To cotton, hemp, silk, wool and other fibers spun into yarn or thread, weave cloth, silk, woolen, etc. ~ ~ Plant Your Technology.
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Spinning and weaving
General term for spinning and weaving. "Mo had speech": "Women waste their textile and repair of literary grace, so people cold." "Sui Shu Chuan Cheng good fruit of Women Mother": "they wire Xi textiles, the woman of the service, the self-queen, the next Tai Graves's wife, all have the system. "" History of Ming Huang forward pass ":" very poor, wife of textile to give day and night, until reading about Road ease. "Qing Wu Chi-chang," passenger window Gossip Lu Qing Xian Public Kingdoms ":" facilitate the implementation of the thickest are none better than the textile. and whom everyone can. "Cao Yu and other" guts Sword, "the fourth screen:" Occasionally there are a few spark, think women are still in the textile. "
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Various types of textile machines
1. Spinning fall Fall is spinning for the history of China's first spinning tool, it can be traced back at least the appearance of new stone age when. According to archaeological data, in the thirty provinces and cities throughout China have discovered the ruins of the early residents, almost all the main components of textile spinning wheels fall unearthed. Unearthed in the early spinning wheel, generally by simple grinding stone or pottery made of different shapes, mostly drum-shaped, round, flat round, rectangular and other shaped, some round surface is also painted decoration. Spinning fall not only changed the appearance of the primitive society of textile production, spinning on the later development of far-reaching effects tools, and spinning it as a simple tool that has been in use for thousands of years, even in the twentieth century, Tibet Some nomadic Tibetans, it is still spinning. 2. Spinning wheel (Hand-cranked spinning wheel) (foot-operated spinning wheel) 3. A large spinning wheel hydraulic 4. Pedal loom
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Fabric dyeing
The material used in ancient China can be divided into colored mineral pigments and vegetable dyes, of which the latter is the main ancient dye. Ancient ancestors have long mastered the nature of a variety of vegetable dyes, and invented a variety of staining techniques and is called "Valerian" in resist printing technology. Various dyes has its coloring principle, although the mineral pigments and vegetable dyes are pigments, but their coloring principle is different. Mineral pigments and coloring agents is to make it through the sticky adhesive on the fabric surface, but the color of water that come off easily. Vegetable dyes is not, dyed, its pigment molecule is through the fabric fibers with fiber affinity and change the color, the color of the sun despite washing, are not easily fall off, or very little loss. Ancient mineral commonly used in vegetable dyes is more numerous, the ancients according to characteristics of different dyes to create the dyeing process include: direct dye, mordant dyeing, reduction dye, dye-resistant, color printing and dyeing. Dye species and the diversity of the ancient craft methods of printing and dyeing industry, chromatography is very rich, ancient books found in the records alone, there are hundreds of species, especially in a clear separation of colors in dozens of similar color, which requires proficiency in various dye combinations, formulations and process conditions so as to achieve change.
