① training to prepare the younger generation in the whole process of social life, mainly refers to the school for children, adolescents, youth culture process. ② using reason to convince people to shining (rules, instructions or requests, etc.) to do to convince ~.
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jiào yù
Personnel training, dissemination of knowledge work, mainly referring to school education
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No. 3
The development of education
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No. 4
◎ Education jiàoyù
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No. 5
Teaching inspired to understand the reason
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No. 6
Persuasion and education
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No. 7
Teaching training; teaching. "Mencius dedication to": "get the world of excellence and education, three of fun." Song Anonymous "Rulin public discussion" volume are: "This year I built Xuexing good, to respect the scholar's visit, more leather and disadvantages scholars to do it, its education Fang, Qin also Zhiyi. "" Awaken the common saying three Xiaolian to produce legislation Takana ":" Education and I had two brothers, the original monastic him to conduct themselves, fame was pro- . "Shen" Autobiography from the growth of my place ":" to pick up my pen, I wanted to write this off the ground 20 years ... ... that is my life and true suffered life education. "
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No. 8
The basic definition of education Education is a human morality, science, technology, knowledge base, and enhance the spiritual realm of the heritage acts, but also the transmission of human civilization. Interpretation of education Broadly speaking, any increase people's knowledge and skills, influence people's moral character of the activities are educational. Narrow sense of education, mainly refers to school education, its meaning is the educator under certain social (or class) of the requirements, purpose, planned, organized physical and psychological influence on the educated, and training them into a certain society (or class) are required for human activity. Raise the level of education In general, the educational environment can be divided into: family environment, school environment, business environment, personal interest in a loose team environment. The goal of education can be understood as, for personal survival skills from the beginning to pursue national interests, national interests, continuing scientific and human destiny, happy high-tech security for the benefit of mankind, no end! Science education is three-dimensional, it is divided into three levels: school education, family education and social education. School Education: refers to the students IQ (iq) for the purpose of education to improve behavior. Family Education: refers to the emotional intelligence of students (eq) for the purpose of education to improve behavior. Social Education: refers to business students in Germany (mq) for the purpose of education to improve behavior. Three levels interacting with each other, overlap and complement each other to form a complete educational system. Narrow is the textbook materials. A course textbook is the core teaching materials. Education refers to certain social conditions, according to the needs of society, organized, purposeful, planned way the system shall be conducted education and training, develop their physical and mental activities. Education General education refers to all the communication and learning achievements of human civilization - all kinds of knowledge, skills and experience of social life in order to promote individual socialization and social personalized social practice. And the two concepts are usually narrow. Produced in the initial stages of human society. Narrow education specifically refers to school education, that institutionalized education. Introduction Education process begins at birth and continued for life has been widely accepted. Some people even believe that education can be started earlier, some parents let fetus in the womb listening to music and stories, I hope the development of an impact on children. "Education" comes from the Latin educare, meaning "leads." Education has many functions: • Ensure that human beings continue to promote human development functions; • Promote social development functions; • _Select_ functions. Social _select_ion based on level of education personnel. People through education to achieve social status changes. Education With the emergence of human society arising, with the development of social development, and human society were always. The definition of education, understanding of different scholars from various countries. Such as the United States, John Dewey said: "Education is life." Spencer, the UK, said: "Education for life for the future." Zhuang Li of China that "education is forced or guided by educators to accept specific knowledge, rules, information , skills, skills. " The type of education Formal education Social, group or private courses to educate people, usually young people. Comparison of the formal education system integrity. Ideal or the formal education system to impart valuable knowledge, but sometimes abuse. Adult Education Lifelong education or adult education has been very popular in many countries. 'Education' was also seen as something for children, adult education are often branded as 'adult learning' or 'lifelong learning'. Significance of adult education is the role of the adult person the burden of conducting a systematic ongoing learning activities aimed at promoting knowledge, attitudes, values and skills change. <darkenwald & merrian,1982,p.9> the only species of early literacy has been identified to teach people the basic reading, writing and arithmetic skills, activities, and gradually expand to changes in response to the needs of technology to enhance their knowledge and ability for the purpose. Technology Education Provided only for a special training, such as computers College. Technical schools to train personnel in different markets. Technical education to the students the opportunity to choose, it will increase the interest of scholars. History of education Europe In the West, education was the origin of the tremendous impact of religious organizations: Fathers recognized the importance of education to establish school system. In Europe, many universities have a Catholic background first. After the Scottish Reformation created a new National Church of Scotland China Education in China began in the Chinese classical works, not a religious organization. Early Chinese officials appointed by the education management empire, to _select_ed officials of the imperial examinations system was established in the Sui Dynasty, Tang Dynasty, Emperor Taizong improved examination system. Until the late Qing Dynasty in 1905 repealed and replaced by Western education. Japan Japanese education is closely related to the origin and religion. The school is to train to become Buddhist monks want to study young people of the temple. Later, the children will want to learn to "tera-koya" (meaning temple huts), learn how to read and write Japanese. India The institutionalization of education in India has a long history. Recent trends in world education In the past few decades, who have no education in any school the percentage of illiterate population declined. From 36% in 1960 to 25% in 2000. In developing countries, the percentage of illiteracy in 2000 only half of 1970. In developed countries, illiteracy has dropped from 6% to 1%, who have no school education declined from 5% to 2%. Educational Theory * Philosophy of Education * The basic theory of education • Education Law • Education Management • Information Technology