A large class of planets, including Earth, Mercury, Venus, Mars and Pluto. Such planets slightly spherical shape, volume and quality of the Jovian planets smaller than the average rock density and less weight.
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No. 2
Terrestrial planets (eight planets are divided into three categories: terrestrial planets (including water, gold, earth, fire), giant planets (wood, earth) and far on the planet (King, Sea King). Terrestrial planets similar to Earth is the planet and they close from the sun, the volume and quality are small, the average density, the surface temperature is higher, almost the size of the Earth, but also by rocky. Research team of scientists that, although no direct evidence that the planet's surface is rocky, but excluded from the determination of the quality of it as the gas composition of Jupiter's planet. Data show that it is likely to be a nickel / iron rock or silicon cover terrain structure. Between the Earth's land structure and Uranus / Neptune heating between the huge ice structure. It has a dense vapor cloud. The result is a peak of Mauna Kea in Hawaii, the Keck Observatory observable. Keck Observatory has two _set_s of the world's largest giant 10-meter optical telescope. Each eight-story building, weighs 350 tons. This success is also due to the Keck Observatory found that improvements in technology - ccd spectrometer detector accuracy increased from 3 m / s to 1 m / s, can be found in the Milky Way for the future quality and very planet Earth foundation. Search for Earth-like planets Mankind from thousands of years ago, the territory began to expand the effort. "Shan Hai Jing", said: "Yu-step from the east to Grand extreme and Xichui, two hundred million thirty-three thousand three hundred seventy step in; and the North Pole to make vertical Hai step down in the North, two hundred million thirty-three thousand one thousand five hundred seventy five steps inside. "Chinese people 4,000 years ago, has already begun a large-scale, organized geographically mapping and land resource survey work, called China's geographical discovery. From the Han Dynasty, the Chinese people's eyes began to target the ocean. To the Tang dynasty after the technology with China's highly developed shipbuilding, China and India, Persia, the Arab merchant in the South Pacific and frequent contacts between the Indian Ocean, early 15th century, Zheng He's 30 years in less than seven voyages. For Zheng, Dr. Joseph Needham commented: earliest, largest and most technologically advanced shipbuilding technology, navigation, the strongest sea power, beyond the Navy's total military strength at the world. However, the last great geographical discovery, but it is done by the Europeans. Late 15th century, from Spain and Portugal initiated and completed in geographical discovery, will significantly expand the world map. Immediately, the "land rights empire" into decline, "Sea Power colonial empire" rise from the earth as a whole. Since the 1980s, Earth's eyes started to target the extrasolar planets. February 1995 "Phoenix Plan" started to use New South Wales Parkes 64 m radio telescope, observed within about 200 light years away near the class of 1000 on the star, but so far found more than 100 extrasolar planets, almost entirely by the hot gas component, rather than by rock type and mineral composition of the planet Earth. In December 2003, British scientists announced that 25 light years away from Earth the star "Vega" (vega) around, probably around a similar Earth-like planets. Search for extrasolar planets biggest problem is that the planet itself does not light, the reflected signal is very weak, the star of light brighter than the planet around its 1,000,100 million times, must be masked to highlight the bright stars of planetary features. NASA prepared to address this multifaceted problem. Chile, Lira Syrah (la silla) Astronomical Observatory Astronomy Working Group of Switzerland and France found a new Earth-like planets. Neptune the planet's size and considerable mass of about 17 times the Earth, the solar system with a distance of about 20.5 light years. The planet is in Libra in around the g1 581 red dwarf star (g1 581 red dwarfs are about one-third of the sun) to do high-speed operation. According to the astronomers observed it rotate around the red dwarf star takes only five days. European Southern Observatory's astronomical scientists announced the discovery to the outside world, said they did not yet find a suitable planet for the name. Astronomers say our Milky Way galaxy in which most stars are similar to g1 581 red dwarfs, stars in the vicinity of our solar system, 80% are of this type. Astronomers who study such non-gaseous giant planets are very interested. It is engaged in the study of the French astronomer Xavier - Deerfosai said: "Our findings illustrate some of the small stars around the planet there are also common, which also gives us a revelation: you can become a red dwarf star We explore the other terrestrial planets of a key. " Astronomers also said, has been found in more than 170 planets, only five planets smaller than the newly discovered planet. Astronomers observing the planet in the use of harps system and northern Chile Astronomical Observatory telescope. European astronomers have also explained that this