Torrent pillar plate, Huai Economic different wave. Mo surprised when the less clear, are at the edge of music and more. Yu Yuan can pass plug, high multiplexing Galaxy. Yu Cheng door precipitous, as long before they may have.
Earth's surface more natural flow (eg, rivers, etc.) collectively.
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hé liú
Have a high surface year-round or seasonal flow of water and natural flow
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No. 4
That the Yellow River water. Southern Song Fu Liang "as Songgong to Luoyang Ye Wuling Table": "River Trent disease, Road resistance and long." "History of Qing Dynasty canals Chih-yi": "Since the river, and return Zhili River embankment work should be under the jurisdiction of the Governor. "
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No. 5
This refers to the natural flow surface of the earth. Bi Ye "Tianshan scene in mind": "and then re-import Stream flow and along the streams, rivers formed out of the Tianshan Pentium." Ke Rock "The gay guest verses to": "red red big tall, green trees, green grass and small rivers . "
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Brief introduction
River (River): on land surface water flows regularly or intermittently to form linear natural waterways (also artificial). Many rivers in our title, said the larger rivers, river water, said a small river, stream, ditch, music and so on. Tibetan said Zangbo, Mongolian called gol. Each river has Heyuan and estuaries. Heyuan is the birthplace of the river, some springs, some lakes, swamps or glaciers, each river Heyuan not exactly the same. Estuary is the end of the river, the river that import ocean, where other rivers (eg tributaries River), lakes, swamps, or other bodies of water. In the arid desert area along the river is consumed in some river seepage and evaporation, and finally disappeared in the desert, the river is called "blind end of the river." In addition, Heyuan and estuaries, every one according to hydrology and river valley terrain features, divided into upper, middle and lower three segments. Upstream than the big drop, velocity, erosion dominant, mostly bedrock or gravel river channel; midstream gradient and flow rate decreases, increased traffic, erosion, siltation is not serious, but the river has been the development of lateral erosion, river channel, mostly grit. Gentle slope downstream, the flow rate is small, but the flow, siltation dominant, multi shoal or sandbar, river channel and more sand or silt. Usually in the major rivers into the sea will be a number of points into the sea, forming a river delta. Catchment area of the river into the ocean usually called the outflow of the river, the river is called the outflow outflow recharge basin. Flow into inland lakes or disappear in the desert of this kind is called the blind end of the river flow river, river basin within the scope of the supply stream called the River. Drainage area of the outflow accounted for 63.76% of the area. To communicate in different rivers, river and sea, development of water transportation and excavation of the river called artificial canal, also known as drainage. To bleeder river floods, the river is called artificial excavation reduction River.
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Our rivers
Rivers within China, only drainage area of more than 1000 square kilometers have more than 1500. National total runoff of over 27,000 billion cubic meters, equivalent to 5.8% of the global total runoff. Since the main rivers originate Plateau, big falls, China's water resources are very rich in reserves of 680 million kilowatts, ranking first in the world. China's rivers drain into the river and the river. Outflow into the ocean river basin area about 64% of the total land area. Yangtze, Yellow, Heilongjiang, Pearl, Liaohe, Haihe and Huaihe eastward into the Pacific Ocean; Tibet border Brahmaputra flowing eastward and then south into the Indian Ocean, there is 504.6 kilometers long on the river, the world's first 6009 meters deep canyon - Yarlung Zangbo Grand Canyon; Irtysh River in Xinjiang border northward flowing into the Arctic Ocean. Flow into inland lakes or disappear in the desert salt flats of the river into the basin area of about 36% of the country's total land area. Tarim River in southern Xinjiang is China's longest inland river, a total length of 2179 km. The Yangtze River is the largest river in China, second only to the Nile in Africa and South America, the Amazon, the world's third longest river. It is a total length of 6300 km, the basin area 1,809,000 square kilometers. Yangtze River region warm and humid climate, abundant rainfall, fertile land, is China's important agricultural area; Yangtze is China's water transport artery of things, there are called "golden waterway" of. Yellow River is the second longest river in China, a total length of 5464 km, the basin area 752,000 square kilometers. The Yellow River valley lush, rich mineral resources, has historically been one of the cradles of ancient Chinese civilization. Heilongjiang is a river in northern China, a total length of 4,350 km, of which 3,101 km are Chinese territory; Pearl River is a river in southern China, the total length of 2214 km. In addition to natural rivers, the Chinese there is a famous artificial river that runs through the north and south of the Grand Canal. It began cutting in the 5th century BC, north of Beijing, south to Hangzhou, communication Haihe, Yellow, Huaihe, Yangtze and Qiantang River five total length of 1,801 km, is the first cut, the longest artificial river in the world.