Education * Educational Technology, Educational Technology * Educational Technology • Education Economics * Educational Psychology * Sociology of Education • Education Futures * School Health * Comparative Education • Education Statistics • Education and Communication * Effectiveness of school education • Teaching Science and Technology * School of Educational Evaluation Educational institutions * Nursery * Kindergarten * Primary School * Junior * Secondary School * Junior High School * Senior Vocational School * Institute of Technology * College * University * Library * Training * CLASS * Ministry of Education Classification of Education * Prenatal * Early Childhood Education * Classical Education * Primary Education * Secondary Education * Higher Education * Graduate Education * Undergraduate education, university education * Higher Education * College of Education * Compulsory * Life-long education * Vocational Education * Adult Education * Cadre Education * Distance Education * Correspondence Education * Work-study education * Mathematics Education * Language Education * Reading Education * Science Education * IT education • Social Science Education * Art Education • Family Education * Special Education * Gifted Education * Supplementary Education * Sex 1) meaning: Education is to train people's social practice. General education refers to the destination of all who have physical and mental development of the social practice. Primary school education in the narrow sense refers to education, that educators, social requirements and according to certain laws of development of the educated, purposeful, planned, organized influence of the educated mind, expect the expected changes occurred educated activities. Education is a social phenomenon unique to human society, with the emergence of human society, development and production, developed (with human society, there is education). 2) Education features: The characteristics of the original form of education: first, the integration of education with production and living, education, mainly for the production and life experience. Second, education means a single, limited to word of mouth. Third, education, equal rights, education, unity of purpose. Ancient form of education characteristics: First, school education has become the main form of education. Second, the school has a distinct class and hierarchical. Third, the school education with productive labor separation. Fourth, the development of education is relatively slow. The characteristics of the modern form of education: first, the secularization of education. Second, the nationalization of education. Third, the education of the legal system. Fourth, primary obligations of. Fifth, school type diversification. Under the concept of lifelong education, the contemporary forms of education: first, lifelong education. Second, education universal. Third, democratization of education. Fourth, the integration of education. 3) the function of education: Means: the effectiveness of educational activities and functions. Include: the development of functional and social development of individual functions (education, economic functions, political functions, cultural functions). Education first and foremost function is to promote individual development. The most basic function of education is to affect economic development. The most direct function of education is to influence political developments. The most far-reaching educational function of cultural development. Education Law Education Law Teachers Law of the People's Republic Compulsory Education Law of the People's Republic Vocational Education Law of the People's Republic Private Education Promotion Law of the People's Republic Related to education law Republic of China on Protection of Minors Act Prevention of Crime Act, the PRC is not adult China National Common Language Law Education administrative rules and regulations National primary and secondary schools Interim Regulations on work-study Interim Provisions of the State Council imposed additional education Literacy work regulations Nursery work regulations Physical Education Working Regulations School Health Regulations Prohibit the use of child labor regulations Teaching Achievement Award Regulations Disabilities Education Ordinance Teacher Certification Regulations Local Education Code Hebei Chinese Language Application Management Ordinance Hebei Province, the implementation of the "PRC Law on Compulsory Education" approach Hebei Province, the implementation of "Law of the People's Republic of teachers" approach Hebei Province, the implementation of "Vocational Education Law of the People's Republic" approach Hebei Province, the implementation of the "PRC Law on the Protection of Minors" approach Hebei active employees of the Education Ordinance Compulsory Education Financing in Hebei Province with administrative regulations Education administrative rules and other regulatory documents Nursery work order School management rules Provisional Regulations of special education schools Interim Measures on Schooling Migrant Children Figure Hall School (room) procedures The provisions of Laboratory Schools Ordinary primary and secondary textbooks published regulations Ordinary primary and secondary textbooks for duplication and distribution of audiovisual regulations Schools EDUCATIONAL order Interim Provisions of high school class teacher Primary and secondary schools Provisional Regulations on Environmental Management Interim Measures on Management of ordinary high school fees Primary and secondary school finance system Interim Regulations on Supervision of Education Acceptance criteria for evaluation of model high school The provisions of Continuous Education of Teachers Principal training requirements Posts of primary school teachers tried Ordinance Post secondary school teachers tried Ordinance
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The definition of education
Sense of reality into the self-starting, training improved the hearts of idealized "God" (self-conscious representative of hope for the future) both for: Education Notes: (result of the failure of education is not only in being educated leaders abandoned the case, was educated as an alternative mode of education is dominated by the results) "Education" Origin and meaning 1. Chinese "education" Origin of the word Seen before, "Mencius on": "There are three music gentleman, but not with Cun Yan Wang Tianxia. Keep both parents, a brother for no reason, one of fun; Yang worthy of the day, overlooking is not ashamed to people, two of fun; have the world Ying Cai and education, three of fun. "" Dictionary "explains that" the education, on the facilities, but also under the effect ";" education, foster child to be good also. " "Education" has become a common word, it is the 19th century 20th century matters. The latter half of the 19th century, Chinese people began to _set_ up modern education, modern Chinese, "education" of the passage, and the modernization of Chinese education linked, reflecting the educational discourse in China by the "learning-centered" to "teaching-oriented "the modern changes. 2. Western "education" Origin of the word In the West, the word education comes from the Latin educare. Original meaning of "leads" or "Export", meaning that by some means, to some kind of body and mind would have the potential to trigger something inside out. Etymologically speaking, the Western "education" made within the meaning of the term, emphasizing that education is a go with the flow of activities aimed at the natural or potential inherent in the quality of lead out from the inside out to state of development a reality. 