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Main fabric
China's textile, has a long history. Textile products can be summarized as embroidery, silk, clothing and carpets four varieties. These four varieties, the production of different, unique style, following a brief introduction to them respectively. Embroidery Embroidery as a craft of embroidery, sewing in general on the basis of developed. Go-between sewing clothes, is a major advance in human civilization. Long history of Chinese embroidery. Chinese Neolithic Age, dating back seven thousand years ago Hemudu people, not only with bone needles, and with the textile. Chinese embroidery, thousands of years, largely along such a line of development: first, embroidered clothes, but also extended to the embroidery of daily living, rising later to watch the embroidery products. Until now, still divided into two categories, namely, household items and embroidery embroidery paintings. Embroidery is a primary art, in order to better their own lives and created. Pure and simple embroidery, embroidery artists to show the inherent affection. Silk In the silkworm cocoon silk is spit out when a liquid, and the silk protein sericin from the air after solidification. Wire performance, toughness and good flexibility. A silkworm silk can be about 1000 meters long. Silkworm silk reeling, silk embroidery, a major work of women in ancient China. Attracts insects actually a little life in the Chinese played a big role, and lead to shock the world. China's silk fabric is when it occurs? According to archaeological data to show that China's silk fabric began in Neolithic Southeast Liangzhu culture, dating from about 2735-2175 years BC. China Han Dynasty (206 BC - 220 AD) and Tang Dynasty (AD 618 -907) was a two peak period. Silk is an unprecedented development in the area, reaching a peak, and there are many kind handed down. For a long time, China is not only the invention of silk countries, and is the only country with such a craft. As the senior exporting silk, China is the world as the "wire Country. " Now called "silk" is silk fabrics like that. Silk, fine texture, but not too light, animate organization, cooked weave, plain weave, (starting on the plain simple pattern) of the points. Chinese silk fabric pattern pattern, start showing colorful scene. Whether flowers, large flowers, color, color, and regardless of geometric shape naturally, have to adapt to the wire material structure and practical use, and because with the contemporary and Art Deco phase mapping. Chinese traditional craft decorations, theme and content in the form of not only pay attention to the beauty, more emphasis on auspicious meaning. The proposition that evil is evil to drive flat Anna Fu. Silk brocade, with its gorgeous noble quality to win the treasure of all mankind, on a variety of weaving techniques to complex and diverse, unique style, combined with different artistic ingenuity, which created three years of glory.
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Textile and clothing history
Fashion is the labor of human-specific, it is both the crystallization of the material, but also has spiritual implications. Almost from the day the origin of clothing, it has been their lifestyle, aesthetic taste, color preferences, as well as various cultural attitudes, are being accumulated in the clothing, the building became the spiritual and cultural meaning of clothing. Chinese dress like Chinese culture, is the impact of mutual penetration of various ethnic groups generated. Han and Tang Dynasties (206 BC - AD 907), particularly in the modern times, a large number of nations of the world to absorb melted fine crystals of foreign culture, it evolved into a whole called the Han Chinese culture as the main dress. Qing Dynasty (AD 1644 - 1911) Men's clothing mainly to the long robe. Can be described as full in the Qing Dynasty, the Han clothing co-exist. Manchu women robe mainly Han places women under the dress shirt for fashion. Women's clothing styles and varieties to the Qing Dynasty are also increasingly diverse, such as vests, skirts, coats, scarves, belts, glasses ... ... and many many others. Popular in the 1920s dress, born out of the Manchu Qing Dynasty, women's clothing, is worn by the Han women in Western clothing styles to absorb the continuous improvement of the stereotypes. From the 1920s to the late 1940s, the Chinese cheongsam popular for over 20 years, style has changed several times, such as the collar completely get rid of the old style, so that the curves of female body and fully displayed, and this is the fashion. Later, cheongsam also spread abroad, as other countries follow suit wearing woman. Carpet About China (Qing) Xianfeng decade to decade between wen (1860-1871) began production of carpet. Carpet designs, appeared in the 19th century about the last few years. Early 20th century, Chinese carpets in designs, colors, three mature technology, to China 20 years to form a unique carpet. China carpet standard format: Basic tricks of the carpet pattern, mainly reflecting the patterns of distribution, including round Kui-based patterns to occupy the center of the carpet, the four corners of an equilateral triangle from the angle of the cloud decoration, carpet around the outside edge of the small side and large, carpet around the edge of the narrow side of the turns without any decoration. Qing Dynasty (1644 - 1911) of the carpet. Mainly used in court etiquette, and here in the Queen's courtiers living people, a small number of festive activities for civil use. China's pattern of the carpet pattern, motif of magnificent, solemn, elegant colors and not kitsch Achillea known world. In 1920, China has produced a color sticks carpet style, art style and other types of patterns. Divided into two spinning and weaving processes, the origin of Chinese textile legend rule by the Ancestor silkworm silk began, archaeological cavemen in the Paleolithic archaeological sites found on the bone needle, the earliest known origins of the textile, to the Neolithic Age, invented the spinning wheel to make the rule more convenient wire, Zhou appeared in the original textile machines: spinning wheel, Chao car, the Han Dynasty invented the Jacquard machine, Song Sung compiled Heavenly Creations Textile Technology will be incorporated into the them. Than China's most famous silk textile, silk trading led to the East-West cultural exchange and transport development, but also indirectly affect the Western business and military. Pre-emergence of the British Industrial Revolution factories detailed division of labor, but the 6-8 production of cotton yarn spinning workers supply one weaver can weave cotton, causing the so-called "yarn shortage." 1765 a British named Hargreaves invented a new weavers spinning machine, he used his daughter's name to the machine, known as the spinning jenny. New spinning machines and the improvement and invention led to the development of the British textile industry, indirectly affect the future occurrence of non-cooperation movement in India Gandhi.
