Echinodermata Introduction Pinyin: jí pí dònɡ wù mén Echinoderms door is a door of the animal kingdom, including some ancient marine animals. The door appears from the Cambrian, a total of more than 20,000 species. Existing more than 7000 kinds divided into six classes. Echinoderms are deuterostomes. Their gastrulation hole formed anus, and the mouth is formed later. They have a special five-step tube body symmetry structure. Since echinoderms and chordates embryogenesis way as they may seem primitive, but is actually including human chordate next of kin. Newborn echinoderms are bilaterally symmetrical. During the growth, the left and right of the narrow increased until the right is completely absorbed, and then grow into this side fivefold radial symmetrical shape. Echinoderms Classification Echinacea door: includes seven classes: Sea rotary plate Gang Haizuoxinggang Pelamis letter Gang Sea futon Gang Starfish sac Gang Holothuroidea Sea urchin Gang Haibian Goa door: includes three classes. Sea pile Gang Sea pen Gang Sea Dart Gang Crinoids Amon: includes eight classes. Gang eocrinoids Sea Ringo Gang Gang intends crinoids Mat Hailei Gang Gang intends Hailei Hailei Gang Scales sea Ringo Gang Crinoids Gang Starfish Amon: Includes an outline. Starfish Gang
Translated by Google
Echinodermata Introduction
Pinyin: jí pí dònɡ wù mén Echinoderms door is a door of the animal kingdom, including some ancient marine animals. The door appears from the Cambrian, a total of more than 20,000 species. There are five known extant echinoderms are 6,413 kinds of classes 1242, 2013 fossil echinoderms are 14,328 kinds Gang 21. Look very different, there is a star, spherical, cylindrical and flower shape. Release of radiation into the body of five symmetrical arrangement manifested by the tube feet. Or inter-step with the body distinguishing tube foot and spoke with the Ministry or step foot between ductless spoke department. Internal organs, including the plumbing system, nervous system, blood system and the reproductive system are radially symmetrical, except that only the digestive tract. Body orofacial and anti orofacial points. Echinoderms are deuterostomes. Their gastrulation hole formed anus, and the mouth is formed later. They have a special five-step tube body symmetry structure. Since echinoderms and chordates embryogenesis way as they may seem primitive, but is actually including human chordate next of kin. Newborn echinoderms are bilaterally symmetrical. During the growth, the left and right of the narrow increased until the right is completely absorbed, and then grow into this side fivefold radial symmetrical shape.
Translated by Google
The main feature of the door
1 adult radial symmetry, symmetrical on both sides of the larvae. 2 body surface spines, with the bones of mesoderm formation. There are two kinds of spines: Within (1) spine bones protruding outward like protrusion formation. (2) muscle meat quality conical spines. 3 true body cavity developed, with special plumbing system. Echinoderms true body cavity developed, including: Wai dirty chamber: a chamber around the internal organs. Circuit blood system: around the circulatory system of the lumen. Plumbing system: the formation of tube feet, consisting of echinoderm moving organs, and both respiration. Structure of the plumbing system: sieve - Stone Pipe - Central plumbing - spoke plumbing (5) - Side pipes - pipe and tube feet foot sac
Translated by Google
Echinoderms Classification
Echinacea door: includes seven classes: Sea rotary plate Gang Haizuoxinggang Pelamis letter Gang Sea futon Gang Starfish sac Gang Holothuroidea Sea urchin Gang Haibian Goa door: includes three classes. Sea pile Gang Sea pen Gang Sea Dart Gang Crinoids Amon: includes eight classes. Gang eocrinoids Sea Ringo Gang Gang intends crinoids Mat Hailei Gang Gang intends Hailei Hailei Gang Scales sea Ringo Gang Crinoids Gang Starfish Amon: Includes an outline. Starfish Gang
Translated by Google
Science knowledge
Echinodermata (Echinodermata) adult radial symmetry, with spines and tube feet invertebrates. Including starfish, sea urchins, sea cucumbers, brittle stars, sea lilies and so on. All seafood, except for a few floats, the most sluggish of benthic species, a few sessile life. Body without head, tail of the points, and only the difference between the surface and back on the mouth side. The body of a porous plate portion often small plates, called sieve, water plumbing system and out of the premises. True body cavity is developed, forming a part of the unique plumbing system (also known as step pipe system). Tube foot predation, feeling, respiratory, excretory functions. Fossil echinoderms many extant species belonging to five classes: crinoids Gang (Crinoidea) is one of the most primitive kind. Narrow range, such as the Chinese sea fern (Oligometra chinensis). Gang Starfish (Asteroidea), such as Roche starfish (Asterias rollestoni), Swallow (Asterina pecfinifera), trim starfish (Craspidaster hesperus) and so on. Tail Gang (Ophiuroidea). Such as Japan tail (Ophioplocus japonucus), Sabouraud tail (Ophiura sarsii), baskets tail (Gorgonocephalus) and so on. Gang urchins (Echinoidea), such as sea urchin (Hemicentrotus pulcherrimus), heart-shaped sea urchins (Echinocardium cordatum) and so on. Holothuroidea (Holothuroidea), such as sea cucumber (Stichopus japonicus), sea flower ginseng (Thelenota ananas) and so on. The maximum value of the edible sea cucumber, sea cucumber especially important. Eggs and edible sea urchin gonads, after processing is regarded as the top grade. Many brittle stars, sea urchins, sea cucumbers, etc. can be used as some fish bait. Some places also use starfish and other crops as fertilizer. Because eating starfish and other bivalves mollusks, oysters damage, shell dishes. Sea urchins feed mainly on algae harm kelp, wakame, unfavorable for the development of aquaculture.