3. Educational content Education, the broad and narrow sense. General education refers to the destination of all who have physical and mental development of the social practice. Mainly refers to narrow the education school education, that educators based on certain social requirements and the development pattern of the educated, purposeful, planned, organized influence of the educated mind, expect the expected changes occurred educated activities. The nature and function of education 1. Examine the multiple nature of education (1) content. The so-called essence of education is education as a social activity that is different from other social activities, the fundamental feature, namely "What is education" question. It reflects the requirements of education that is inherent in its fundamental characteristics. (2) the nature of the four views on education: the superstructure that; productivity, said; special category, said; multiple attributes said. 2. Educational function The so-called educational function, referring to the effectiveness of educational activities and functions. Is "What education" issue. The function of education can be divided into: individual development and function and social development functions. Therefore, individual development function of education can be divided into individual socialization function of education and individual personalization features in two ways. Main areas of social activities including economic, political and cultural aspects, which features educational and social development can be divided into the economic function of education, political functions and cultural functions. The main function of education is: (1) education first and foremost function is to promote individual development, including the individual's socialization and personalization. (2) education of the most basic function is to affect economic development. Re-education in modern society, the economic function include: the continued and stable development of the economy provide a good background; the potential ability to work and improving students; the formation of the concept of modern economic life to adapt attitudes and behavior. (3) The function of education is the most direct impact of political development. (4) The function of education is the most far-reaching impact of cultural development. Education and culture must not only pass but also extended and updated to meet the cultural requirements of their own. What is education? At first glance this question may seem simple, but in an international education conference, all the more to ask in America, Dr. Wong, a British educator, but not below. Yet, this problem is not so simple. The definition of education, and foreign educators, thinkers, and some people have their own "Quotations" where Jicui as follows: Confucius: "The doctrines of the Ming Mingde, in the PFP, in all worlds." Lu Xun : "education is to Liren." key is to understand children's education, guidance, and liberation. Cai: "Education is to help those being educated to develop his own ability to complete his personality, the human race can do duty as a member, not being educated to create a special apparatus." Tao : Education is the basis for life, for life, "life education" to develop a capacity for action, thinking and creative people. All the more yellow: education "is important is not Wang Jushang loaded, but the primer to the tank." Zhong Qiquan: education is to lay the "Student Development" and "personal growth" basis. Qin Wenjun: "Education should be a door, open it, full of sunshine and flowers, it can bring confidence to the children, happy." Foreign "education" there are many wonderful, brilliant exposition: Marx and Engels: Education is to promote "the free development of unique individual." Kant: education is the individual self-design, self-_select_ion, self build, self-evaluation process is the development of self-ability, it reflects the will of society and education and the educated equality and freedom to carefully explore the mechanism of the common seriously, not "command", not "alternative", but not so fine cocoon of the butterfly song intended to meet, or against their submission. Albert Einstein: "What is education? When you have forgotten the education received, and the rest is education." Howard Gardner: What is education? Education is the child that the world is all about experience, in which educators can play what role. People First Education: Cultivating individual talents, is the essence of education. Montessori: "Education is to stimulate life, full of life, to help children survive by their own strength, and help them to develop this spirit." Karl Jaspers: "Education is the education of the human soul, rather than rational accumulation of knowledge. "Yami Winchester: Education is the" love of education. " All kinds of interpretation, is different, both from a perspective of the door leading to the truth. International Board of Education 21st Century Education submitted to the UNESCO report, said: Education is "guaranteed to enjoy them and give full play to their talents firmly in the hands of their own destiny as far as possible and need ideas, judgments, feelings and imagination aspects of freedom. "As educators, to figure out what the problem is education, education for the clear understanding of the nature of their functions and responsibilities clearly, identify the way forward is very beneficial. This is not proper for us, a dead end. Because there is no rational consciousness, it is impossible in practice to be conscious and clear educators. Education is a change in human understanding of the way of the objective world, a positive guide human thought, understand and transform the world, positive and effective way, from the perspective of the word, corresponding to an impact, from the derogatory term of the point of view, there can be corresponding to instigate evil. Education is a human morality, science, technology, knowledge base, and enhance the spiritual realm of the heritage acts, but also the transmission of human civilization. A subjective ideology in some appropriate changes to some other method of subjective ideology. Is to change the thinking of other ideas and a scientific approach. Education is also the most expensive defense system. In short, the essential attribute of education, that education is an influence, a positive influence, a kind of human knowledge and transform the objective world and their positive impact. The ultimate goal of education is not taught to teach in order! The church its self-reflection self-management ability of the survival and development. Popular point that "teaching: to do the next school (or imitation); Education: the right attitude towards the objective." Ultimate goal of education is the right habits and attitude towards the objective. Logical starting point of education: Logical starting point of education is of the generation of human society. The transformation from ape to man is due to productive labor, apes evolved in labor to the brain and hand as the core of the main mechanisms. The brain can be thought, can be operated hands, which distinguishes man from animals usually become "senior animal." With the main mechanisms are likely to become the subject of practical cognitive abilities of people, human beings can improve themselves to understand and transform The main objective world, so the objective world and understanding human transformation into the object. But to understand and transform the objective world is the ability to require only the principal can. Human society in the social practice of human self-created forms. The definition of science education can help people understand the objective of education, objective understanding of education helps people to establish a correct outlook on education, the right education can help people develop the right view of education policy, planning, system, and thus encourage people to be sensible, reasonable, compliance, appropriate educational activities.
