First, the basic definition of education
Education jiàoyù
1. [Education] personnel training, dissemination of knowledge work, mainly referring to school education
2. [Educate] teachings inspired to understand the reason
Education is a change in human understanding of the way the objective world, a positive guide human thought, understand and transform the world's active and effective way, from the perspective of the word, can affect the corresponding, from the derogatory term of the perspective of, can instigate evil corresponding.
Education is a human morality, science, technology, knowledge acquired, the spiritual realm of heritage and promotion of behavior, but also the transmission of human civilization. A kind of subjective ideology to properly change some other subjective ideological way. Is to change the thinking of other ideas and a scientific method. Education is also the most expensive defense system.
In short, the essential attribute of education, that education is an impact, a positive effect, a kind of human knowledge and transform the objective world and their positive impact. The ultimate goal of education is to teach is to not teach! The church its self-reflection self-management ability of the survival and development.
The meaning of education
Education is to promote human development and social progress for the purpose of imparting knowledge, experience as a means of cultivating people's social activities.
Education as
Education jiào yù
education
Training new generation ready to engage in social life, the whole process, mainly refers to the school for children, adolescents, youth culture process.
Broadly speaking, any increase people's knowledge and skills to influence people's moral character of the activities are educational.
Narrow education, mainly refers to school education, its meaning is the educator under certain social (or class) requirements, purposeful, planned, organized physical and psychological influence on the educated, and training them into a certain community (or class) the activities of people in need.
Second, the value of education
Based on 9 years of compulsory education, values education population is to solve moral, intellectual, physical and aesthetic education, labor education, science education, the original enlightenment. Encourage and help people have received education and acceptance of the basic skills of social life.
Subsequent secondary, universities and higher education, values education is to address people with basic research, practice, experiment, experiment, imitation, innovation and enlightenment. Encourage and help people with education and acceptance of scientific inventions and so forth, industrialization, standardization, information technology and other production practice basic skills.
Professional education and training, the value is for the community of industrialization, industrialization, economic development, a steady stream of skilled personnel to provide security. Encourage and help people understand the status of education technology jobs, job training posts, and candidates to accept various types of occupational status, access to post job basic skills.
Chinese saying goes: ten trees, takes a hundred years. Reveals that education's fundamental value, that is, to countries with high belief, high moral character, honesty and law-abiding, highly skilled, learned, and more specifically and more to talent, the country home, in order to create scientific knowledge and material wealth, and promote economic growth, promote national prosperity, and promote world peace and human development.
Third, raise the level of education
In general, the educational environment can be divided into: family environment, school environment, social environment.
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The aim of education can be understood as, for personal survival skills from the beginning, to the pursuit of national interests, national interests, continuing scientific and human destiny, happiness, security, high technology, for the benefit of mankind, no limit!
Science education is three-dimensional, it is divided into four levels: school education, family education, social education and self-education.
School education: that students quotient (IQ) enhancement for the purpose of educational activities.
Family Education: refers to students EQ (EQ) for the purpose of improvement of educational activities.
Social Education: refers to business students in Germany (MQ) for the purpose of the improvement of educational activities.
Self: Personal to improve their overall quality of education for the purpose of behavior.
Four levels interacting with each other, overlap and complement each other to form a complete educational system.
Narrow is the textbook materials. A course textbook is the core teaching materials.
Education refers to certain social conditions, according to the needs of the community, organized, and aimed a planned way educated systematic education and training, develop their physical and mentally.
Education
General education refers to all communication and learning achievements of human civilization - all kinds of knowledge, skills and experience of social life in order to promote individual socialization and social personalized social practice. And the two concepts are usually narrow. Produced in the initial stage of human society. Narrow education specifically refers to school education, that institutionalized education.
Introduction
Education process begins at birth and continued for life has been widely accepted. Some people even believe that education can begin much earlier, some parents let fetus in the womb listening to music and stories, I hope the development of an impact on children.
"Education" comes from the Latin word educare, meaning "leads."
Education has many functions:
• Ensure that human beings continue to promote human development function;
* To promote social development functions;
• Select functions.
Society according to level of education of talented people. People to achieve social status through education changes. Education with the emergence of human society emerged with the development of society and the development of human society has always been. The definition of education, understanding of different scholars from different countries. If the United States, Dewey said: "Education is life." Spencer, the UK, said: "Education and preparation for future life." Zhuang Li of China that "education is forced or guided by educators to accept specific knowledge, rules, information , skills, skills. "
Fourth, the type of education
Formal education
Social, group or private courses to educate people, usually young men. More systematic and complete formal education. The formal education system to impart the knowledge of good or valuable, but sometimes abused.