Translated by Google
Echinodermata (fossil)
jipi dongwu men (huashi) Echinodermata (fossil) Echinoderms are marine invertebrates, with its complex plumbing system, developed bone plate (except for sea cucumbers), five radial symmetry of the body and watch all kinds of leather spines and distinguish it from other animal phyla. Including a large number of shapes extinct species. Echinoderm fossils very much, and some types of numbers are many. Currently there are five known extant echinoderms are 6,413 kinds of classes 1242, 2013 Gang fossil echinoderms are 14,328 kinds of 21 (see Table echinoderm classes each genus, the number of species comparison table). Classification Echinoderms has its way of life is divided into sub-sessile stalked or sessile or walk door and Amon. The former includes crinoids and extinct sea Gang Gang Ringo, Hailei Gang, Sea Star Tower Gang; latter includes Gang urchins, sea cucumbers and starfish Gang subclass. With increasing depth research on echinoderms, found a lot of new fossil species. While recognizing that life can not be the basis for classification. Recently, the growth of the plumbing system in accordance with the characteristics of echinoderm echinoderms into the sea urchins, Haibian fruit, crinoids, starfish Amon 4 9 21 classes subclass. Crinoids Amon lanes five radial symmetry, most with calyx, stem and wrist, surrounded by a series of bony plates Calyx Department mostly spherical, conical or cylindrical, with wrist together constitute the crown, its mouth hole up. Usually sessile or planktonic life. A total of about 1200 species, living in the early Cambrian (about 600 million years ago) - Modern, except crinoids Gang, but were in the Paleozoic (6 to 2.8 million years ago) has extinction. Gang crinoid calyx begin with, stems and wrist, calyx Ministry alternating from 20 ~ 500 bone plates, mouth hole located on the mouth plate with anal hole, water holes and genital pore. Early Cambrian - Early Silurian, 32 genera, produced in Europe, North America, North Africa, Siberia. Sea Ringo Gang with calyx and wrist, with or without stems, calyx Department asymmetric arrangement of 13 ~ 200 bone plates, plates with plate hole calyx, forming a complex series of holes ditch, ditch holes scattered throughout the calyx is double hole mesh (Diploporita), assembled in a special area of the hole hole Ling Ling mesh (Rhombifera). Central hole is located ventral mouth, anal orifice plate located on the mouth side covered with anal plate, covered with a water hole sieve. Early Ordovician - Late Devonian, 102 genera, produced in North America, Europe and Asia. Its fruit shaped like Ringo (Northern said Shaguo South called bonus) named. Gang crinoid calyx proposed by the Ministry of ellipsoidal 30 to 175 of bony plates, arranged irregularly. Bilaterally symmetrical. With stems 2 to 4 and wrist, the wrist can be bifurcated. Middle Devonian, 15 genera, produced in North America, the Soviet Estonia. Mat Hailei Gang inverted pear-shaped calyx, there is no wrist stem, calyx department rules by the 20 bony plates arranged in the floor, spokes, triangle and mouth plate four laps. There triangle shape between the spokes under uncertain position, there are other large double-row cover regularly arranged step-like band. Middle Ordovician, a genus produced in North America. Intends Hailei Gang was pear-shaped calyx with stems, have carpal feathers, calyx plates and more; in addition to anti-orofacial outside bottom of each 5, spokes, there are five pairs of wrist wrists board and many boards in orofacial There are petal-like panels and inter-step with each five spokes. Step band is covered by the cover. Early and Middle Ordovician, 3 genera, produced in North America and the Soviet Union, Estonia. Hailei Gang pear-shaped or bell-shaped calyx, most have stems, with wrist feather, does not extend into the body cavity wrist feather inside. Bottom three, five spokes, spokes forked between embedding step with fork. Between spokes small triangle. Silurian-Permian, 95 genera worldwide distribution. Gang calyx scales sea Ringo Ministry inverted cone, stemless, with a double row of wrist, with a large number of small bone plate was imbricated arrangement, orofacial bone plate with slit holes, anal cone surface located at the edge of the mouth. Early Cambrian, a genus found in North America. Gang crinoid calyx Department coronal, there stems, with the wrist, a ring-shaped calyx Ministry ordered the bone plate, the base plate by a bicyclic crinoids, only the sea floor by a single lily, on as spokes, spoke There are inter-webs between the plates. Wrist showed a plume can be forked or branched, extension of the wrist is the body cavity. Crinoid stems by a series of calcareous stem-loop connection is made, a stem-loop section cylindrical, oval or polygonal central circular, pentagonal, square and other stem hole. Into its next free crinoids (Inadunata), can be curved crinoids (Flexibilia), dome crinoids (Cameratal), joint crinoids (Articulata) 4 sub-classes, the first three limited Paleozoic, which appeared in the Triassic discipline and continues to this day, some of which evolved into stemless species. Middle Cambrian - Modern, 1009 genera, worldwide distribution. Haibian Goa multi dorsal-ventral portion of the door calyx flat, irregular shape, with a length ranging from stem tail, and more conflict with wrist or wrist. Not presented five radial symmetry,
Crinoidea