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The merits and demerits of the river
Rivers are important hydrological cycle path on the earth, passing on the global material, energy and transport plays an important role. Water is also constantly changing surface morphology, formation of different water landforms, such as gullies, deep valleys, alluvial fans, alluvial plains and river deltas and so on. Density areas in large rivers, the vast waters of the climatic region also has a regulatory role. Topographical, geological conditions on the river flow, flow, water features and riverbed slope constraints, such as the role played. Great climate within the river basin, especially temperature and precipitation changes, the flow of the river, the water level change, ice conditions and other effects. Soil and vegetation conditions also affect river sediment concentration. Hydrological characteristics of a river is the result of the combined effects of many factors, such as sediment concentration of the river, is well received by the soil conditions, vegetation cover on the situation, but also affected by climatic factors; different rainfall intensity, the ability to scour erosion is different, Therefore, in the same soil vegetation conditions, the central area of the river sediment concentration rainstorm correspondingly larger. River very close relationship with humans, because the river is exposed on the surface, easy access to the river, is the most important human can rely on freshwater resources, but also renewable energy. The river has a number of multi-country, regional imbalances in the distribution, hydrological characteristics of regional differences, abundant water resources and other characteristics of the formation and characteristics of the territory of these vast, diverse terrain, terrain from the Tibetan plateau to the east ladder-like distribution, complex climate, precipitation from southeast to northwest closely related to diminishing natural environmental features. Our Northeast Plain, the North China Plain, the Yangtze River Basin and Sichuan Basin inside the Chengdu Plain, are formed by the alluvium of river floodplains. On the Loess Plateau by water erosion in many places, so that the terrain has unique characteristics. Thus, the river district geography knowledge is also important to learn the basics. Rivers provide for the country's four modernizations freshwater resources and energy. Of river runoff is 2.61 trillion cubic meters, ranking sixth in the world, provides a wealth of agricultural irrigation water. Our irrigation water and irrigated area ranks first in the world. Rivers also has a farming and shipping interests, and provides domestic and industrial water use. China is rich in water resources, provides a wealth of renewable energy. Thus the river is also learning Chinese geography fourteenth, fifteenth, sixteenth chapter basics necessary.
