With the development of science and technology, aquaculture, feed nutrients comprehensive and reasonable, palatable, lost less waste, less convenient feeding, feed efficiency advantages, the majority of farmers have been gradually recognized and accepted. I found in the primary survey, the use of feed aquaculture animals, the effect vary considerably. The reason is the _select_ion and use of feed in the process, ignoring some important questions are the following Analysis for aquaculture in Taiwan.
First, the quality of feed
Second, the tame and turn food food
Third, the use of feeding machine
Fourth, the dissolved oxygen in water
Dissolved oxygen conditions that affect breeding fish, shrimp feed intake and digestion and absorption after ingestion rate and growth rate, feed conversion (feed to produce 1kg of the required amount of fish), an important factor. According to statistics, fish in the dissolved oxygen 3mg / L when the feed conversion than 4mg / L, doubling the growth in the dissolved oxygen 7mg / L in the fish grow faster than the growth in Oxygen 4mg / L in The fish almost 20% to 30%, while feed conversion by 30% to 50%. When dissolved oxygen reached 4.5mg / L or more, fish, shrimp appetite increased very significantly; to 5mg / L or more, feed conversion ratio to achieve the best value. The current aquaculture process, the level of dissolved oxygen required to achieve their often affect feed conversion. Therefore, in order to ensure the best breeding animals limits the use of the feed fed to achieve the full growth of the purpose of dissolved oxygen in water should be not less than 5mg / L ~ 7mg / L. Thus, in high yield, high-density culture, we should consider installing aerators, and often in the breeding process to determine the dissolved oxygen target, changing the water to add water to improve the substrate, use of aerators and other measures to achieve adequate dissolved oxygen , help digestion and absorption, lower feed conversion purposes.
Fifth, pond sediment
Sixth, the control of wild trash
Fine fish, shrimp ponds in the water, changing the water and cast the grass, it is difficult to avoid entering into a number of wild fish, shrimp or eggs, they are growth and reproduction in the pool, and farmed fish, shrimp fought over, fight oxygen, fight space. According to the survey, the average per mu fish ponds in the harvest when wild trash fish, shrimp, 25kg, assumed feed conversion ratio of 1.5, they consumed the food costs would reach 150 to 200 yuan per mu. Thus, in seed before stocking, to completely clear pond disinfection, water filtering through the dense mesh, feeding plants when sterilized, to prevent mixing wild trash fish, shrimp and eggs.
Hunan Fisheries
Ningxiang fish soup
Fish soup with duck soup that is growing in the same pond fish. Four Seasons because of the pond to keep warm, many aquatic organisms, food is plentiful, it is particularly plump fish grow fast and fresh, crisp exhumation soft, particularly for the most gold carp. The late 1950s, which ponds in the "food for the program," large-scale production campaign was filled into the farmland, fish soup, duck soup, along with the extinction.
White Turtle
Hair leaves and flowers
Needle sub-
Dongting Lake was once a famous specialty of fish, size, shape and silver fish like, but the upper expertise and sharp, looks somewhat like a syringe needle, also like old women the tools to lead through the pinhole, "pinning the child", so its straight call to needle son. Qianlong (1736-1796) period relegated to "Hunan Annals": "one thousand pound fish, the barbed mouth, productive lake." But in reality the fish have been living in the coastal waters, upstream into the lake can not return after this only to _set_tle and breed groups. Pinning the child is small and the meat fat, made from dried fish soup simmer very sweet, fried lobster with chili flavor in particular, every temporary fall, fishermen Noir Dongting dedicated fishing nets ashore, sun-dried fish, dried up to 5 million kg, is now extinct in the city.
Qiyang pen fish
Ming Dynasty, "Xu Travels" contains the author via Qiyang in Wujiang River waters found along the Xiangjiang River, "under which the fish said, 'mackerel', a small but very fat, weight a couple of pounds of August and September, he has no premises." Bamboo Fish that copper fish, carp, body extended, cylinder-shaped front, the rear side of the flat, back bronze, hence the name. Because of its small head, kiss long and pointed, the mouth to be thick long, shaped like a brush, commonly known as "pen fish", distributed in the Xiang, Zi, Yuan, Li upstream to tender and delicious, known since ancient times been regarded as gallery of Jane.
Hunan, mountain loach
The Catfish, mainly in the upper reaches of the Xiangjiang river, the extend-shaped body, the ability of low-oxygen environment, and can snake through the dry land, moved to other waters from the waters. Civil surprised its this characteristic, called off the mountain loach. U.S. sweet, delicate meat, greasy and sweet taste, eat at home most of the weight in Guangdong, "the Cat", as the best in the world freshwater fishes.
