[Puppet show] The story with puppets to perform the drama. Performances, the actors behind the scenes side of the puppet, while singing, accompanied by music. Puppet manipulation techniques based on different forms and has hand puppets, puppetry, Rod Puppet, wire puppets. Puppet show behind the scenes by the wooden puppet actors perform in drama form. In ancient China, also known as a puppet show. Chinese puppetry has a long history, the three countries even when there may be acrobatics, Sui dolls show is the story began. 【Status】 After the founding of the People's Republic, more colorful puppet show performances. In addition to performing traditional opera programs, but also performing drama, musicals, dramas and even starred in advertisements. At the same time, puppet shows and also facing fierce competition from other art forms. The traditional puppet bears all over, of all peoples, moral and aesthetic sense, and should be supported and protected.
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Type
Puppets and actors based on the structure of their ways of handling differences, can be divided into different categories. Marionette puppet important in joints such as the head, back, abdomen, arms, hands, toes, etc., all decorated with silk thread, pull the thread to manipulate the puppet cast of the action, also known as the pairs of lines or line play, also called puppet hanging wire. Care stick puppet, also known as Rod Puppet, puppet head and hands in the position of the tube with joystick, head of the main bar, his hands to the side bar, left hand holding the main actors manipulate the lever, right hand side of the bar, and raised its puppet manipulation action. Glove puppet, also known as Puppets, puppet shows, etc., dolls, or 0.40 meters 0.27 meters tall, hollow head, neck cloth inside the bag put together under the suture limbs, outside the clothes, the actor's hand reach into the bag as a cloth doll trunk , fingers were propped up around the head and arm, manipulate the dolls for the coordination of various actions, even one struck the other hand feet available, or any of their natural swing.
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China Puppet Art Modeling
Puppet "actors" is twofold, really performed in public as "puppets", puppet carved by people drawn to shape both the dramatic role, but also a human drama of manipulation. The trajectory of the Chinese puppet plastic arts, generally in three phases: ⑴ three birds painted stage seven. Head-shaped sculpture by the artist first, then draw faces and to distinguish between the characters, mainly by drawing the face shape. ⑵ combination of carved and painted stage. Modeling, sculpture, painting and try, emphasis on creativity and skill of the emergence of dual head professional artists and workshops. Ming and Qing Dynasties are the two previous stages. ⑶ plasticity and arbitrary phase. Modern and contemporary style puppet artist, full use of modern technology products, according to the needs of dramatic content and the time aesthetic tendency, design, production puppets to make more exaggerated, more features puppetry arts, not only out of pure drama of the tradition, but also with their different artistic pursuit, constitute the gorgeous scene of the puppet shape the world. This is the art of puppetry style era of unprecedented prosperity.
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History of the Chinese puppet clock tick Shen
China Puppet Art, also called puppet show, is thriving in China Art Gallery in the wonderful work. A long history of long, wide variety, superb. Art is for the puppet show with puppet media. Puppets are about? Remain uncertain. Anyang slaves unearthed pottery figurines (the Shang dynasty, early 16th century date before the 11th century), the Spring and Autumn Warring States Period (770 dates before the 221) with wooden figurines (including parts of "Le figurines"). Western Han Mawangdui figurines unearthed the music, dancing figurines, technology, type and shape than the former standard of great progress there. This is the first puppet, it has undergone a process to show the change process: from the rituals and festive entertainment has become a way. In 1979, Shandong Lacey Township, County, Dai-Shu village courtyard excavated a large puppet 193 cm high, body composition by the 13 wooden, movable joints, sit, stand, kneel Kim Shin. It found that one puppet shows and entertaining people from the funeral transition; addition that has been reached with the real puppet production goes, activities with ease the situation, which laid the seeds for the puppet show a solid material foundation. Thus most people believe that China Puppet Art "from figurines" (serve wood figurines, wood figurines music, song and dance movable wooden figurines.) Northern Qi Dynasty, Chinese puppet shows and drama is always accompanied by sister art, performance gradually form and content rich. Sui Dynasty (AD 581--618 years) "Hundred Play" in the many "water features", "authority Muren" paraded across more than myths, legends, three stories, characters quite all, of the puppet making and performance have a direct impact. Unfortunately, few written records. Tang (618 - 896) cultural prosperity exception, dance drama, army play contests, and wooden men can drink organ blow Sheng singing, acting and production has reached perfect unity. According to the Tibetan Dunhuang Mogao Cave 31 murals and poetry Tang concluded, by a wire, Rod, bags, "dish bell puppet" and other puppet types, this time Jieyou. Yuan Dynasty (AD 1279 date 1368), dynasty shine, the level of Puppet Art is also impressive. From the only "Zhu excellent play order" to see, Yuan Puppet has "control skills and speech, singing and joy, anger, sadness and joy as vivid performances (4), plays already have a realistic drama content. From the Ming and Qing dynasties, is characterized by the development of puppetry throughout the country, many tribes. Ming Dynasty (AD 1369 date 1644) puppet, Wanli after the boom. The puppet special case of Fujian Sheng, Quanzhou, puppetry, making delicate, complicated operation (an image of the raised lines from up to ten, thirty), and the lively tune, the music rich. Puppets, a territory that is just north and south Fujian, the two factions of the points. Southern Pine is Quanzhou, music, puppetry and Quanzhou structure similar; North State School is Akira, the most famous puppets in Longxi, yellow leather music, line of business is complete. The show, the South long myth, the North good at military show (but then the North has also increased a lot of fantasy camp, birds and animals in action, performing functions can be expanded). "Water puppet" show more stories; Rod Puppet, Guangdong, Fujian, Guizhou and wide epidemic.
