Yu Wei Holy Spirit Chubi things, would be willing to decaying days of the year unfortunately!
Yun Wang Qinling home that? Fan blue off the snow before the horse is not.
Zhiru much to be interested, I received a good bone malaria River.
【Writing in Vernacular Chinese】 早朝时一封谏迎佛骨的奏疏,激起天子的暴怒,傍晚降下圣旨将我贬谪到遥远的潮州。
想为国家革除有害的弊政竟遭此横祸,木已成舟怎敢爱惜自己的残生。
终南山白云漠漠遮断家乡的去路,韶关大雪纷飞马都不肯向前。
我知你远道而来自有一番情意,前途未测准备在这瘴疠之地收拾我的尸骨吧。
【Notes】 湘,愈侄十二郎之子
1、一封朝奏九重天:九重天指在朝中提出谏书。古时臣子向皇帝上书,事先封好。此指韩愈上的《论佛骨表》。
2、九重天:指皇帝的宫殿。
3、弊政:对国家有害的事,指迎佛骨一事。元和十四年正月,唐宪宗派宦官和和尚从凤翔法门寺,将释迦摩尼的指骨一节迎到长安宫廷供奉,三天后又送往长安各寺庙,于是京城掀起一股宗教迷信之风。韩愈上表请求制止。
4、秦岭:即终南山。
【Review】 韩愈一生,以辟佛为己任,晚年上《论佛骨表》,力谏宪宗“迎佛骨人大内”,触犯“人主之怒”,几被定为死罪,经裴度等人说情,才由刑部侍郎贬为潮州刺史。
潮州在今广东东部,距当时京师长安确有八千里之遥,那路途的困顿是可想而知的。当韩愈到达离京师不远的蓝田县时,他的侄孙韩湘,赶来同行。韩愈此时,悲歌当哭,慷慨激昂地写下这首名篇。
首联直写自己获罪被贬的原因。他很有气概地说,这个“罪”是自己主动招来的。就因那“一封书”之罪,所得的命运是“朝奏”而“夕贬”。且一贬就是八千里。但是既本着“佛如有灵,能作祸祟,凡有殃咎,宜加臣身”(《论佛骨表》)的精神,则虽遭获严谴亦无怨悔。
三、四句直书“除弊事”,认为自己是正确的,申述了自己忠而获罪和非罪远谪的愤慨,真有胆气。尽管招来一场弥天大祸,他还是“肯将衰朽惜残年”,且老而弥坚,使人如见到他的刚直不阿之态。
五、六句就景抒情,情悲且壮。韩愈在一首哭女之作中写道:“以罪贬潮州刺史,乘驿赴任;其后家亦谴逐,小女道死,殡之层峰驿旁山下。”可知他当日仓猝先行,告别妻儿时的心情若何。韩愈为上表付出了惨痛的代价,“家何在”三字中,有他的血泪。
此两句一回顾,一前瞻。“秦岭”指终南山。云横而不见家,亦不见长安:“总为浮云能蔽日,长安不见使人愁”(李白诗),何况天子更在“九重”之上,岂能体恤下情?他此时不独系念家人,更多的是伤怀国事。“马不前”用古乐府:“驱马涉阴山,山高马不前”意。他立马蓝关,大雪寒天,联想到前路的艰危。“马不前”三字,露出英雄失路之悲。
结语沉痛而稳重。《左传·僖公三十二年》记老臣蹇叔哭师时有:“必死是间,余收尔骨焉”之语,韩愈用其意,向侄孙从容交代后事,语意紧扣第四句,进一步吐露了凄楚难言的激愤之情。
从思想上看,此诗与《论佛骨表》,一诗一文,可称双璧,很能表现韩愈思想中进步的一面。
就艺术上看,此诗是韩诗七律中佳作。其特点诚如何焯所评“沉郁顿挫”,风格近似杜甫。沉郁指其风格的沉雄,感情的深厚抑郁,而顿挫是指其手法的高妙:笔势纵横,开合动荡。如“朝奏”、“夕贬”、“九重天”、“路八千”等,对比鲜明,高度概括。一上来就有高屋建瓴之势。三、四句用“流水对”,十四字形成一整体,紧紧承接上文,令人有浑成之感。五、六句宕开一笔,写景抒情,“云横雪拥”,境界雄阔。“横”状广度,“拥”状高度,二字皆下得极有力。故全诗大气磅礴,卷洪波巨澜于方寸,能产生撼动人心的力量。
此诗虽追步杜甫,但能变化而自成面目,表现出韩愈以文为诗的特点。律诗有谨严的格律上的要求,而此诗仍能以“文章之法”行之,而且用得较好。好在虽有“文”的特点,如表现在直叙的方法上,虚词的运用上(“欲为”、“肯将”之类)等;同时亦有诗歌的特点,表现在形象的塑造上(特别是五、六一联,于苍凉的景色中有诗人自己的形象)和沉挚深厚的感情的抒发上。全诗叙事、写景、抒情融合为一,诗味浓郁,诗意盎然。
(钱仲联 徐永端)
And when I reached the temple, bats were in the dusk.
I climbed to the hall, sat on the steps, and drank the rain- washed air
Among the round gardenia-pods and huge bananaleaves.
On the old wall, said the priest, were Buddhas finely painted,
And he brought a light and showed me, and I called them wonderful
He spread the bed, dusted the mats, and made my supper ready,
And, though the food was coarse, it satisfied my hunger.
At midnight, while I lay there not hearing even an insect,
The mountain moon with her pure light entered my door....
At dawn I left the mountain and, alone, lost my way:
In and out, up and down, while a heavy mist
Made brook and mountain green and purple, brightening everything.
I am passing sometimes pines and oaks, which ten men could not girdle,
I am treading pebbles barefoot in swift-running water --
Its ripples purify my ear, while a soft wind blows my garments....
These are the things which, in themselves, make life happy.
Why should we be hemmed about and hampered with people?
O chosen pupils, far behind me in my own country,
What if I spent my old age here and never went back home?
【Writing in Vernacular Chinese】 山石峥嵘险峭,山路狭窄象羊肠,蝙蝠穿飞的黄昏,来到这座庙堂。
登上庙堂坐台阶,刚下透雨一场,经雨芭蕉枝粗叶大,山栀更肥壮。
僧人告诉我说,古壁佛画真堂皇,用火把照看,迷迷糊糊看不清爽。
为我铺好床席,又准备米饭菜汤,饭菜虽粗糙,却够填饱我的饥肠。
夜深清静好睡觉,百虫停止吵嚷,明月爬上了山头,清辉泻入门窗。
天明我独自离去,无法辨清路向,出入雾霭之中,我上下摸索踉跄。
山花鲜红涧水碧绿,光泽又艳繁,时见松栎粗大十围,郁郁又苍苍。
遇到涧流当道,光着脚板踏石淌,水声激激风飘飘,掀起我的衣裳。
人生在世能如此,也应自得其乐,何必受到约束,宛若被套上马缰?
唉呀,我那几个情投意合的伙伴,怎么能到年老,还不再返回故乡?
