Human-driven vehicle with two wheels. Main body, transmission, operation, braking, lighting and reflective devices composition. Common for the feet rotating gears, and flywheel through the chain, front and rear wheel drive rolling.
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zì xíng chē
A kind of vehicles, one after the other two wheels, a direction handle and a saddle shaped seat, usually by the rider's foot on the pedal force in advance. Commonly known as the "bicycle"
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No. 3
Commonly known as the bicycle. A kind of two modes of transport, riding on top of their feet Dengzhe forward. Noble "Landscape Love": "To ride a bike in such a way, have to be careful not a hundred times."
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Brief introduction
Bicycle, also known as a bicycle or bicycle, is a small land-based vehicles are usually two rounds. Generally people rode the foot pedal drive. English bicycle's bi means two wheels and cycle means. In mainland China, Taiwan, Singapore, often called a "bicycle" or "bicycle" in Hong Kong, Macau is commonly referred to as the "bicycle." Many countries and regions considered bicycle is a vehicle, properly equipped and even frequently asked relevant departments to the Government after the road may only register for the license plate. When driving at night requires some places to use bicycle lights. Bicycle traffic laws of the PRC as a non-motor vehicles. In Hong Kong, bicycles are "non-motorized vehicle" without a license, but when on the road, and motor vehicles subject to the same rules of the road.
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History
In 1790, there was a Frenchman named Siv Mubarak, he was particularly fond of their brains. One day, he was walking on a street in Paris, as one of the world before the rain, the way the plot a lot of rain, it is good to go. Suddenly, from behind a wagon rolling, narrow street, carriage very wide, Siv Mubarak hide to hide fortunately was not hit by a car, or be splashed a mud and rain. Others saw it, feel sorry for him, but also angry Zhi Ma, to shout the carriage stopped, unreasonable representations. Siv Mubarak but murmured: "Do not cry, do not cry, let them go." Coach walked away, he just stood on the roadside. He was thinking: the road so narrow, pedestrian and so much, why not altered the structure of the carriage along the carriage it should be cut in half, the front and rear wheels to four wheels into two ...... he thought, back home on hands-on design. After repeated tests, in 1791, the first aircraft to travel by "Trojan wheel" car made out. This car has around two wooden wheels, attached to the middle of the beam, a bench top security, both as a toy-like. Since the car is not yet drive chain, relying on both feet firmly placed rider, the car can move forward slowly, but no steering device on the car, can only go straight, do not bend, while on the go tired sweaty ride . Always something new just appeared not so perfect. Siv Mubarak was not discouraged, he continued to find ways to improve it. Unfortunately, shortly after he died of illness. In 1818, in Germany there is a man named Lin Delaisse watching his every day this piece of wood from the East Village, West Village, went to another piece of woods, year after year. He thought: If the person sitting on the car, stop and go, arbitrary, not very chic yet? Delaisse began making wooden-wheeled vehicle, like almost with Siv Mubarak. However, on the front plus a steering wheel to control the direction of the child, can change direction. But the rider still have to spend on two feet, about what to stepping on the ground, in order to promote the car rolling forward. When Delaisse ride out the test, when the way was a lot of people laugh. Still, he is very like his creation this aircraft, "cute pony cubs." In 1840, England's blacksmith Macmillan, get the one worn "cute pony cubs." He installed on the crank axle of the rear wheel, and then link the pedal crank and connecting the front and rear wheel are used iron, large front wheels and small rear wheels. When the rider pedaling pedal, the car will not play on their own motion, ran forward. In this way, it makes a real rider's feet off the ground, with alternating feet pedaling into rolling wheels, greatly improving the driving speed. In 1842, Macmillan ride this car, ran 20 kilometers a day, because they do not care, cycling too quickly knocked down the road a little girl, it was caught by the police and fined. Its charges are brutal ride. 1861, France Michaud and his son, originally a coaching career repairer, they installed on the front wheel can rotate the pedal board; saddle rack in the front of the car above, this technology is particularly superb ride unless otherwise instability on the handlebar grip, will fall from the car. They put this car wheelers dubbed "bicycle" James, and exhibited at the Paris Exposition in 1867, the audience an eye-opener. After 1869, the British saw the French Renault bike, I feel the car is too heavy, and began pondering how to do light and some of the bike. He used to tighten the wire spokes as the wheel rims; Meanwhile, the use made of thin steel bars to the frame, the larger the front wheel of the car, the rear wheels is smaller. Thereby reducing the number of its own weight the bicycle. From Siv Mubarak, has been to Reno, they produced five kinds and types of bikes are large differences between the modern bicycle. Cycling truly modern form was born in 1874. British Luosong this year, tops on the ingenuity of the bike chain and sprocket, rear wheel by turning to push the car forward. It is still a large front wheel and small rear wheel, it seems not enough coordination and unstable. In 1886, the British Starley, is a mechanical engineer, from the perspective of mechanics, kinematics design a new bike style bicycle fitted with a fork and brakes, front and rear wheels of the same size, in order to maintain balance and control into diamond-shaped steel frame, but also the first use of rubber wheels. Starley not only improve the structure of the bike, but also the restructuring of many tools used in the production of bicycle parts, to promote the use of mass-produced bicycles Lee opened up broad prospects, so he was later known as the "Father of cycling." Starley designed bike models today are basically the same way the bike. In 1888, the Irish Veterinary Dunlop, get inspiration from bovine heal Stomach swelling in his garden around the house for watering sticky rubber tube into a circle, hit the foot of the gas, mounted on bicycle wheels, to participate in cycling game, actually among the best, has aroused great interest. Pneumatic bicycle tire is a landmark in the history of the development initiative, it increases the flexibility of the bike, not because of uneven pavement and vibration; while driving greatly increases the speed and reduce the friction of the wheels and the road. Thus, fundamentally changed the performance of the bike ride, bike improved functionality. It can be seen from the late 18th century onwards, until the early 20th century, the invention of the bicycle and improvements, has experienced about 200 years time, there are many people in the endless struggle, it evolved into such a comfortable riding styles.
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The invention of the bicycle
More to say about the invention of the bicycle. ① country's first national invention is the bicycle world. Bicycle wheelbarrow ancestor was five hundred years of BC. Qing Emperor Kangxi (1662 - 1722), Huang Lu Zhuang had invented the bicycle. "Grand Qing unofficial" Juan Shiyi _set_: "Huang Lu Zhuang prepared a wheeled trolley, more than three feet long, one person can sit, do not need to push, to their own line, next to the handle crank shaft, then resume. line ever, with the pull date with live eighty foot line. "This is the world's first bike. ② bicycle was invented by Western Europeans. AD 1790, Frenchman Siv Mubarak developed into a wooden bicycle, no handlebars, pedals, chains. Car shaped like a horse's feet nailed two wheels, two wheels at a fixed line. Because the bike does not drive and steering, low seat, Siv Mubarak himself riding in the car, feet on the ground, kicking back hard to make the car in a straight line forward. In 1817, the German von? Delaisse Baron invented a handlebar can freely make changes in his bike more convenient. 1818, applied for a patent in the UK dries. In 1839, a British worker k? Macmillan pioneered the use of the pedal crank mechanism driving the rear wheel bike, can ride a bike at the time of the feet off the ground. One day in 1861, the Paris carriage and stroller manufacturer Delaisse Michaud and his son bicycle repair, repaired after test on the ramp, this car was very difficult to put a foot, so it has been improved in the car placement on the front pedal crank, which invented Michaud bikes, this bike will soon begin mass production. After about 1870 years ago, the French horse to perform in front of the driving wheels has created a large and small rear driven wheel bike, run effect of this car better. In 1890, the British company Humber used to produce a chain drive, the car is a rhombus bike, this form of bicycle has been in use ever since. ③ bike was invented in Russia. Day in September 1801, the Russian agricultural 奴阿尔塔莫 Ivanov rode their manufacturing wooden bicycles, traveling 2,500 kilometers, arrived in Moscow to Tsar Alexander I of the origins of gift. More similar bike with the French car manufacturer Siv Mubarak Artamonov manufacture. I saw Alexander Artamonov manufacturing bicycles, immediately ordered the cancellation of his slavery.