Adult Education
Lifelong education or adult education has been very popular in many countries. 'Education' was also seen as something for children, adult education, often branded as 'adult learning' or 'lifelong learning'.
Significance of adult education is the role of the adult person the burden of conducting a systematic continuous learning activities aimed at promoting knowledge, attitudes, values and skills of the change. <Darkenwald & Merrian,1982,P.9> was found early the only kind of literacy, to teach people the basic reading, writing and arithmetic skills, he gradually extended to changes in response to the needs of technology to enhance their knowledge and ability for the purpose.
Technology Education
Only provide for a special training, such as computers College. Technical schools to train personnel in different markets. Technical education to the students the opportunity to choose, it will increase the interest of scholars.
Fifth, the implementation of education
Marxist View of Education:
40 years since the 19th century, many writings of Marx and Engels proposed the initial concept of the Marxist theory of education (such as "Das Kapital", Volume 1, Chapter 13; "German Ideology", Volume 1, Part 1; "Critique of Gotha Program," Part 4; "the basic principles of communism"). It is gradually formed on this basis a more systematic education theory. Revolution and its Marxist educational needs of practice, greatly promoted the development of this theory (Lenin, Krupskaya, Bolangsiji, Makarenko). In fact, the basic Marxist educational theory is a theory of practice. This contributed to a number of important characters in Bebel, Jaures, Zetkin, Liebknecht, Gramsci, Langevin, Warren, Saaf. Many researchers currently are working to further develop this theory. The main components of the theory are the following: (1) shall be compulsory for all children, free public education to ensure elimination of the monopoly of culture or knowledge to eliminate all the privileges of education. In the original formulation, this can only be a run by various public institutions of education. So this was mentioned, is to prevent the working class, poor living conditions hinder the overall development of children. Later, clearly put forward other objectives, such as to weaken the family's role in social reproduction, must be based on equal conditions to foster children, must use the power of social groups. Undoubtedly, the most successful revolutionary educational experiments, from Makarenko school to school in Cuba, according to social programs are carried out. (2) Education and the combination of material production (or Marx's words, is the intellectual, physical and production work together). Including the goal here is neither for better vocational training, nor is the inculcation of professional ethics, but rather to ensure that everyone fully understand the production process to eliminate physical and mental, between the concept and practice of history between the formation of gap. The correctness of this principle in theory, although it is widely recognized, but its use has raised many questions (many halfway died or only part of the success of the experiment on the proof of this), which in science and rapid technological change conditions, in particular. (3) Education must ensure the comprehensive development. With the new combinations of science and production, one can become a full sense of the producers. On this basis, all the people both men and women, its potential can be displaying. This will see a general need in the world Nenggou 满足, Shi individuals in, entertainment, culture of creation and Xiangshou, social Sheng Huo's Shen Yu, Ren Yi Ji self-realization of interpersonal communication (Zishen create) Deng social life to display their various Fangmianchongfen. This goal, in particular, need to change the social division of labor, which is a difficult task, so far only in the opening stages. (4) community in the education process have been given a new role. Relationships within the group of schools that change (from competition to cooperation and support) means that the relationship between schools and society will become more open, and to promote mutual learning and positive relationship with the premise. The theory outlined above is not the end. On the basis of these principles to the interpretation or practice carried out by the above principles, there are still many dilemmas. Between Marxism and the Marxist and non-Marxists, between the following issues are being debated: the question of the human personality; "nature and education" issue; schools and popular education in the context of social determinism the possibility of innovation; and education content, methods, structures in the promotion of social change in relative importance. (ZF) References 1M.W. Appel: "Ideology and the curriculum," English in 1979. 2 Austrian Bebel: "Women and Socialism" (1879), 1886 English version. 3P. Bull and JC Pase Long lost: "educational, social and cultural reproduction," English in 1979. 4S. Bowles and H. Gintis: "Capitalism American education," English in 1976. 5 兹苏萨弗吉: "Formation of Society", 1979, in English, Chapter 4. 6 Paul Luofuleier: "The Pedagogy of the oppressed," English in 1970. 7, Antonio Gramsci: "Alternative Education", the Italian edition in 1973. 8 to Jaures: "Socialism and Education" in French in 1899. 9 Paul Erlang of 10,000: "Thought and Action", 1950, French. 10 Fulieliening: "On policy issues the Ministry of Education" (1913), 1963 English version. 11 Ibid author: "Youth of the task" (1920), 1966 English version. 12 Ibid author: "About Integrated Technology Education 娜捷施达康斯坦 Dingnuofuna outline view" (1920), 1966 English version. 13D. Lindenberg: "The Communist International and class schools" in French in 1972. 14M.A. Manacorda: "Marx and Modern Education," the Italian version of 1966.