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Puppet Stage Design
Puppet Show "with images of people," the show features a puppet stage, the decision function: masking manipulator, separated view, play area, highlight the puppets and attract viewers. Seventies and eighties, since the puppet rapid change, highlight the "duality" has become the focus of the concept of renewal and exploration. Stressed the hypothetical action, breaking the frame structure, removed the occluder, or even out of the puppets on the same stage the stage, put a line of work simultaneously, Rod, bag puppets, and several varieties of "black velvet puppet" of the use of multi- scenic space scheduling, the use of the means of the big stage, without exception, to deepen the independent character of the puppet arts, but also greatly attracted the public's attention. Traditional opera "squirrelfish mind," "Monkey King", "The Moon Lady", modern opera "Hero Little Eight" and the drama "Malan Flower", are a superior for the puppet stage art.
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Puppet structure device
Rod Puppet Throughout China's vast north-south thing. Elevation over a large puppets, ranging from 8-inch high-typical character. Rod puppets manipulated by the performers, a life bar (with head attached) and two hand lever (with the hand-linked) to perform, some for three rods or "even care", according to a hand lever position inside and outside the control of points. Head to wood carvings, built institutions, the mouth, eyes moving; life bar as wood, bamboo, factions long and short different hand lever and the hand, elbow phase. "In control" are more traditional opera repertoire performed, Kuanpao big sleeves, easy to perform opera program, flexible movement and lifelike. "External control" multi-rod bend life skill, and reducing the burden, increased expression; paper even head to the smart, easy to control, authority and diverse, rich in action; due to hands shot out, body shaping freedom, the overall sense of increased breakthrough the limitations of traditional form, even more to people with the needs of the times; hands continually updated materials (wood - plastic - resin), the hand lever gradually replaced by the wire, "playing the feet" is also a "flying swallow", "fauna" and other dance action. This repertoire of development, performance development, and the audience discover great significance. Today, Rod Puppet momentum continues. Muppets Bars puppet Spread in eastern Guangdong, western Fujian, said from the shadow, Chaoshan called "paper shadow play." Even 1 to 1.5 feet high, colorful dump, Paulownia body, paper, wood hand-foot; joystick commonly known as "bars", a main second side of the wire bamboo handle. Performers sit or stand, even after the manipulation, image warping, unique structure. In recent years, increasing the height of the dual body, adjust the stick in place, so there is a new turn. Puppet Also known as "Puppets" to Zhangzhou, Quanzhou height. Even high-Chi Yu, from head, limbs and clothing in the composition. It camphor wood head, authorities control the facial expressions and muscle movements; hand sub-fist, palm, index finger into the neck, middle finger, thumb his hands, agile, accurate and rich, constitute the main body bag puppet; sometimes performers to even a small bamboo stick into the sleeve twist move, enriched the arm movements, and they can rely on their craft, make open fan, locker, sword, fight, jump high windows difficult moves, stunning. Puppets rich repertoire of traditional, modern, myth, fairy tales, many themes, the new process structures and many others. In addition, civil occasional "water puppet," "drug-fat puppet" show, but the flow of cloth, have little effect. "Meat puppet" while the broader flow of cloth, it has a purely folk performing arts.
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Described a classification
Puxian Putian puppet puppet Reporting areas or units: Putian City, Fujian Province, Puxian puppet 1, a brief description of Xinghua Puxian puppet called as a puppet show, commonly known as "Chai Tau Tsai show." It is popular all over the city of Putian Xinghua dialect, is China's ancient and precious kinds of puppet theater. 2 History Central Plains as early as the late Tang war, the people in order to "avoid chaos," Exile to move a lot of Fujian Putian home, nine out of ten immigrants are native of Henan, many of them puppet artist, into noble Po after the wealthy and the ordinary people for entertainment entertainer to make a living, and thus keep the rhythm of ancient Central Plains, legacy and customs. Second century, within the military Xinghua acrobatic puppet shows, drama and Southern Sheng, watch a movie boom high, the Song Dynasty prospered. Liu Chuang Putian poetry home a poem: "Fei Wei children actually laugh, but be a puppet next to the coconut Yu. Fang Gao sitting wantonly than lecturing, suddenly see a puppet to the excellent field. Guo Lang line break things off, but a monkey dressed back to Mu . Yanshi where to go on the shelf, he shed a few false worry? "grand view of evident! During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, Putian Xiuyu, Yellowstone, Hua Ting and the first puppet troupe Xianyou list quite famous. Fifty-year, two counties have a professional Puxian puppet theater groups, people also have more than 40 classes, Putian, Jinjiang County, also participated in the area evolve. Before the end of 1979, Xianyou cover to Fuzhou with puppet show about a month. Qing Dynasty, Pu Xian puppet show also traveled far away to Singapore and other Southeast Asian countries show, popular with expatriates welcome and praise. 3, the heritage value Puxian puppetry as a unique art appeared on the stage, it forged a bond with civil religion. In the towns and villages, Temple, temple, palace, view from the faith caused a variety of folk activities and traditional festivals, where worship, festivals and folklore events have a puppet show performances, please, mainly fewer personnel costs cheaper, small simple both fun and affordable, entertaining and entertain the people of God, welcomed by the masses, and thus the continuous development of the prosperous. Therefore, the history of popular art of puppetry is undoubtedly earlier than the Puxian Opera, has also called puppet to "play brother." 4, Present At present, the rapid development of Puxian puppet troupe, and a female valve line stage performing arts division, also has recording, speakerphone and so on.