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Textile English
Yarn Yarns Cotton and blended yarn Cotton, Cotton Mixed & Blended Yarns Cotton yarn Cotton Yarns C yarn T / C & CVC Yarns Sticky cotton Cotton / Rayon Yarns Cotton yarn clear Cotton / Acrylic Yarns Cotton / spandex yarn Cotton / Spandex Yarns Cotton and other blended yarn Cotton / Others Blended Yarns Wool Yarn Woollen Yarn Series Cashmere Yarn Cashmere Yarn Series Wool Yarn Wool (100%) Yarns Acrylic yarn Wool / Acrylic Yarns Wool yarn Wool / Polyester Yarns Hair sticky yarn Wool / Viscose Yarns Wool / silk yarn, Wool / Silk Yarnss Wool / other Wool / Other Yarns Rabbit yarn Angora Yarns Shenandoah wool Shetland Yarns Yak yarn Yak Hair Yarns Lambswool Lambswool Yarns yarn Silk Yarn Silk Yarn Series Raw silk White Steam Filature Yarns Douppion wire Duppion Silk Yarns Tussah Tussah Silk Yarns Silk Spun Silk Yarns Tussah silk Tussah Spun Silk Yarns Grapefruit Silk Silk Noil Yarns Silk Line Silk Threads Cotton blended yarn Silk / Cotton Blended Yarns Hemp Yarn Halm Yarn Series Hemp yarn Hemp Yarn Series Series Flax Yarn Linen Yarn Series Ramie Yarn Ramie Yarn Series Jute Yarn Jute Yarn Series Other plant fiber yarns Other Plant Yarns Sisal Yarn Sisal Yarn Series Rayon and synthetic yarns Manmade & Synthetic Yarns Acrylic Acrylic Yarns Acrylic cashmere Cashmere-like Acrylic Yarns Imitation fur Sunday Angora Yarns Nylon yarn Polyamide Yarns Polyester yarn / yarn Polyester Yarns Man-made yarn Spun Rayon Yarns Tencel Yarn Tencel Yarns Elastic yarn Elastane Yarns Viscose yarn T / R (Polyester / Rayon) Yarns Rayon Yarn Spun Rayon Blended Yarns Other synthetic yarns Other Synthetic Yarns Artificial filament or wire Viscose Filament Yarns or Threads Color yarn fancy yarns Chenille yarn Chenille Yarns Tatu yarn Big-belly Yarns Tape yarn Tape Yarns Mohair yarn Mohair Yarns Feather Yarn Feather Yarns Centipede Yarn Centipede like Yarns Necklace yarn Neckline Yarns Braided yarn Pigtail Yarns Ladder yarn Ladder Yarns Loop yarn Loop Yarns TT yarn TT Yarns Knot yarn Knot Yarns Table Tennis Ping-Pong Yarns yarn Other colors of yarn Other Fancy Yarns Metallic yarn Metal Yarns Rope, cord and cable Twine, Cordage, Rope & Cables
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Common concepts and categories of textile
Can follow the textile processing of the material points: Cotton silk linen wool fiber processing Weaving in accordance with the method can also be divided into: Knitting Machine woven The process has a chemical processing exist, but there is the largest number of chemical processing industry and chemical fiber dyeing and finishing industry. A commonly used concept: 1, warp, warp, warp density - the length of fabric; the known to the warp yarn; its one inch in the arrangement of the yarn through the dense root number (warp density); 2, weft, weft, weft density - fabric width; called the weft yarn to its one inch of yarn for the weft arrangement of root number (weft density); 3, density - used to indicate the length of yarn woven fabrics unit root of the number, usually 1 inch or 10 cm of the root of the yarn number, the country's national standards require the use of 10 cm within the root of the number that the density of yarn, but textile enterprises are still used to follow the one inch of yarn to represent the root of the number density. As is usually seen "45X45/108X58" said weft yarn, respectively 45, warp and weft density of 108,58. 4, width - the effective width of fabric, the general practice of using inches or centimeters, the common 36 inches 44 inches 56-60 inches, etc., are known as narrow, medium width and wide, more than 60 inches of extra width fabric, often called the general wide cloth, especially in China today is wide-width fabrics up to 360 cm. Width is generally marked on the density of the back, such as: 3 mentioned in the fabric as if with width, said: "45X45/108X58/60" "the width is 60 inches. 