discovery of the planet at a distance g1 581 red dwarf six million kilometers of operation within the region, its surface temperature about 150 degrees Celsius. For comparison, the nearest solar system planets from the sun - Mercury and the Sun's distance fifty-eight million kilometers, one revolution around the sun it needs 88 days. Ambitious vision JPL Terrestrial Planet Finder (tpf) project scientist Charles Beckman April 28, 2004, said NASA is expected to launch in 2014 a small sundial, with a block method to highlight the bright stars planets . By 2019, the United States and the European Space Agency will co-launch free-flying interferometer. This will be a strict compliance with the distance of a football field away from the two telescope, the zero signal interference measurement, the two telescope signals for synthesis, signal peaks and troughs of the overlay signal, the image up from the bright stars In addition, while the rotation of the planets around the star's light can be reflected through a different path telescope optical system, in the image on the trace. The present observation, the solar system near the three stars, Pictor b stars (beta pictoris), Epsilon Eridani (epsilon eridani) and Vega (vega) are likely to have Earth-like planets in other solar system. Free-flying interferometer, to be launched Spitzer Space Telescope and the James Webb Space Telescope, and Kepler's planetary exploration program in the Space Telescope, will be on thousands of stars to scan distant stars and solar system in the near found only a few stars around the planet several times larger than Earth. But this is not enough. All of these instruments are for the terrestrial planet finder (tpf) made preparations for the planned launch in 2014 and 2018 tpf-c tpf-i launched two Earth-like Planet Finder, a combination of both will be able to present the resolution of the Hubble Telescope to 100 times, through infrared and visible wavelength range of the joint observation, would have found that terrestrial planets and detect atmospheric chemical composition of the planets ability. If tpf can find Earth-like planets in the signs of life, the National Aeronautics and Space NASA will apply in 2020 after more powerful telescope to identify and capture the planet's vital signs. There are no little green men In that distant place, we can find? University of Colorado Astrobiology Research chief scientist Bruce Jacques Sharansky told "t look the East Week", to find a life support terrestrial planets like Earth, liquid water or other liquid form is the basic condition, such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, calcium, iron and other substances in any geological activity on the planet is very easy to find. Another necessary condition is the chemical imbalances that existence, and efforts continue to restore balance to provide metabolic energy. Some scientists say, carbon-based life on Earth, and to the same family of elements of silicon-carbon-based life forms may also exist. "Phoenix Plan" _Set_h Shostak, senior scientist believes that the outer electron from the silicon structure, does have a unique four carbon-free electrons, but a large atomic weight of silicon, silicon - oxygen covalent bond Comparison fragile, not the same as the combined organic carbon molecules, which can not as the foundation of life. He said that life is organized, and an accurate copy of the form, and its core is the transmission of information, we can not rule it according to electronic behavior, the formation of possible other forms of chemical mechanism. So the aliens will not like the movie of the same length with green skin, through photosynthesis to survive it, _Set_h said, using the skin of photosynthesis, the energy efficiency of aliens only 8% even in the every day exposure the sun, it can not meet their energy needs, energy need for that day to 3 weeks of time to reserve. Therefore, the aliens can not rely on photosynthesis to survive, or green plants to get energy by eating more direct and effective. Ultimate break France and other countries, including a 12 international research team including scientists, published in the British 26 "Nature" magazine reported that they used a technique called gravitational micro-lens, to detect a new class of planets, It is the human quality ever found outside our solar system's smallest terrestrial planets. In moving to another planet or star, when in front of distant stars, sometimes in front of objects as "lens" as to enlarge the rear of the distant object to appear brighter in the observer, this is the so-called "gravitational lensing" effect. In recent years, scientists use this phenomenon to develop new technology to detect unknown planets - gravitational microlensing technique. Search for Earth-like planets with alien life is to explore an important issue. Previously, scientists detect planets using traditional techniques, has found more than 170 pieces of terrestrial planets, but due to technical limitations, was often found in larger terrestrial planets, which is also the smallest planet's mass is about seven times the Earth. By the French Institute of Astrophysics of scientists led international research team, using the gravitational microlensing technique, discovered a smaller planet. The planet is named ogle-2005-blg-390lb, 28,000 light years from