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"Education" is defined
"Education" is defined as the educational content or meaning, to "educate" the phenomenon of education under the definition of the beginning of rational knowledge, but also educational activities, scientific knowledge is an important sign. In education circles, on "education" is defined as a variety, can be described as benevolent see benevolence and the wise see wisdom. Generally speaking, people from two different angles to the "education" under the definition of a social point of view, the other is the individual perspective. The former Soviet Union and China are generally from a social point of view to the "education" under the definition, while the Anglo-American countries, educators are generally from the perspective of the individual to the "education" under the definition. From a social point of view the definition of "education" can be "education" is defined is divided into different levels: (1) a broad sense, any increase people's knowledge and skills of people's ideological and moral activities are educational. (2) the narrow sense, mainly referring to school education, that educators based on certain social or class requirements, the purpose of a planned and organized to exert influence on the educated mind, and training them into a certain social or class of people in need activities. (3) more narrowly, and sometimes refers to the ideological education activities. This approach emphasizes the definition of social factors on the impact of individual development, the "education" as a whole social system in a subsystem, distribution, or assume a certain social function. From the perspective of the individual to define "education" and tend to "education" is equivalent to the individual learning or development process. Education is the most essential understanding is that the knowledge society on people's thinking and behavior instilled guidance; one, the object of education is human; Second, the contents must be healthy and meaningful. Education is the social context in a certain place to promote the socialization of the individual and social personalized practice. If you focus on the basic elements of educational activities to define, can be defined as education is the education of people have consciously adopted a number of methods, media and other forms of transmitting information to others, Qi Wang to influence others or psychological state of the spiritual world, to help or hinder another, a (s) concept, quality, ability of social activities. In the former role as educators, as education is the role of the latter object. This definition of educational activities comply with all the human, can be used as the basic definition of education. The narrow sense refers to education or educational institutions organized, systematic implementation of educational activities, that is, formal education, such as school education. Contemporary poets, cultural scholars Zhang Xiulin in the "On Education" in an article the following explanation: The so-called education should be taught as a society and culture, communication. And social culture, including arts and sciences, which should include three levels of content. The first level is the high level of culture, both abstract and do not see there, such as social psychology, aesthetics and value, the second level refers to the specific down from the first level, although there do not see the concrete, but to really feel to its structure and activities of the existing methods, such as government and its agencies, third level refers to the surface of culture, both see Youmo received, articles or material culture. Simply put, that is, cultural, spiritual and material culture, physical and chemical culture. The aim of education is enlightenment and educating people, in fact, people accept all kinds of useful knowledge, to the knowledge of the absorption, melting, to its direct role in the community, or to such knowledge as a basis, the distillation of new knowledge, the discovery and invention. Physical changes like the former, the person receiving something like a container Sheng, accept that some things still several things, but for a place, with some mixed, which is probably often said that the practical talents - technology or skills of personnel; the latter is similar to the chemical reaction, has generated a different, and the other things, these people are able to grasp very well the first level of culture, scholarship easy to form their own unique ideas, concepts and methods. This is the creative talent. A country and nation, the cultural impact in the world, mainly the first level of culture, the impact of creative talent. (Source: China Academic Forum Zhang Xiulin column, http://www.frchina.net/data/personArticle.php?id=6799) Education and development of the material basis Highly developed nervous system of human education and development of material basis and premise. It provides a feeling, memory, association, imagination, reasoning and other thinking function integrity, people's consciousness can interact and can be spread. Educator's role in education Activities in education, educators face to face to the educated do not have to pass information through a variety of ways and through the media, even through another person. And this is not necessarily the education of others, because the educator is to change other people's ideas, quality, ability to pass information for the purpose. Those who received their information, and a man is his intention to pass the object of education.
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The value of education
Based on 9 years of compulsory education, values education population is to solve moral, intellectual, physical and aesthetic education, labor education, science education, the original enlightenment. Encourage and help people have received education and acceptance of the basic skills of social life. The subsequent secondary school, University and higher education, values education is to address the people have the basic scientific research, practice, experiment, test, imitation, innovation enlightenment. Encourage and help people with education and acceptance of scientific inventions and so forth, industrialization, standardization, information technology and other production practice basic skills. Vocational education and training, which is valuable for the community and that industrialization, economic development, a steady stream of skilled personnel to provide security. Encourage and help people understand the position by the operation process of education and training after the induction of employment, to accept and apply for various types of occupational status, access to post job basic skills. Chinese saying goes: ten trees, takes a hundred years. Reveals the education essential value, is to give countries with a high belief, high moral character, honesty and law-abiding, highly skilled, learned, and more specifically and more to the people, for the country, for the home, in order to create scientific knowledge and material wealth, and promote economic growth, promoting national prosperity, and promote world peace and human development.
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Raise the level of education
In general, the educational environment can be divided into: family environment, school environment, social environment. . The goal of education can be understood as, for personal survival skills from the beginning to pursue national interests, national interests, continuing scientific and human destiny, happy high-tech security for the benefit of mankind, no end! Science education is three-dimensional, it is divided into four levels: school education, family education, social education and self-education. School Education: refers to the students IQ (IQ) for the purpose of education to improve behavior. Family Education: refers to the emotional intelligence of students (EQ) for the purpose of education to improve behavior. Social Education: refers to business students in Germany (MQ) for the purpose of education to improve behavior. Self-education: individuals to enhance their overall quality of education for the purpose of behavior. Four levels interacting with each other, overlap and complement each other to form a complete educational system. Narrow is the textbook materials. A course textbook is the core teaching materials. Education refers to certain social conditions, according to the needs of society, organized, purposeful, planned way the system shall be conducted education and training, develop their physical and mental activities.