5 grams - fabric weight is generally square fabric weight in grams, weight is a knitted fabric of an important technical indicators, woolen woolen usually the weight as an important technical indicators. Denim fabric weight generally with the "ounce (OZ)" to express that the fabric weight per square yard a few ounces, such as 7 oz, 12 oz denim, etc.;: 6, yarn-dyed - Japan called "first dye fabric" refers to the first filament yarn or dyed, and then use the yarn for weaving process method, this fabric is known as the "dyed" color production fabric dyeing plant commonly known plants, such as denim, and most of the fabrics are yarn-dyed shirt;: Second, the textile category: 1, according to the classification of the different processing methods (1), woven fabric: the perpendicular horizontal and vertical arrangement of the two systems of yarn in the loom on the basis of certain rules interwoven fabric. There are denim, brocade, board Secretary then, yarn, etc. Woven fabrics classified in many ways. (A) on the component types are divided into pure fiber fabric textiles, blended fabrics and mixed fabrics. Pure textiles - refers to the warp and weft fibers with the same pure yarn woven into the fabric, this fabric is mainly reflected the performance characteristics of the fiber. Such as cotton fabric warp and weft are of cotton yarn (lines) such as cotton khaki 21X21/108X58, viscose fabrics are warp and weft yarns of viscose fibers. : Blends - refers to two or more different varieties of blended fiber yarn woven into the fabric, such as cotton and linen blend, cotton blend, wool, etc., they are the biggest feature is the spinning process will be fibers mixed together (usually in the road before spinning the "cotton opening and cleaning process" mixed fibers). Woven fabric - refers to the use of warp and weft yarns of different fibers or long silk into the fabric, such as by the users nylon filament yarn, weft interwoven with rayon brocade fabric by the users stick with the silk weft yarn Silky mixed fabrics, etc. (B) composed of woven fabric according to length and fineness of the fiber into cotton fabrics, in the long fabric, wool fabric and filament fabrics. Cotton fabrics - cotton fiber length of 30 millimeters, the length of the fibers in the yarn for the cotton yarn (for cotton fiber blends, to cut the length of the fiber - cotton fiber), with this kinds of cotton yarn consisting of textile fabrics for the Wool fabrics - wool length of about 75 mm or so (relatively large difference between different species), the length of the fibers in the yarn of wool yarn (for blending with wool fiber, chemical fiber to cut the length of the - wool fiber), consisting of fabric in this yarn is wool fabric. In the long fabric - cotton and wool between the length between the fibers, called the long fibers, called the long form of the yarn fiber yarn, fabric in this yarn is in the form of long fabric. Filament fabrics - with a long silk into the fabric, such as rayon fabric, polyester filament fabric. (C) composed of woven fabric according to the organizational structure is divided into plain, twill, satin and other organizations. Fabric organization concept has already been talked about, not repeat them here. (D) by the use of components into garments with fabrics, home textiles, industrial fabrics and so on. (2), knitted fabric: the yarn woven into the fabric circle formed, divided into weft and warp. a, weft weft knitted fabric is fed by the weft knitting machine needle work, so that the yarn bent into a circle in a sequential manner, and each wearing a _set_ made. b, warp knitted fabric is the use of a group or several groups of parallel yarns in warp knitting machines feed on the needles all the work, simultaneously formed into a circle. Knitted fabric is divided into two categories: warp and weft knitted fabrics knitted two categories. Weft knitted fabric used for sweaters and socks, warp