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Category described Second
(A) of Quanzhou marionette puppet show Reporting areas or units: Fujian Quanzhou 1, a brief description of Being hailed as "Let the puppet to life" Quanzhou marionette show, the "Skyline" show, also known as "Canada Man" movie, also called "marionettes", also known as line of play. "Skyline", "Canadian Man", which means Kerry will be a grand funeral in the wedding gift. Quanzhou every civil marriage, birthday, baby birthday, new house foundation on the beam or the completion of buildings, temple events, thank Heaven willing to pay, must be performed puppet show to show gift. Therefore, since ancient times in Quanzhou puppet show called the "Skyline" show, "added Li" play. 2 History According to legend, the late Tang King trial king known to Fujian, the Dajian palace homes, many celebrities hire students from the Central Plains, and bring a puppet theater, placed the palace for entertainment, along with incoming Quanzhou puppet theater, the "Skyline Play "a character asks a Plains tone. The Song Dynasty, "Skyline Opera" has been widely circulated in the Quanzhou people. Ming Dynasty, Quanzhou puppet theater, and further combined with the civil ceremony, get a larger development. Ting-Ming Quanzhou puppet machine worked together essays: "instant Quchi thousands of miles away, a night in the ancient and modern business." It is obvious that the puppet plays rich, wide range of topics, with the performance of vertical and horizontal miles, inclusive ancient skill. To the Qing Dynasty Emperor Qianlong and Jiaqing, Quanzhou, "Skyline" show has been very mature, is out of clips, acrobatic performances, "get a puppet," the form of a standardized script system, to play large-scale and delicate and complex history of play. Although the image is only 36 fixed, but the line of business is sub-sheng, dan, North, miscellaneous four categories, you can play 42 drama, such as traditional even _set_s the "save the project with the mother" can be played seven days and nights. Qing Dynasty, Quanzhou, a puppet troupe with more than 50 urban and rural areas all over. Quanzhou Dongyue, Temple, Yuan Miao Guan, Temple and other "big four Temple", has fixed the troupe performed for the special prayer day of thanksgiving. Known as "Skyline genius," Lin Cheng Chi Yang eyebrows have been created with the literati, "said Yue," "Water Margin" and with a play, thus bringing the puppets only service weddings prolapse circle. Cheng Chi Lin, Zhang and others groaning, but also to create and improve a lot of performing arts skills such as sword, _insert_ the sword, get the snake, umbrella dance, weaving, get cymbals, greatly enriched the marionette theater of performing arts. Thousands of years, Quanzhou, Quanzhou, and even the Taiwanese puppet not only become an integral part of language area an important part of folklore, and its unique skills and superb performance as the general public, and even the literati literati tastes, and loved by the folk opera art. 3, art features Transmission and accumulation over thousands of years without interruption, Quanzhou puppet theater has saved seven hundred out of the traditional repertoire and singing tunes by the third branch consisting of hundreds of unique musical drama "puppet transfer" (including "pressure foot drum," "gong gong" and other musical instruments and the corresponding playing techniques), and formed a _set_ of sophisticated operating line of martial arts mature "traditional basic wire" and the exquisite dual head sculpture, idol plastic art and production process. Quanzhou puppet theater in the traditional repertoire, save a large number of civil weddings in Quanzhou area of ancient and folk beliefs and customs of the content. Save the "Old Hokkien" and the Minnan dialect slang words, vocabulary, the ancient pronunciation. And also save a lot of Tunes repertoire, music, drama methods, forms and other valuable performance data. Thus, the "Taiwanese Culture", "Minnan Dialect Study" and "Tunes learning" and so on, with the value of multidisciplinary research, has attracted wide attention from foreign experts and scholars. 4, the heritage value The Quanzhou and Taiwan and Southeast Asia special geographical, historical, cultural and other relations, Quanzhou puppet theater in the seventeenth century began to Taiwan and Southeast Asian colony streaming, and take root and flourish in the local. For the dissemination of Taiwanese dialect, culture, and carry national cultural heritage, communication across the Taiwan Strait compatriots and compatriots feelings of Southeast Asian countries and promote cultural identity played an important role as a bridge. (B) Jinjiang bag puppet puppet Reporting areas or units: Jinjiang City, Fujian Province 1, a brief description of Jinjiang bag puppet puppet show that Southern school, means the hands of Quanzhou puppet show, by the spring chamber concert, singing the north is different from the Northern School of Zhangzhou puppet. 2 History After the founding of the People's Republic, the South sent puppet gained a new life. 20th century, 50 years, Jinjiang County recorded more than 200 organizations, mining puppet plays and music Tune. New Era, the South sent puppet theater has been further developed, the main carrier of the hands of puppet theater Jinjiang Group. 50th Over the years, many Beijing performance. To participate in competitions and international puppet theater festival, and access to provincial and national awards reputation. Repertoire "Bailong Gong Master", "Wuli Changhong" won awards, and the Ministry of Culture Award for the ninth Mandarin. 3, Present Southern Pine puppet with eclectic, absorbing characteristics, geographical and cultural characteristics apparent. Its artistic style, line of business division of foot and color detail, puppet head carving Vivid, performing delicate, expressive movement, the majority of the audience. However, due to the impact of the current commodity economy, this traditional art form has been continuously shock, if not to protect, will face extinction crisis. (C) Zhangzhou Puppet theater Puppet Show Reporting areas or units: Zhangzhou City, Fujian Province 1, a brief description of Zhangzhou Puppet show called "King Opera," "refers to the flower show," "Puppet show", one kind of puppet theater. Zhangzhou Puppet show by puppet shows, plays, music, puppet making, costumes, props, scenery and so a combination of a comprehensive art. 2 History Zhangzhou Puppet show more than a thousand years of history, is a rare and excellent art of ancient China, Southern Song Dynasty, flourished in Zhangzhou, the late Ming that spread to Guangdong, Taiwan and some Southeast Asian region. Around since the middle of a large number of the Qing Zhangzhou puppet classes appear professional community to form a number of different schools. The major ones are the "blessings of Spring", "Fusing", "Peony Pavilion" faction, have their own characteristics. The past two years, eight generations has been heritage. 