Earth, the Earth's mass is about 5.5 times. Scientists say newly discovered planets around a brown dwarf running, the distance between the Sun-Earth distance is about 2.6 times. However, due to the brown dwarf's radiation energy is very low, so the planet's surface temperature is about minus 220 degrees Celsius only, definitely not suitable for life to exist. Scientists hope that the future can use the gravitational microlensing technique, detected more quality smaller terrestrial planets. ================================================== ========================================= - Water temperature may be suitable for human habitation 4 月 24 日 (Tue) by the 11 European astronomers have the first team outside the solar system discovered a potentially habitable planets. The planet has Earth-like temperatures. Scientists describe the discovery is "the universe in search of life," a big step. Meet the standards for human habitation European Southern Observatory in Chile discovered the planet. Planet is the right size, might have liquid water. Conceptual point of view from the Galaxy, it is relatively close distance of the Earth, there are 12 trillion miles away. But the planets around the star is a "red dwarf", is smaller than the sun, dark and cold a lot. Currently, the newly discovered planet Fengyun there are many unknown areas, however, this is the first extrasolar planets have astronomers meet the requirements of planets suitable for human habitation: the size is relatively similar to Earth's temperature to allow liquid water to exist. The findings have not yet published, but has been submitted to the "Astronomy and Astrophysics" magazine. Found the door open for more Observatory scientists observed that the planet around a red dwarf star gliese581 run. Red dwarf star is a low energy, the smaller stars. Launch dim red dwarf star red, persistent than the sun a long time. Fengyun newly discovered planet was named "581c". The discovery will certainly lead to a similar dim stars surrounding the planet research. About 80 percent of near Earth are red dwarf stars. "581c" heavy weight about five times more than Earth. Found "581c" of the scientists do not yet sure, it is rocky planets like Earth, or the surface of liquid water "big hockey." If it is rocky like Earth, its diameter is about 1.5 times larger than Earth. If it is a "big ice hockey" in diameter may be greater. According to theory, "581c" should have an atmosphere. But part of the atmosphere is still a mystery. If the atmosphere is too thick, then the planet's surface temperature too high. There may also be liquid water However, scientists believe, "581c" the average temperature between 32 and 104 degrees. This finding led astronomers to celebrate. So far, astronomers have discovered 220 extrasolar planets all either too hot or too cold, or too much, so uninhabitable. The newly discovered "581c" looks just right. NASA's exobiology Chris Michael Kay said: "This may be very important, this does not mean there is life there; but shows that living in accordance with the suitability of possible judgments, it is an Earth-like planets. " Another astronomer assumptions, in addition to the appropriate temperature, the newly discovered planet may also be filled with liquid water. But that is not based on any evidence, but on the theory of planet formation. Other astronomers cautioned that, now that "581c", there is no water too early. Only 13 days a year Galaxies where the new planet is only 20.5 light years from Earth, the galaxy of stars from Earth gliese581 also stars one of the most recent 100. For each want to go to "581c" Planet of the people, they must know, sitting on a sinking planet will be more important; and their age will increase even faster, because "581c" revolution around the circle as long as the star 13 days. "581c" is on the acceleration of gravity on earth 1.6 times, so you will feel the weight increased by 0.6 times. "581c" from the star it orbits the distance from the Sun than the distance between the Earth nearly 14 times. From the "581c" point of view, the size of stars in the sky than we see on the moon in the Earth 20 times. And "581c" probably will not spin, so half of it has been during the day, the other half has been the night.
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Outline
Terrestrial planets, Earth-type planets, or refers to the rocky planets are mainly composed of silicate rock the planet. This project from the Latin root word "Terra", which means earth or land, due to popular fashion, with the object is a planet, so the combo adoption of the "terrestrial" planets in this translation. Terrestrial planets and gas giant has a great difference, the gas giant may not have solid surfaces, and the main components of hydrogen, helium, and there are different physical states of water. Eight planets are divided into three categories: terrestrial planets, gas giants and aphelion the planet. Terrestrial planets (including water, gold, earth, fire) is similar to the planet Earth. Their distance from the sun close to the volume and quality are small, the average density, the surface temperature is higher, almost the size of the Earth, but also by rocky. The so-called terrestrial planets similar to Earth is a planet, astronomers think that these planets may support life, which has research significance.