Catfish kidnapper
The catfish, or catfish. Qinghuang gray color, the first mouth wide, looks ugly and look sinister, slippery body is not easy to capture, Hunan people especially in the "catfish" suffix to "cripple" the word means to be careful, to deal with the guy. Hunan points catfish Silurus meridionalis (wow child, river catfish), and catfish are two former common large fish for the rivers and lakes, mainly in the Xiang, Zi, Yuan, Li River, the individual up to 40 kg; the latter mainly produced in Dongting Lake, who pounds more than the small, big in 5 kg or so, are rated as good taste in Hunan. Meat is lush without thorns, soft and delicate, steamed, braised all affordable, and can diuretic lactation, considerable benefit of the power; its Biaofei thick, made of dried fish maw, particularly gallery Jane dishes.
Alice 鲌 child
Cross fork
Squaliobarbus
Commonly known as "red-eye grass carp." "Ya Wings": "trout present in the red one across the pupil, the fish is beautiful, that's Squaliobarbus." Body slender, showing spindle-shaped, shape and the grass carp is similar to the case of migratory fish, usually living in the sea, each spring between summer and going up river, spawning the water network in Hunan Province, chilly rapids of the gravel bottom, the beginning of autumn into the sea after the recovery. Squaliobarbus eccentric temperament and very alert, so "hi lone, extremely difficult to take, see the network Noir escape." Diet is quite mixed, with snails mussels as a hobby. Its taste is also resulting, meat Roucui and willing, very delicious.
Snakehead Fish
Whole body dark brown, irregular dark spots encrusted, at first glance shaped like Kuchai, it calls for the dried fish Hunan footpaths. There are blackfish, mullet, firewood first known more for its "first with seven stars, the night toward the Big Dipper, a natural gift, so that the snakehead." (See "Compendium of Materia Medica") and folk as a "Seven Fish" The title, quite mysterious. Moreover, the snakehead fish can be more strange place, that is, such as "Ya • Release the fish," says: "all but snakehead fish in edible fish guts Gan", all bitter bile of all animals, why snakehead fish guts alone Gan ? Yet no explanation. In addition, other fish should be killed for little more than salt and then cooked, only to be killed at snakehead fish is cooked in order to sample its unique fresh, then it is ancient and modern consensus.
Jingzhou buried carp
Jingzhou Lotus group produced in the Mission Hill area of town. Hi still do not like to move, so-called "stay carp," "buried carp." According to "Jingzhou local" carries "all the fish of the carp as long, and Jing of the carp monoid, mouth than the tip, the case of flood water rise, head buried in the mud, now commonly known as hard carp." Buried carp of eccentric, every rain, flash floods, other fish, wave by wave, walk the other party, except hard drilling mud carp head to a water upside down, tail slightly put, not moving does not move. There are five colors buried carp, carp that green back, golden carp back, take back carp, carp and bamboo birds back shell carp. Artificial stocking of carp as much back to green. Jingzhou buried carp and other fish species have many more features: ① wide adaptability. Buried carp gentle, happy life in the water, and cold, Naifei, disease resistance, in the alpine mountains, plains, paddy fields, ponds or reservoirs, dam can grow normally. ② fast growth and high yield. Generally clear and bright to the 7th 5-Guyu spawning eggs into fry (commonly known as fish or fish flower water), rice per acre stocking 800-1500 tail, four months after the end of weight 0.1-0.4 kg, 0.5 kg large. Such as carp stocking last year's Aberdeen mouth (1-2 inches), four months later, a large weight up to 1.3 kg, 0.5 kg generally focuses on the end around. Fish stocking rice yield than the other about 30%, 4 months 10-30 kg fish per mu. Buried mud carp live there, weeding, the ability to eat the pests, beneficial to the growth of seedlings, is the ideal stocking rice species. ③ early sexual maturity, spawning more high survival rate, general feeding for two years can lay eggs. Each end of a female fish can lay 50,000 -20 million pills of the survival rate was 90%, 5% higher than in other species 15%. ④ meat is tender, high nutritional value. 15% -20% protein, 0.4% -5.4% fat, inorganic salts (sodium, calcium, phosphorus), 0.1% -1.5%, 0.5 kg of fresh fish protein content of 70-80 grams of protein a day is equivalent to a requirements.