6, the history of education
Europe
In the West, the origin of education by religious organizations of great influence: the Fathers recognized the importance of education to establish school system. In Europe, many universities have a Catholic background first. Scotland after the Reformation created a new National Church of Scotland.
China
China's education began in the Chinese classical works, not a religious organization. Early Chinese officials appointed by the education management empire to the imperial examination system for selecting officials, was established in the Sui Dynasty, Tang Dynasty, Emperor Taizong improved examination system. Until the late Qing Dynasty in 1905 repealed and replaced by Western education.
Japan
Japan's education is closely related to the origin and religion. School is to train to become Buddhist monks wanted to study young people's temple. Later, the children would want to learn to "Tera-koya" (meaning temple huts), learn how to read and write Japanese.
India
The institutionalization of education in India has a long history.
Recent trends in world education
In the past few decades, were not any school education decreased the percentage of illiterate population. From 36% in 1960 to 25% in 2000.
In developing countries, the percentage of illiteracy in 2000 only half of 1970. In developed countries, illiteracy has dropped from 6% to 1%, were not of school education from 5% to 2%.
7, educational theory (education discipline system)
* Philosophy of Education
* The basic theory of education
• Education Law
• Education Management
• Information Technology Education
* Educational Technology, Educational Technology
* Educational Technology
• Education Economics
* Educational Psychology
* Sociology of Education
• Education Futures
* School of Health Studies
* Comparative Education
• Education statistics
* Education and Communication
* Effectiveness of school education
• Teaching Science
* Educational Assessment Study
8, educational institutions
* Nursery
* Kindergarten
* Primary School
* Junior
* Secondary School
* Junior High School
* Senior Vocational School
* Institute of Technology
* College
* University
* Library
* Training
* Tutorial
* Ministry of Education
IX Classification of Education
* Filial piety education
* Moral Education
* Prenatal
* Early Childhood Education
* Classical Education
* Primary Education
* Secondary Education
* Higher Education
* Graduate Education
* Undergraduate education, university education
* Higher Education
* Specialist Education
* Compulsory
* Life-long education
* Vocational Education
* Adult Education
* Cadre Education
* Distance Education
* Correspondence
* Work-study education
* Mathematics Education
* Language Education
* Reading Education
* Science Education
* Information Technology in Education
* Social Science Education
* Art Education
* Family Education
* Special Education
* Gifted Education
* Supplementary Education
* Sex
1) means:
Education is to cultivate people's social practice.
General education refers to all purposeful physical development affect human social practice.
The narrow sense refers to school education, primary education, that educators, social requirements and according to certain laws of development of the educated, purposeful, planned, organized physical and psychological influence on the educated, the educated of the expected changes in expectations activities.
Education is a social phenomenon unique to human society, with the emergence of human society, development and production, developed (with human society, there is education).
2) Education features:
The characteristics of the original form of education: first, the integration of education with production and living, education, mainly for the production and life experience. Second, education means a single, limited to word of mouth. Third, education, equal rights, education, unity of purpose.
Morphological characteristics of ancient education: a school education has become the main form of education. Second, the school has a distinct class and hierarchy. Third, school education and the separation of productive labor. Fourth, the development of education is relatively slow.
The characteristics of the modern form of education: first, the secularization of education. Second, the nationalization of education. Third, the legal system of education. 4, primary obligation of. 5, school type diversification.
Under the concept of lifelong education in the contemporary forms of education: first, lifelong education. Second, education of all citizens. Third, democratization of education. Fourth, the integration of education.
3) the function of education:
Means: the effectiveness of educational activities and functions.
Including: the development of functional and social development of individual functions (education, economic functions, political functions, cultural functions).
Education first and foremost function is to promote individual development. The most basic function of education is affecting economic development. The most direct function of education is to influence political developments. Education is the most far-reaching impact of cultural development function.