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Early Europeans strange design
The world's first truly practical bike appeared in the early 19th century. In 1817, German Delaisse in Paris, France invented the wooden two-wheeled bike with the handlebars. Europeans quickly became the favored means of transport after the bikes come out. Some 19th-century Europeans conceived some ideal bike map. The early stages of bicycle invention, people think the bigger wheels travel faster, two men riding a wheel is almost as tall as a man's bike. In the invention, the bicycle stage, some people do not put the two wheels of a bicycle is designed around the place, but the two wheels made about placement, this bike is somewhat similar to the shape of a wheelchair. This is an early design of a three Europeans bike. Balance three bike better, easier for people to learn to ride three-wheeled bike. With improvements in the future bike technology, and gradually developed into a three-wheeled bicycle cargo transport. This is also a three-wheeled bicycle, but the designer of the two momentum wheels on the front of the car, an auxiliary wheels on the rear of the vehicle. When people ride this bike can do in front of a passenger. Bicycle and modern design concept behind this bike can bring people the opposite.
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Composition
自行车 组成
① body parts: includes frame, fork, handlebar, saddle and front fork parts, is the subject of a bicycle. ② transmission parts: including pedals, cranks, sprockets, chains, bottom bracket and flywheel by human pedaling pedals, wheel rotation driven by the above transmission parts, front drive line. ③ action parts: the front and rear wheels, including front and rear axle components, spokes, rims (rims) and tires. ④ safety devices: including brake (brakes), lights, bell, reflective devices. According to need, but also add some accessories such as brackets, racks, insurance forks, fenders, pump and so on. In addition, the transmission mechanism is equipped with sports cars, race cars, mountain biking and other variable speed controller is also equipped with front and rear derailleurs, etc..
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Classification
Can be divided according to use trucks, ordinary cars, light trucks, sports cars, race cars, mountain bikes, vehicles (such as the exercise bike, acrobatics car) and so on. Depending on the object can be divided into M cars, trucks and stroller and other women. The wheel can be divided into 71 cm diameter size car, 66 cm car, 61 cm vehicles. According timber frame and other parts of the body can be divided into carbon cars, alloy car, aluminum and other vehicles. According to the structure of the frame can be divided into rods stacked cars, trucks and other removable car and overall.
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Principle
25 frame parts, tires, pedals, brakes, chains, etc. bicycle, its basic components are indispensable. Which is a bicycle frame skeleton to withstand the weight of people and goods it most. Work in accordance with the characteristics of the various components can be broadly divided into guidance systems, drive systems, braking systems: 1, the guide system: the handlebar, front fork, front axle, front wheel and other components. Ride the handlebars can be changed by manipulating the direction of travel and keep the body balanced. 2, the drive (drive or walk) system: the pedals, bottom bracket, chain, crank, chain, flywheel, rear axle, rear-wheel and other components. The human foot is against the pressing force by the crank pedals, sprockets, chains, flywheel, and other parts of the rear axle drive, so that the bicycle continues to advance. 3, the brake system: it consists of brake components, you can always manipulate the rider brakes, the traveling bike gear, stop to make, to ensure road safety. Furthermore, for safety and aesthetics, as well as from the practical, but also equipped with lights, brackets and other components.
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Component
1, a frame member constituting the basic structure of the bicycle is the bicycle body frame and other components are also mounted directly or indirectly on the frame. In the form of structural frame parts are many, but overall can be divided into two categories: the men's and women's frame chassis. Generally use ordinary carbon brass frame after welding combination. In order to reduce the pipe weight, increase strength, higher-end bikes with low alloy steel pipe manufacturing. In order to reduce the resistance of fast-moving, and some bike also features a streamlined steel. Since the bicycle is to rely on the body's own driving skill and driving force of the rider and of the bicycle frame becomes exposed in motion impact load generated and whether comfortable and safe carriage of the important structures of the human body, the manufacturing accuracy of the frame member the pros and cons, will directly affect the ride is safe, stable, and light. Spoke is generally equal diameter, in order to reduce the gravity, and made both ends of a large middle small adjustable spokes, as well as to reduce the air resistance will be made of flat spokes streamlined 2, the tire: soft edges of tires and tire two kinds of hard edges. Soft side tires wider cross-section, can all be wrapped around the tube, a relatively large area that can fit a variety of roads. Hard-edged tires, light weight, small size suitable for the ground running on a flat road, with little resistance, the advantages of traveling light. The tread pattern is designed to increase the friction with the ground. Mountain bike tire width particularly wide, deep tread also accommodate off-road mountain with. 3, the step parts: the left and right foot support member mounted on the axis of the crank member, the power level is converted to a rotational force of the apparatus, when riding a bicycle, the pedal force is transmitted to the first pedal member, and the pin pedal crank shaft, the central axis, the chain of the flywheel, so that the rear wheel so that the bicycle forward. Therefore, the structure and size of the pedal part is appropriate, will directly affect the rider's position is appropriate to put the foot, bicycle drive can proceed smoothly. Foot: can be divided into integral and modular foot pedal. No matter what style of foot pedal surface must have to be safe and reliable, has a non-slip performance, you can use a rubber, plastic or metal materials. Pedal must be flexible rotation. 4, the fork member: fork member in the front portion of the bicycle structure, with its upper end part connected to the steering wheel, the front frame member and the tube, with the lower end of the axle member, a guide system consisting of a bicycle. Turn the handlebar and fork, you can change the direction of the front wheels, has played a guiding role of the bicycle. In addition, you can also play the role of controlling a bicycle traveling. The forces of the front fork member is cantilever nature of the fork member must have sufficient strength and other properties. 5, the chain: the chain known as the chain, roller chain, mounted on wheels and even flywheel. Its role is to pedal force is transmitted from the crankshaft, flywheel and rear sprocket to drive the bike forward. Chain: made of high-strength steel to ensure it reaches the desired tension. 6, the flywheel: screwing within flywheel fixed to the right end of the rear axle, and the chain to maintain the same plane and connected by a chain and sprocket, constituting the bicycle drive system. From the structure can be divided into single-stage and multi-stage flywheel flywheel two categories. Flywheel also known as single-stage single-piece freewheel sprocket, mainly by the coat, flat block and core, extremely heavy, extremely heavy springs, washers, wire block a few balls and other parts. Its single stage freewheel works: When moving a step forward foot is chain driven flywheel rotates forward, then the flywheel teeth and extremely heavy phase containing flywheel rotation force transmitted through extremely heavy slug, slug driven rear axle and rear wheel bicycle on forward. When you stop pedaling action pedals, chain and coat do not rotate, but the rear-wheel drive is still under the effect of inertia and extremely heavy slug forward rotation, then the flywheel relative sliding in the tooth, thus compressing the core to the core the sub-notch, extremely heavy and extremely heavy compressed spring. When extremely heavy gear tooth tip slid inside the top of the flywheel, the most extremely heavy spring is compressed, and then slide forward a little bit, extremely heavy shells to be extremely heavy spring tooth root, the issue "blah" sound. Core rotating faster, jin soon slide the flywheel teeth in each issue "blah" sound. When moving a foot back riding jacket reverse rotation, slide will accelerate extremely heavy, so "blah" sound more rapid. Multi-speed bicycle freewheel is an important part of the apparatus. Multi-level flywheel flywheel is based on a single-stage, add a few slices flywheel tablets, combined with the sprocket shaft, consisting of a variety of different transmission ratio, thus changing the bike's speed.