【Notes】 1.本篇当作于贞元十七年(801)七月。当时作者在洛阳。
2.荦确:凹凸不平貌。行径微:山路狭窄。
3.支子:一作栀子。
4.疏粝:糙米饭。
5.松枥:松树和枥树。
6.靰(ji):马络头。
7.不更归:即更不归,仍不归。归:归乡。
【Review】 此诗颇显韩愈"以文为诗"特色。他用散文化的语汇、句法、章法写诗,不用或少用比兴、象征、想像、夸张等修辞手段,不用跳跃的句法和章法,而是采用"赋" 的表现方法,平实地记叙事情的过程。全诗二十一句,不换韵,一韵到底。描写他在某一天下午游山,在山寺里住了一夜,次日早晨出山归家途中的所见所感。首句表面是写山路崎岖不平,实际也暗示了全诗的风格──荦确不平。从第二句起,诗人就不写白昼而写黄昏,不写山鸟山花而写夜精灵蝙蝠,以及若有若无的古壁佛画,阗寂无声的静夜,清凉的月色等,从而使人强烈地感受到深山古寺的幽静神秘。天亮了,诗人在山中独自漫步,此时他是这深山老林中唯一的人类,他得以尽情地享受自由自在地徜徉于自然之中的况味:信步走去,连路不路的问题也不必考虑了,他四顾这山红涧碧、松枥十围、水声激激、烟霞烂漫的景色,全然陶醉于远离尘嚣的"自乐"之中。
最后,他还是想到了仕与隐这个永远令人困惑的问题。此时的韩愈,进士及第已经快十年了,但连个正式的官职都没有,给人家当了几年幕僚,很没意思。此时他辞了幕职,途经洛阳,游山遣兴。自然和自由固然好,但求仕之心还是怎么也放不下。所以才有"安得至老不更归"的感叹和疑问。
初、盛唐人作七言古体,往往喜欢用一些对偶句,但韩愈的七古却绝对不用对偶句。这也是他"以文为诗"的一个特征。此诗依次叙述,无论从时间的顺序还是空间的移动来看,都好像自然而然,漫不经心的。但仔细琢磨,却发现诗人是处处有照应的:"无道路"照应"行径微";"出入高下"照应"山石荦确";"当流赤足"照应" 新雨足";"黄昏"与"天明"、"无所见"与"时见"等等,皆对照呼应。前人也注意到这种有意无意的写法,《韩柳诗选》云:"句烹字炼而无雕琢之迹,缘其于淡中设色,朴处生姿耳"。清何焯《义门读书记》评此诗云:"直书即目,无意求工,而文自至。"
由此诗也颇可体会韩诗宏伟奇崛的风格。元好问《论诗绝句》三十首中有一首将此诗与秦观诗比较:"有情芍药含春泪,无力蔷薇卧晚枝。拈出退之山石句,始知渠是女郎诗。"略可说明秦、韩之诗有阴柔与阳刚之别。
[鉴赏]
诗以开头“山石”二字为题,却并不是歌咏山石,而是一篇叙写游踪的诗。这诗汲取了散文中有悠久传统的游记文的写法,按照行程的顺序,叙写从“黄昏到寺”、“夜深静卧”到“天明独去”的所见、所闻和所感,是一篇诗体的山水游记。在韩愈以前,记游诗一般都是截取某一侧面,选取某一重点,因景抒情。汲取游记散文的特点,详记游踪,而又诗意盎然,《山石》是有独创性的。
按照时间顺序依次记述游踪,很容易弄成流水账。诗人手段高明,他象电影摄影师选好外景,人物在前面活动,摄影机在后面推、拉、摇、跟,一个画面接着一个画面,在我们眼前出现。每一画面,都有人有景有情,构成独特的意境。全诗主要记游山寺,一开头,只用“山石荦确行径微”一句,概括了到寺之前的行程,而险峻的山石,狭窄的山路,都随着诗中主人公的攀登而移步换形。这一句没有写人,但第二句“黄昏到寺蝙蝠飞”中的“到寺”二字,就补写了人,那就是来游的诗人。而且,说第一句没写人,那只是说没有明写;实际上,那山石的荦确和行径的细微,都是主人公从那里经过时看到的和感到的,正是通过这些主观感受的反映,表现他在经过了一段艰苦的翻山越岭,黄昏之时,才到了山寺。“黄昏”,怎么能够变成可见可感的清晰画面呢?他巧妙地选取了一个“蝙蝠飞”的镜头,让那只有在黄昏之时才会出现的蝙蝠在寺院里盘旋,就立刻把诗中主人公和山寺,统统笼罩于幽暗的暮色之中。“黄昏到寺”,当然先得找寺僧安排食宿,所以就出现了主人公“升堂”的镜头。主人公是来游览的,游兴很浓,“升堂”之后,立刻退出来坐在堂前的台阶上,欣赏那院子里的花木,“芭蕉叶大栀子肥”的画面,也就跟着展开。因为下过一场透雨,芭蕉的叶显得更大更绿,栀子花开得更盛更香更丰美。“大“和“肥”,这是很寻常的字眼,但用在芭蕉叶和栀子花上,特别是用在“新雨足”的芭蕉叶和栀子花上,就突出了客观景物的特征,增强了形象的鲜明性,使人情不自禁地要赞美它们。
时间在流逝,栀子花、芭蕉叶终于隐没于夜幕之中。于是热情的僧人便凑过来助兴,夸耀寺里的“古壁佛画好”,并拿来火把,领客人去观看。这当儿,菜饭已经摆上了,床也铺好了,连席子都拂拭干净了。寺僧的殷勤,宾主感情的融洽,也都得到了形象的体现。“疏粝亦足饱我饥”一句,图画性当然不够鲜明,但这是必不可少的。它既与结尾的“人生如此自可乐,岂必局束为人”相照应,又说明主人公游山,已经费了很多时间,走了不少路,因而饿得很。
写夜宿只用了两句。“夜深静卧百虫绝”,表现了山寺之夜的清幽。“夜深”而百虫之声始“绝”,那么在“夜深”之前,百虫自然在各献特技,合奏夜鸣曲,主人公也在欣赏夜鸣曲。正象“鸟鸣山更幽”一样,山寺之夜,百虫合奏夜鸣曲,就比万籁俱寂还显得幽静,而静卧细听百虫合奏的主人公,也自然万虑俱消,心境也空前清静。夜深了,百虫绝响了,接踵而来的则是“清月出岭光入扉”,主人公又兴致勃勃地隔窗赏月了。他刚才静卧细听百虫鸣叫的神态,也在“清月出岭光入扉”的一刹那显现于我们眼前。
作者所游的是洛阳北面的惠林寺,同游者是李景兴、侯喜、尉迟汾,时间是唐德宗贞元十七年(801)农历七月二十二日。农谚有云:“二十一、二、三,月出鸡叫唤。”可见诗中所说的“光入扉”的“清月”,乃是下弦月,她爬出山岭,照进窗扉,已经鸣叫头遍了。主人公再欣赏一阵,就该天亮了。写夜宿只两句,却不仅展现出几个有声有色的画面,表现了主人公彻夜未睡,陶醉于山中夜景的情怀,而且水到渠成,为下面写离寺早行作好了过渡。“天明”以下六句,
写离寺早行,跟着时间的推移和主人公的迈步向前,画面上的光、色、景物在不断变换,引人入胜。“天明独去无道路”,“无道路”指天刚破晓,雾气很浓,看不清道路,所以接下去,就是“出入高下穷烟霏”的镜头。主人公“天明”出发,眼前是一片“烟霏”的世界,不管是山的高处还是低处,全都浮动着蒙蒙雾气。在浓雾中摸索前进,出于高处,入于低处,出于低处,又入于高处,时高时低,时低时高。此情此境,岂不是饶有诗味,富于画意吗?烟霏既尽,朝阳熠耀,画面顿时增加亮度,“山红涧碧纷烂漫”的奇景就闯入主人公的眼帘。而“时见松枥皆十围”,既为那“山红涧碧纷烂漫”的画面添景增色,又表明主人公在继续前行。他穿行于松栎树丛之中,清风拂衣,泉声淙淙,清浅的涧水十分可爱。于是他赤着一双脚,涉过山涧,让清凉的涧水从足背上流淌,整个身心都陶醉在大自然的美妙境界中了。诗写到下山为止,游踪所及,逐次以画面展现,象旅游纪录影片,随着游人的前进,一个个有声有色有人有景的镜头不断转换。结尾四句,总结全诗,所以姑且叫做“主题歌”。“人生如此”,概括了此次出游山寺的全部经历,然后用“自可乐”加以肯定。后面的三句诗,以“为人”的幕僚生活作反衬,表现了对山中自然美、人情美的无限向往,从而强化了全诗的艺术魅力。
这首诗为传统的纪游诗开拓了新领域,它汲取了山水游记的特点,按照行程的顺序逐层叙写游踪。然而却不象记流水账那样呆板乏味,其表现手法是巧妙的。此诗虽说是逐层叙写,仍经过严格的选择和经心的提炼。如从“黄昏到寺”到就寝之前,实际上的所经所见所闻所感当然很多,但摄入镜头的,却只有“蝙蝠飞”、“芭蕉叶大栀子肥”、寺僧陪看壁画和“铺床拂席置羹饭”等殷勤款待的情景,因为这体现了山中的自然美和人情美,跟“为人”的幕僚生活相对照,使诗人萌发了归耕或归隐的念头,是结尾“主题歌”所以形成的重要根据。关于夜宿和早行,所摄者也只是最能体现山野的自然美和自由生活的那些镜头,同样是结尾的主题歌所以形成的重要根据。
再说,按行程顺序叙写,也就是按时间顺序叙写,时间不同,天气的阴晴和光线的强弱也不同。这篇诗的突出特点,就在于诗人善于捕捉不同景物在特定时间、特定天气里所呈现的不同光感、不同湿度和不同色调。如用“新雨足”表明大地的一切刚经过雨水的滋润和洗涤;这才写主人公于苍茫暮色中赞赏“芭蕉叶大栀子肥”,而那芭蕉叶和栀子花也就带着它们在雨后日暮之时所特有的光感、湿度和色调,呈现于我们眼前。写月而冠以“清”字,表明那是“新雨”之后的月儿。写朝景,新奇而多变。因为他不是写一般的朝景,而是写山中雨后的朝景。他先以“天明独去无道路”一句,总括了山中雨霁,地面潮湿,黎明之时,浓雾弥漫的特点,然后用“出入高下穷烟霏”一句,画出了雾中早行图。“烟霏”既“穷”,阳光普照,就看见涧水经雨而更深更碧,山花经雨而更红更亮。于是用“山红涧碧”加以概括。山红而涧碧,红碧相辉映,色彩已很明丽。但由于诗人敏锐地把握了雨后天晴,秋阳照耀下的山花、涧水所特有的光感、湿度和色调,因而感到光用“红”、“碧”还很不够,又用“纷烂漫”加以渲染,才把那“山红涧碧”的美景表现得鲜艳夺目。
这篇诗,极受后人重视,影响深远。苏轼与友人游南溪,解衣濯足,朗诵《山石》,慨然知其所以乐,因而依照原韵,作诗抒怀。他还写过一首七绝:“荦确何人似退之,意行无路欲从谁?宿云解驳晨光漏,独见山红涧碧诗。”诗意、词语,都从《山石》化出。金代元好问论诗绝句云:“有情芍药含春泪,无力蔷薇卧晚枝。拈出退之《山石》句,始知渠是女郎诗。”他的《中州集》壬集第九(拟栩先生王中立传)说:“予尝从先生学,问作诗究竟当如何?先生举秦少游《春雨》诗为证,并云:此诗非不工,若以退之芭蕉叶大栀子肥之句校之,则《春雨》为妇人语矣。”可见此诗气势遒劲,风格壮美,一直为后人所称道。
(霍松林)
A clear wind blows across the sky, and the moon widens its wave,
The sand is smooth, the water still, no sound and no shadow,
As I offer you a cup of wine, asking you to sing.