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Structure
Earth-like planets are very similar to the structure: a central iron-based, and most of the metal core, based around the surrounding Portland-based to Han. Moon's structure is also similar, but the lack of iron core. Earth-like planets have canyons, craters, mountains and volcanoes. Terrestrial planet's atmosphere is recycled atmosphere, different from the Jovian planets in the solar nebula directly from the native atmosphere. In theory, the terrestrial planets or rocks can be divided into two categories, one silicon-based compounds, and the other to carbon-based, such as carbonaceous chondrite asteroids. These two are called silicate planets and carbon planets (or "Diamond Star"). Research team of scientists that, although no direct evidence that the planet's surface is rocky, but excluded from the determination of the quality of it as the gas composition of Jupiter's planet. Data show that it is likely to be a nickel / iron rock or silicon cover terrain structure. Between the Earth's land structure and Uranus / Neptune heating between the huge ice structure. It has a dense vapor cloud. The result is a peak of Mauna Kea in Hawaii, the Keck Observatory observable. Keck Observatory has two _set_s of the world's largest giant 10-meter optical telescope. Each eight-story building, weighs 350 tons. This success is also due to the Keck Observatory found that improvements in technology - spectrometer CCD detector accuracy increased from 3 m / s to 1 m / s, can be found in the Milky Way for the future quality and very planet Earth foundation.
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Search for Earth-like planets
Mankind from thousands of years ago, the territory began to expand the effort. "Shan Hai Jing", said: "Yu-step from the east to Grand extreme and Xichui, two hundred million thirty-three thousand three hundred seventy step in; and the North Pole to make vertical Hai step down in the North, two hundred million thirty-three thousand one thousand five hundred seventy five steps inside. "Chinese people 4,000 years ago, has already begun a large-scale, organized geographically mapping and land resource survey work, called China's geographical discovery. From the Han Dynasty, the Chinese people's eyes began to target the ocean. To the Tang dynasty after the technology with China's highly developed shipbuilding, China and India, Persia, the Arab merchant in the South Pacific and frequent contacts between the Indian Ocean, early 15th century, Zheng He's 30 years in less than seven voyages. For Zheng, Dr. Joseph Needham commented: earliest, largest and most technologically advanced shipbuilding technology, navigation, the strongest sea power, beyond the Navy's total military strength at the world. However, the last great geographical discovery, but it is done by the Europeans. Late 15th century, from Spain and Portugal initiated and completed in geographical discovery, will significantly expand the world map. Immediately, the "land rights empire" into decline, "Sea Power colonial empire" rise from the earth as a whole. Since the 1980s, Earth's eyes started to target the extrasolar planets. February 1995 "Phoenix Plan" started to use New South Wales Parkes 64 m radio telescope, observed within about 200 light years away near the class of 1000 on the star, but so far found more than 100 extrasolar planets, almost entirely by the hot gas component, rather than by rock type and mineral composition of the planet Earth. In December 2003, British scientists announced that 25 light years away from Earth the star "Vega" (Vega) around, probably around a similar Earth-like planets. Search for extrasolar planets biggest problem is that the planet itself does not light, the reflected signal is very weak, the star of light brighter than the planet around its 1,000,100 million times, must be masked to highlight the bright stars of planetary features. NASA prepared to address this multifaceted problem. Lira Syrah in Chile (La Silla) Astronomical Observatory Astronomy Working Group of Switzerland and France found a new Earth-like planets. Neptune the planet's size and considerable mass of about 17 times the Earth, the solar system with a distance of about 20.5 light years. The planet is in Libra in around the red dwarf star G1 581 (G1 581 red dwarfs are about one-third of the sun) to do high-speed operation. According to the astronomers observed it rotate around the red dwarf star takes only five days. European Southern Observatory's astronomical scientists announced the discovery to the outside world, said they did not yet find a suitable planet for the name. Astronomers say our Milky Way galaxy in which most stars are red dwarf stars similar to G1 581, near the stars in our solar system, 80% are of this type. Astronomers who study such non-gaseous giant planets are very interested. It is engaged in the study of the French astronomer Xavier - Deerfosai said: "Our findings illustrate some of the small stars around the planet there are also common, which also gives us a revelation: you can become a red dwarf star We explore the other terrestrial planets of a key. " Astronomers also said, has been found in more than 170 planets, only five planets smaller than the newly discovered planet. In observing this planet astronomers using the HARPS system and the astronomical observatory in northern Chile, the telescope. European astronomers have also explained that this discovery of the planet at a distance of G1 581 red dwarf six million kilometers of operation within the region, its surface temperature is about 150 ℃. For comparison, the nearest solar system planets from the sun - Mercury and the Sun's distance fifty-eight million kilometers, one revolution around the sun it needs 88 days.