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Performance
自行车 性能
自行车 性能
自行车 性能
Bike ride from the merits of performance, safety and durability three aspects to measure. Structural dimensions of performance and riding performance riding on a bicycle, the rider's body and the vehicle match each timber will be brisk ride, comfort and maneuverability. 18, the vehicle body and a, b, c3 point contact, three points form a triangle whose sides and angles are important parameters of the bicycle. ab and ac's length relationship to the rider can most effectively play physical. bc by the length and position of the rider and the vehicle may be customary, it determines the rider's posture and comfort. Front and rear center distance l, fork and fork tilt angle θ is the main parameter bikes stretched from t, depending on the model _select_ed. Typically, l, t and θ is greater value, the better the stability of the vehicle, from the straight running of the complex and strong, but the flexibility is poor; Conversely, l, a small value θ t value is large, the flexibility and stability of the vehicle of the hearing. l values are based on the rider's body to _select_ the material, generally 900 ~ 1200mm; θ value of 65 ° ~ 75 °; t value determined at θ values. Rocker fork is usually controlled at a position h of the front fork and front wheel steering axis perpendicular to the center of the intersection j, j height from the ground point of the wheel radius is generally 15% ~ 60% r's. In addition, the manufacturing precision and wheel weight (including tires) also affects the riding performance. Safety performance bike rider's personal safety is an important issue, there are countries to develop appropriate standards. China promulgated safety standards include three aspects strength structural parts, brake brake performance and safety devices, including the strength of the former frame and fork assembly, the assembly of the handlebar firmly with fork, front and rear wheel strength . ① impact strength frame and fork assembly: There are two measurement methods. First, the drop weight impact test, the assembly is erected vertically, the top of the front fork 180mm 22.5kg disposal a hammer, a hammer impact on the permanent deformation of the assembly does not exceed 40mm, no naked eye crack; Second, drop test, placing 70kg weights in the saddle at the component, its center of gravity moved to the vertical position of the rear axle, the free fall forward, repeat the test twice, without naked eye cracks. In addition, the frame and fork need for lateral load strength test, the load weight varies by model. ② handlebar assembly firmness and fork: The method is the handlebar mount fork, 25n · m of torque applied to the handlebars horizontal pipe (usually test bars instead), the handlebar can not rotate. Before ③, the strength of the rear wheel: The method is to put the corrected wheel spokes and clamping flat, 178n in the lateral force is applied, one minute later, the permanent deformation of not more than 1.5mm. ④ brake brake performance: test method according to the vehicle's transmission ratio is divided into two kinds. One is on the trip 5m 5m or more bikes, the specified test speed of 24km / h; another one is on the trip 5m below the car, the speed of 16km / h. There are two wet braking performance and analog dry rainy. In the test speed required before use, the brake, the braking distance is not greater than the dry 5.5m, wet braking distance shall not exceed 15m. ⑤ safety devices: a bicycle should be equipped with a bell or lights, but also a reflector (commonly known as the back light). The reflector is by vehicle headlights or other external light source, the intensity of the reflected light enough to remind each other's attention to protect themselves. The reflector has a front, side and rear reflector 3 kinds. In front of the white, red rear, front lateral white or amber, rear lateral white or red, white or amber pedal. Durability can be divided into two aspects of internal and exterior. Inherent durability required to ensure a certain degree of structural strength requirements for some of the wear parts such as front, middle and rear axle gear bowl, flywheel chainrings, chain roller and the borders of the bases, and the foot brake parts, etc., carburizing heat treatment to improve the surface hardness. Appearance and durability against corrosion is increased aesthetic appearance by plating and coating (paint). Electroplating is the steering wheel rim such as the original metal surface plated with copper, nickel, chromium or nickel, nickel, chromium metal plating layer 3 is also visible rust properties and resources required to _select_ the other layer. Some minor small parts, then the use of bright galvanizing process. Painting is the use of high-voltage electrostatic method, the frame, fork surface coating. Paint surface to plump, gorgeous, and has some rust resistance and paint adhesion. Due to differences in national trends of living standards, the purpose of the use of bicycles are different, in some countries the rider to travel, exercise and sports for the children's primary purpose, the general use of multi-speed cars, sport utility vehicles and mountain bikes; some countries The bike is mainly used as transport vehicles and multi-use portable multi-speed cars. Overall, the bike is moving in the United States, light, fast, new, inexpensive direction. Beauty is beautiful shape, colorful, ornate and impressive; Light is light weight, riding light; prison is high intensity; new is new styles, varieties; Lim is a low cost and competitive.
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Maintain
Bicycle lubrication The bike is enormous quantity of human machinery, lubrication structure type sliding friction and rolling friction, a little friction and line friction, lubrication and boundary lubrication fluid, lubricating oil and grease. The key parts of the bike is friction movement axis and the front and rear axles are using a ball bearing, with the 2nd calcium-based grease lubrication. Have the ball and bead tank and cleaned each time the door overhaul clean, smooth evenly over the 2nd to the bead tank calcium-based grease, filled with smooth surface along the axis around full and rounded particles uniform, consistent size special balls (beads ), then Shang Hao door, do not make dust contamination. Then each quarter or half the filling hole (with hole), or the shaft drops 2-5 drops of bicycle oil, or 40 ℃, the viscosity of 7-15mm2 / s low-viscosity lubricants. But before refueling refueling must be cleared of dust near the shaft hole or dirt to avoid wear and tear. Generally can not mix oil with grease, oil and grease can not be mixed lubrication under normal circumstances. But on the bike is a special case, in order to simplify the device without fat mouth, only additional oil to improve lubrication. Second gear wheel and the lubrication of chains, where the mixed friction sliding friction and rolling friction, and in the majority of the boundary lubrication state, the friction and thus more demanding conditions, must use a good adhesion and lubricity of lubricating oil, in particular Most are open, in case of dust more work on the chain and gears disc badly worn, so be ready (quarterly or half-yearly) cleaned according to the situation and replace it with new oil, most with the use of a larger viscosity oil (40 ℃ viscosity 10-20mm2 / s), but generally increase with the same axis, and the oil, this is more convenient.
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Use normal riding
Normal riding is not required to use any technology, but it is the maintenance of the bike, the most important and fundamental one, before riding, to check the condition of the bike is very important, is often forgotten Therefore before the ride, remember to do the following checks: Check the riding position size: If you ride is not exclusively his own car, remember to ride in the front seat adjusted to the proper height. Check the tightness of all parts of the screw: Check front and rear wheel and seat quick release lever is locked up, check whether the handlebar has been fixed, and the other screws are loose situation. Check the tires: Check tire pressure is adequate, inadequate, then hit the appropriate pressure of the check sidewalls for cracks, cuts are already too shallow tread, the tire must be replaced if necessary. Check the brakes: Try to pull the front and rear brakes, check that the brakes may indeed braking. Check the car before the wrist: front brakes stopped, the body rocking back and forth, if felt shaking gap, which means that the vehicle in front wrist to be re-adjusted. Check the transmission: first try after the start and after each shift change before the shift, can smoothly change to stall speed, whether there will be a strange strange noise.