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Introduction
Education process begins at birth and continued for life has been widely accepted. Some people even believe that education can be started earlier, some parents let fetus in the womb listening to music and stories, I hope the development of an impact on children. "Education" comes from the Latin educare, meaning "leads." Education has many functions: • Ensure that human beings continue to promote human development functions; • Promote social development functions; • _Select_ functions. Social _select_ion based on level of education personnel. People through education to achieve social status changes. Education With the emergence of human society arising, with the development of social development, and human society were always. The definition of education, understanding of different scholars from various countries. Such as the United States, John Dewey said: "Education is life." Spencer, the UK, said: "Education for life for the future." Zhuang Li of China that "education is forced or guided by educators to accept specific knowledge, rules, information , skills, skills. "
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The type of education
Formal education Social, group or private courses to educate people, usually young people. Comparison of the formal education system integrity. Ideal or the formal education system to impart valuable knowledge, but sometimes abuse. Adult Education Lifelong education or adult education has been very popular in many countries. 'Education' was also seen as something for children, adult education are often branded as 'adult learning' or 'lifelong learning'. Significance of adult education is the role of the adult person the burden of conducting a systematic ongoing learning activities aimed at promoting knowledge, attitudes, values and skills change. <Darkenwald & Merrian,1982,P.9> the only species of early literacy has been identified to teach people the basic reading, writing and arithmetic skills, activities, and gradually expand to changes in response to the needs of technology to enhance their knowledge and ability for the purpose. Technology Education Provided only for a special training, such as computers College. Technical schools to train personnel in different markets. Technical education to the students the opportunity to choose, it will increase the interest of scholars. Special Education Emerged for the modern phenomenon of social phenomenon and the family: such as Internet addiction, Internet addiction is a form of mental illness, longer Internet and many neurons in the brain to create "Internet excitement", the excitement cause the brain to the Internet produce sustained excitement, this pathology and drug addiction, gambling is very similar, and drug abuse, gambling, hard as withdrawal. The main symptoms are: a strong attachment of apathy willpower narrowed the scope of interpersonal communication and other social problems ...! So the Shaolin Temple Pan Guojing use of "Zen" to restrain a similar situation.
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The implementation of education
Education, followed by the effect on transportation, education, adopted son to be good also. A phrase from the Eastern Han Dynasty, Xu Shen, "Dictionary" teaching method, is calling the shots. Parents teach children such as filial piety, we must personally own, children will naturally do it. By extension, to teach others their first cultivation first, do first, and then use the role models to influence people, even to speak and teach the results. Education, teaching and educating our ancestors that the primary purpose is to enable the child to be a good man, not just learning knowledge and professional skills. So what is good? What are the criteria for good? If the minds of those who engaged in education do not know the standard, and that education will not be successful; if he knows the standards of good to be able to seize every educational opportunity.
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Marxist View of Education:
40 years since the 19th century, many writings of Marx and Engels proposed the initial concept of the Marxist theory of education (such as "Capital", Volume 1, Chapter 13; "German Ideology" Volume 1, Part 1; "Critique of the Gotha Program," Part 4; "the basic principles of communism"). It is on this basis has gradually developed a more systematic theory of education. October Revolution and its Marxist educational needs of practice, greatly promoted the development of this theory (Lenin, Krupskaya, Blanc Sharansky, Makarenko). In fact, the basic Marxist theory of education is a theory of practice. Some of the important contribution to this figure has Bebel, Jaures, Zetkin, Liebknecht, Gramsci, Langevin, Warren, SAF. Many researchers currently are working to further develop this theory. The main components of the theory are the following: (1) shall be compulsory for all children, free public education to ensure the eradication of the monopoly of culture or knowledge, the eradication of all the privileges of education. In the original formulation, this can only be a run by various public institutions of education. So this was mentioned, is to prevent the working class and poor living conditions hinder the overall development of children. Later, clearly put forward the other goals, such as to weaken the family's role in social reproduction, must be based on equal conditions to develop children's groups to use of social power. No doubt, the most successful revolutionary educational experiments, from Cuba Makarenko school to school, are in accordance with the social programs carried out. (2) Education and the combination of material production (or to use Marx's words, is the intellectual, physical, and productive work together.) Including the goal here is neither for better vocational training, nor is it to inculcate professional ethics, but by ensuring that everyone is fully aware of the production process to eliminate manual and mental, between concept and practice of history between the formation of gap. The correctness of this principle in theory, although widely recognized by people, but its practical application has raised many questions (many died halfway or only partially successful experiment to prove this point), this rapid change in science and technology conditions, in particular. (3) Education must ensure the comprehensive development. With the new combinations of science and production, one can become a full sense of the producers. On this basis, all the people both men and women, its potential can be cast. This would appear to meet the general needs of a world in which individuals in the consumer, entertainment, culture, creativity and enjoyment, participation in social life, interpersonal and self-realization (self-created), and other aspects of social life fully display their abilities. To achieve this goal, in particular, need to change the social division of labor, which is a difficult task, so far only at the open stage. (4) community in the education process have been given significant new role. Relationships within the group of schools that change (from competition to cooperation and support) means that the relationship between school and society will become more open, and to promote mutual learning and positive relationship with the premise. The theory outlined above is not the end. On the basis of these principles to the interpretation or practice carried out by the above principles, there are still many dilemmas. Between Marxism and Marxists and between non-Marxist, is the debate the following issues: the problem of the human personality; "nature and education" issue; schools and education in the popular range of social determinism the possibility of innovation; and educational content, methods, structures in promoting social change in relative importance. (ZF) References 1M.W. Apel: "Ideology and the curriculum," English in 1979. 