Eel
Eel
Hunan is rich in eels, especially in the waters of Dongting more. Every spring water flooding, parts of the lake, pond, ditch, Hong Kong and the hiding of the eel in the paddy fields by the flood washed out, drift, runoff into the Dongting. To the Yuan, Xiang the Hukou, eel bound for the turbulent flow, often thousands of tangled into a group, at the vortex roll, fishermen net in order to be benefiting disproportionately, a retrospective. Xiang eat eel past, but also pay attention to this period of time, especially the people of Changsha, Dragon Boat Festival is over, it will not stick blindly. The reasons are: Dragon Boat Festival will be eel "Long Hair" and can not eat. Eel or slippery and difficult to capture because, quite slick dissolute of interest and there is "no scales son," the alias. In fact, Dragon Boat Festival was eel with subject as "son" had at best "the young woman." Because all the young eels are all female, the body has ovaries, mature eggs after spawning gonads after in vivo changes in the ovaries into the testis to produce sperm, so all the male adult eel. This "sex reversal" Dragon Boat Festival in the physiological processes normally start, because the male role of gonadotropin, followed by eel skin becomes rough, the Changsha-called "Long Hair." Now the reason why the sale of the eel is not long-haired, because the artificial feeding of the feed mixed with estrogen, to control their sexual reversal. This is extremely detrimental to human estrogen, when the Shensi.
River snail
Snail
Hunan is rich in water, for food has square edges screw ring, pear ring edge spiral, Bellamya aeruginosa three, is not only delicious and rich in calcium and animal protein, called the benefit of the product. Today, City restaurants to eat snails are among Guangdong in imitation of "Suo Lo" one law, in fact, Hunan eat fried sauerkraut, such as the snail farm, snail fried tempeh chili, ginger basil fried snails, etc., have special flavor and sui generis. More a "coke Ma snail" for the old well-known tapas restaurant, and "bacon steamed snail", is not only a fine is Ximian's dishes, and for the preparation of the odd taste of Hunan alone.
Mussel
Giant salamander
Commonly known as the giant salamander, our precious specialty, is the main producing provinces of Hunan. Qing "Hunan Annals" contains: "There's more than Ani giant salamander, a short form, and its sound, such as children cry, made every landscape, the spurs on, natives of Jane's." Giant salamander is Amphibia Caudata salamander gills hidden Division, takes the shape of flat tube-shaped, broad head and mouth, thick trunk, limbs, fat and stubby, generally one meter in length, large up to 2 meters; weight often from 1 to 5 kg up to 100 kg. Its strong vitality, live a long time away from the water up more than a month, Caesarean section to an hour after the internal organs can still crawling, stocking food in water for 2 to 3 years of interruption will not starve to death, and can maintain body weight. Skin smooth, without scales, soft and moist, by external stimulation can secrete a white mucus, emitting smells like pepper, it has "pepper the fish," said. Quite special, the giant salamander two age following herbivore, two more than the old into a carnivorous, no dip vegetarian, nocturnal, belligerent, fighting one another fairly frequently between similar swallowed. The delicate white and tender meat such as tofu, taste very delicious, always for the gallery of Jane. Today, giant salamander has been included in the national second-class protected animals, prohibited fishing. But Sangzhi, etc. have been carried in captivity and return to the table is not distant.
Changsha turtle
Junshan beetles
Dongting dried sea
Xiangjiang River Red Fish song
Ming Gao Lian relegated to "Zunsheng 8 笺" in "Huguang preserved fish Law" section, first introduced Hunan pickled fish when mixed with red yeast. Ming and Qing dynasties, Hunan, Hubei province in the same jurisdiction, "Huguang" Gao Ming Dynasty (1573-1619) years, particularly in areas in the title is obvious that there are only two lakes of the preserved fish laws. But the red yeast rice for preserved fish, but only in the late Qing Dynasty before the Western region, and the Miao, Tujia-based, the Qing dynasty (1875-1908) "Yongding local" records Zhangjiajie area preserved fish this fish: "Every winter months by the Li River downstream purchases for preserved fish, salt, alum salt reservoir, into the red yeast that the redfish ... .... "One reason, and war related. Ming Chang Hsien-chung in the chaos, for example, according to count six odd "that a little south quarter" _set_, the spring of 1644, Zhang led his troops into Hunan attacks, "then do the residents of vessels Hunan Abduction from Yiling (Yuanjiang) Sichuan pull the boat." Resulting in the Lake region uninhabited, and captivity of the people "lack of food in the boat, hungry half dead." Following the heel then, more into the Xiang Qing massacre, a technology which lost for preserved fish. This skill can be preserved in the Western, because that is where the terrain and obstacles, survived the disaster Bingxian. To the early 20th century, Lake Changde, Yuanjiang and other fishing areas along the lines of production, distribution, Changsha, Xiangtan, Wuhan and other places, the law preserved fish was able to spread.
Fire roasted fish, shrimp |
mutton