knitted fabrics used to do lingerie, hand weft preparation is the preparation method. Weft knitting, the yarn from the machine side to side to do horizontal reciprocating motion (or circular motion), with the needle movement can be knitted to form a new coil. Weft knitted yarn is taking the horizontal, the fabric is formed by the needle in the direction of row one row knit one row of the upper and lower rows of coils connected to each other formed. A row of all the coils by a woven yarn. Weft knitted fabric circular in cross-machine or machine to complete. Warp in by a group of warp up to do vertical movement, movement with the knitting needles to form a new knitted coil. Warp knitted fabric and warp knitting machines to produce them, and the production of weft knitted fabric and weft knitting machine with weft fabric fundamentally different. After knitting the yarn in the warp is woven, like warp woven fabric, as by a shaft for the yarn, the winding shaft of a large number of parallel yarns, and woven in the warp beam similar. After knitting the yarn in the warp direction is the. In a row to form a vertical coil, and then move to another vertical and oblique lines, forming the next row in another coil. Yarn in the fabric along the length from side to side was "the" shape forward, one each coil rows are all compiled from various yarns. When the weft knitwear knitted in the largest share. There are basic weft knitted weft knitted fabric (jersey, also known as Wei-ping, rib fabric, purl knits), special weft knitted fabric (double rib knits, double knits, plush, knitted terry , knitted velvet, etc.) warp knitted fabric mainly by the flat, the velvet and velveteen divided by the (3), non-woven fabric: the loose fibers together by glue or stitching. At present mainly two ways to bond and puncture. In this processing method can greatly simplify the process, reduce costs, improve productivity, has a broad development prospects. 2, according to the classification of raw materials constitute the fabric of yarn (1), pure textile materials: raw materials constitute the fabric of the same fibers are used, there are cotton fabrics, wool fabrics, silk fabrics, polyester fabrics, etc. (2), blended fabric: the fabric raw materials composition using two or more different types of fibers, the blended yarn are made of a polyester and viscose, polyester acrylic, polyester and other blends. (3), mixed and fabric: the fabric composition of raw materials used by two fiber yarn, the blend is made from strands that have low elastic polyester filament and the long-mixed and also polyester staple fiber and low shells made of polyester filament yarn and mixed stock lines. (4), woven fabric: the system constitute the fabric of the two directions of raw materials were used in different yarn, rayon silk interwoven with the ancient incense satin, nylon and rayon and other woven textile-rich Nigeria. 3, constitute the fabric material is stained by category (1), white base fabric: without bleaching and dyeing of raw materials processed through the fabric, silk fabric in the goods, also known as students. (2), color fabric: The raw materials after dyeing or processed through the fancy yarn fabric, silk fabric is also known as cooked goods. 4, the new fabric classification (1), adhesive fabric: the fabric by the two back to back each other by bonding together. Bonded fabric organic fabric, knitted fabric, nonwovens, vinyl plastic film, but also their different combinations. (2), flocking fabric processing: the fabric is covered with short dense hair fiber, with velvet style, can be used for clothing and decoration materials. (3) foam laminated fabric: is the foam adhesion for the base fabric woven or knitted fabric, and most of the material used for jackets. (4), coated fabrics: woven or knitted fabric at the bottom of fabric coated with polyvinyl chloride (PVC), neoprene rubber is made with superior water resistance.