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Short term maintenance
Short-term maintenance is often performed, if the normal use of bicycles, maintenance on this stage is pretty simple, and this can make your car maintenance to keep you in good condition, it must not be overlooked. Cleaning the car: in addition to keeping your car's dazzling new car, but also to avoid washing the car frame rust, and if you ride in the mud in a heavy rain or after the ride finished work should be cleaned as soon as possible, When washing should note the following: If the car body much sludge, or dust it, you can use a rag to wipe clean, or use a clean brush ovo. Do not use high-pressure jet of water to remove sludge from the car body, although this method is very efficient, but it may be water bearing horns, so will cause damage to the bearings. In many cases, the car body sludge, use a brush and soapy water to wash the sludge, rinse with water, then dry cloth. After a clean car, remember to check whether there is peeling paint, the steel frame will begin to rust flaking paint, aluminum or carbon fiber and titanium frame will not rust, it will only affect the appearance. Car washed off after use, remember to wipe the chain and re-oiled. Check the brake pads: The brake pads on the debris to be cleared to ensure its braking force if the wear is very serious, shall be updated. The line pipe re-oiling: If the brake or poor speed of action, may be too much friction inside and outside the lines, the outside part of the tube is removed from the ending, the inside coating of butter, then re_insert_ it, if such action is still flow, then consider replacing the internal and external line pipe. Chain oil: the oil will drop after, after about ten minutes, rub the oil on the chain outside the chain clean and oil the chain as long as the majority of the action is enough internal and external multi remaining oil will stick to dust, Clean troubles increase, so it is best to wipe clean. In addition, if you use the spray tank of oil, remember that after the completion of the oil, the other parts of the oil dripping clean.
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Interim regular maintenance
Check the chain: the chain in the case of long-term use will occur elongated, chain pitch of 0.5 inches, measuring 24 chain length should be 12 inches, if its length has exceeded the normal length of 1/8 inch, the chain should be replaced . Cleaning Chain: If you have a lot of sludge inside the chain, perhaps the washing up, cleaning the chain can be used to wash the chain or remove the chain to find a container filled with solvent oil, after implantation chain, shake it Wash, dry out finally oiled. Check the flywheel and crank_set_: If after updating the chain, if the tooth flywheel will have to jump, then update the flywheel, if large chainring tooth wear is very large, the situation arising card chain should also be replaced, check the large chainring fixing screws, if required to re-tighten loose. Check the wheels: Check nearby gas nozzle holes and wire holes, if there are subtle rift, if cracks, replace the wheels as soon as possible, lift the wheel, rotate the wheel to see if the brake pads rub against the wheel, if it will shall re-adjust wheels. Check the wire: Check the front and rear of the case if there is a wire break, if the replacement, subject to re-adjust after changing wire wheels, adjusting wheels, rims observed yaw direction, such as the right side, then the wheel the right side of the bead at the beaches to relax on the left lock, partial left and vice versa, the magnitude of the yaw around the rim should be less than 2mm. Check the drivers: Check whether the driver in a car accident deformation occurs whether the site in the riser locking cracks, if it is, then update the drivers. Check the seat and seat lever: Remove the cushion lever, check if there deformation or cracks, if not then a thin layer of butter on the back after the installation, check whether there is damage to upholstery, frame underneath is intact, if there are problems, is to be replaced.
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Long-term regular maintenance
Check the Drum: Remove the front and rear wheels, to check whether the wire hole near the cracks, if any, then immediately replaced, hand rotation hub axle look, plus more under shaking, if feel the gap, or very loose, then the hub axle decomposition, clean the inside of the oil, and then re-load the new butter, to reassemble the hub axle, remember to adjust the bearings should be adjusted to smooth rotation axis, but there will be a gap down shaking. Check the transit center: Remove the chain, grab the crank side to side, if any, shake, locking screws, if still shaking, shall be adjusted Tianxin bearings; cushions on the ear, rotate the crank, the sound should be heard "whirring" sound very smooth, if you hear a strange noise or other Gala Gala, said bearing is damaged, replace the transit center. Check the pedal: Remove the pedal, using 15mm open-end wrench, pay attention to the left side of the pedal is left teeth, do not split when the demolition wrong pedal bearings do not need to adjust, but we need to check if using a cas_set_te pedal, then check their body movements are normal, and oil lubrication. Check the transmission: Check the transmission part of each action whether shaking, if so, which means that the transmission has been quite serious wear and should be replaced, if not in the action part of the lubricating oil. Shock Maintenance: Front hydraulic shock absorbers car wrist should be demolished, replaced with new shock oil, gum form Unisys Unisys plastic check whether there are cracks or deformation, if any, is updated, the shock absorbers maintenance, should contact the manufacturers of the original purchase. Check the frame: Check all paint, rust, if any state to frame perforation, the frame must be replaced if the frame is deformed by the impact, then it should be replaced. Update all internal and external line pipe: all line pipe after a long period of use, has been worn, it is recommended to be replaced in order to maintain its performance.
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Emergency repair field
When the wild ride, the car failed so you have to walk home, it is very disappointing thing, so in order to avoid this situation, do not forget to go out cycling with a tool, do not think the accident will not happen, be prepared always good. Here are common in the wild and how to fix the fault condition: Puncture: This is what often happens when a puncture occurs, remove the wheels, with the demolition of breaking tire tire lever, remove the tube, if there is to carry a spare tire, it can be mounted directly on the spare tire, if there is no spare tire , will have to fill tires, and the first to find out when the tire hole with coarse sandpaper or something close to the hole after the slightly abrasive, coated with rubber tire, such as its close to the semi-wait, the tire pieces attached on, to be pressed firmly, and then check whether the pump will leak, and finally replace the tires and tubes, the gas enough to play.
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怎样选购自行车
Is an iron frame, However, the iron frame is divided into a Cr-Mo steel, high strength steel, ordinary steel, the iron frame of the other extreme, by adding these other components, can be made such as a thin pipe The overall frame is lighter. Recently, does not reduce the intensity of the on material other than using iron frame, such as aluminum alloy. Bicycle race in the frame of the use of titanium carbon fiber material. Second, the component parts
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Folding bike
折叠自行车
折叠自行车
折叠自行车
折叠自行车
Folding bike. Characterized by lifting the car hand brake application makes the vehicle axis upward folded into the overall structure of ultra-small size of the axis type portable folding bike, folding rear vehicle into the bag (bags) become integrated structure folding bike . You need to use in the production of the locking hinge to the frame and a leader, connected to the seat; locking hinge is spring loaded cable (wire gates), easy to operate; lift the hand brake to control the locking hinge, ensure the safety and convenience. The utility model is novel, simple and reasonable structure, easy to fold and unfold, convenient and comfortable to carry and use, production technology is mature, easy to popularize, great market prospects.
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Cycling
Cycling (cycling) is riding a bicycle as a tool to match the speed of the sport. 1896 was the first Olympic Games as an official event. International Cycling Union was established in 1900, after the World Cycling Championships have been held (held once a year), World Peace Bicycle Race (surround Berlin, Warsaw, Prague 1 week, a total of more than 2000 kilometers of multi-day race), the Tour de France (Surround France 1 week 3966 kilometer multi-day race). Cycling in China 1913 years ago, after passing by the European. Cycling was primarily used as a transportation tool. 1930 Pan Deming cycling around the world, through Vietnam, Cambodia, Thailand, Australia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, the United States, Canada, Cuba, Sweden, more than 40 countries and regions, which lasted more than seven years to return to China. After 1940, China held across different forms of small and medium sized bike race in track and field in. 1947 China held the first national exhibition in Shanghai. After the establishment of the People's Republic, cycling has been comprehensive and rapid development.