2 Austrian Bebel: "Women and Socialism" (1879), 1886 English. 3P. Bull and JC Pase Long lost: "educational, social and cultural reproduction," English in 1979. 4S. Bowles and H. Jin Disi: "Capitalism American education," English in 1976. 5 兹苏萨弗吉: "the formation of the society", 1979 English, Chapter 4. 6 Paul Grover Demirel: "Pedagogy of the oppressed", 1970 English. 7, Antonio Gramsci: "alternative education", the Italian edition in 1973. 8 to Jaures: "Socialism and Education", 1899 French version. 9 Paul D. Langan of the million: "Thought and Action", 1950 French version. 10 Fulieliening: "On policy issues, the Ministry of National Education" (1913), 1963 English. 11 Ibid author: "the task of Youth" (1920), 1966 English. 12 Ibid author: "About Integrated Technology Education 娜捷施达康斯坦 Dingnuo Pavlovna outline view" (1920), 1966 English. 13D. Lindenberg: "The Communist International and class schools", 1972 French version. 14M.A. 马纳科尔达: "Marx and Modern Education," the Italian version of 1966.
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History of education
Europe In the West, education was the origin of the tremendous impact of religious organizations: Fathers recognized the importance of education to establish school system. In Europe, many universities have a Catholic background first. After the Scottish Reformation created a new National Church of Scotland. China Education in China began in the Chinese classical works, not a religious organization. Early Chinese officials appointed by the education management empire, to _select_ed officials of the imperial examinations system was established in the Sui Dynasty, Tang Dynasty, Emperor Taizong improved examination system. Until the late Qing Dynasty in 1905 repealed and replaced by Western education. China's education system is now in the 90 major changes there, private capital began to enter the field of education. Japan Japanese education is closely related to the origin and religion. The school is to train to become Buddhist monks want to study young people of the temple. Later, the children will want to learn to "Tera-koya" (meaning temple huts), learn how to read and write Japanese. India The institutionalization of education in India has a long history, according to research before the rise of Buddhism in India already have a sound education system. The modernization of education can be divided into the colonial period and after independence, two major stages of development. India's colonial period is the initiation of the modernization of education, including: traditional education to modern education, the transition period (1498 ~ 19th century); the formation of the colonial period of India's education system, namely, the period of Westernization of education in India (19 in early 20 century ), the rise of national education and development period (early 20th century and 1947 independent) three periods. After independence in 1947, the Indian education into its overall development stage. Recent trends in world education In the past few decades, who have no education in any school the percentage of illiterate population declined. From 36% in 1960 to 25% in 2000. In developing countries, the percentage of illiteracy in 2000 only half of 1970. In developed countries, illiteracy has dropped from 6% to 1%, who have no school education declined from 5% to 2%.
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Education theory (education discipline system)
. General Teaching General Didactics . Education Pedagogy . Educational Innovation Educational Innovation . The educational value of Educational Value * Philosophy of Education * The basic theory of education • Education Law • Education Management • Information Technology Education * Educational Technology, Educational Technology * Educational Technology • Education Economics * Educational Psychology * Sociology of Education • Education Futures * School Health * Comparative Education • Education Statistics • Education and Communication * Effectiveness of school education • Teaching Science and Technology * School of Educational Evaluation
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Educational institutions
* Nursery * Kindergarten * Primary School * Junior * High School * Senior Vocational School * Institute of Technology * College * University * Training * CLASS
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Classification of Education
* Filial piety education * Moral Education * Prenatal * Early Childhood Education * Classical Education * Primary Education * Secondary Education * Higher Education * Graduate Education * Undergraduate education, university education * Higher Education * College of Education * Compulsory * Life-long education * Vocational Education * Adult Education * Cadre Education * Distance Education * Correspondence Education * Work-study education * Mathematics Education * Language Education * Reading Education * Science Education * IT education • Social Science Education * Art Education • Family Education * Special Education * Gifted Education * Supplementary Education * Sex 1) meaning: Education is to train people's social practice. General education refers to the destination of all who have physical and mental development of the social practice. Primary school education in the narrow sense refers to education, that educators, social requirements and according to certain laws of development of the educated, purposeful, planned, organized influence of the educated mind, expect the expected changes occurred educated activities. Education is a social phenomenon unique to human society, with the emergence of human society, development and production, developed (with human society, there is education). 2) Education features: The characteristics of the original form of education: first, the integration of education with production and living, education, mainly for the production and life experience. Second, education means a single, limited to word of mouth. Third, education, equal rights, education, unity of purpose. Ancient form of education characteristics: First, school education has become the main form of education. Second, the school has a distinct class and hierarchical. Third, the school education with productive labor separation. Fourth, the development of education is relatively slow. The characteristics of the modern form of education: first, the secularization of education. Second, the nationalization of education. Third, the education of the legal system. Fourth, primary obligations of. Fifth, school type diversification. Under the concept of lifelong education, the contemporary forms of education: first, lifelong education. Second, education universal. Third, democratization of education. Fourth, the diversification of education. Fifth, the modernization of educational technology. 3) the function of education: Means: the effectiveness of educational activities and functions. Include: the development of functional and social development of individual functions (education, economic functions, political functions, cultural functions). Education first and foremost function is to promote individual development. The most basic function of education is to affect economic development. The most direct function of education is to influence political developments. The most far-reaching educational function of cultural development.