But so sad is this song of yours and so bitter your voice
That before I finish listening my tears have become a rain:
"Where Lake Dongting is joined to the sky by the lofty Nine-Doubt Mountain,
Dragons, crocodiles, rise and sink, apes, flying foxes, whimper....
At a ten to one risk of death, I have reached my official post,
Where lonely I live and hushed, as though I were in hiding.
I leave my bed, afraid of snakes; I eat, fearing poisons;
The air of the lake is putrid, breathing its evil odours....
Yesterday, by the district office, the great drum was announcing
The crowning of an emperor, a change in the realm.
The edict granting pardons runs three hundred miles a day,
All those who were to die have had their sentences commuted,
The unseated are promoted and exiles are recalled,
Corruptions are abolished, clean officers appointed.
My superior sent my name in but the governor would not listen
And has only transferred me to this barbaric place.
My rank is very low and useless to refer to;
They might punish me with lashes in the dust of the street.
Most of my fellow exiles are now returning home –
A journey which, to me, is a heaven beyond climbing."
...Stop your song, I beg you, and listen to mine,
A song that is utterly different from yours:
"Tonight is the loveliest moon of the year.
All else is with fate, not ours to control;
But, refusing this wine, may we choose more tomorrow?"
【Writing in Vernacular Chinese】 薄薄云丝四面散去,天上不见银河,空中清风飘飘,月光如荡漾的水波。
沙岸平展湖水宁静,声影都已消歇,斟一杯美酒,我劝你应该对月高歌。
你的歌声过分辛酸,歌辞也真悲苦,我实在不能听下去,早就泪落如雨。
洞庭湖波涛连天,九疑山高峻无比,蛟龙在水中出没,猩鼯在山间啼号。
九死一生,我才到达被贬谪的去处,蛰居荒僻,默默受苦有如罪犯藏逃。
下床常常怕蛇咬,吃饭时时怕中毒,近海地湿蛰伏蛇虫,到处熏散腥臊。
郴州府门前的大鼓,昨日捶个不停,新皇继位,定要举用贤能夔和皋陶。
大赦的文书,一日万里地传送四方,罪犯递减一等,死罪免死改为流放。
贬谪的改为追回,流放的也被召还,涤荡污秽瑕垢,改革弊端清理朝班。
刺史为我申报了,却被观察使扣压,命运坎坷,只得移向那偏僻的荆蛮。
做个判司卑职的小官,真不堪说起,一有过错未免要挨打,而跪伏在地。
当时一起贬谪的人,大都已经启程,进身朝廷之路实在艰险,难以攀登。
请你暂且停一停,听我也来唱一唱,我的歌比起你的歌,情调很不一样。
一年中的月色,只有今夜最美最多,人生全由天命注定,不在其他原因,有酒不饮,如何对得起这明月光景。
【Notes】 1、属:倾注,此指劝酒。
2、九疑:九疑山,即苍梧山,在今湖南省宁远县。
3、嗣皇:指唐宪宗。
4、天路:指进身朝庭之途。
【Review】 这首诗表达的是诗人对人生的感慨,以一种无可奈何的心情,用“人生由命”的宿命观慰藉友人,并自我解嘲。
[题解]
唐贞元十九年(803)韩愈与张署皆任监察御史。曾因天旱向德宗进言,极论宫市之弊,韩被贬为阳山(广东阳山)县令,张被贬为临武(湖南临武)县令。贞元廿一年(805)正月,顺宗即位,二月甲子大赦。八月宪宗又即位,又大赦天下。两次大赦由于湖南观察使扬恁的从中作梗,他们均未能调回京都,只改官江陵。先因直谏遭贬,后又受抑于扬恁,适逢中秋良夜,身处羁旅客馆,举头望月之际,心中感触万分,不能不遣怀笔端了。此诗笔调近似散文,语言古朴,直陈其事。诗中写“君歌”、“我歌” 和衷共诉,尽致淋漓。开首四句,恰似序文,铺叙环境:清风明月,万籁俱寂。接着写张署所歌内容:叙述谪迁之苦,宦途险恶,令人落泪。最后写“我歌”,却只写月色,人生有命,应借月色开怀痛饮等等,故作旷达。明写张功曹谪迁赦回经历艰难,实则自述同病相怜之困苦。全诗抑扬开阖,波澜曲折。音节多变,韵脚灵活。既雄浑恣肆,又宛转流畅,极好地表达了诗人感情的变化。
[鉴赏]
这首诗以近散文化的笔法,古朴的语言,直陈其事,主客互相吟诵诗句,一唱一和,我中有你,你中有我,衷情互诉,洒脱疏放,别具一格。
诗里写了张署的“君歌”和作者的“我歌”。题为“ 赠张功曹 ”,却没有以“我歌”作为描写的重点,而是反客为主,把“君歌”作为主要内容,借张署之口,浇诗人胸中之块垒。
诗的前四句描写八月十五日夜主客对饮的环境,如文的小序:碧空无云,清风明月,万籁俱寂。在这样的境界中,两个遭遇相同的朋友怎能不举杯痛饮,慷慨悲歌呢?韩愈是一个很有抱负的人,在三十二岁的时候,曾表示过“报国心皎洁,念时涕汍澜”。他不仅有忧时报国之心,而且有改革政治的才干。贞元十九年(803 )天旱民饥,当时任监察御史的韩愈和张署,直言劝谏唐德宗减免关中徭赋,触怒权贵,两人同时被贬往南方,韩愈任阳山(今属广东)令,张署任临武(今属湖南)令。直至唐宪宗大赦天下时,他们仍不能回到中央任职。韩愈改官江陵府(今湖北江陵)法曹参军,张署改官江陵府功曹参军。得到改官的消息,韩愈心情很复杂,于是借中秋之夜,对饮赋诗抒怀,并赠给同病相怜的张署。
诗的开头在描写月夜环境之后,用“一杯相属君当歌”一转,引出了张署的悲歌,是全诗的主要部分。诗人先写自己对张署“歌”的感受:说它声音酸楚,言辞悲苦,因而“不能听终泪如雨”,和盘托出二人心境相同,感动极深。
张署的歌,首先叙述了被贬南迁时经受的苦难,山高水阔,路途漫长,蛟龙出没,野兽悲号,地域荒僻,风波险恶。好不容易“十生九死到官所”,而到达贬所更是“幽居默默如藏逃”。接着又写南方偏远之地多毒蛇 ,“ 下床”都可畏,出门行走就更不敢了;且有一种蛊药之毒,随时可以制人死命,饮食要非常小心,还有那湿蛰腥臊的“海气”,也令人受不了。这一大段对自然环境的夸张描写,也是诗人当时政治境遇的真实写照。
上面对贬谪生活的描述 ,情调是感伤而低沉的,下面一转 ,而以欢欣鼓舞的激情,歌颂大赦令的颁行,文势波澜起伏。唐宪宗即位,大赦天下。诗中写那宣布赦书时的隆隆鼓声,那传送赦书时日行万里的情景,场面的热烈。节奏的欢快,都体现出诗人心情的欢愉。特别是大赦令宣布:“罪从大辟皆除死”,“迁者追回流者还”,这当然使韩、张二人感到回京有望。然而,事情并非如此简单。写到这里,诗情又一转折,尽管大赦令写得明明白白,但由于“使家”的阻挠,他们仍然不能回朝廷任职。“坎轲只得移荆蛮”,“只得”二字,把那种既心有不满又无可奈何的心情,淋漓尽致地表现出来了 。地是“荆蛮 ”之地,职又是“判司”一类的小官,卑小到要常受长官“捶楚”的地步。面对这种境况,他们发出了深深的慨叹:“同时辈流多上道,天路幽险难追攀”。“天路幽险”,政治形势还是相当险恶啊!