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Ambitious vision
JPL Terrestrial Planet Finder (TPF) project scientist Charles Beckman April 28, 2004, said NASA is expected to launch in 2014 a small sundial, with a block method to highlight the bright stars planets . By 2019, the United States and the European Space Agency will co-launch free-flying interferometer. This will be a strict compliance with the distance of a football field away from the two telescope, the zero signal interference measurement, the two telescope signals for synthesis, signal peaks and troughs of the overlay signal, the image up from the bright stars In addition, while the rotation of the planets around the star's light can be reflected through a different path telescope optical system, in the image on the trace. The present observation, the solar system near the three stars, Pictor b star (Beta Pictoris), Epsilon Eridani (Epsilon Eridani) and Vega (Vega) are likely to have Earth-like planets in other solar system. Free-flying interferometer, to be launched Spitzer Space Telescope and the James Webb Space Telescope, and Kepler's planetary exploration program in the Space Telescope, will be on thousands of stars to scan distant stars and solar system in the near found only a few stars around the planet several times larger than Earth. But this is not enough. All of these instruments are for the Terrestrial Planet Finder (TPF) have done to prepare the planned launch in 2014 and 2018, TPF-C TPF-I launched two Earth-like Planet Finder, a combination of both will be able to present the resolution of the Hubble Telescope to 100 times, through infrared and visible wavelength range of the joint observation, would have found that terrestrial planets and detect atmospheric chemical composition of the planets ability. If TPF can find Earth-like planets in the signs of life, the National Aeronautics and Space NASA will apply in 2020 after more powerful telescope to identify and capture the planet's vital signs. There are no little green men In that distant place, we can find? University of Colorado Astrobiology Research chief scientist Bruce Jacques Sharansky told "t look the East Week", to find a life support terrestrial planets like Earth, liquid water or other liquid form is the basic condition, such as carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, phosphorus, calcium, iron and other substances in any geological activity on the planet is very easy to find. Another necessary condition is the chemical imbalances that existence, and efforts continue to restore balance to provide metabolic energy. Some scientists say, carbon-based life on Earth, and to the same family of elements of silicon-carbon-based life forms may also exist. "Phoenix Plan" _Set_h Shostak, senior scientist believes that the outer electron from the silicon structure, does have a unique four carbon-free electrons, but a large atomic weight of silicon, silicon - oxygen covalent bond Comparison fragile, not the same as the combined organic carbon molecules, which can not as the foundation of life. He said that life is organized, and an accurate copy of the form, and its core is the transmission of information, we can not rule it according to electronic behavior, the formation of possible other forms of chemical mechanism. So the aliens will not like the movie of the same length with green skin, through photosynthesis to survive it, _Set_h said, using the skin of photosynthesis, the energy efficiency of aliens only 8% even in the every day exposure the sun, it can not meet their energy needs, energy need for that day to 3 weeks of time to reserve. Therefore, the aliens can not rely on photosynthesis to survive, or green plants to get energy by eating more direct and effective. Ultimate break A 12-country scientists, including France and other international research team, including, in the 26 edition of the British "Nature" magazine reported that they used, called gravitational microlensing of techniques to probe onto an Xin the terrestrial planets, It is the human quality ever found outside our solar system's smallest terrestrial planets. In moving to another planet or star, when in front of distant stars, sometimes in front of objects as "lens" as to enlarge the rear of the distant object to appear brighter in the observer, this is the so-called "gravitational lensing" effect. In recent years, scientists use this phenomenon to develop new technology to detect unknown planets - gravitational microlensing technique. Search for Earth-like planets with alien life is to explore an important issue. Previously, scientists detect planets using traditional