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The status quo of China's rivers
① China's large rivers, but uneven geographical distribution. Drainage area of over 100 square kilometers of rivers 50,000, more than 1000 square kilometers of the river there are more than 1,500, more than 10,000 square kilometers has 79. Natural rivers with a total length 43 km, but the uneven geographical distribution, in which the river basin area of the Pacific Ocean's largest river system, accounting for 56.71% of the total area; followed by Indian River rivers, accounting for 6.52%; Arctic Ocean water is only 0.53% , another 36.24% within the flow region. Drainage density descending from southeast to northwest. ② runoff of rivers, year and interannual variations are large, 夏季丰 water, dry winter, spring transition rule. Such as the Yangtze, summer water accounts for 70-80% of annual runoff, less winter. And then measuring the flow of the Yellow River Shan County, for example, the maximum flow rate of 22,000 seconds public square, a minimum of 200 seconds public square, a difference of 100 times. ③ sediment concentration in many of our rivers, sediment load is large. Every year more than 10 million tons of sediment load of rivers 42, average annual sediment load of the Yellow River Shan County station is 16 million tons, compared with the world's other rivers, the Mississippi River is 5.2 times, 4.4 times the Amazon, Congo River 24.6 times. Average annual sediment load of the Yangtze River is 500 million tons. Thus, in the Yellow River and the Yangtze River Jingjiang River, due to sediment deposition become "ground river." ④ China is rich in water resources, water reserves of 680 million kilowatts, ranking first in the world. However, uneven distribution of water resources of the Yangtze River accounts for 40% of the country's water resources reserves. ⑤ hydrological characteristics of rivers, large regional differences. According to the flow, water level changes and flood duration, sediment concentration, freezing of other features, the outflow of the river can be divided into four types: the Heilongjiang River and its tributaries as the representative of the northeast mountain rivers, the Yellow River, Haihe River, represented by the Qinling Mountains - the area north of the Huaihe River, the Yangtze River as the representative of the Qinling Mountains - south of the Huaihe River region, and rivers traverse mountains. There are also represented in the Tarim river, has its unique hydrological characteristics.
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Factors river
The majority of our rivers ① climatic factors, especially the eastern monsoon rivers, water supply depends mainly on rain. Geographical distribution of precipitation decreasing from southeast to northwest laws affecting our drainage density also has decreased from southeast to northwest laws. Because of the uneven distribution of rainfall has seasonal, inter-annual variation in the characteristics of the river during the year and the impact of interannual variation in runoff. Our rivers are mostly things flow, and the passage of frontal rain band also has a characteristic zonal direction of extension, so the whole river basin at the same time easy to form into flood. Water supply in the arid regions of the western river mainly by permanent snow and ice melt water, the temperature will directly affect the size of the runoff. Water supply in the northern rivers seasonal meltwater rivers generally have spring flood. Length of river ice time is also determined by the temperature in the low latitudes to high latitudes by the flow of the river, as the temperature changes, there will be ice run. ② terrain of the Tibetan Plateau is the highest in the terrain from here to the east, south, north to the lower, and therefore the river belonging to the Pacific, Indian and Arctic three major river, the largest river system in which the Pacific Ocean. Our low-lying west to east, is divided into three steps, the ladder and the boundary of the band became the birthplace of the river. Originates in the Tibetan plateau as the Yangtze, Yellow and Lancang and Nujiang; originated in the eastern margin of the second step in Heilongjiang, Liaohe, Haihe River, Luan River, West River, etc.; originated in the third step of the Changbai Mountains, the hills of Shandong, Fujian Zhejiang and other places have hills Yalu, Tumen River, Qiantang River, Minjiang River and so on. When the river flows through the ladder boundaries, forming a gap, abundant water resources. ③ soil, vegetation on river sediment concentration. Such as loess soil loose, very fine particles, high impact poor performance, vegetation cover and less on the Loess Plateau, so who originated or rivers flowing through the Loess Plateau, sediment concentration is greater. The southern and northeastern mountainous rivers due to high vegetation cover, river sediment concentration is small. ④ the impact of human activities on the river. Artificial excavation of the river, changing the original straightening rivers, construction of inter-basin water transfer project to change the distribution of runoff, as well as the construction of dams, etc. are examples. Our rivers Most of the outflow of rivers located in the southeast region. Here's rivers and more and longer summer flood easily formed. Average total annual runoff flood runoff 60/100 to 80/100. Qinling Mountains and Huaihe rivers, river front line north of the ice in winter, generally formed the dry season, and even some rivers drying up. Inland Northwest River less, in some places for the free flow area. Here the river water is not abundant, and the Gobi Desert along multiple, serious evaporation and seepage, many rivers become seasonal rivers. Grand Canal On the motherland, in addition to the many natural rivers, there are many excavated rivers, such as the Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal and Lingqu so on. Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal is the world's longest artificial river dug earliest. Total length of 1800 km, from north to south through Beijing and Tianjin City and Hebei, Shandong, Jiangsu, Zhejiang and four provinces, through the Haihe River, Yellow River, Huaihe, Yangtze and Qiantang River five and a series of lakes. History to Beijing-Hangzhou Grand Canal played an important role in communicating the north-south traffic, the canal is now Jiangsu, Zhejiang territory, remains an important water transport lines, traffic after the Yangtze. In the water diversion project, the canal will also serve as the Yangtze River northward to reach Beijing and Tianjin water channel.