10, education-related laws
The People's Republic of China Education Law
The People's Republic of China Compulsory Education Law
Vocational Education Law of the People's Republic
The People's Republic of China Private Education Promotion Law
Related to education law
The People's Republic of China Law on the Protection of Minors
The People's Republic of China did not prevent adult crime law
The People's Republic of China National Common Language Law
Educational Administration and regulations
National primary and secondary school pupils are temporary work regulations
Interim Provisions of the State Council levy extra charges for education
Literacy work regulations
Nursery work regulations
Sports Work
School health regulations
Prohibit the use of child labor regulations
Teaching Achievement Award Regulations
Disabled Education Ordinance
Teacher Certification Regulations
Local education laws and regulations
Hebei Province, Chinese Language Application Management Ordinance
Hebei Province, the implementation of "The People's Republic of China Compulsory Education Law" approach
Hebei Province, the implementation of "Law of the People's Republic of teachers" approach
Hebei Province, the implementation of "The People's Republic of China Vocational Education Law" means
Hebei Province, the implementation of "The People's Republic of China Law on the Protection of Minors" approach
Hebei Province-the-job staff of the Education Ordinance
Compulsory Education Financing in Hebei Province to use regulations
Educational Administration regulations and other regulatory documents
Nursery work procedures
Management of the primary rules
Interim order special schools
Interim Procedures for Migrating Children
School Librarians (E) of order
The provisions of Laboratory Schools
Ordinary primary and secondary textbooks published regulations
Ordinary primary and secondary audio and video materials recorded distribution complex regulations published
Schools EDUCATIONAL order
Interim Regulations on Secondary School Class
Primary and Secondary School Provisional Regulations on Environmental Management
Interim Measures of ordinary high school fees
Primary and secondary school finance system
Interim Provisions of educational supervision
High School Assessment model acceptance criteria
The provisions of Continuous Education of Teachers
Principal training requirements
Post primary school teachers tried Ordinance
Post secondary school teachers tried Ordinance
11, vocational education, professional class
National Translation Certificate Examination (NAETI)
CGFNS (U.S. nursing exam)
National Qualification Examination for price appraisers guide
Members of the quality of customs examination qualifying examination
Registered structural engineer supervising engineer
Teacher Qualification Examination practitioners
Nurse Practitioners Licensing Examination for Pharmacist Examination
Property Management Division Civil Service Examinations
ISO9000 internal auditor business administration NVQ
National Vocational Chinese Proficiency Test (ZHC) of the Police recruit
Research analyst registration Constructor
Web Designer Human Resource Management
IELTS TOEFL
3D Modeling Engineer
12, reading education
Opening - Reasons to promote children's reading
Although far ancestors, worship is not dishonest. Children are stupid, they must read.
London waste by waste, deterioration of law root cause. Tan Tianchi slow, the reasons people fall.
For cause of peace and harmony must start from the root. Figure pull raging tide of crime, only Minglun and filial piety.
Fundamental mistake to Zhimo, recognized as a fundamental Zhimo. Seeking to solve the problem, and have actually create problems.
Only service this gentleman, this service Bangguo from Ning.
The common saying goes: [teach children babies, early to teach women], children by nature are not contaminated before, good words easy to enter; preconceptions, and their long and not volatile; enemies of benevolence, confidence, the time required to train young; where the parents in their children when young, that is, when taught to recite the classic, to foster the fundamental wisdom and courage of your convictions; also knows the reason for retribution, Dunlun do per Road; if a small child, not teach, let it grow up the habit has become, could do nothing wrong!
Three Character Classic, said: [support does not teach, the father had; lax in teaching, teachers lazy. ]; [To teach the road, you to post. ] Instead of Bo and miscellaneous; it a classic, should recite from 100 to 1000 times, Su says: [100 back tire of reading books, familiar food for thought child knowing. ] Is now teaching in Botswana and miscellaneous bad and does not cause moral and students re-reading, concentration of the culture, to have the bitter fruit of today is ... .... Look forward to wise parents and teachers, deep body of Sri Lanka aims; This is the lifeblood of Chinese culture, Chinese children and grandchildren can enjoy the peace of the key length, there are eye who, when the see this.
13, Religious Education
Modern people have a hard invisible, inexplicable pressure - hard, stuck in the whirlpool of emotions - pain, pressure of work - hard, forcing poor body - pain, all suffering, surrounded by almost all the time around, not careful, they will be tied to the body hard.
But I do not know how to entertain those afflicted, and accumulated in one, we will feel life getting boring. Lost focus and direction in life, we must inevitably fall into lost, anxious, helpless ... and can really resolve the depression, eliminate dust, the only way to guide misery - religious education.
Unfortunately, many people mistaken religion is superstition. In fact, religion is not superstition, nor philosophy, nor polytheism, which is a form of education. Education, how we physically and mentally in this life had a stable life, teaches us how to do good and do good man, improve the quality of life, away from the pain and live a happy successful lives. Here, we collect recorded nine religious doctrine and spirit, blessing you can be helpless in a bright light to guide you to a firm and sincere faith and spirituality, Looking bright life. |
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