3, art features Zhangzhou Puppet show, which is characterized by direct manipulation of icons with his hand for dramatic performances, so vivid, lifelike, not only can reflect the human drama of the singing, reading, doing, playing, and happy, angry, sad, or happy feelings Some people play hard but also reflect the performance of the action, with superb skills, fine shape, and other unique styles. Bag is a hand puppet manipulated from the bottom up to the palm trunk, as the dolls, the index finger under head, thumb and other three fingers around his arms were propped. Skilled hands of artists can perform two character dolls of varying emotions. Particularly good at martial arts bag puppet depicts scenes and good character. 4, the heritage value From the cultural and historical research, the Taiwan Culture originally one. Its parent, Fujian culture is an important part of the Chinese nation. Taiwan's puppetry is the culture in Taiwan, Fujian and extension of the transplant, through cultural exchanges between Fujian and Taiwan, not only promoted the development of cross-strait puppet arts more deeply the Chinese people along with a pro-Taiwan identity. In promoting the cause of national reunification had a good role and influence. Fujian puppet the same root, which is the development of Evolution Zhangzhou puppet arts, history, heritage and exchange, etc., with high historical research and modern cultural values. (D) a puppet show puppet show in western Liaoning Reporting areas or units: Jinzhou City, Liaoning Province 1, a brief description of Liaoxi Corridor supergraphic like a timeless, the Central Plains culture and the western Liaoning Province in northern Han Chinese culture together. Unique geographical, cultural corridor compound, gave birth to the west of Liaoning own puppet style. 2, art features Puppet art form in Western Liaoning sculpture, painting, structural devices combined with the material to shape the character image. It focuses on the portrayal of their characters, morphology of the performance figures and ideas of their own character, is a manipulation opera performances. Puppet of the plastic arts in western Liaoning and structural evolution of equipment has been long, and gradually developed to the marionette, Rod puppets, hand puppets, bars puppets, rod puppets, body puppets, cartoon dolls, puppets, such as different types of fluorescent . 3, performance characteristics Western Liaoning puppetry performances by actors puppet characters and gives the story. Puppet performance means rich. Both a real imitative art. Is a fictional exaggeration of the art. As a puppet show with the "images of people," the special form, so need to cover up the manipulator, which determines the puppet stage, when there is a special structure. Rod puppets and hand puppets in western Liaoning is the actor performing the puppet above his head, so _set_ a curtain on the stage to block the actors, puppet performers above the curtain, the curtain of the size of the puppets the size of the decision. Conventional curtain with 6-8 m long, 1.6 to 1.7 meters high. , The stage _set_ on the installation of 1.65 meters high on the feet, stage lighting layout _set_tings to be surface light, side light, top light, sky light, etc., and other effects of mobile light-bit. _Set_ting the stage side curtain, along the screen, canopy, curtain, etc., scenic _set_ting Netscape, veil, pushing King, turn King, hanging scene and so on. Composed of a lightweight and flexible stage facilities, multi-purpose structure with a box puppet stage to accommodate a variety of performances of puppet shows, enhance the overall artistic effect. Puppet show in western Liaoning other art multi-long home and abroad, continue to improve and develop the means to stage the various manifestations of art, making it a comprehensive art. Puppet stage using a variety of modern materials, but by 4, representative Puppet Art and Design in western Liaoning, making founder Caida Tian, (Cai Wanrong) 1899 (about) puppet show "The Moon Lady" sculpture "Su San Qi Jie" popular. Montenegro by the western Liaoning Province, Zhang Ding (former president of Central Academy of Arts) design, Caida Tian personally carved "look Niang beach" or "no Nielong", "black wind tunnel", has been highly praised Zhang Ding. Former "Green Art" artists Zhang Guangyu design, Caida Tian carving of the "Pig wife back," "Little Cowherd" and so popular. Unfortunately, these precious masterpiece in the "Cultural Revolution" period burned. Puppet performances in western Liaoning off Jianqing main successors, was born in 1926, the Department of civil society Cremaster puppeteers classes, representative of "Pingdingshan" (or "three strikes Skeleton Demon"). According to legend, the puppet six generations in western Liaoning, has inherited. January 1953 in western Liaoning puppet team members line 23 transfer order instructions from the central Ministry of Culture, went to Beijing, from the establishment of today's China Puppet Art Troupe. Puppet people eager for western Liaoning, in the next few times, facing difficulties, suffering several times, six from five down. Their work a generation after generation of children cultivate the virtues, is the Northeast's rare operas, but also to fill the gaps in Liaoning Province, the art of puppetry. 