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Adventure Chinese textile history
It is estimated that China's accession to WTO, the biggest beneficiaries of the textile industry: 7 years, the textile industry, the estimated number of posts increased by 23%; in the next five years, China's textile industrial output value will be an annual 6.5 percent average growth rate; to In 2005, the total annual processing of textile fibers will reach 14.25 million tons, per capita consumption to 7.8 kg; in textile and garment exports will reach $ 65 billion; industry, science and technology contribution to output growth is expected to reach 60% . Twenty-first century of major changes in trade regimes: on the one hand, continue to lower tariffs, non-tariff trade barriers continue to reduce, there will be high-tech products developed Western countries for its direct impact on developing countries; the other hand, developed countries to use technology, _set_ting many of the technical regulations and standards, the formation of invisible technology, standards barriers to restrict developing countries' products entering their market.
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The original handmade textiles
Various regions of the world textile production began to vary the time sooner or later. About 5000 BC, the birthplace of world civilization began textile zone have been using local produce. Such as North Africa, the Nile Valley residents to use flax textile; China's Yellow River, Yangtze River residents to use GE, hemp textiles; South Indian River residents and the people of the Inca empire in South America have been using cotton textiles; Asia Minor have been wool textiles. During this period of the original spinning tools and original textile loom parts have been designed in China, Hebei, Zhejiang, South Asia, North Africa, Egypt, the Indus Valley and other regions. Spinning proprietary vertical and horizontal. Saved 550 BC Greek vase, and useful for hanging Textile College of ancient hand-spun wool spinning images of ethnic minorities in southwest China is to save the leaning vertical knee site of the ancient textile spinning technology professionals. South American Andean region put on the horizontal leg spinning Textile College. The original loom with hanging and tiled two, tiled loom two axes fixed with four stakes in the ground, said to loom. Egypt 4000 BC unearthed pottery plate painted with the image of this land loom. There is also a weaver's beam with both feet touch tiled loom, while the weave axis tied to the waist, was the original back machine. BC unearthed in Peru 200 years old pottery bowl painted with images of the original machine back. Hanging hung loom beam, warp on its own natural weight or hammer sagging suspension, followed by weaving weft. North America Aojiebuwei tribes have used this loom woven sacks, said vertical loom. There is the narrow width of the ribbon machine integrated with a square or polygonal plate openings, said consolidated board loom. 900 years BC in Egypt, Scandinavia region in 200 BC the relics have been found that loom. The original loom was first separated warp directly with your fingers, then use a stick open and beating. This gradual evolution of a stick in the shape, thickness and function with the difference that is integrated with the pole (or integrated bar), divided by the knife stick and beating the division of labor. Integrated pole also from a development to a few dozen of the root or roots, to meet the needs of weaving patterns. Position from moving between the two groups of warp yarn above the plane, around the ring on the pole is hanging on and integrated by a _set_ of warp in each of the root, forming integrated hanging rod. This hanging pole with integrated frame, later widely used integrated box. Mexico Guerrero and North America Xinanpuwei Bois's traditional vertical loom is still preserved in this early style of heald frames. Has Paleolithic human use of fossil pigments in color, such as China and the European Cro-Magnon cavemen people. Found in many parts of the world with over ancient colored fabric. China in 3000 BC has been using vegetable dyes madder, indigo, Isatis, safflower, etc. India in 2500 BC with madder and indigo; Egypt in 2000 BC using Isatis and safflower; Peru residents have long mastered the Preparation of insect red dye method. Neolithic textiles products mainly of short-fiber fabrics. Such as North Africa, the Nile basin linen; South Asia, the Ganges, the Indus Valley cotton fabric; South China 加普利安特 areas of cotton, wool weaving and delivery system of Mayan weaving of cotton, sisal cross-weaving; the Caspian Sea, the Aegean coast Mesopotamia wool fabric and West Asia; China's Yellow River, Yangtze River silk fabrics. In these fabrics, some with hand-painted patterns, some with textured form simple patterns, some with embroidery. Some people think that even the ancient inhabitants of the Caucasus region has been the original printing.
