geology and mining : distance learning > Petroleum engineering
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中国石油工业的发展
  石油是一种重要能源和优质化工原料、是关系国计民生的重要战略物资,石油工业是我国国民经济的重要基础产业。改革开放以来,我国经济高速发展,对能源的需求越来越大。石油作为能源的重要组成部分,在我国一次能源消费和生产中所占的比重迅速上升并基本稳定在一定的水平上,而我国也由往日的石油出口国转变为石油进口大国,石油已经成为制约我国经济增长的“瓶颈”。
  中国的石油勘探尚处在中等成熟阶段,石油储量仍处于高基值稳定增长时期,但勘探难度越来越大。中国的主力油田总体已进入递减阶段,稳产难度不断加大,但开发上仍有潜力可挖。
  石油行业是一个资金投入高度集中的行业,同时也是一个高风险的投资领域。国外大型石油公司几乎都是上下游一体化、业务遍布全球的跨国公司。全球经济发展的不均衡性,使得大石油公司在不同国家或地区的投资回报水平各不相同。在石油工业的整个生产链中,上游的勘探开发、中游的管道运输、下游的炼油与销售以及化工业务在不同时期的项目投资回报水平差异也十分明显,这决定了石油公司在进行投资决策时具有极大的选择性。如何充分、合理地确定投资规模以及资金投向,求得较高的投资回报,是石油公司共同关注的问题。
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Classification details
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