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Bicycle climbing
Bicycle climbing is cycling, with skill and balance, a variety of different kind of artificial or natural obstacles, the project is one of the few non-racing bike. Technologies include situations in different speed balancing and high jump, long jump. Steeplechase International Cycling Union (biketrial international union, biu) definition of a bicycle climbing competition is "bike riders based on the judgment and balance, using a variety of techniques to achieve in the shortest possible time and to avoid the body through the designated area and obstacles obstructions and ground contact, in order to avoid penalty points. This bike race is climbing bike race. " Car's front axle, rear axle axis and are used to reduce friction rolling in order to further reduce friction, people often add lubricant in these parts, bicycle tire, the car handles plastic sleeve, thump board _set_s, the _set_s and other brake are engraved with uneven pattern to increase friction in the brakes, the wheels are no longer rolling, sliding on the ground, friction greatly increased. Showed a saddle cushion, which can increase the contact area between the cushion and the people suffered pressure to reduce hip, people do not feel fatigue cycling
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部件英文名称
the stem: handlebar stand
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Electric Bicycle
We know that electric bicycles electric bicycle (hereinafter referred to as the electric car) is a battery as an auxiliary energy, with two wheels, to achieve human riding, electric or electric-assisted bicycles special features. Electric bicycle models with td (special kind of bicycle electric bike class) crown numbers. Although it is characterized by the appearance (or even the appearance of features with a motorcycle) with an ordinary bicycle, but the main thing is that it is based on an ordinary bicycle, the installation of the motor, controller, battery, turn the steering components such as brake handle and display Electrical and instrumentation systems integration, personal transportation.
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Invention and the history of the bicycle
In 1790, there was a Frenchman named Siv Mubarak, he was particularly fond of their brains. One day, he was walking on a street in Paris, as one of the world before the rain, the way the plot a lot of rain, it is good to go. Suddenly, from behind a wagon rolling, narrow street, carriage very wide, Siv Mubarak hide to hide fortunately was not hit by a car, or be splashed a mud and rain. Others saw it, feel sorry for him, but also angry Zhi Ma, to shout the carriage stopped, unreasonable representations. Siv Mubarak but murmured: "Do not cry, do not cry, let them go." Coach walked away, he just stood on the roadside. He was thinking: the road so narrow, pedestrian and so much, why not altered the structure of the carriage along the carriage it should be cut in half, the front and rear wheels to four wheels into two ...... he thought, back home on hands-on design. After repeated tests, in 1791, the first aircraft to travel by "Trojan wheel" car made out. This car has around two wooden wheels, attached to the middle of the beam, a bench top security, both as a toy-like. Since the car is not yet drive chain, relying on both feet firmly placed rider, the car can move forward slowly, but no steering device on the car, can only go straight, do not bend, while on the go tired sweaty ride . Always something new just appeared not so perfect. Siv Mubarak was not discouraged, he continued to find ways to improve it. Unfortunately, shortly after he died of illness. In 1816, in Germany there is a man named Lin de Bois watching his every day from this one grove Village, West Village, the other went to the woods, year after year. He thought: If the person sitting on the car, stop and go, arbitrary, not very chic yet? Delaisse began making wooden-wheeled vehicle, like almost with Siv Mubarak. However, on the front plus a steering wheel to control the direction of the child, can change direction. But cycling still have to spend two feet, about what to stepping on the ground, in order to promote the car rolling forward. When Delaisse ride out the test, when the way was a lot of people laugh. Still, he is very like his creation this aircraft, "cute pony cubs." Delaisse time wandering in the open over a carriage ride, the driver laughed at his car, he said slowly, so he and the driver said: "Do you believe my car is faster than your wagon" So the two of them hit a bet. Walk back and forth from one village to the West Village, the results dries faster than a full driver over one hour. In 1840, England's blacksmith Macmillan, get the one worn "cute pony cubs." He installed on the crank axle of the rear wheel, and then link the pedal crank and connecting the front and rear wheel are used iron, large front wheels and small rear wheels. When the rider pedaling pedal, the car will sport itself up, ran forward. In this way, it makes a real rider's feet off the ground, with alternating feet pedaling into rolling wheels, greatly improving the driving speed. In 1842, Macmillan ride this car, ran 20 kilometers a day, because they do not care, cycling too quickly knocked down the road a little girl, it was caught by the police and fined. Its charges are brutal ride. 1861, France Michaud and his son, originally a coaching career repairer, they installed on the front wheel can rotate the pedal board; saddle rack in the front of the car above, this technology is particularly superb ride unless otherwise instability on the handlebar grip, will fall from the car. They put this car wheelers dubbed "bicycle" James, and exhibited at the Paris Exposition in 1867, the audience an eye-opener. After 1869, the British saw the French Renault bike, I feel the car is too heavy, and began pondering how to do light and some of the bike. He used to tighten the wire spokes as the wheel rims; Meanwhile, the use made of thin steel bars to the frame, the larger the front wheel of the car, the rear wheels is smaller. Thereby reducing the number of its own weight the bicycle. From Siv Mubarak, has been to Reno, they produced five kinds and types of bikes are large differences between the modern bicycle. Cycling truly modern form was born in 1874. British Luosong this year, tops on the ingenuity of the bike chain and sprocket, rear wheel by turning to push the car forward. It is still a large front wheel and small rear wheel, it seems not enough coordination and unstable. In 1886, Britain's John. K. Starley, is a mechanical engineer, from the perspective of mechanics, kinematics design a new bike style bicycle fitted with a fork and brakes, front and rear wheel sizes the same, in order to maintain balance and control into diamond-shaped steel frame, but also the first use of rubber wheels. Starley not only improve the structure of the bike, but also the restructuring of many tools used in the production of bicycle parts, to promote the use of mass-produced bicycles Lee opened up broad prospects, so he was later known as the "Father of cycling." Starley designed bike models today are basically the same way the bike. In 1888, the Irish Veterinary Dunlop, get inspiration from bovine heal Stomach swelling in his garden around the house for watering sticky rubber tube into a circle, hit the foot of the gas, mounted on bicycle wheels, to participate in cycling game, actually among the best, has aroused great interest. Pneumatic bicycle tire is a landmark in the history of the development initiative, it increases the flexibility of the bike, not because of uneven pavement and vibration; while driving greatly increases the speed and reduce the friction of the wheels and the road. Thus, fundamentally changed the performance of the bike ride, bike improved functionality. Also in 1888, the British city of Coventry, John. K. Starley produced the first modern bicycle --- a "safe" bike. Its main feature is the use of diamond-shaped frame, making the body has a higher stiffness and strength, rear-wheel drive with chains and directly grasp the direction through the fork.
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分类
公路自行车（Road bicycle）
BMX (Cycling BMX) A special bike for extreme sports, is more suitable for this type of car stunts to make a lot of transformation, such as a more lightweight body.
