Larger than rural population than the rural focus to non-agricultural activities and non-agricultural population-based settlement. China usually formed where a city known as city of 10 million people in more than the general population. Concentration of urban population and productivity, most of an area of industrial, commercial, transport and education, information and administrative center.
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chéng shì
Densely populated, industrial and commercial areas, usually around the region's political, economic, and cultural center
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No. 3
Population centers, industrial and commercial development, residents in the area of non-agricultural population-based, usually around the region's political, economic and cultural center. "Han Fei Chen Love": "Therefore in the Minister of Paul is great, not by the Gateway City." Sushi Song "Xu Zhou West Lake" poem: "But fear city Huan, I do not know the field sad." Ling "pine nuts": "They had to Many people begging in the back with, gone through a number of deserted villages and towns, has also gone through a number of poor city. "
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Introduction
City, based on non-agricultural non-agricultural industries and the formation of a larger concentration of population _set_tlement (including the establishment of the national administrative system of the city, town). In general, the more densely populated urban areas as (city), generally include a residential, industrial and commercial areas and have the administrative jurisdiction of the function. Administrative jurisdiction of the city's function may involve more extensive than their own region. Including buildings, streets, hospitals, schools, commercial stores, plazas, parks and other public facilities. The city is the administrative system in China can not fully reflect the urbanization and industrialization level of a region; Chinese mainland cities as the administrative system is divided into municipalities, provincial cities (prefecture-level cities and sub-provincial city) and county-level city, response level of industrialization of a major city index has non-agricultural population of the total population, per capita GDP levels and the total non-agricultural GDP, the proportion of GDP.
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Types of Chinese cities
Municipalities (4), sub-provincial city (15), the provincial capital city of the capital city (27 = 22 + 5 regional capital of the provincial capital), a larger city (49), prefecture-level city (283), County class City (368) (this data as the end of 2008.) Among them, the capital city of the capital city of the city belong to the larger scope of large cities belong to the scope of prefecture-level cities. Sub-provincial cities are special, including 10 capital cities and five non-capital cities. City (country)
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The formation of the city
The emergence of cities and civilization of human symbol of maturity, but also advanced form of human social life. At the same time since the 20th century, brought about by the rapid development of urban social problems have been plaguing mankind. early man, of no fixed abode, with the case of pastures, small groups, fishing and hunting and food, however, in dealing with individual large ferocious animals, and five people power seems weak, and only in conjunction with other groups, to get the victory. With the population strength, harvest also enriched and captured prey inconvenient to carry, find a place to store it, over time they _set_tled down in that place. Almost all human beings choose to _set_tle the place, are more lush, thriving animal premises. Ancestors _set_tled in order to resist the intrusion of wild animals, then the resident on the fence around the bar, the formation of the early villages. With the population boom, the village continued to expand in scale, killing an animal, the entire village of people out in force a bit more, and inconvenience to allocate, therefore, the village was divided into a number of internal groups, fighting each other, their prey distribution within groups. Division of the group is free to, those sick and elderly groups are often not captured animals, had attached to the power of a strong group around, get some food. The harvest abundance of groups, not only spending endless prey, the prey can also be used to excess, and other groups for what they do not, therefore, the early "city" will be formed. "The world as a chapter," reads: Zhuanxu time "for the city of Vulcan." Analysis of the Functions note reads: "not ancient city, if the drain wells toward the poly, they put the goods to sell goods in the well, said Pop." This is the "marketplace" of origin. At the same time, in other place with the same villages, between villages fights often happen to one of the animals. As a result, the villages to prepare for the invasion of other villages, they built on the basis of the fence wall. "Annals of Wu," a book with such a record: "fortification to Wei Jun, Guo made to guard the people." City of the wall as a boundary, there is the inner city, outer city differences. The inner city called the city, outside the city called Guo. Emperor lived within the city officials, civilians lived outside the city. Jun mentioned here, in the early game and should be very rich harvest groups, and poor people is harvested, it is difficult to feed themselves, the abundance of groups attached to the harvest around the group. In fact, the earliest human city has a "country" means, which is probably the city's formation and evolution of human general process. Academics on the origin of the city There are three theories: First, defense, said that the purpose is to build castle from foreign invaders; second market, said that with the development of social production, people have the extra hands of agricultural products, livestock products, need a fair exchange. Exchange place fixed gradually, more people gathered, there is the city, and later built a city; third is social division of labor, said that with the continuous development of social productive forces, emerged within a nation of people specialized in handicraft commercial, some specializing in agriculture. Engaged in the handicraft industry, business people need to have a place together, production and exchange. Therefore, only the emergence and development of the city. Cities are a major component of human civilization, the city is accompanied by the development of human civilization and progress together. Agrarian age, humans began to _set_tle in; with the development of industry and commerce, the city began to rise and spread of urban civilization. In fact, agrarian age, the city appeared, but the role of military defense and holding rituals, does not have the production function, just a consumer centers. At that time the city's small, because the surrounding countryside provide the surplus is small. Control of each city and its rural areas, constitute a small unit, relatively closed, self-sufficiency. Scholars generally believe that the true sense of the city is a product of industrial and commercial development. Such as the 13th century the Mediterranean coast, Milan, Venice, Paris, are important commercial and trading center; which flourished in Venice in the period, more than 20 million people. Industrial Revolution, greatly accelerate the process of urbanization, as farmers continue to flock to the new industrial center, the city received an unprecedented development. The eve of the First World War, the United Kingdom, United States, Germany and France and other Western countries, most of the population, are living in the city. This is not only a sign of wealth, but also a symbol of civilization. And this is because, as the city lined the sky, the symbol of power it would not be deep and interesting past, which seems to be coincident with the "Road", perhaps to non-urban and rural nature of this difference, just as is with SEN who are working hard, like, go with the flow (the development of productivity) and alternating with its own position.
