century, France, Italy, Britain and other countries have a soccer game. However, when countries call for this game is not the same. To the late 15th century it was called "football" (soccer), and gradually developed into a modern football. October 26, 1863, the British _set_ up in London, one of the world's first football organization ─ ─ Football Association, and the unity of the football rules. People this day as the birth of modern day football. The British first developed a total of 14 soccer rules, which is the basis of the present football rules. This association to the sport called "Association Football" (association football), but at the time the school is commonly called the British soccer, now also known as the international soccer (see foreign modern sports history.) May 21, 1904, France, Belgium, Spain, the Netherlands, Denmark, Sweden, Switzerland and other 7 countries on behalf of the Football Association held a meeting in Paris, an international organization established ─ ─ Football International Football Federation. Since then, the increasing development of modern football, particularly in Europe and Latin America, soccer has become a favorite, to participate in activities and visits to the largest number of games a sport. The campaign is also developing in other areas and improve quickly. Kicked the ball in ancient China called "Kickball." "Cuju," the event as early as the Warring States period appeared. "Su Historical Biography," the capital of Qi State in the Warring States period referred to Linzi residents to carry out various cultural activities, which had referred to "step on Ju." "Tread" is also meant kicking. The Han dynasty, with "Ju City." Ju City is the site dedicated to game kickball is the east-west rectangular, both ends of the bow of 6 rooms, was on hole-shaped, symmetrical with each other, the venue is surrounded by walls (Figure 1 Han kickball training chart). Prosperity of the Tang Dynasty is a period of Cuju activities, there were two major developments, one with the ball instead of filling the gas thing of the past filled with hair balls. Second, instead of a bow with a goal room. Tang is also very popular women's kickball game, and spread to Japan. Song further so that the "Cuju" more perfect rule. After 1927, under the leadership of the Chinese Communist Party revolutionary base areas, but also to carry out a number of football activities. Held in 1933 in Ruijin, "Chinese Soviet Republic 1st Movement Conference" held in Nanjing are the "Young Pioneers Games Fujian and Jiangxi provinces," and held in Yan'an in 1942, the expansion of the "September" games, football games or performances are . After the founding of the PRC, foot
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English Expression
: football, pitch, large round or oval inflated ball, usu of leather, football, soccer, Association football
n.: soccer, skipper's armband, association football, a `football, ball, football (British English), soccer (American English)
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