5 Status Western Liaoning Province and is currently facing a crisis of Puppet Art, the older generation of artists are people who are over the age seventy-eight, and heritage have faced interrupted edge. (E) Shaoyang puppet puppet Declared area or unit: Shaoyang County, Hunan Province 1, a brief description of This is the only existing original puppet of China. Shaoyang people like to affectionately known as Quilt Cover drama, quilt show, because she was all in all, like all include a small stage in the Quilt Cover. A troupe, singing alone package package; a theater to it a Diaodan, flash yo Zoucunchuanhu, how many light. No wonder people called her again play mile pole, and even now the puppet show is derived from her. A piece of earth tones of blue cloth, Hong earth, propped up around a square table to ordinary becomes a wonderful stage. From the bar table to show, not a bag of tobacco in total effort, this stage can appear in front is under the eaves, but also appear in the ferry terminal, and even the ferry in less than three feet wide, she could stand up and miraculously The villagers Coushang a five-game eight-pack, to be to enjoy some. Ask: this world, there is such a kind of intimacy with the audience can play it? Qi puppet theater performances are mostly traditional repertoire and Shaoyang hubs. But folk artists in singing, character asks, if the circumstances, the creatively endowed with more humorous mood. This is the joy of humor and character of the people born with a pulse interlinked. Apart from the heavy labor, they need easy pleasures, puppet shows gave them great satisfaction. 2, the origin of Shaoyang the birthplace of the white Takemura bird puppet Ridge Town is located in Shaoyang County, nine male. According to Liu genealogy records: Yuan and Ming, as to avoid the war, Liu Zu Zongsheng puppet hands are fleeing with family members of public to the bird's nest Ridge _set_tlement, has been six years. Puppet wins the public from the spread "forever" Generation name, a total of 18 generations. 3, performance characteristics Department of Shaoyang puppet mouth and heart. Their performance styles and acting techniques as: an artist a show worried, regardless of opera opera, text of the play military games, students once the net at the end ugly, wind and percussion playing and singing playing, thanks to artists a manual, foot, mouth, tongue and use fingers and flexible scheduling. The main repertoire of "Gods", "Three Kingdoms", "Journey to the West", "Yang Xiao Tiger", to martial arts drama, supernatural drama, burlesque majority. Qi vocal music to the main drama, style, fresh, simple, pure, self-stylist. 4, the heritage value (F) Gaozhou puppetry puppetry Reporting areas or units: City Guangdong Province 1, a brief description of Gaozhou puppetry, also known as "puppet show", "puppet show Aberdeen" is a folk opera, popular works that art. Rod puppets are puppets Gaozhou began in the Ming Dynasty, is the basis of Fujian puppets developed. For centuries, puppet shows widespread Gaozhou Gaozhou village here in the high city 28 town, 23 were in the street puppet troupe. 2, art features Gaozhou the original form of puppetry as a single person puppet show, performances by an artist, _set_ singing, acting, blowing, playing in one. All props puppet show, with a load of boxes can be fitted under the puppet. Holidays, or slack, the puppeteers will face it with the puppet box, go from village to Lane, the use of open space or a hut in the village hall of the house, placed a square table, you can _set_ up a puppet show stage. Rod Puppet Gaozhou puppet to the main, additional hand puppets. Puppet very delicate shape, its wood with a tough molding process, the use of deformation exaggeration, for painting, decorating, so Vivid, lifelike. Puppeteers not only make puppet head, arm, elbow, wrist, waist and legs that stretch song and flexible and comfortable, but also make it eyes, mouth vivid Zhang together. Performance, order the opening and closing of the puppet fan, clothing, hats, pour wine, take the book, write, open bow archery action, every move and accurate nature. Moreover, the operation of puppets, singing dialogue, a full _set_ of drums beating the performing arts, done by an artist. Operating skills of skilled artists, folk art and bright vocals, passionate percussion clicks, it amazed everyone. Late development of the middle shift. Gaozhou puppet show there is no fixed venue, just take a small piece of open space to be performed; in time, performing all the year round, but spring height, the Lantern Festival, the annual festival of the cases, and God performed a puppet show entertainment and entertain the people. 3, performance characteristics 4, Present Gaozhou puppet show are now facing a crisis of survival and the risk of lost. Social transformation, a strong economic impact, cultural diversity, youth entertainment orientation changes, the sharp decline in the audience to survive a crisis Gaozhou puppet, puppet arts Houjifaren, some well-known puppeteers do not want to inherit the mantle of future generations, the community is also difficult to find people heritage, puppet shows are indeed facing Gaozhou extinction risk. (G) bars Chaozhou puppet show puppet show Reporting areas or units: Chaozhou City, Guangdong Province 1, a brief description of Chaozhou bars puppetry, shadow play called Paper. Rod Puppet is a kind of smaller size, its main feature is this manipulation of the puppet show by the three bars, the main pole placed in the middle of the back of dolls, pole points placed around the side arms, behind the scenes by the artist. 2 History Chaozhou bars puppet by the Southern Song Dynasty shadow passed over the Central Plains immigration evolved. The development process is experienced by the flat silhouette gradually "Yang window paper Shadow" (plane), "Shadow of paper round the body" (D) and a puppet now, so the manipulation of the characteristics remain shadow puppets called the bars. Qing Dynasty, the visual appreciation of the audience to meet the needs of artists to the stage covered with white paper gradually removed the idols from the plane to circle the body, so the "bundle of grass for the body, rolling paper to hand, cut wood for the feet, plastic clay for the first ", at the time called the" Round Body Paper Shadows. " After continuous practice by the artist, and gradually form idol stage performances. 3, the production process Even bars puppet head is molded with red mud. Dried baked stereotypes. Then coated with waterproof paint, in accordance with the different roles of various characters as painted faces and performances of different dress to wear to the opera became one vivid characters. 