以上诗人通过张署之歌,倾吐了自己的坎坷不平,心中的郁职,写得形象具体,笔墨酣畅。诗人既已借别人的酒杯浇了自己的块垒,不用再浪费笔墨直接出面抒发自己的感慨了,所以用“君歌且休听我歌,我歌今与君殊科”,一接一转,写出了自己的议论。仅写了三句:一是写今夜月色最好,照应题目的“八月十五”;二是写命运在天;三是写面对如此良夜应当开怀痛饮。表面看来这三句诗很平淡,实际上却是诗中最着力最精彩之笔。韩愈从切身遭遇中,深深感到宦海浮沉,祸福无常,自己很难掌握自己的命运。“人生由命非由他”,寄寓深沉的感慨,表面上归之于命,实际有许多难言的苦衷。八月十五的夜晚,明月如镜,悬在碧空蓝天,不开怀痛饮,岂不辜负这美好的月色!再说,借酒浇愁,还可以暂时忘却心头的烦恼。于是情绪由悲伤转向旷达。然而这不过是故作旷达而已。寥寥数语,似淡实浓,言近旨远,在欲说还休的背后 ,别有一种耐人寻味的深意。从感情上说,由贬谪的悲伤到大赦的喜悦,又由喜悦坠入迁移“荆蛮”的怨愤,最后在无可奈何中故做旷达。抑扬开阖,转折变化,章法波澜曲折,有一唱三叹之妙。全诗换韵很多,韵脚灵活 ,音节起伏变化,很好地表现了感情的发展变化,使诗歌既雄浑恣肆又宛转流畅。从结构上说,首与尾用洒和明月先后照应,轻灵简炼,使结构完整,也加深了意境的苍凉。
(张燕瑾)
The other four make a ring, with the Song Mountain midmost.
To this one, in the fire-ruled south, where evil signs are rife,
Heaven gave divine power, ordaining it a peer.
All the clouds and hazes are hidden in its girdle;
And its forehead is beholden only by a few.
...I came here in autumn, during the rainy season,
When the sky was overcast and the clear wind gone.
I quieted my mind and prayed, hoping for an answer;
For assuredly righteous thinking reaches to high heaven.
And soon all the mountain-peaks were showing me their faces;
I looked up at a pinnacle that held the clean blue sky:
The wide Purple-Canopy joined the Celestial Column;
The Stone Granary leapt, while the Fire God stood still.
Moved by this token, I dismounted to offer thanks.
A long path of pine and cypress led to the temple.
Its white walls and purple pillars shone, and the vivid colour
Of gods and devils filled the place with patterns of red and blue.
I climbed the steps and, bending down to sacrifice, besought
That my pure heart might be welcome, in spite of my humble offering.
The old priest professed to know the judgment of the God:
He was polite and reverent, making many bows.
He handed me divinity-cups, he showed me how to use them
And told me that my fortune was the very best of all.
Though exiled to a barbarous land, mine is a happy life.
Plain food and plain clothes are all I ever wanted.
To be prince, duke, premier, general, was never my desire;
And if the God would bless me, what better could he grant than this? –
At night I lie down to sleep in the top of a high tower;
While moon and stars glimmer through the darkness of the clouds....
Apes call, a bell sounds. And ready for dawn
I see arise, far in the east the cold bright sun.
【Writing in Vernacular Chinese】 祭祀五岳的礼仪,如同祭典三公,泰华衡恒分镇四野,而嵩岳居中。
衡山地处荒远的火乡,妖怪特多,天授予南岳的权力,在那里称雄。
喷泄的云雾,缭绕遮蔽了半山腰,虽然有横空极顶,谁能登上顶峰。
我来这里朝拜,正逢上秋雨季节,阴暗的晦气笼罩,没有半点清风。
心底里默默地祈祷,仿佛有应验,难道不是岳神正直,能感应灵通?
片刻云雾扫去,众山峰开始显出,抬头仰望,山峰突兀地支撑苍穹。
紫盖峰连延不断,紧接着天柱峰,石廪峰逶迤上延,绵连着祝融峰。
严森险峻惊心动魄,我下马膜拜,沿着松柏间一条小径,直奔灵宫。
白墙映衬红柱,闪耀着夺目光彩,壁柱上图画模样鬼怪,或青或红。
登阶躬背上堂,奉献肉干和酒食,想借这菲薄祭品,表示我的虔衷。
管庙的老人,似乎知道神的旨意,凝视窥察我祭祀之意,为我鞠躬。
手里持着杯蛟,教导我如何投掷,说此卜是最吉征兆,他人难相同。
我被驱到这南蛮荒僻,侥幸不死,衣食刚足温饱,我甘愿至死而终。
侯王将相升官欲望,我早已断念,纵使神明要赐福于我,也难成功。
此夜投宿在佛寺,我登上了高阁,天上星月被云雾遮蔽,夜色朦胧。
猿猴啼寺钟响,我不知天何时亮,东方升起一轮寒日,明亮又红彤。
【Notes】 三公:周以太师、太保、太傅为三公,后世用以称人臣的最高官位。
杯珓:占卜用的工具,有对称的两片,合起掷地,以其 俯仰定凶吉。
【Review】 诗人本不信佛,在他著名的奏章《谏迎佛骨》中就说过“自佛法入中国,帝王事之寿不能长”等话,曾引起宪宗大怒,几 乎丧了性命。这次绕道而去,主要是游山,但在庙令的怂恿下随俗占卜,因为卦吉而高兴。诗人迭遭不幸,对现实已经感到灰心,便借机自我解嘲,发发牢骚。
[鉴赏]
贞元十九年(803),京畿大旱。韩愈因上书请宽民徭,被贬为连州阳山(今属广东)令。永贞元年(805)遇大赦,离阳山到郴州(今湖南郴县)待命。九月,由郴州赴江陵府(今湖北江陵)任法曹参军,途中游衡山时写下这首诗。诗中深沉地抒发了他对仕途坎坷的不满情怀。
衡山耸立在湖南衡阳盆地北端,气势雄伟。山上的衡岳庙,是游人向往的名胜。诗的开头六句,写衡岳的形势和气象,起笔高远,用语不凡。先总叙五岳,再专叙衡岳,突出衡岳在五岳中的崇高地位。按古时帝王的祭典,五岳都相当于爵秩最高的“三公”。泰山、衡山、华山、恒山,各镇东、南、西、北四方,而嵩山则处在中间。衡岳在炎热而荒僻的南方,古人以为这里有很多妖魔鬼怪,天帝授予岳神权力,使它能专力雄镇一方。诗人一连采用四个叙述句,从“五岳”写到衡岳,竭尽铺垫之能事。紧接二句,便一下子把衡山形势的险要勾勒了出来:衡岳半山腰中蕴藏着云雾,不时喷泄出来,虽有山顶,又怎能攀登上去呢!一句中连用“喷”、“泄”、“藏”三个动词,来描绘平日衡山云雾浓重不散,既奇突,又贴切。
以下八句写登山。“我来”二句,是叙事,亦是写景,写出了秋雨欲来的景象,给人一种沉闷和压抑之感。欲扬先抑,诗意推起一道波澜。“潜心默祷若有应,岂非正直能感通”,说衡岳有灵,使天气由阴而晴,诗意陡转。云雾全消,众峰顿现,原是自然界本身的变化,而诗人却说是自己“潜心默祷”、把正直的神明“感通”的结果。“正直”二字寓有深意。往下连用两联,描写众峰由隐而现后的景象。“须臾”一联,写出了山间景色变化之快:霎那之间,浮云扫尽,众峰显露,仰面看去,那高峻陡峭的山峰,就好比擎天柱支撑着天空。这一联是虚写,给人以豁然开朗、奇险明快之感。据《水经注》载:衡山有三峰,自远望去,苍苍隐天。所以晋代罗含的《湘中记》也说:“望若阵云,非清霁素朝,不见其峰。”“紫盖”一联,描写紫盖峰连延着与天柱峰相接,石廪峰腾跃起伏,堆拥着祝融峰。这是实写。汪佑《南山泾草堂诗话》说,“是登绝顶写实景,妙用‘众峰出’领起,盖上联虚,此联实,虚实相生;下接‘森然魄动’句,复虚写四峰之高峻,的是古诗神境。”联系上下诗意来看,此说不无道理。
“森然”以下十四句,写谒庙,是全诗中心所在。诗人通过对祭神问天的描述,倾吐其无处申诉的悒郁情怀。“森然”二句,点出谒衡岳庙的题意。目的地已经到达,险峻的山峰,使人惊心动魄,不由得下马揖拜。沿着一条松柏古径,急步走向神灵的殿堂。既反映了诗人当时肃然起敬的感受,也烘托出一种庄严肃穆的气氛。“粉墙”二句,写走进庙门后四壁所见:雪白的墙壁和朱红的柱子,交相辉映,光彩浮动;上边都用青红的彩色,画满了鬼怪的图像,写出寺庙的特征。“升阶”以下六句写行祭。诗人登上台阶,弯着腰向神像进献干肉和酒,想借这些菲薄的祭品来表明自己的虔诚。掌管神庙的老人很能了解神意,眼瞪瞪地在一旁窥察,鞠躬致礼。他手持占卜用的杯珓,教给诗人投掷的方法;而后又根据卦象,说是得到了最吉的征兆,那是其他人所不易得到的。但是,正是“云此最吉馀难同”的结语,却引出了诗人一肚皮牢骚:自己在阳山贬所没有被折磨致死,算是不幸之中的大幸,今后只求衣食粗安,就甘心长此而终,哪里还存什么侯王将相之望!神明纵然想赐福保佑,恐怕也难奏效了。这一段描写和牢骚,既真实,又动人,深刻地反映了诗人当时内心的不满情绪。诗人关心自己的前途,当然希望占卜能得到一个非常吉利的答复。但是,当他得知是一个“最吉”的答复之后,他倒反而产生了怀疑,以致大发起牢骚来了。这大概与他当时对朝延政治斗争的形势有所了解有关吧!