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维护类型
Maintain short-term maintenance is often, if the normal use of bicycles in the maintenance of this stage is fairly simple, this maintenance can make your car to keep you in good condition, and therefore must not be overlooked. Cleaning the car: In addition to your car to keep the new car's bright outside, cleaning the car at the same time to avoid corrosion of the frame, and if you ride in a heavy rain or mud riding as soon as possible after the work of cleaning when the car wash to pay attention to the following: if the car body of the sludge is not much, or more dust it can use a clean cloth or brush clean with ovo. Do not use high-pressure jet of water to remove the sludge of the body of the vehicle, although this method is very efficient, but may be sewage horns bearing, so will cause damage to the bearings. Car body sludge many circumstances, you should use a brush and soapy water to wash the sludge, rinse with water, then dry cloth. Car clean, remember to check the paint is peeling off, the steel frame paint peeling will begin to rust, aluminum or carbon fiber and titanium alloy frame will not rust, it will only affect the appearance. Use of washing the car, I remember the chain to dry, and re-oiling. Check the brake pads: the brake on the skin of debris to be cleared, to ensure that the braking force, the wear is very serious to be updated. Will be re-oiled-ray tube: if the adverse action of the brake or shift inside and outside the line of friction is too large, remove the outside by only the parts of the tube, the inside coating of butter, and then re_insert_ If so action still flow, and consider replacing the inside and outside the line pipe. Oiling the chain: the chain drops of oil after about ten minutes after the chain outside of the oil clean the chain as long as the internal moving parts there is oil enough external excess lubricant will stick dust increase the trouble of cleaning, it is best to clean. In addition, if you use the spray tank lubricants, remember to complete the oil, clean the other parts of the oil dripping.
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怎样选购自行车
2.2 brake
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Types of bicycles
Folding bike Folding bike. Characterized by lifting the car hand brake application makes the vehicle axis upward folded into the overall structure of ultra-small size of the axis type portable folding bike, folding rear vehicle into the bag (bags) become integrated structure folding bike . You need to use in the production of the locking hinge to the frame and a leader, connected to the seat; locking hinge is spring loaded cable (wire gates), easy to operate; lift the hand brake to control the locking hinge, ensure the safety and convenience. The utility model is novel, simple and reasonable structure, easy to fold and unfold, convenient and comfortable to carry and use, production technology is mature, easy to popularize, great market prospects. Electric Bicycle We know that electric bicycles electric bicycle (hereinafter referred to as the electric car) is a battery as an auxiliary energy, with two wheels, to achieve human riding, electric or electric-assisted bicycles special features. Electric bicycle models with TD (special kind of electric bicycles bike category) crown numbers. Although it is characterized by the appearance (or even the appearance of features with a motorcycle) with an ordinary bicycle, but the main thing is that it is based on an ordinary bicycle, the installation of the motor, controller, battery, turn the steering components such as brake handle and display Electrical and instrumentation systems integration, personal transportation. Climbing bike Bicycle climbing is cycling, with skill and balance, a variety of different kind of artificial or natural obstacles, the project is one of the few non-racing bike. Technologies include situations in different speed balancing and high jump, long jump. Steeplechase International Cycling Union (BikeTrial International Union, BIU) the definition of a bicycle climbing competition is "bike riders based on the judgment and balance, using a variety of techniques to achieve in the shortest possible time and to avoid the body through the designated area and obstacles obstructions and ground contact, in order to avoid penalty points. This bike race is climbing bike race. " Cycling Cycling (cycling) is riding a bicycle as a tool to match the speed of the sport. 1896 was the first Olympic Games as an official event. International Cycling Union was established in 1900, after the World Cycling Championships have been held (held once a year), World Peace Bicycle Race (surround Berlin, Warsaw, Prague 1 week, a total of more than 2000 kilometers of multi-day race), the Tour de France (Surround France 1 week 3966 kilometer multi-day race). Cycling in China 1913 years ago, after passing by the European. Cycling was primarily used as a transportation tool. 1930 Pan Deming cycling around the world, through Vietnam, Cambodia, Thailand, Australia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, the United States, Canada, Cuba, Sweden, more than 40 countries and regions, which lasted more than seven years to return to China. After 1940, China held across different forms of small and medium sized bike race in track and field in. 1947 China held the first national exhibition in Shanghai. After the establishment of the People's Republic, cycling has been comprehensive and rapid development. 2002, China's first ever Tour de Qinghai Lake cycling race, until 2007 has held six sessions.
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Maximum speed of the bicycle ride
Maximum speed of 268.831 km bicycle pedal is October 3, 1995 by Dutch Fred Bell Borg Roma in Utah's Bonneville Salt Flats are created. This record achieved in large part due to his low-cavitation generated by the leading car.
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Materials that can be used in the bicycle
Chrome-molybdenum steel frame: 90 years ago, the bicycle frame with chrome-molybdenum steel for the mainstream. It's a good distortion performance and tensile properties, high temperature does not affect the welding material, cheap price. However, heavy weight, is easily oxidized. The new material in recent years to overcome it owes point play to the advantages of chrome-molybdenum steel frame again attracts attention. Carbon frame: light, but the ground can absorb the impact, the force backwash and fast material is ideal for bicycle frame material. The level of carbon fiber, the higher the elasticity, the higher the tonnage, the price is also expensive. There are several manufacturing methods, e.g., adhesive coated, overlapping carbon fiber, the heat treatment in the mold, solidified molding. Titanium frame: the proportion of titanium is 55% lighter than steel, is not easily oxidized. In order to improve the tensile strength, a mixture of aluminum, titanium and vanadium. To conduct such as welding in a vacuum processing complex, expensive frame. Aluminum frame: aluminum alloy frame light and rigid. After special processing a frame weight of only 1 kg weight. Of large diameter aluminum pipe tends, in order to ease the rigidity is too strong, the current seat tube and fork uses carbon fiber to absorb the impact of strong subject of such attention. [World famous bike brands] Specialized: called the bicycle industry BMW. Its roads, especially in mountainous series has done superb. Tour de France race car. TIME: the famous French bicycle manufacturers. Frame it highway system, the design of the self-locking system is a world-class level. Colnago: the famous Italian road bike manufacturer. C40 is the plant's top model, the Giro, the World Championship car. BMC: Swiss bicycle manufacturer. The main products are mountain bikes, road bikes, time trial car. BMC developed in cooperation with Easton Carbon nano-tubes are known in the bicycle industry's unique design. BMC T-tube frame design enhances the strength of frame Trek: the famous American brand, sponsored by Discover Channel team has won seven consecutive Tour de France title. Schwinn: U.S. brands. There's a comfortable known Sierra, Frontier and other superior quality. Huffy: one of America's mountain bike-known brands, they produce simple and rugged mountain bike comfort. Marin: known to mountain bike. Mongoose: America's super biking brands, Chinese national team sponsor BMX bike Cannondale: U.S. brand, known for arm known, commonly known as "Lefty", see the 2008 Olympic mountain video. Giant: domestic brands, a variety of road bike, mountain bike, wagon, etc. Merida: domestic brands, a variety of road bike, mountain bike, wagon, etc. UCC: New from domestic bike brands, species diversity, mountain, road, station wagon and so on.