4, the performance characteristics of 5 Status As people enjoy the art of fashion change, the performance market shrinking; puppet classes are mostly farming and art, is a loose form of amateur art groups, the research on the puppet show has a difficult inheritance, particularly those facing highly difficult performance skills lost, must take effective measures to protect heritage. (H) temporary high puppet show puppet show Reporting areas or units: Lingao County of Hainan Province 1, a brief description of Pro is the subject of high puppet show unique to Hainan, the world's rare rare operas. Mainly popular in the north-west of Hainan Island and the surrounding Lingao County of Haikou City, Chengmai County, Danzhou other cities and counties in the temporary high, then the township speak, is a treasure of the Chinese intangible cultural heritage. 2, the origin of According to legend, the old artist, puppet show from the temporary high end of the Southern Song Dynasty. By our ancestors pray Lingao when evil spirits, are the employer-based Rod Puppet. Continuation of seventeen years, according to dynasty, "The High County," says: "Pro and more popular Shinto belief, doctors do not believe in medicine. Each case in the section, side wood at the shoulder, singing Witch A to show men and women." Artists through after transformation, moving on stage, later than had been formed between the Qing Emperor Kangxi. Lingao County eighties and into the old artist Chen has devoted seven generations in 1979, the 10 old puppet collection, including four head inscribed with "Emperor Kangxi" era of the sign. Emperor Wu had four long years, Cao Gong, Wang Xiang hair, FEDERATION shelf dolls and other 30 social classes. 3, performance characteristics Lingao dolls loved by the people play an important local cultural carrier, has a unique performing arts, the main characteristic is that no cloth hanging scroll stage, the actors disguised hand puppet stage engine, the same people and even play a role on stage, people puppet performances to make up for feelings of inadequacy. Puppet theater in general performances, the stage surrounded by a cloth around the audience only see the puppets do not see an actor. The puppet show is high clinical dolls together to play a role, the stage with no curtain cloth, and other actors in order to supplement their own emotions and lack of expression of the puppet. Puppet cross performance, since ancient times, a separate faction, and has become rare operas Puppet Art Gallery. To come from local folk tune "Aloha" and the tone from the priest, "Long sigh" as a major singing, incredible, strong local characteristics. Master dramatist Tian Han Lingao County in 1962 to inspect the work, watch the puppet show performances, the praise puppet opera as "rare species, unique, agile performance, singing sweet," and poetry goes: "a few coconut Woodside Song Qu, Wen-Lan river graceful new wave, Liu Sanmei here also, sing the high production of more than temporary. "puppet show many old traditional repertoire, also performed after the liberation of creative historical drama and modern drama. 4, the heritage value 1981-1993 High Pro has 2 dolls Beijing opera performances have all been well received, was awarded the Outstanding Performance Award and the Outstanding Music Award. The "Flower Fairy" was broadcast by CCTV recording, "People's Daily", "National Illustrated," "Puppet News" Review and other media topics. Puppet theater has outstanding historical, cultural and social values, with a strong mass base and the characteristics of transmission from generation to generation. But in recent years, the popular song and dance by the fashion and entertainment diversity of the impact, puppet theater has fallen into the plight of endangered Houjifaren in urgent need of rescue protection. (I) north of Sichuan Puppet Show Puppet Show Reporting areas or units: Sichuan 1, a brief description of River North puppet puppet operas in the world rare. The dual height large, exactly like a real person, features Smart, flexible limbs, and can basically complete all the actions of people can accomplish, but also people can not be completed to complete some other action. By the Soviet Union the world's leading puppet artists O'Brien Raz Niyazov hailed as the world's rare puppet art "crown of Chinese Art." (See "Puppet On") 2, the origin of River North puppet said the origin of the two. One is Early immigrants to Hubei and Hunan; one is the remains of ancient art and culture puppet. (See "Lie Zi o Tom asked," "Zhang Lu Chuan") that the two statements are a result of Puppet Art has always been the rulers considered fluff, but unknown to the lack of strong historical evidence. But the present head left in the old puppet "Xianfeng five years" the words should not be less than 200 dates back 300 years. Qing Dynasty, had been widely spread in the northern region of Sichuan, to the 20th century, 40 years to exist only in Yilong County, Nanchong City, Sichuan saddle by "Fortune classes", and now by the Sichuan Provincial People's Government, Nanchong City People's Government multi-party support, the establishment of a "Sichuan Huge Puppet Theatre", and moved to Nanchong City, Sichuan and Peking University in Sichuan Province, the only remaining large puppets to the puppet theater was. 3, art features Large even about 1.4 meters and weighing about 5 kilograms, but expressive, flexible movement, according to the story requirements, clothing, ignition, tea, Koushou, brandish, as tall as a real person, and more with the "puppet" ( children play) on the same stage, the formation of the real ones, Yizhenyijia art features. This is represented in the repertoire, "Pirates of immortality," "Jade Lotus" have the perfect embodiment. Big Puppet from generation to generation, third generation of Li Si Yuan Li, a comprehensive skills, especially good scandal, style, rough but delicate, full of charm and many special effects. "Kneeling doors eat" the lost hat in the Xu Jia, chaotic beard, rub shoulders, shaking gowns and a series of actions to frighten accurately depicts the inner character. Ding Jianping, Qin Yinglan other younger, also accomplished Mi deep, their interpretation of the "White Snake", "Mermaid," "Eight Immortals", "Jade Lotus", the extraordinary art, much of world attention. River North puppet puppet tradition of the oldest art, its characteristics and its own performance, can Glimpse the wonderful ancient art of puppetry, especially its uniqueness, but also to the protection of River North puppets and heritage, precious with high value. (X) puppet show puppet show Shiqian Reporting unit or area: Shiqian County of Guizhou Province 1, a brief description of Shiqian puppetry is popular in various ethnic groups in Guizhou Province Shiqian a folk puppet operas. Peak performance range of radiation to the county and the surrounding parts of Hunan, Hubei, Chongqing, Guizhou and other provinces in the border region of the nation. 