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Hand textile machinery
The original handmade textile production has experienced a long history of evolution, the region or to appear before or after the original motive parts, transmission components and parts of three components work hand textile machines, such as the hand spinning wheel, reeling car, foot looms. Although the original textile tools and textile experts are still the original waist machine parts continue to be used, but the supporting hand textile machinery, into the hand of the advanced areas of the historical period textile machinery. Spread by hand textile machinery, communication and gradually improved. Finally, with the more complete the production of mechanical work, concentration of power for the transition to large-scale industrial production of machinery to prepare the technical conditions. About 500 BC in China has basically completed the supporting hand textile machinery (see China's textile history). Ancient Egypt also use flax spinning wheel. In the loom, China addition to locations outside of Korea, Japan, Persia (now Iran), Central Asia and other places, but progress is slow. Oslo, Norway, 9th century AD unearthed integrated board with 52 wooden loom brown board. In 1200 AD, before and after the two ensembles foot loom was the increasingly widespread use in other regions. After the 16th century, Europe began to hand textile machinery have been greatly improved. 1533 J. Jurgen the German flyer and bobbin made with the hand-spinning wheel, and the increase of twist and winding movement can be continuous, so that greatly increased the productivity of spinning wheel. In 1764, British J. Hargreaves spinning wheel made of vertical 8 Jenny, made of fibers of the pre-feed rollers used to feed fibers out of the way by hand. Soon, manual flyer-style roller spinning mule spinning cars and vehicles have appeared. Looms in Europe are still many in use until the 17th century primitive form. Such as the production of the famous French Gobelin loom jacquard blanket (Figure 6) is still used by the comprehensive and sub-pole stick. The 18th century, looms larger improvements made in Europe. 1733 J. Kay invented the British Hand picking of parts to sit through the reed device (Shuttle), then drop box is also created. This is the second mention comprehensive foot after another epoch-making invention. China took the Jacquard machine (flower floor machine) by the Europeans gradually improved to the 18th century French JM Jacquard made of human-powered board jacquard pattern. 1589 W. Lee to create a British hand-knitted weft knitting machine, made in 1775, British J. Crain warp knitting machine. Dyeing and finishing of mechanized progress later. Manual mode of production continues much longer. Ancient Indians in the 4th century master tie knot before and after dyeing, the ancient Egyptians in the 9 to the 10th century learned to wax anti-staining. These two regions had long used the template printing. European printing technology in the 12th century before the spread only in a few areas, such as Western Europe Rhineland. To the 17th century the German Society of wax anti-stain, Britain, France, the Netherlands, residents learn to use the media madder dye. 17th century to early 18th century, Europe began to roll printing. T. Bell 1785 England developed successfully integrated the results of previous roller printing machine, the printing production to continuous. In textile products, color jacquard tapestry of ancient Chinese technology in Japan, Persia, Rome and other places a great impact. India 300 BC production of fine cotton printed chiffon fabric Mai Silin also influential in Europe. In the 4th century BC Persian fabric has been renowned. Sassanid Dynasty (229 ~ 651) during the wire, heavy twill wool as raw materials by weft jacquard fabric and colorful people around the world welcome. Egypt in 3 to 12 century to the production of linen and wool as raw material jacquard tapestry, 7 to the 10th century by the Peruvian cotton, camel wool weft of the fabric Cashier Hua Di, 10 ~ 12 century Byzantine fabrics, Baghdad, Syria , Egypt and Spain, Islamic themes have widespread patterns of fabric. After the 12th century, Persia and Italy began producing velvet (see Zhang velvet). 13 to the 14th century by the Italian impact on Chinese patterns Lu Kasi fabrics, France wool tapestry, embroidery, silk, etc. Britain has become Europe's most famous varieties. 