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Cycling techniques
There are bike tours especially long-distance travel, have a good bike technology is very important, the purpose is to save energy, to ensure safety. Adjustment of the bicycle saddle, the bicycle is an important aspect of technology. Bicycle seat height should be adjusted to what the best of it? Generally, in order to lower the seat and has 5-10 degrees of tilt after the most easy long-distance travel. Because of the low seat many advantages: First, a low saddle pedaling flexible, different parts of the foot turns can be hard, it will give the various muscles of the foot turns to rest, prolonged durable long; Second, the seat is low, people's position relative reduction can reduce air resistance, but also easy on the handlebars volts, improved air flow sheets; Third, low seat, leaning post, make body straight, hips even by force, reduce fatigue, while reduce arms The burden of protecting the wrist; fourth is below the seat in favor of security, in the event of an emergency, you can straighten your legs touch the ground, so to avoid danger. Thus, when traveling to adjust the seat, the seat should be low for the best, which is to maintain physical strength, speed, endurance have a great advantage. In addition, a bicycle tour _select_ the best speed is also very important. In general, ordinary bicycle, under normal physical, road conditions, such as long distance travel flat, what speed should be maintained at about 15 kilometers per hour, good physical strength can accelerate to 20 kilometers per hour. Bicycle Tours in maintaining your speed, choose the appropriate speed, avoid unsteadiness, strong and hard to ride, boring step to stop the phenomenon. The way the rest can be maintained once every two to three hours, do not want to stop, should adhere to the time or a predetermined location and then rest. In particular lane road conditions, vehicle speed control appropriately more important. Whether it is a mountain road, or long, steep downhill, the speed of the car is neither too fast nor too slow, you should _select_ the speed to local conditions.
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Cycling Travel Safety Tips
1 You always non-motor vehicles, so you never have time to ride and vehicles to excited. 2 driver behind you is not almighty prophet, it is impossible to know you're ready to go straight at the intersection Zuozhuanyouzhuan still time, so you'd better give him a little hint. 3 Wear a helmet, helmet cheaper than your life, and are more prone to the attention of the opposite sex. 4 brake significance lies in controlling the speed of the car instead of stopping moment, if you want to stop and have to brake earlier. 5 energy from your body's glycogen is active sources can not give you the car to provide power, so that your headlights use is to let others see you and not let you go see someone else. 6 is a high-quality ride your man? If so, please respect the way all moving things. And keep in mind: In any case, pedestrians and motor vehicles have priority right of passage (by the legal protection of the rights of pedestrians, and the rights of the motor vehicle simply because long stronger than bike). 7 family is very important for your safety and to them, you should tell them to go out to ride where you go. 8. Sometimes you think the insurance company is in the scam, but when you are hospitalized due to a car accident, you will know if you have an insurance compensation, then that damn doctor's face will be a lot to look good. 9 You are human, not a solar-powered engine or a perpetual motion machine, before the road, make sure you have plenty of fuel - carbohydrates. 10 Do you ride a mountain bike, it may be some of the wild wild ride, though I believe you go into the field as the back garden of his home, but still ask you to bring communications tools. 11.This a material world, cycling time to bring a little money to avoid a lot of trouble. 12 Other people transport on the road, when there may be a little wrong, so you do not like them. 13 When you see someone else, they may be in your back. 14 Play car is not a movie, you can never CUT numerous times; nor video games can be used SL Dafa; your relatives and friends where there is no person in charge of the life and death of the gods; So, when you died, then you definitely dead a; therefore, do not ride when fudge, good to prevent accidentally die.
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Physical knowledge on bike
1 Measurement of use When measuring the length of run, may use the bicycle. As the wheel diameter is ordinary or 0.66 m 0.71 m. Then turned a lap length of the diameter multiplied by pi, or about 2.33 meters or 2.07 meters, and then let the car roll along this track, note the number of turns rolling the runway length n 2.33n 2.07n meters or meters. 2. Use of force and motion (1) decreases with increasing friction. Car's front axle, rear axle axis and are used to reduce rolling friction. To further reduce friction, people often add lubricant in these parts. Many engraved with uneven pattern to increase friction. If the car tire, car handle plastic sleeve, kicking plate _set_s, brake handle covers. Variable rolling friction of sliding friction to increase friction. As the brakes, the wheels will not roll, and the sliding on the ground, greatly increasing the friction, the vehicle can quickly stop. In the brake at the same time, the hand brake lever firmly clenched, increasing the pressure on the brake pads on the rims of the wheels stop rolling in order to achieve the purpose. (2) spring damping effect. On the vehicle seat has many springs, using its buffer to reduce vibration 3. Apply pressure knowledge Engraved with deadweight (1) bicycle tires. As vehicle weight in excess, the tire pressure being too big to be crushed. (2) showed a saddle cushion, which can increase the contact area between the cushion and the human body in order to reduce the pressure suffered hip, people feel tired easily ride. 4. Use simple mechanical knowledge Bicycle brake systems and brake linkage is an effort to leverage, to increase tension on the brake pads. Cycling distance to effort or province, also used the pedal axle and sprocket teeth :: disk; wheel and flywheel and shaft faucet and so on. 5. Use of power and knowledge of mechanical energy (1) According to the principles of success: effort must charge distance. So when people uphill, often riding "s" shaped route is the truth (2) the conversion of kinetic and gravitational potential energy to each other. As the car uphill, kicking a few people to step up, it is easy to go up more, here is the kinetic energy into potential energy. The ride downhill without pedaling, speed is also faster and faster, this is the potential energy into kinetic energy. (3) the whole bike is laborious machinery, typically provincial distance before cycling. Headwind ride than walk against the wind difficult, because the force of the rider fee is "amplified" the 6 use of the law of inertia Fast-moving bike, if the front wheel suddenly stopped, the rear wheels will jump. This is because the front wheel suddenly stopped by the resistance movement, but the car and the rear wheel has not been resistance, according to the law of inertia, and the rear wheels continue to maintain forward motion. So remember when traveling downhill or speed, you can not use the front brake alone bicycle brakes, there would be a rollover accident.
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Chinese bicycle industry profiles
Since the reform and opening up, Chinese bicycle industry by actively introducing, digesting and absorbing advanced technology and equipment, production technology, process, product quality and other aspects of the degree of automation of production has been significantly improved. China has become the world's largest bicycle production, consumption and export powerhouse. In the fierce competition, the bicycle industry's production and market flows better adapt to the market economy and regional manufacturers, and formed five major production bases in Tianjin, Shanghai, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Guangdong. After the baptism of the market, nurture and spawned a lot of fight against market risks and core competitive ability of companies and brands. Like Giant, China, etc. They walk in market share, brand influence and customer satisfaction, etc. in front of peers.
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Bicycle properties
自行车属性
Bike models Many countries and regions considered bicycle is a vehicle, properly equipped and even frequently asked relevant departments to the Government after the road may only register for the license plate. When driving at night requires some places to use bicycle lights. Bicycle traffic laws of the PRC as a non-motor vehicles. In Hong Kong, bicycles are "non-motorized vehicle" without a license, but when on the road, and motor vehicles subject to the same rules of the road.