2 History Shiqian puppet show beyond its ancestor can be traced back to Han's "carved wood portrait" of the "puppet" for the Song and Yuan Dynasties Rod puppet remains. According to oral information, about 200 years ago, since the introduction of Hunan Chenxi, has been the 7th generation descendant. Four or five years to the 20th century, the heyday of development, there Taihong Shiqian, peaceful, prosperous and other five very famous puppet troupes, cultural centers in the county year round performance or countryside tour booking performances, and are very popular. At least sixty-seven class people to more than a dozen others. During the Cultural Revolution, puppetry has been labeled the "four olds", puppet props most of the burned. After the Third Plenary Session, Shiqian actively rescue folk art, cultural centers, in conjunction with the county in 1979 earmarked old artist Fu Zhengrong Taihong classes to Hunan Chenxi County reproduce puppet head, face 24, to make puppet costumes, Guiyang and other places, some props to spend Town Taihong classes, class artist Tom booming main town and restore the puppet show. 3, art features Puppet play Yijia, crowns, weapons, props are special, very fine elegant. In particular, neatly dressed, bright costumes favored puppet troupe. And the play and especially the generals, Wu Dan brilliant. Or at the light armor helmets, long beard noodles, Beicha "Flying Tiger flag," grace; or Coronet, Xia Pei, Zhi Wei Gao Qiao, gorgeously dressed. Cool neat addition puppet action, superb fighting action, which largely determines the performance history of Rod Puppet good farce, martial arts drama. 4, the performance characteristics of Are Xiangju Shiqian puppet operas, singing is Xiangju "Chen River chamber." Performing repertoire by singing classified as "pitched" and "peace bomb" in two parts. "Pitched" to suona accompaniment, Tune of "Han", "Little Chinese", "Shan Poyang," "Red satisfied that jacket," "Resident Yunfei," a dozen, suitable for performing "military drama"; "pitched drama" repertoire of "a five-Off", "Old Town", "Nine Dragons" and nearly 30 species. Troupe are mainly distributed in Huaqiao, North Tower, Wan An, Yanming, Gan River and other villages, each troupe varies seventy-eight people to more than ten people, all male performers, members of the multi-class teacher of the apprentice system and nephews. Class teacher with a full _set_ of "wardrobe." Including the puppet head, face, clothes, props, musical instruments, tent and so on. 5, heritage value Shiqian puppet show is rich in cultural values, the unique ethnic, regional, and diversity of social functions, and its value lies in: (1), Rod puppet of the ancient remains of the Eastern Area of Guizhou; (2), of eastern Guizhou region is one example of cultural exchange; (3), is the study of East Guizhou dialect used in the folk drama in the living example; (4), and Gao Qiang, flat bombs instructive significance of Communication Studies; (5), has a rich and unique ethnic cultural values of the plastic arts and costumes; (6), puppet show by the performers Shiqian, figure, occasion, customs and other aspects of research, contribute to the development of puppetry arts; (7), the puppet theater Shiqian dissemination of research projects in the private sector, contribute to our modern way of education in ethnic minority community; (8), which contains a wealth of religious philosophy is the study of folk psychology of religion constitute another important path. 6, the status quo Currently, Shiqian puppet lost the original audiences. The old artists have passed away, leaving only three oldest old elderly, successors, Shiqian puppet show based on the human resources of the imminent demise. Accompaniment of musical instruments, head, damage to costumes, drama, singing, acting not in time order so quickly lost, and all the important issues facing Shiqian puppet. (K) Yang marionette puppet show Reporting areas or units: in Shaanxi Province 1, a brief description of Yang puppet show (also known as "Yang Xian Hu"), located in Weinan of the Yellow Sea, adjacent to the western region of Shanxi, northern China is the sole of the puppet show. People commonly known as "line play", "monkey line" "line Hu" or "opera", the late Ming and early Qing, known as "clearance in eight Goldsmith," one of Li Yang lifts, irrigation (to if) on the line of opera singing, music, drama and puppet production has made great reforms, it tends to be more full of, dramatization. 2, the origin of Line play origin, very old, is now generally considered "from the Han and Xing Yu Tang, Sheng Yu Ming." An paragraph written by the Tang Dynasty Festival, "a puppet child o Yuefu Miscellany" contains: "Zi Xi Chuan says: 'from the Han Zu Ping Cheng as Mao Dun in the circumference, the city side, the wife of Hsiungnu Mao Dun, a strong military power in the three sides. barrier in the hunger strike, Mr Chan's visit to know Hsiungnu jealousy that made puppets, transport in organs, dance in the Pi rooms. Hsiungnu hope, that is a stranger, taking into account the city, the Mao Dun will be satisfied that the prostitute, then retired military '. ... ... After the musicians turn to play. "play the late artist Lei Qingyun Yang Xian together recalls the early years, from generation to generation together play Yang Xian, who has had great merit HW Li. Huns attack on behalf of the country that year, HW trapped city of. River on behalf of the king know (co-yang called as "River"), cable show, told Chen Ping. Chen Ping, a large puppet imitation craftsmen life, life, dance through the night moon, bringing the tower. Wang's wife saw the Huns, Heart jealousy, fear of breaking the city after the king of the Huns is satisfied that the house of Han women, then relented, let go of Kingship. Later, abandoned the country on behalf of Wong Hei. Be forgiven for the co-Yang Hou. Wong Hei brother on behalf of the HW Liu Zhong, according to "all