末四句,归结诗题“宿岳寺”之意。先写上高阁时所见夜景:月色星光,因云气掩映而隐约不明。接着翻用谢灵运“猿鸣诚知曙”句诗意(《从斤竹涧越岭西行诗》),写道:“猿鸣钟动不知曙”。本来听到猿声啼叫就知道是天亮了,但诗人因为酣睡,连天亮时猿的啼叫声和寺院的钟声都没有听到。诗人身遭贬谪,却一觉睡到天明,足见襟怀之旷达。末句“寒日”,又照应上文“秋雨”、、“阴气”,笔力遒劲。
此诗写景、叙事、抒情,融为一体,意境开阔,章法井然。诗一开首便从大处落笔,气势磅礴。中间写衡岳诸峰,突兀高耸,令人心惊魄动。求神问卜一段,亦庄亦谐,其实是诗人借以解嘲消闷。末尾数句,更清楚地反映出诗人对现实所采取的比较泠漠的态度,他对自己被贬“蛮荒”的怨愤,也溢于言表。通篇一韵到底。押韵句末尾皆用三平调(少数用“平仄平”),音节铿锵有力。诗的语言古朴苍劲,笔调灵活自如,风格凝炼典重,无论意境或修辞,都独辟蹊径,一扫前人记游诗的陈词滥调,正如沈德潜《唐诗别裁》所说:“横空盘硬语,妥帖力排奡。公诗足以当此语。”
(吴文治)
Beseeching me to write a poem on the stone drums.
Du Fu has gone. Li Bai is dead.
What can my poor talent do for the stone drums?
...When the Zhou power waned and China was bubbling,
Emperor Xuan, up in wrath, waved his holy spear:
And opened his Great Audience, receiving all the tributes
Of kings and lords who came to him with a tune of clanging weapons.
They held a hunt in Qiyang and proved their marksmanship:
Fallen birds and animals were strewn three thousand miles.
And the exploit was recorded, to inform new generations....
Cut out of jutting cliffs, these drums made of stone-
On which poets and artisans, all of the first order,
Had indited and chiselled-were set in the deep mountains
To be washed by rain, baked by sun, burned by wildfire,
Eyed by evil spirits; and protected by the gods.
...Where can he have found the tracing on this paper? –
True to the original, not altered by a hair,
The meaning deep, the phrases cryptic, difficult to read.
And the style of the characters neither square nor tadpole.
Time has not yet vanquished the beauty of these letters –
Looking like sharp daggers that pierce live crocodiles,
Like phoenix-mates dancing, like angels hovering down,
Like trees of jade and coral with interlocking branches,
Like golden cord and iron chain tied together tight,
Like incense-tripods flung in the sea, like dragons mounting heaven.
Historians, gathering ancient poems, forgot to gather these,
To make the two Books of Musical Song more colourful and striking;
Confucius journeyed in the west, but not to the Qin Kingdom,
He chose our planet and our stars but missed the sun and moon
I who am fond of antiquity, was born too late
And, thinking of these wonderful things, cannot hold back my tears....
I remember, when I was awarded my highest degree,
During the first year of Yuanho,
How a friend of mine, then at the western camp,
Offered to assist me in removing these old relics.
I bathed and changed, then made my plea to the college president
And urged on him the rareness of these most precious things.
They could be wrapped in rugs, be packed and sent in boxes
And carried on only a few camels: ten stone drums
To grace the Imperial Temple like the Incense-Pot of Gao –
Or their lustre and their value would increase a hundredfold,
If the monarch would present them to the university,
Where students could study them and doubtless decipher them,
And multitudes, attracted to the capital of culture
Prom all corners of the Empire, would be quick to gather.
We could scour the moss, pick out the dirt, restore the original surface,
And lodge them in a fitting and secure place for ever,
Covered by a massive building with wide eaves
Where nothing more might happen to them as it had before.
...But government officials grow fixed in their ways
And never will initiate beyond old precedent;
So herd- boys strike the drums for fire, cows polish horns on them,
With no one to handle them reverentially.
Still ageing and decaying, soon they may be effaced.
Six years I have sighed for them, chanting toward the west....
The familiar script of Wang Xizhi, beautiful though it was,
Could be had, several pages, just for a few white geese,
But now, eight dynasties after the Zhou, and all the wars over,
Why should there be nobody caring for these drums?
The Empire is at peace, the government free.
Poets again are honoured and Confucians and Mencians....
Oh, how may this petition be carried to the throne?
It needs indeed an eloquent flow, like a cataract-
But, alas, my voice has broken, in my song of the stone drums,
To a sound of supplication choked with its own tears.
【Writing in Vernacular Chinese】 张生手拿周朝石鼓文的拓本,劝我写一首咏赞它的石鼓歌。
杜甫李白才华盖世但都作古,薄才之人面对石鼓无可奈何。
周朝政治衰败全国动荡不安,周宣王发愤起兵挥起了天戈。
庆功之时大开明堂接受朝贺,诸侯接踵而至剑佩叮噹撞磨。
宣王田猎驰骋岐阳多么英俊,四方禽兽无处躲藏都被网罗。
为把英雄功业刻石扬名万世,凿山石雕石鼓毁坏高山嵯峨。
随从之臣才艺都是世上第一,挑选优秀撰写刻石放在山坡。
任凭长年雨打日晒野火焚烧,仗着鬼神守护石鼓永不湮没。
你从哪里得来这拓本的底稿?丝毫都很完备一点也无差错。
言辞严谨内容奥密难于理解,字体不象隶书蝌文自成一格。
年代久远难免受损笔画残缺,仍象得剑斩断活生生的蛟鼍。
字迹有如鸾凤翔飞众仙飘逸,笔画恰似珊瑚碧树枝叶交错。
苍劲钩连象金绳铁索穿锁钮,浑然又象织梭化龙九鼎沦没。
浅见儒士编纂诗经却不收入,大雅小雅内容狭窄并不壮阔。
孙子周游未到秦地无知难怪,采诗不全象取星宿却漏羲娥。
啊我虽好古却苦于生得太晚,对着石鼓文我哭得涕泪滂沱。
想当年我蒙召做国子监博士,那年正改纪元年号称着元和,
我的朋友在凤翔府任职从事,曾经为我设计挖掘石鼓坑窝。
我刷帽沐浴禀告国子监祭酒;“如此至宝文物世上能存几多?