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Legal Education
Education Law Compulsory Education Law of the People's Republic Vocational Education Law of the People's Republic Private Education Promotion Law of the People's Republic Related to education law Republic of China on Protection of Minors Act Prevention of Crime Act, the PRC is not adult China National Common Language Law Education administrative rules and regulations National primary and secondary schools Interim Regulations on work-study Interim Provisions of the State Council imposed additional education Literacy work regulations Nursery work regulations Physical Education Working Regulations School Health Regulations Prohibit the use of child labor regulations Teaching Achievement Award Regulations Disabilities Education Ordinance Teacher Certification Regulations Local Education Code Hebei Chinese Language Application Management Ordinance Hebei Province, the implementation of the "PRC Law on Compulsory Education" approach Hebei Province, the implementation of "Law of the People's Republic of teachers" approach Hebei Province, the implementation of "Vocational Education Law of the People's Republic" approach Hebei Province, the implementation of the "PRC Law on the Protection of Minors" approach Hebei active employees of the Education Ordinance Compulsory Education Financing in Hebei Province with administrative regulations Education administrative rules and other regulatory documents Nursery work order School management rules Provisional Regulations of special education schools Interim Measures on Schooling Migrant Children Figure Hall School (room) procedures The provisions of Laboratory Schools Ordinary primary and secondary textbooks published regulations Ordinary primary and secondary textbooks for duplication and distribution of audiovisual regulations Schools EDUCATIONAL order Interim Provisions of high school class teacher Primary and secondary schools Provisional Regulations on Environmental Management Interim Measures on Management of ordinary high school fees Primary and secondary school finance system Interim Regulations on Supervision of Education Acceptance criteria for evaluation of model high school The provisions of Continuous Education of Teachers Principal training requirements Posts of primary school teachers tried Ordinance Post secondary school teachers tried Ordinance
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Vocational Education Professional
National Translation Certificate Examination (NAETI) CGFNS (U.S. nursing exam) National Qualification Examination guide price appraisers Customs examination test the quality of professional qualifications Registered structural engineer supervising engineer Teacher Qualification Examination practitioners Nurse Practitioners Licensing Examination for Pharmacist Examination Property Management Division Civil Service Examinations ISO9000 Internal Auditor business administration NVQ National Vocational Chinese Proficiency Test (ZHC) of the Police recruitment Research analyst registered construction engineer Human Resource Management web designer IELTS TOEFL 3D Modeling Engineer
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Reading Education
Opening - originally to promote children's reading Although far ancestors, worship is not dishonesty. Although children of ignorance, the book is must reading. London waste by waste, corruption of the root causes of security. Tanshen Chi slowly, the reasons people fall. To cause peace and harmony, should proceed from the fundamental. Figure pull criminal vitality and only Minglun and filial piety. Fundamental mistake to Zhimo, recognized as a fundamental Zhimo. Seeking to solve the problem, and have actually create problems. Only business of this gentleman, the self-service Bangguo Ning. The saying goes: [teach children the baby, first came to teach women], children are not contaminated before nature, truthfulness easy entry; prejudiced, and the long but not volatile; the enemy of kindness, confidence, the time required to train young; where the parents in their children when young, that is, when taught to recite the classics, and to foster the fundamental wisdom and courage of your convictions; also knows the karma of the reason, do Duilun per channel; if childhood does not teach, let it grow the habit has become, could do nothing wrong! Three Character Classic, said: [support does not teach, the father of the over; teach strict teacher is lazy. ]; [Education of the Road, you to post. ] Instead of Bo and miscellaneous; it a classic, should recite the 100-1000 times, Su says: [tire hundred books read back, familiar with the thoughtful child know. ] Is now teaching in Bo and miscellaneous bad, and does not cause moral and students re-reading, concentration of the culture, to have the bitter fruit of today ... .... Parents and teachers look forward to wise, deep body Slovakia purpose; This is the lifeblood of Chinese culture, Chinese children and grandchildren can enjoy the peace of the key length, there are eye who, when you see this.
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Religious Education
Modern people have a hard invisible, inexplicable pressure - hard, caught in the whirlpool of emotions - pain, pressure of work - hard, poverty forced the body - pain, all sorts of bitter, almost all the time around the surrounding, careful, these are wrapped around hard to the body. But I do not know how to distraction those afflicted, and accumulated in one, we will feel life getting boring. Lost focus and direction in life, will inevitably fall into lost, helpless, helpless ... and can really resolve the depression, eliminate dust, the only way to guide the misery - religious education. Unfortunately, many people mistaken religion is superstition. In fact, religion is not superstition, nor is philosophy, but not the Church, it is a education. Teaches us how to mind in this life have a stable life, teach us how to be good people, doing good man, improve the quality of life, away from the pain, had a happy life. Here, we recorded nine captures the doctrine of religious and spiritual blessings of the helpless that you can get in a bright light to guide you to a firm and sincere belief in spirituality, Looking bright life.