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河流之最
(2) the world's longest river - the Nile
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Movie "Rivers" Taiwan
Screenplay: Tsai Ming-liang (Ming-liang Tsai) / Yang Biying (Pi-ying Yang) Director: Tsai Ming-liang (Ming-liang Tsai) Starring: Lee Kang-Sheng / seedlings day / Lu Yi Jing Producer countries / regions: Taiwan Release Year: 1997 Language: Mandarin Synopsis Extras for once, the well-off (Lee Kang-Sheng) suffering from strange diseases crooked neck, father (Miao days) with its four treatment. Although his father had a wife, son, but it is the body's eager young boys gay, home to his already exists in name only, has lost the ability to take responsibility for (or did not believe any responsibility to bear), but for the well-off, since he was not consciously plays "father" role in the traditional sense, but it can only be a dereliction of duty. Well-off young gay, but they do not know themselves what to expect at a consolation from homosexual parents' dubious relations between men and women has helped him to lose confidence in the understanding of same-sex relationships are just blindly believe that the two have a brief physical attractive combination. As her husband (contemporary man) and his son (younger men) while snubbing mother (Lu Xiaolin), you can only suffer in silence dual physical and mental hunger and loneliness ......
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Encyclopedia
heliu River river Gravity, focusing on known natural watercourses or periodically recurring linear recess in the surface. In China there are different names of rivers, river, river, stream, reservoir cloth, gol, etc. Water sources can be divided into rain-fed, snow melt water supply and groundwater recharge, etc. Except for a few intermittent streams, the rivers tend to get two or more simultaneously recharge. Changes in river water regime by climatic factors and the underlying surface to control various factors. Mainly in rain-fed rivers, the river changes its water zone which is consistent rainfall; mainly with meltwater rivers, the zone in which the temperature of the ebb and flow of the river about. In exceptional natural environment, the river has its own unique character. For example, far from the sea inland, less rainfall, river water is small and short river downstream disappeared in the desert or import inland lakes, inland sea formed no river. Development in karst areas, rivers affected by karst control, surface water and some may go underground through caves, fissures, funnel formed underground river (underground stream, Yin River). Each river has its headwaters and estuaries. Heyuan is the birthplace of the river. Heyuan is probably more glaciers, lakes, swamps or springs. Rivers and estuaries is the ocean, lakes, swamps or interchanges another river estuaries can be divided into the lake estuary, a tributary estuaries. Heyuan and estuaries are among the main stream of the river, can generally be divided into upper, middle and lower three sections. Each section have their own characteristics on hydrologic and geomorphic valley. Water erosion is a business force, which controls the process of shaping the continent. River erosion, transport and accumulation of these three kinds of geological processes, so that the surface to form a variety of secondary terrain. The total amount of water in the Earth's surface, the proportion of water in the river is very small, but the turnover is faster in the water cycle is an important transport link, the natural environment is one of the power conversion between various substances. Rivers and development is closely related to the history of mankind. Cradle of ancient civilizations are linked to the river. So far some of the alluvial plains and river delta area is still developed areas of human social, economic, cultural. Rivers is the replacement of the earth's surface freshwater resources faster water body is important for human survival freshwater body. As the world population growth, economic development and the improvement of human material and cultural life, the demand for fresh water resources, human society will increase dramatically, so the rational development, utilization, management, protection of the river, is a matter of concern to all mankind. (Yang Rong)
yangtze