techniques, has found more than 170 pieces of terrestrial planets, but due to technical limitations, was often found in larger terrestrial planets, which is also the smallest planet's mass is about seven times the Earth. By the French Institute of Astrophysics of scientists led international research team, using the gravitational microlensing technique, discovered a smaller planet. The planet is named OGLE-2005-BLG-390Lb, 28,000 light years from Earth, the Earth's mass is about 5.5 times. Scientists say newly discovered planets around a brown dwarf running, the distance between the Sun-Earth distance is about 2.6 times. However, due to the brown dwarf's radiation energy is very low, so the planet's surface temperature is only about minus 220 ℃, definitely not suitable for life to exist. Scientists hope that the future can use the gravitational microlensing technique, detected more quality smaller terrestrial planets. - Water temperature may be suitable for human habitation 4 月 24 日 (Tue) by the 11 European astronomers have the first team outside the solar system discovered a potentially habitable planets. The planet has Earth-like temperatures. Scientists describe the discovery is "the universe in search of life," a big step. Meet the standards for human habitation European Southern Observatory in Chile discovered the planet. Planet is the right size, might have liquid water. Conceptual point of view from the Galaxy, it is relatively close distance of the Earth, there are 12 trillion miles away. But the planets around the star is a "red dwarf", is smaller than the sun, dark and cold a lot. Currently, the newly discovered planet Fengyun there are many unknown areas, however, this is the first extrasolar planets have astronomers meet the requirements of planets suitable for human habitation: the size is relatively similar to Earth's temperature to allow liquid water to exist. The findings have not yet published, but has been submitted to the "Astronomy and Astrophysics" magazine. Found the door open for more Observatory scientists observed that the planet around a red dwarf star Gliese581 run. Red dwarf star is a low energy, the smaller stars. Launch dim red dwarf star red, persistent than the sun a long time. Fengyun newly discovered planet was named "581c". The discovery will certainly lead to a similar dim stars surrounding the planet research. About 80 percent of near Earth are red dwarf stars. "581c" heavy weight about five times more than Earth. Found "581c" of the scientists do not yet sure, it is rocky planets like Earth, or the surface of liquid water "big hockey." If it is rocky like Earth, its diameter is about 1.5 times larger than Earth. If it is a "big ice hockey" in diameter may be greater. According to theory, "581c" should have an atmosphere. But part of the atmosphere is still a mystery. If the atmosphere is too thick, then the planet's surface temperature too high. There may also be liquid water However, scientists believe, "581c" the average temperature between 32 and 104 ℃. This finding led astronomers to celebrate. So far, astronomers have discovered 220 extrasolar planets all either too hot or too cold, or too much, so uninhabitable. The newly discovered "581c" looks just right. NASA's exobiology Chris Michael Kay said: "This may be very important, this does not mean there is life there; but shows that living in accordance with the suitability of possible judgments, it is an Earth-like planets. " Another astronomer assumptions, in addition to the appropriate temperature, the newly discovered planet may also be filled with liquid water. But that is not based on any evidence, but on the theory of planet formation. Other astronomers cautioned that, now that "581c", there is no water too early. Only 13 days a year Galaxies where the new planet is only 20.5 light years from Earth, the galaxy of stars from Earth Gliese581 also stars one of the most recent 100. For each want to go to "581c" Planet of the people, they must know, sitting on a sinking planet will be more important; and their age will increase even faster, because "581c" revolution around the circle as long as the star 13 days. "581c" is on the acceleration of gravity on earth 1.6 times, so you will feel the weight increased by 0.6 times. "581c" from the star it orbits the distance from the Sun than the distance between the Earth nearly 14 times. From the "581c" point of view, the size of stars in the sky than we see on the moon in the Earth 20 times. And "581c" probably will not spin, so half of it has been during the day, the other half has been the night.
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