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Education Technology
Commonly referred to as education, is that school education, with a common regional or national standard curriculum, have designated teachers for classroom dictation about, accompanied by writing on the blackboard and operations, combined with tests, random tests, midterm and final exam, plus increase in school examinations, re-entering the career. In the information era, advanced education, has no private school and one to one and then this backward, high-cost, low efficiency means of education it! Interactive, fun, schools and other designated curriculum and student choice are more advanced technical means of education, as teaching, vocational education is more successful means. The use of information technology to education may encounter various technical and management issues, a more accurate description, so that more people in the advanced technical conditions of education, faster, and more, life and learning to accept scientific knowledge and material wealth.
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Differences in the Western Education
Western education is based on humanistic ideas and great start, and people who began the practice of training and analytical capacity, to encourage freedom of thought, and is responsible for their words and deeds. The role of teachers, mainly those guidelines are often general and students together as friends to discuss issues, questions for students, often one that library, so that the students themselves to seek information, make their own judgments, as much as possible not to affect the independent thinking of students. Europe and the United States students do homework is often experimental report, what you study, how to do, observe what is, what the results and conclusions, with reference to what the literature ... the object of study and problems of small, often just a pencils rolling, sugar and salt dissolve, and so what. (It is important not big and small, but the ways and means!). The greatest possible protection of the source of human creativity - ideas of freedom and autonomy. (I think, that man is dominant in the world, because human creativity! Human creation tool and use it, currently known species, only humans and chimpanzees have created tools to conduct) which is why modern and modern inventions and discoveries in most of the main reasons for the West. Similarly, it also has disadvantages, there are limitations. It focuses on analysis, the lack of comprehensive thinking ability. As if a ray analysis to determine the direction to go step by step, little to reflect the starting point; it "grass is always greener," the individual attention to innovation, often overlook the individual's existing accumulation of knowledge. U.S. Secretary of Education said: "Our country's education system is a complete failure, we were taught to become a meat machine", that is, the lack of Western education for integrated thinking and lateral thinking ability and that the (lateral thinking - people The fundamental difference between the computer, for example: There are ten dollars and a dollar, pick? A take ten or a piece of that vertical thinking; answer is to take or not take, that lateral thinking). China has always been the subject of education is shown by Confucianism. Because Confucianism has "One" thinking, so those in power to put the main Confucian education to be responsible to the benefit of the rule whether the State Administration of Confucianism as the standard, is another matter. (Han, Tang, are both "the use of Taoism, Confucianism statue outside"; Song respected scholar, but not to act as the sole criteria for the Confucian, or a joke that a minister normally open by the Emperor of Confucianism was long overdue, "Kacha "a; Yuan is the alien invasion, stained with blood and tears; following the Ming Neo-Confucianism is the only branch of Confucianism; not be discussed here hate the most ignorant of the Qing Dynasty, so as not to undermine the good mood) that focus on comprehensive education, internal stress, known to accumulate knowledge, it is "Reviewing the Old", and at the conduct of multi-faceted thinking, "Kung Fu in poetry" is the mean. It is the inadequacy of the freedom of thought confined to a certain extent, people lack creativity and, be rational, systematic is not strong, is not precise enough, students are ambitious, unrealistic expectations that have been learned about the master of things, but also other it so happened, refused to analyze things down to earth details of the research (I case). This is not much after the Song of the invention, there was a reason for that. Education in Modern China withstood the impact of Western education methods, there has been opposition co-existence, or that it is in a strong collision of Western thought, education is only one difference between the different ways of expression. Therefore, "restrict them", the "ism." Adhere to the self, is a way, in Taiwan, Southeast Asia, using traditional Chinese education has been very successful example of their consistent adherence to moral education, the same train a lot of talents. (Cultivate good citizenship education is the most successful education, not rare or out of a few famous scientists, the state is strong, depending on the quality of most of the people themselves.)
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Compulsory education
April 1986 China promulgated the "Compulsory Education Law." This is the first time to free and compulsory education in the form fixed by law, that age-appropriate "for children and youth" must accept the 9 years of compulsory education. Development of the Compulsory Education Law to the Development of Basic Education in China marks a new stage. Although only 18, but the "national implementation of nine-year compulsory education" has since become a statutory obligation. The latest "Compulsory Education Law" by the Tenth National People's Congress Standing Committee of the twenty-second session of June 29, 2006 amended and adopted, since September 1, 2006 shall come into force. After two years of transition, with the fall of 2008, China has implemented throughout the country worthy of the name of compulsory education. Compulsory education is required by law, school-age children and young people must accept the state, society, families must be guaranteed by national education. The essence of the country in accordance with the provisions of the law school-age children and adolescents of a certain number of years of compulsory education system. Also known as compulsory education compulsory and free education. Compulsory education compulsory, free sex, popular features. Educational purposes Educational purposes is proposed and developed by man, which embodies the people's subjective will. Because people have different values on education, which aims at the development of education and other issues will form the basis of different ideas.
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English Expression
: indoctrination
n.: schooling, designed to give knowledge and develop skills, breed up, bring up, Education, Science, Culture and Public Health Committee, upbringing, coeducation, pedagogy, nurture, instruction, education, edificatory
v.: teach, inculcate, educate, do or not to do sth by punishment or as a result of experience, educate, teach
adj.: comprehensive
vt.: school
French Expression
n. éducation, instruction
Thesaurus
education, break, foster, culture, anneal, exercise, rehearsal, cherish, upbringing education system gaocheng coeducation Community, Coeducation Juweihui Jiaoyo Village
school