Heyang" carries, Liu Zhong Fang Zhen in this northeastern city of five miles. "New blog Heyang information" contained, Liu Zhong Fang Zhen City in the northeast and Yang Wuli Village. Legend of the artist consistent with the historical record. "The great cause of Supplements": "remember the Yellow Emperor Chi Xu Yan made two wooden men, clothing by Qiluo, decorated with Golden, to use it freely." This co-written with the image of Yang Xian Hu and size puppet show little Second cause. That is the format of performance, Tang Du o "T stag" in the records are also very similar to today: "puppet son, Han Jia will be used, especially in high latitudes good of the Northern Qi Dynasty," "hanging wire and this popular show, that the dolls to holding the end of the drapery on top of their (foreign). "marionettes that the ancient name puppet," drapery "in the United Yang Xian Hu the play called" bright child. " Performances at the bright sub-station behind the artist, hand puppets for children outside of Liang. 3, representative United Yangxian troupe of farming community are performing arts groups, artists busy farming, slack play. Line play in the development process, well-known artists in large numbers. Only modern example, take Guban pregnant with Wang Wuhan, said the play (the stage name "sixty-eight child"), Dujin Hu, Yan-hi prison (red-eye baby), Wang Yurun, Leizhen Nan, Ma East Training (nest of turtle), Xiao ago (ten Third baby), Lee Eun-election (wolf bite children) and so on. They note the situation in the sound, extremely rich, everyone can say that the play fifty or sixty, the most I can say that more than a hundred of this: Although many years have passed away, still talked about by the masses. 4, the performance characteristics of "Said the play" a heavy responsibility, a drama in life, once one lump sum by his play, pay attention to your voice loud, clear. Line of the play style of singing, music tragic desolation, tactful and delicate, and more features with Qin. Zheng children with musical instruments, unique musical instruments and other special sub-cut and distinct features. Wonderful mood traditional repertoire, beautifully written, with high literary style. Line chamber opera singing in the music carried out intermittently, only Zheng child playing rhythm, it sounds attractive. Heyang people read the main puppet show is "listening", so many people turn their backs on the brittle stage, a ears. Yang Xian put together the play line is the main method of performance, even persons on different lines based on role, respectively, ranging from five to twelve, as the case may also increase seventh, eight and even more to the root of more than twenty . Dolls-high 80 - 90 cm, weight 3.5-5 kg. Theater artists through the clever use of lines to mention, call, hook, pick, twist, whirl, flash, shaking and other methods, to give the puppet to artistic life, lifelike movement, but has a strong puppet features. Can be discharged naturally hat, undress, move chairs, waving the pole, single and double flash stunts such as the official wing. 5 Status After the liberation, a number of plays adapted for the stage plays were transplanted, reputation both inside and outside the province. Yang co-head puppet theater is rich in old legends, five hundred of the artist, in 1961 collected from Shaanxi repertoire studio now preserved in more than two hundred of the Art Institute of Shaanxi Province. The drama is currently lack of personnel, the market slump, a direct impact on its further development. How to protect the traditional drama, is currently an extremely important task. (Xii) drugs made Taishun puppet puppet Declared area or unit: Taishun County, Zhejiang Province 1, a brief description of "Drug Development Taishun puppet" is a combination of fireworks and the puppet puppet. Artists will be opera characters, mythological figures and other puppet style mixed in among the discharge of fireworks, fireworks, driven, Flame in the puppet dances in the air, colorful colorful, lifelike. It is often in the temple, worship, folk festivals and other activities in the show. According to the survey research, made puppets Taishun Taishun the rise of medicine has more than 300 years of history. Taishun border in southern Zhejiang, known as "puppets of the town." Taishun drug puppet craftsmen made mainly in Taishun County, Da-an Township, Ya Yang Zhen, etc., performing in the Da-an Township, Ya Yang Zhen, such as the main town of the three Quebec. Fat is a valuable medicine Taishun folk puppet cultural heritage, its value lies in the academic value and appreciate the value of the two. Puppets and puppet hair drug once the water in the country has long been considered lost, but according to research Taishun researchers concluded that the relevant departments, has long been present in Taishun folk "who goes puppet" is the drug made puppets. It has been several hundred years heritage, puppet shows for our study provides valuable evidence. 2, art features After a long-term development, drug-fat puppet has the following basic characteristics: First, the puppets are made with powder combined drug made puppet, is a unique folk art of ornamental value; the second is mainly in the folk medicines made puppets and other folk activities in major festivals in the show, so has the dependence on other folk activities; third is a drug made puppeteers Taishun still using traditional methods refined drugs made puppets of the requisite materials - Glass; Fourth, the contents of both performances, "Journey to the West", etc. all over the country people familiar repertoire, but also popular in some local productions. 3, Present However, due to dilution of many folk, forms of entertainment change and public safety, drugs made puppets living space narrowing, together with its complex process, fine, at this stage has been little new transmission. Drug Development puppet artists have produced an advanced age, this valuable form of traditional drama has reached the verge of extinction position in urgent need of protection. Country attaches great importance to the protection of intangible cultural heritage, May 20, 2006, puppet shows by the State Council approved the inclusion of the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage.
Taiwan a kind of puppet show typical in Taiwan featuring figures of tiny sacks topped with painted heads manipulated with hands and fingers