只要包毡裹席就能立即运到,十个石鼓运载只需几匹骆驼。
进献太庙把它比作文物郜鼎,那声价百倍于郜鼎岂是太过?
皇恩浩荡如果准许留在太学,诸生就能钻研解说一起切蹉。
汉朝时鸿都门观经尚且拥塞,将会看见全国上下为此奔波。
剜剔藓苔泥尘露出文字棱角,把它放得平平稳稳不偏不颇。
高楼大厦深檐厚瓦把它覆盖,经历久远不受意外损坏伤挫。”
朝中的大官个个都老于世故,他们空无主见岂肯感奋奔波?
牧童在鼓上敲火牛用它磨角,谁能再用手把这个宝物抚摸?
长年累月风化销铄将被埋没。六年来向西遥望我空叹吟哦!
王羲之书法时俗趁机显秀媚,书写数张还可换回一群白鹅。
继周之后八代争战已经结束,至今无人收拾整理又可奈何?
如今正是天下太平国泰民安,皇上重视儒术推崇孔丘孟轲。
怎么才能把此事向皇帝建议,愿借善辩之人发挥口若悬河。
石鼓歌写到这里就算结束吧,唉呀我的意愿大概是白说说!
【Notes】 1、少陵:杜甫;
2、谪仙:李白。
3、陵迟:衰败。
4、搜:打猎。
5、遮罗:拦捕。
6、隳:毁堕。
7、翥:飞。
8、掎摭:采取;
9、羲:羲和,这里指日;
10、娥:指月。
11、讵肯:岂肯;
12、婀:无主见。
13、八代:所指不明,泛指秦汉之后诸朝。
14、则那:又奈何。
【Review】 [题解]
石鼓文系我国最早的石刻,是秦代所为。内容记叙狩猎情状,文为大篆。韩氏以为周宣王时所为。其物今藏北京故宫博物院。诗人感慨石鼓文物的废弃,力谏当局保护石鼓而不得采纳,因而大发牢骚。开头四句是总起,自谦没有李杜之才,不敢作歌。“周纲”十二句是追叙石鼓来历久远。 “公从” 十句是叙石鼓文的文字和字体及其保留的价值。 “陋儒”六句是叙怀疑《诗经》不收石鼓文,乃是孔子的粗心。“忆昔” 十八句,是叙发现石鼓的经过和建议留置太学。 “中朝”十句是叙当局不纳诗人建议,叹惜石鼓文物的废除。“方今”六句,希望在尊崇儒学的时代,能把石鼓移置太学。 章法整齐、辞严义密,音韵铿訇。
[简析]
石鼓文是刻在十块鼓形石上的秦代刻石,书体为大篆,今藏北京故宫博物院,并非诗中所写的周宣王狩猎之记,当时诗人是弄错了。全诗从石鼓的起源到论述它的价值,曾建议运至太学保存而遭到否决,不禁感慨系之。写这首长诗的目的,仍然是在呼呈应该引起重视。诗人为保护文物而大声疾呼,没有人读后不为之所动,对官场陋习的讽刺也是很深刻的。
初唐时石鼓出土于凤翔府天兴县(今陕西宝鸡)三畤原。这一事件如发生在今天,必会惊传为“考古新发现”而震动中外,但是此时却不可思议地有些萧然。因为在朝廷眼中,它们不过是几块长满苔藓的破烂玩意,因此其遭遇自难与郡国之所出鼎彝相提并论了。就诗歌而言,韩愈之前,杜甫只在《李潮八分小篆歌》中带过一笔 ,此后韦应物虽写过一首《石鼓歌 》,但因缺少热情和略乏文采,恐怕在《韦苏州集》中也属下乘之作。只是他诗中“乃是宣王之臣史籀作”一句,倒开启了鼓属何代的千年聚讼之门。及至韩愈的这首力作问世,才使石鼓之“光价”在后人心目中大大地增强和提高了。今天上距韩愈作歌又过去一千多年,十面石鼓尽管已无完字,但仍作为一级文物陈列在故宫博物院里,这不得不归功于韩愈的呼号之力吧!
开头四句明白如话 ,点出了写作的缘起:张籍拿着石鼓文拓片来劝我试写一首题咏诗,李杜大手笔已不在世上,这非同一般的事情叫才疏学浅的我多么难堪啊!这四句中,“石鼓 ”二字凡三见,似乎平淡拖沓,其实不然 。韩愈开创以文为诗的先河 ,不避同字且不避同式 ,正是古文的惯习。应予注意的是,“劝”字下得十分精当,它省去了诗人几多犹豫的潜台词与推诿的闲笔墨 ,具有一字九鼎之效 。韩愈向来自负于“ 金石刻画臣能为 ”(李商隐《 韩碑》),但对此却自惭才疏,那么石鼓文的深奥难懂也就不言而喻了。
从“周纲陵迟四海沸”到“鬼物守护烦撝呵”为一段 。前十句是诗人想象周宣王中兴王室 、临御海内以及驰逐围猎 、勒石铭功的图景 。用了“沸”、“愤”、“大、“骋”、“万里”、“万世”等词,
极状场面的壮阔和气派的雄伟。韩愈之所以承袭韦应物系年的说法,是有深刻的历史原因的。唐朝自安史之乱后 ,皇权受到极大的削弱,藩镇割据,宦官擅权,外族侵凌,大臣猜忌,各种社会矛盾的激化,使李唐王朝迅速走向衰落。宪宗登基后采取铲藩镇、抑宦官的政策,使朝政出现了中兴之兆。诗人看到了历史的相似之处,因而在歌颂周宣王雄才大略的同时,自然融进了自己的政治理想。在宪宗即位之初平定剑南节度使刘辟后,韩愈即写过一首热情洋溢的《元和圣德诗》,对嗣皇的英明果断备加赞扬。所以《石鼓歌》的这段描写正传达出了诗人切望重振颓纲以臻于尊王攘夷的郅治局面的心声。“雨淋日炙野火燎”二句,是承上启下的关键。把石鼓流传千年而历尽的劫难浓缩在七字之中,这是略写。诗人认为石鼓得以完好保存 ,如果没有鬼神呵护是不可想象的,仅此而言,石鼓本身就已是稀世珍宝,又遑论其他无算的文物价值呢。寥寥两笔便为下文的切入阐发作好了铺垫。往下十四句是专对石鼓文作具体描述的。文辞的深奥,字体的朴茂,都使“好古”的博士先生心荡神怡美不胜收。即使剥蚀斑驳,他也会忍不住地赞叹一番。在那些古拙的字迹间,诗人任凭审美意识纵情驰骋:夭娇流美的线条,多象鸾凤翔舞,云君来下;交互牵掣的点画,又使人仿佛置身于珊瑚丛生的龙宫水府 。笔力的雄健,使他想到金绳铁索的劲挺;笔势的飞动,似乎只有用禹鼎出水龙梭离壁才能传其神韵原本静止的书迹都化成了活泼的形象,他不禁沉浸在美的超然享受之中了。美感的获得与否,取决于审美体验的深浅程度,尽管韩愈断未见过“鸾翔凤翥众仙下”,但现实生活中的百鸟和鸣和万舞翩跹却并不少见。常人或许只能以平常的语言道出 ,而诗人却善于用浪漫的想象把常景编织成一幅云诡波谲的图画。对于石鼓文,韩愈并没有满足于正面的描写,他痛斥陋儒,深憾孔子 ,无非是想获得烘云托月的效果。后人不明乎此,因而有胶柱鼓瑟的责难,如宋洪迈《容斋随笔》卷四云:“文士为文,有矜夸过实,虽韩文公不能免 。如《石鼓歌》极道宣王之事,伟矣,至云:‘孔子西行不到秦,掎摭星宿遗羲娥。陋儒编诗不收入,二雅褊迫无委蛇。’是谓三百篇皆如星宿 ,独此诗如日月也。??今世所传石鼓之词尚在,岂能出《吉日》、《车攻》之右?安知非经圣人所删乎 ?”但只需看看韩诗中“ 读难晓”、“得切磋 ”之句就可知道,诗人这样说不过是艺术的夸张,所谓恨之越深,爱之越切,如此而已。这一段是全诗的精华,原因在于它驾驭形象思维,把丰富的审美感受传递给读者,使之受到强烈的感染。
“ 嗟予好古生苦晚”以下直到结尾为最后一段。这段结合诗人自己的身世之感 ,既有追述,又有夹议,但更多的是流露出隐隐的惆怅和深深的惋惜。韩愈在文学上以“障百川而东之,回狂澜于既倒”(《进学解》)为己任,为了力矫时弊,他才主张崇古。因此他竭力称扬石鼓文,也应是这个文学宗旨的组成部分。他身居博士,“职是训诂”(《元和圣德诗》),把保护石鼓看作是应负的责任。为此,托故人度量坎坑,为安置作好了准备,又戒斋沐浴郑重其事地报告上司,本以为安置“至宝”是瞬息可办的举手之劳。然而无情的现实把他美好的愿望击得粉碎——那班尸位素餐的老爷关心的只是升官发财,他们对区区石鼓是丝毫不会 “感激”(激动)的!在这里,一个“老”字生动地勾画出那种麻木不仁的昏聩神情。眼看石鼓仍继续其日销月蚀而归于沦灭的厄运,诗人真是忧思如焚。虽说目下标榜儒术,但据理力争恐怕还是于事无补,歌到这儿,韩愈不禁心灰意冷,喟然长叹了!这一段写得苍凉沉郁,使人觉得诗人不仅在哀叹石鼓的不幸,而且简直是在嗟叹寒儒的卑微。为了反衬现实的荒诞,诗人还运用了两个典故,显得格外深刻而有力。第一个是蔡邕。后汉熹平四年,灵帝不满于当时文字使用的混乱,特命蔡邕与堂溪典等正定六经文字,由蔡书丹上石,刻成后置于鸿都门前,每日前来观看的车辆,使街道为之阻塞。第二个是王羲之。东晋王羲之喜鹅颈之宛转,见山阴道士所养群鹅而爱之,道士因索写《道德经》一部,举群相赠。蔡王二人都是书圣,但前者擅隶书而后者工楷则,这两种比石鼓文晚起得多的书体尚且如此风光,那么当局的冷落石鼓,到底于心何忍呢?用典之妙,起到了振聋发聩的效果。
这首长诗一韵到底 ,如长河直贯而下 ,波澜老成。诗中又多用响字虚词,铿锵激越,朗吟上口,便觉有一股郁勃之气喷薄于字里行间。如果用“驱驾气势,若掀雷走电,撑决于天地之垠”(辛文房《唐才子传·韩愈》)的赞语来评价这首歌行,自然会觉得绝非虚誉。
Are stolen in the summer. To review the state to heel near Wu. Emperor said hee, would not in me.