16 to the 17th century Persian carpet velvet and velvet plant, Italy and Flanders linen color jacquard fabrics, France Liang Si fabric, silk tapestry, knitting lace, etc. have been popular. Indian chintz in Europe is also very popular. During this period of Japanese products in China, India and other products formed under the influence of national characteristics of style, such as the famous Yuzen dyeing. Large industrial textiles Half of the 18th century, the Industrial Revolution first began in Western Europe, the textile industry, machine hand from the workers' movement in the initial processing freed for the use of power-driven focus of large-scale industrial production methods to prepare the conditions. Mechanization of the 18th century textile production, the capitalist mode of production in Europe the gradual establishment of trade much development. Colonial occupation, but also provides a broad base of raw materials and sales markets. Work hand textile machinery parts of a series of improvements, making the use of natural power instead of human-driven focus on production is possible. 70 to 80 years of the 18th century European cotton extensive use of hydraulic-driven machine. To 1788 the British have a 143 hydraulic cotton. 18th century, textile mills began to use steam engines. From cottage industry production is concentrated gradually replaced by large-scale factory production.
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The development of China's textile industry
China is the textile production and export of a large country, China's textile industry itself after years of development, competitive advantages are obvious, with the world's most complete industrial chain, the maximum processing package level, a number of well-developed industrial clusters respond to market risk of self-regulation ability, to maintain a steady pace of development the industry to provide a solid guarantee. 2007 January to November, China's textile industry scale enterprises realized total industrial output value 1,690,091,131 yuan, an increase over the previous year 21.46%; to achieve total sales of 1,625,893,972 yuan, an increase over the previous year 21.22%; achieve total profit 61,878,749 thousand, compared with an increase of 31.27% over the same period last year. January-February 2008, China's textile industry scale enterprises realized total industrial output value of 270,235,318 yuan, an increase over the previous year 16.44%; to achieve total sales income 255,274,904 yuan, an increase over the previous year 17.08%; achieve total profit 7,551,666 yuan, an increase over the previous year 17.14%; at end of February 2008, the number of industry-wide scale enterprises as 28,174 homes. On the export side, from January to December 2007, Chinese textile and apparel exports totaled $ 171.206 billion, up 18.9% over the same period in 2006, down 6.3 percentage points. Among them, textile export of $ 56.104 billion, an increase of 14.99%; clothing exports $ 115.102 billion, an increase of 20.93%. From the international environment, there is still much room for development of international markets and opportunities. With the end of 2007 China-EU textile quotas expired, the end of 2008 the end of the Sino-US textile quota restrictions on Chinese textile quota-free era coming, about 60% of the global textile market share of regional liberalization of textile trade with China will be to to great opportunities. And in the next few years the world economy will increase range, will promote the growth of international trade, which will bring China's textile and garment export growth favorable international market protection. From the domestic economic environment, domestic demand will become an important driver of industry growth. Currently, about 80% of Chinese textiles in domestic consumption. With the continued rapid growth in the domestic economy, enhance the stability of income, will boost the further development of the domestic market. Chinese textile enterprises should overcome the current raw material prices, RMB appreciation and export tax rebate adjustment difficulties, the development of the textile industry to seize the opportunity to improve industry concentration, and curb the blind expansion of inefficient production capacity, increase the characteristics of industrial park construction, strengthen independent the pace of innovation to enhance China's textile industry, brands, and carrying out industrial restructuring and upgrading. By the major Powers, the Chinese textile and textile stepped into power.
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