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The type of city
Urban economics of the city made the classification of different energy levels, such as small and medium cities, large cities, international metropolis, the world's cities, etc., on the city level classification of the population size of a standard, non-urban areas of China under The number of agricultural population and so the city is divided into four: the population is less than 20 million small cities, 200,000 to 500,000 people to medium-sized cities, 50 million people over the city, which again has a population of more than 100 million cities as large cities. By the city's comprehensive economic strength and the history of the world's urban development, city divided into market-based, functional, comprehensive, urban groups and other categories, these categories are the various stages of urban development. Any city will be subject to market-type phase. Fair city, belonging to farmers or artisans around the gathering commodity exchange, the business mainly by the market, shops and hotels, restaurants and other ancillary services posed. Type of town in the market there are towns in China; Functional city, through the exploitation of natural resources and advantages of industrial concentration, began to develop its unique industrial property, so that the city has a specific function. Not only is the exchange of goods, the producer of goods also. But the city due to the formation of functional division of labor and monotonous, for other regions and cities rely on enhanced economic exchanges, business started by the majority of transactions closed in the city, opening into the main intercity trade, wholesale trade has been greatly development. This type of city are industrial city and tourist city and so on; Integrated cities, industrial location and economic functions of cities have obvious advantages become integrated, finance, trade, services, culture, entertainment and other functions to develop, increasing the city's gathering force, so much the city's economic level improved, a regional, national and even international economic and trade center ("Metropolitan"). From simple commodity trading business to an integrated service development, expansion of commercial activities to promote the circulation of commodities and extended to meet the needs of all trading activities. Typical of these cities are in China, municipalities, provincial capitals. Urban agglomeration (or metropolitan area). The city's economic function is no longer reflected in an isolated city, but by a central city core, with its close economic ties to keep the series composed of medium and small cities to reflect the city group. Such as the U.S. Atlantic coast city of Boston with China, Japan, Tokyo, Osaka, Nagoya, three city circle, London, England - Liverpool city zone. Shanghai Yangtze River Delta region where the formation of an economy in fact is closely related to the Yangtze River Delta city group, the overall economic function has become increasingly apparent.
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Urban planning and layout
Cities and Urbanization Related Terms _Set_tlement (_set_tlement) City (town, city) City (municipality; city) Town (town) City domain (administrative region of a city) Urban Culture (city culture) Urbanization (urbanization) The level of urbanization (urbanization level) Urban agglomeration (agglomeration) Urban system (urban system) Satellite (satellite towns, satellite town)
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Urban planning
Urban system planning (urban system pLANning) Urban planning (urban planning) Urban design (urban design) City Master Plan (master planning outline) Urban planning area (urban planning area) Urban built-up area (urban built-up area) Development (development area) Old City Reconstruction (urban redevelopment) Urban infrastructure (urban infrastructure) Urban master plan (master plan, comprehensive planning) Regional planning (district planing) Immediate Plan (immediate plan) Urban detailed planning (detailed plan) Regulatory Plan (regulatory plan) Detailed construction plans (site plan) Urban planning and management (urban planning administration)
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Urban Planning
The level of urban planning system composed of City Development Strategy (strategy for urban developent) Urban functions (urban function) Urban Nature (designated function of city) City size (city size) Urban Development (direction for urban development) City Development Goals (goal for urban development)
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Urban Planning
Town Planning Regulations (legislation on urban planning) Planning approval process (procedure for approval of urban plan) Urban planning land management (urban planning land use administration) Site submissions (permission notes for location) Construction land use permit (land use permit) Urban planning and construction management (urban planning and development control) Construction project planning permit (building permit) Building area density (total floor space per hectare plot) Volume rate (plot ratio, floor area ratio) Building density (building density, building coverage) Road red line (boundary lines of roads) Property line (building ling) Gross population density (residential density) Net population density (net residential density) Distance between buildings (building interval) Sunshine Standards (insolation standard) Urban road area ratio (urban road area ratio) Green Rate (greening rate) Public Works (oudheg piotirow) Including: covers, trench cover, street lighting, water grate, green, and so building First level: municipalities and special administrative regions, GDP and urban population of more than 160 billion 200 million more than the city: Beijing, Tianjin, Shenyang, Dalian, Harbin, Jinan, Qingdao, Nanjing, Shanghai, Hangzhou, Wuhan, Guangzhou, Shenzhen , Hong Kong, Macau, Chongqing, Chengdu, Xian (18) Level: Other sub-provincial cities, special economic zones the city, the provincial capital, SU Xi Second City: Shijiazhuang, Changchun, Hohhot, Taiyuan, Zhengzhou, Hefei, Wuxi, Suzhou, Ningbo, Fuzhou, Xiamen, Nanchang, Changsha, Shantou, Zhuhai , Haikou, Sanya, Nanning, Guiyang, Kunming, Lhasa, Lanzhou, Xining, Yinchuan and Urumqi (25) III: 14 open coastal cities, economic development and high-income cities: Tangshan, Qinhuangdao, Zibo, Yantai, Weihai, Xuzhou, Lianyungang, Nantong, Zhenjiang, Changzhou, Jiaxing, Jinhua, Shaoxing, Taizhou, Wenzhou, Quanzhou , Dongguan, Huizhou, Foshan, Zhongshan, Jiangmen, Zhanjiang, Beihai, Guilin (24) Fourth level: more than 100 million other urban population, focusing on economic city Handan, Anshan, Fushun, Jilin, Qiqihar, Daqing, Baotou, Datong, Luoyang, Weifang, Wuhu, Yangzhou, Huzhou, Zunyi, Zhangzhou, Zhuzhou, Chaozhou, Liuzhou (18) Fifth Grade: Other well-known economic city, major transport hub cities - population of more than 50 million, major cities: Chengde, Baoding, Dandong, Kaifeng, Anyang, Taian, Rizhao, Bengbu, Huangshan, Taizhou, Putian, Nanping, Jiujiang, Yichang, Xiangfan, Yueyang, Zhaoqing, Leshan, Mianyang, Lijiang, Yan'an, Xianyang, Baoji (23) There are more than 108 cities, these cities are China's "108 Heroes", in other cities were the sixth grade.
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City History
History of urban development in China can be divided into five periods: period of the Origin and Early Development; feudal times, including before, during and after the three periods; modern period. First, the city of origin and initial development period Second, pre-feudal society, urban development Since the Spring and Autumn Period, China's move gradually toward the disintegration of slavery to the late Warring States Period, the feudal system finally has been established. This period is a social upheaval, during the great divide, but also economic and urban development of the most active period. Third, the mid-feudal society, urban development Generation, China's economic center of gravity in the north, the city's main distribution to the north. The late Eastern Han, Northern warlord, Huanghuai Valley was devastated. Although a short time later Jin unity, but soon after another northern region occupied by the nomads in remote areas, the economy has been devastated. In contrast, the southern region since the Kingdom of Wu after the progressive development of the economy, Tang later become a new economic center of gravity. Fourth, the late feudal society, urban development Fifth, the period of modern society The Opium War of 1840, invasion of foreign capital, "not only on the basis of China's feudal economy played a role in the disintegration, and gave the development of capitalist production in China created a certain objective conditions and may be" ("_Select_ed Works of Mao Zedong", the first 589). As the capitalist world the rise of the industrial revolution, the industrial production of new technologies and the wave of big machines also affected China, the pace of development of our cities than ever before. However, because our country is under semi-feudal society, the urbanization process in comparison with capitalist countries, but also very slow.
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Album
Album Title: City Artist: Zhang Xuan Language: Mandarin Record Label: Sony BMG Release date :2009-05-22 Album Description: City, when the case comes love Floating Life in the thousands of faces of all, let me grand because of you Deserts & Algae, the strength of four months of gestation sing the song ten One dedicated to "urban" album The first wave hit "Beautiful Woman" In the solitude and beautiful city, let us embrace, identity and love of the larger freedom ... ... [Track list] 01 on the I Love You 02 Beautiful Woman 03 Selling 04 children of southern 05 island clouds 06 in Song 07 Stay-oyster 08 city 09 Love, New Year 10 corner
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Economic Wikipedia
City: China's cities, the State administrative system established by the municipalities, cities and towns. Metropolitan urban and suburban areas is the non-agricultural population of more than 50 million people in the city; medium-sized city is the urban and suburban areas than non-agricultural population of 20 million people, 50 million people in the following cities; small city is the urban and peri-urban non-agricultural population of less than 20 million people in the city.
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Planning encyclopedia
City (town) city 【】 To the concept of non-farm sector and non-agricultural population is not clustered as the main feature of the _set_tlements. Including the establishment of the national administrative system of the city and town. 【Description】 city is definitely the region's economic, political and cultural center. The concept of the city's administration, in our country is the national administrative system established by the municipalities, cities and towns. Countries require the county seat of county government located towns.
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English Expression
n.: city, town, town mains, large and important town
French Expression
n. ville, cité
Thesaurus
Chan City, city, burgh, city, county borough, Group of things having a shared quality Town, Town city Subdistrict
Dubai