Negative rustic as the storm is not vertical. Sign of apprenticeship, all ten of its journey. Army under the city,
Report to perils. Chi Phi abdominal failure, not security together. Throw the first parapet, the lower vertical banner night.
Xinjiang outside the insurance, none other than the Shu soil. Wei Gao went to town, after Shou Liu Pi. The blood of people in the teeth,
Refused Tukou. Treasury Opening taste with disabilities, along with the check said. Ru-Ru-bow, Ru Ru drum drum.
Ruwei table book, find me handsome Yu. On the matter heard before, in the column salty anger. However, the emperor said,
Sigh far Shinv. Gou-laws and safety, then, and pay with. Reading of life on the court, a section of less government.
North Korea made the capital, evening to the department. Hi provision that the party, Yu Zhen and Wu. Shu can all have,
This improper subject. Million cattle skinny Sunburn, urn Hangjiu million. Kam tied to stocks, the first red Pa.
A timorous its ominous, there are bait the trap. The Rang Rang out, the number of teams to tens of thousands. Then robbed Dongchuan,
Then, according to city block. The emperor said, sigh, it can be promised. Yuan life Chongwen, sub-imperial ban death.
On the drive there, I'm no wild storm. Diurnal thirty, Xu its right wall. Provision of the party together to seek,
Deer are kept. Chongwen Feng Zhao, advance and retreat rules. Not greedy for war to kill, capture is not excessive number.
Quartet Jie Du, the entire Dayton horse soldiers. Please discuss the last chapter, once the life-ups. The emperor said, laugh,
Ru-trouble-free pain. Liang Jing, and JI in the country portal. Apprenticeship thousand, the election Seoul ugly.
Qi for the Fourth Army, its like Yin Fu. Or pull out their angle, or off the pitch. Push deep ocean,
There was no discord. August Horse, the provision abandon the city to go. Containing his wife and concubine, parcels juvenile milk.
Chongwen that day, into the place of its premises. Distributed by fishing, find the original tick Tau. See the poor provision of embarrassment,
No land from the Department. Overlooking the river, but no Zhouzhu. Suizi reversed, if the cast mortar pestle.
Taken from the river, flail neck mechanical hand. Women's achievements, thanks to call-in crying. Que to offer under the
To report the temple community. Zhou said the city, see salt to view. Free twin cable, clip the anvil ax.
Wan Wan weak child, Chek Lap slouch. Drag the lead foot, first off the waist backbone. Times and the Christians,
Tihaichengzhu. Is to take the provision of late, such as startle Khan wrote. Brandished a knife and divided, war Cun kuai preserved.
Excellent tour Jiang Li, Fu Gui augmented group. Silk pile their home, plug the Yu Su. No pity array,
Lin to the Widows and Orphans. Official seal the tomb of a gift, Zhouza Wang Pu. The battle cutting, the width of a rent-free book.
Facilities that paid work, emergency lightning-fast fire. Between earth and heaven, all working order. You-Heng Qing Wei,
Shanghai Pu Dong to do. Xu Cai south, outside the complex prisoner. DA De Wei Nan, Di walk reverently dance dance.
Discarded Bing Ge, Gui basket used in state worship of private practice. Invited Jin to ten million of their coupling. Called on the emperor said,
Uncle uncle. The Yasuji bit, training Jue Meng acres. The first month Mongol, has shown signs of Zongzu.
Bow Executive hundred ceremony, Tang down prostrated. Recommended in the new house, depending on the beam at the eaves beam looking. Qi, see Appearance,
ZU tears fall. Temple of Chen Shi, help me sorrowful Chu. Is more acrid, with a male in the suburbs.
In addition to the Southern States, scales bamboo hair Ju. Shi Lu Zhou screen, open exposing Lei heap. Beast shield Teng take,
Posts round the altar properly. Creation of four Romania, flag always graceful. Long-second drive, fish Yaya.
Night rose in mounds, lay Pik offer jade cup with ears. Fun for all the panic, financial Ye H collide. Zi Yan Hush Oh,
High spirit drops. Stars from the ride, scattered luxury duo. Jun May Day Princess, Huan He Wo vi.
Meng Hong ghost trouble, Yue Ye Mindanao only. Crop-full throttle Wo Xiang, production Tseung longevity. Phoenix should be played,
Shuyizifu. Chi Lin Huanglong, Wei Tuo Results remedy. Qingshi common people, Huang Tong white old man.
Active Huan ah, lost hi choke Europe. Dry clean Kun Yi, 褰 held off throughout. Timor car back,
Afternoon at legitimate. Fortunately Danfeng door amnesty. Wash wash Chanchuang, indelible blemish scale.
Continued hero Si, pulling appointing Gou. Child support without advertising, Yan Pang Shi thick. Holy Emperor,
Mastery Heritage. Listen as Cong Ming, Yi Si Yao Yu. Shengzhi French, was taken for action.
Tian Xi emperor, as the world Lord. And package the keeper, the same huge fine. Billion _set_ out years,
Against those who dare? Emperor Qin Jian, gray wash ceramic tile. Exclusion sent flashy, well this ti css.
Chile quit the Quartet, extravagant, there ourselves. Tian Xi emperor, and more wheat and millet. No response of flood and drought,
Consumption in birds mice. Million _set_ of years, there is no rustic rich. Emperor of integrity, not whether the white good.
The order of mad good at both Jian both go. Do by gang rape, extravagant companion had left. Tian Xi emperor,
Pangchenshuofu. Bo Concept ask ya, is about to _set_. Billion years contain no more than dare to insult.
Emperor Tai Hau, kind Ti friends. Yi Yi Yu Yu, Feng empress. Jia on pro-family,
How and nine have. Tian Xi Emperor, and the days of Qi Shou. Dengzi peace, no idle forever.
Million _set_ of years, father to mother. The more Dr. Chen, the staff is exegetical. As Costa,
To match the jeep.
Sigh and sing, said: Xi Feng Yang autumn wave of water, add more upside Vessels,
Hu returned back to Sri Lanka)
Come autumn the water, the color faint; I will be economic fortune, not the by the. Involved in the shallow Xi,
Stone gnawing my feet; by its deep Xi, Long into my boat. I regret economic and Xi,
Qianganguiyou. Come go go Come, Come fighting and stone-free, no request should be Long.
Son in return, much to send in the wild. What he heaven, not spent. Happy Kyushu
No definite place. Dark shield the world, I do not know Sage. Mai die young, the old one)
Lan Yi Yi, triumphantly their fragrance. Do not mine and wear, what injury in Portland.
Today the rotation, the Camps, and nature. My Odyssey, in days to years.