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Types of bicycles
Folding bike Folding bike. Characterized by lifting the car hand brake application makes the vehicle axis upward folded into the overall structure of ultra-small size of the axis type portable folding bike, folding rear vehicle into the bag (bags) become integrated structure folding bike . You need to use in the production of the locking hinge to the frame and a leader, connected to the seat; locking hinge is spring loaded cable (wire gates), easy to operate; lift the hand brake to control the locking hinge, ensure the safety and convenience. The utility model is novel, simple and reasonable structure, easy to fold and unfold, convenient and comfortable to carry and use, production technology is mature, easy to popularize, great market prospects. Electric Bicycle We know that electric bicycles electric bicycle (hereinafter referred to as the electric car) is a battery as an auxiliary energy, with two wheels, to achieve human riding, electric or electric-assisted bicycles special features. Electric bicycle models with TD (special kind of electric bicycles bike category) crown numbers. Although it is characterized by the appearance (or even the appearance of features with a motorcycle) with an ordinary bicycle, but the main thing is that it is based on an ordinary bicycle, the installation of the motor, controller, battery, turn the steering components such as brake handle and display Electrical and instrumentation systems integration, personal transportation. Climbing bike Bicycle climbing is cycling, with skill and balance, a variety of different kind of artificial or natural obstacles, the project is one of the few non-racing bike. Technologies include situations in different speed balancing and high jump, long jump. Steeplechase International Cycling Union (BikeTrial International Union, BIU) the definition of a bicycle climbing competition is "bike riders based on the judgment and balance, using a variety of techniques to achieve in the shortest possible time and to avoid the body through the designated area and obstacles obstructions and ground contact, in order to avoid penalty points. This bike race is climbing bike race ", the tournament leader in China's Li Jiajun, etc. There
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Materials that can be used in the bicycle
Chrome-molybdenum steel frame: 90 years ago, the bicycle frame with chrome-molybdenum steel for the mainstream. It's a good distortion performance and tensile properties, high temperature does not affect the welding material, cheap price. However, heavy weight, is easily oxidized. The new material in recent years to overcome it owes point play to the advantages of chrome-molybdenum steel frame again attracts attention. Carbon frame: light, but the ground can absorb the impact, the force backwash and fast material is ideal for bicycle frame material. The level of carbon fiber, the higher the elasticity, the higher the tonnage, the price is also expensive. There are several manufacturing methods, e.g., adhesive coated, overlapping carbon fiber, the heat treatment in the mold, solidified molding. Titanium frame: the proportion of titanium is 55% lighter than steel, is not easily oxidized. In order to improve the tensile strength, a mixture of aluminum, titanium and vanadium. To conduct such as welding in a vacuum processing complex, expensive frame. Aluminum frame: aluminum alloy frame light and rigid. After special processing a frame weight of only 1 kg weight. Of large diameter aluminum pipe tends, in order to ease the rigidity is too strong, the current seat tube and fork uses carbon fiber to absorb the impact of strong subject of such attention.
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World famous bicycle brand
Specialized: called the bicycle industry BMW. Its roads, especially in mountainous series has done superb. Tour de France race car. TIME: the famous French bicycle manufacturers. Frame it highway system, the design of the self-locking system is a world-class level. Colnago: the famous Italian road bike manufacturer. C40 is the plant's top model, the Giro, the World Championship car. BMC: Swiss bicycle manufacturer. The main products are mountain bikes, road bikes, time trial car. BMC developed in cooperation with Easton Carbon nano-tubes are known in the bicycle industry's unique design. BMC T-tube frame design enhances the strength of frame Trek: the famous American brand, sponsored by Discover Channel team has won seven consecutive Tour de France title. Schwinn: U.S. brands. There's a comfortable known Sierra, Frontier and other superior quality. Huffy: one of America's mountain bike-known brands, they produce simple and rugged mountain bike comfort. Marin: known to mountain bike. Mongoose: America's super biking brands, Chinese national team sponsor BMX bike Cannondale: U.S. brand, known for arm known, commonly known as "Lefty", see the 2008 Olympic mountain video. Giant: domestic brands, a variety of road bike, mountain bike, wagon, etc. Merida: domestic brands, a variety of road bike, mountain bike, wagon, etc. UCC: New from domestic bike brands, species diversity, mountain, road, station wagon and so on.
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Encyclopedia
zixingche Bicycle bicycle By a person riding a pedal-driven two-wheelers. Simple structure, light weight, low cost, easy maintenance, without energy, no pollution, no noise, road adaptable, widely used means of transport, carrying cargo, physical exercise and competitions. A Brief History of China, "said Qing exclusive" Volume XI of the records, the mid-17th century, Huang Lu Chuang "wheeled trolley car system, one person can sit, do not need to push, on their own." In 1790, Earl invention France Siv Mubarak stepping on the ground with both feet forward two wooden wheels of the car, was called Trojan wheel (Figure 1 Trojan round). In 1818, the German BKvon Dries invention wooden two-wheeler in front of the handlebar, steering wheel steering it. In 1839, the Scottish blacksmith K. McMillan made the first car driven by a crank linkage rear iron two bicycles, feet pedaling foot travel (Figure 2 fitted with iron bicycle crank linkage ). 1861, France P.and E. Michaud and his son made a large front wheel and small rear wheel, fitted with a crank and pedal board can turn the front wheel bike, and in 1867 exhibited at the Paris Exposition (Fig. 3 bicycle pedal board can be rotated). In 1869, Britain's first use of WF Reynolds spoke tension rim (rims), and installed on the rim solid rubber tires, while using lightweight frame made of thin steel rod, the weight of the bike is greatly reduced (Figure 4 spokes taut bicycle rims and solid rubber tires fitted). The above five kinds of bikes are quite different and modern bikes. In 1874, the British HJ Lawson on the bike with a chain drive structure, pedals mounted between front and rear wheels, but still large front wheel and small wheel (Figure 5 uses a bicycle chain drive structure). In 1886, Britain's JK Starley device on the bike brakes on the drive shaft using roller bearings, front and rear wheels the same size and made with steel diamond frame (Figure 6 diamond frame bicycles). In 1888, Britain's JB Dunlop pneumatic rubber tires will be successfully applied on the bike, significantly improves the performance of the bike ride, so the structure and performance of the bike perfected. Early 20th century, the gradual development of bicycle production, the structure also improved. At that time Britain is a major producer and a major exporter. After World War II, the rapid development of automobile industry, bicycle manufacturers affected. 1970s energy crisis, which appeared bike heat, promotes the development of bicycle production. In 1929, China began production in some coastal cities bicycle parts. In 1932 the introduction of some of the parts assembled vehicle. In 1936, Chang and produced by successively Japan in Shenyang, Tianjin, Shanghai has opened three small, little bicycle factory production. 1945 This three plants outcome China, but the yield is still low. Until 1949, the annual output of only 14,000 Chinese bicycles. After 1949, the bicycle industry developed rapidly. By 1988, there were 84 vehicle plants, more than 300 parts factories, forming a complete professional package production system. In 1979, the annual output of more than 10 million Chinese bicycles, ranked first in the world to start. After years of bicycle production is still growing, has been leading in the world. 1987 annual production of over 40 million. Structures bike portion of the body is mainly composed of five, transmission, action, braking, lighting and reflective device composed, but also needed to add some accessories. For sports cars, race cars and other coaches as well as the transmission mechanism is equipped with a multi-speed bicycle, still need to increase the speed controller and the front and rear derailleurs, etc. (Figure 7 race bike structure). The main parts of the body part of the frame, fork, handlebar, saddle and front fork and other components, is the subject of a bicycle. There are a variety of frame shapes, can be broadly divided into four basic shapes (basic shapes in Figure 8 frame), men and women of various shapes bikes are developed on this basis. High intensity diamond frame, suitable for trucks, non-trucks and other vehicles and race cars, is a typical structure of a bicycle frame, the most widely used. Quadrilateral frame used for women's bicycles. For ease of carrying and storage, but also to make the frame structure collapsible and removable. Frame generally a combination of ordinary carbon steel pipe brazing. To reduce weight, the higher the bike uses ordinary low-alloy steel, manganese steel, such as 19, 15 titanium steel. In the race car is unequal wall using high-strength alloy seamless steel pipe will be made of some sections streamlined to reduce air resistance at high speeds. Fork by fork engaging member and the frame of the upper and lower ball bearing consists of two coupled, in the frame
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English Expression
: Cycling
n.: bicycle, bike, coaster, cycle, racer, velocipede, wheel, coaster brake, two-wheeled vehicle on which a person rides, using pedals to drive it along, push-bike, bicycle that is operated by pressing the pedals and not by a motor