Xueshuang trade, trade, water chestnut wheat of Mao. As not to hurt the child, I do not Seoul Gou.
Mao Mak of water chestnut, water chestnut of a wheat. Gentleman of the injured, a man of gatekeeper.
龟山在太山博县。古琴操云:予欲望鲁兮,龟山蔽之。
手无斧柯,奈龟山何)
龟之氛兮,不能云雨。龟之枿兮,不中梁柱。龟之大兮,
祗以奄鲁。知将隳兮,哀莫余伍。周公有鬼兮,嗟余归辅。
Physical facilities of rain in order to propagate, meaning they arise is what I am. Since the first week, the storm the ground.
Jiang Yu in a private and my future generations. My father in the last, four the next. Pro holes Jue Wei,
Dare to show to be humiliated. What neglected in the door, what rule Yutian. Both are universal, the more skirts is Chen.
朱紫相合,不别分兮。迷乱声色,信谗言兮。炎炎之虐,
使我愆兮。幽闭牢阱,由其言兮。遘我四人,忧勤勤兮)
目窈窈兮,其凝其盲;耳肃肃兮,听不闻声。朝不日出兮,
夜不见月与星。有知无知兮,为死为生。呜呼,
臣罪当诛兮,天王圣明。
Qishan for Yap State, steam the people who do not worry about who knows Xi. Sigh sigh nonetheless Xi,
To life by Adams)
My home in the Bin, self-Xian Gong. I ordered the Iraqi contractors, dare to be different.
Di this person will fill my Xinjiang. Fight for my people, who make casualties.
He Qi a rocky hill, I go alone. Guillermo I chase, and without thinking I'm sad.
The word goes: Come toward the shoe cream to adopt the morning cold, their heart Come test unknown letter calumny.
Come parting grace alone destroy lung liver, where Xi Gu heaven by Adams transgression.
Xi Yan different pain dead biased, I know who can flow injustice Gu Xi)
Come cold parent children, the mother Come hungry children. Crime when the bamboo cane children, by children what.
Children in the wild, to places to place. Four no sound, who is with child language.
What clothes children cold, hungry children eat any. Child rows in the wild, shoe cream to foot.
Born of minority children, have pity for the mother. Single mother without pity, not children rather sad.
Xi Ming pheasant flying phase and towards the male and female mountain Ah Come tour group.
Come my life alone without any family, can do nothing when the twilight Xi, Xi can do nothing twilight sigh sigh)
Pheasant fly, the Asahi. Group of male parthenogenesis, emotional cross out. When East and West,
When pecking and flying. With the fly with the peck, congee porridge female group. Although the people I sigh,
He was not as good as pheasants. Biological seven years, no one concubine, and Princess.
Tsunami tragedy in the night, a sense of the child as a Muslim. The word cloud: the good side wing to wing the next day,
Mountains and distant road is long and takes on fresh forget supper quilt insomnia)
Hu Xiong twigs, the female swan pecked mud return. Nest to not have children, righteousness as a deviation.
Jianghan water large swan bird body slightly. No more meet at, and can juke go hand in hand fly.
Come with animal-dimensional Beaver, I have the dream. Ming Xi of its body, while the head I do not know.
What is good and bad fortune, feel sitting and thinking. Wu Xian Xi God, know who the Who.
Shan Jing and topography, Mangmei not be granted. Speech test guide and support groups, hanging a reading million leakage.
For off-understanding can not, by the coarse classification by Gou. Chong Qiu Wang tasted l, Ji Ji, see phase Cou.
Seimei out the edges and corners, embroidery thread clock breaking points. Hong Lan-phase steam holes, table suddenly transparent.
Without wind drift toss, soft-mao Xu financial solution. Horizontal cloud condensation level, the number of little Xiu Lu.
Sky floating eyebrows dark green paint on the new. Must hold a solitary cliff, sea bath 褰 Peng Zhou.
Chunyang potential Juru, bald spit deep show. Although the tower Cui Yan Luan, weak class with strong wine.
Xia Yan Sheng hundred wood, shade buried review by Yu. Spirit Day vapor snort, gas, competition structure.
Akishimo hi carved Kau, Zhuo Li Qu Zhe thin. Mixed stacked weight, just Geng Ling universe.
Although the ink line quiet winter, snow and ice work cut hard steel. According to the new Xi Mindanao crisis, billion husband constant high expanse.
Ming faint not stop state, an instant abnormal climate. Southwest Xiong Bai, Mo protruding between the Zao.
Fan is equipped with German transportation, sub-total D E house. Happy Kun bit more, slander pry notch dry sinuses.
Jing Jing cold emptiness, atmosphere than the search rinse. ZHU Wei-party burning day, sleet longitudinal Teng Yin Rou.
Large pool north of Kunming, to face-to-face even sunny day. Overlooking the poor cotton together, trapped down the side clearance ret.
Ripples moving water, and actively manic monkey You. Exclaimed unfortunately broken, Yang hi ah no servant.
Du Shu before routing, completion of the original cover ugly fork. Imposing on the rugged and may only Ferris rich.
Trekking to the poor then, Ling Lu bother each other go. Excitedly thinking crack crack, Yu-Shu Yong hard cover.
Genius and boast moths, much will be sold on Jia. Italy is also suspected of creation, solid build and protect fine woo.
Though force can be ranked WO, thunder and lightning scared Oh sense of shame. Climbing off the foot, Cengdeng plot Zhou arrived.
Mang, such as straightening the first trial, 堛 Cypriot students Jumao. Xiao Shuang Wei Yung funeral, nearly new fans far from the old.
Officer Arrested total sun and the moon, can not they want to enter. Cause to comprehend the marsh, Yin Ning Zhan Bi beast.
Fish may be overlooking the drop-the sacred security'm Kou. Linke are off leaves, falling like a bird frightened to save.
Loops and bends title fight, jettison emergency feeding Kou. Rotary Road, go back to look askance, at Nie Zhuang Fu Zou.
Calls sigh strange letter, Zhi-mass energy of the trade. Disgrace two years ago was condemned, exploration calendar may encounter.
Income from Lam early, Gu Xi labor neck neck. When the dark days of heavy snow, bitter tears kept dim head.
Jun Tu prolonged ice, straight up if the hanging slide.褰 clothing further promote the horse, kick back and re Britain.
Greenish yellow forget ya Xi, the visions around before. Huang Shan Sa Po Su, Gao Yao save mediated helmet.
Yi-Ping Road, to concentrate, to avoid the stink out of danger over. Qing Ji to every last, the beginning of long-cherished wish Xin, Deputy.
Zhengrong Ji mound top, prosperous and flash hybrid shrews, weasel. Low plan before the open, artless heap all the wrinkles.
Or even if the phase from, or Organisation If the match for. If the Mi-volt or properly, or if startled surprise Gou.
If the collapse or casual, or Minato go if convergence. If the boat or fly fast, or never if the horse suddenly.
If the relative evil or back, or if the phase to woo. Or chaos, if pumping shoot, or if the note Nie moxibustion.
If the painting or wrong, or the wind, if Zhuanzhou. Or if the stars from the Luo, or thick Ruoyun funny.
If the waves or floating, or broken if the hoe hoe. Or, as Ben Yu-lun, gambling wins courage before purchase.
Has been a strong first, then blunt anger bz Nou. Or if the king statue, the cluster toward the base fine.
Although the pro-child sex is not obscene, though far from absurd. Or standing on the edge food case, the nuclear Fun Dingdou meat dish.
Another example is the nine of the original tour, the tomb package coffin bier. If the pots vase or tired, or mortgage, if bB beans.
Or covered if exposed turtles, or decadent, if sleep beast. Or, if meandering, Hidden Dragon, or if the stroke eagle wings.
Or Qiruo You friends, or with, if priority. Or blowing up living, or care if the places to stay.
Or, if brutal revenge feud, or close if it comes to propose marriage. Or if the Mindanao Yan crown, or turn if Wuxiu.
Or Yi, if war, or hunting around if the search. However, note the East or extravagant, or Yan Ran the first North.
Xi flame or fire, or if the gas Fen-run. Or the line and stopped working, or left without income.
Or oblique and not rely, or not enough relaxation. Qian, if bald or red, or smoked, if diesel ritual bonfire.
Or if the turtle demolition trillion, or if the diagram sub-Yao. Or before the cross, if stripping, or if after the break Sinica.
An extension from another extension, Guaiguai rebel also meet unexpectedly. Whisper fish Chuang Ping, yo menstrual places.
Yen Yen tree walls, and Yan Yan drive library stables. Participation Participation cutting sword Ji, Huan Huan Ying Xiu title.
Phi deposited deposited flower calyx, k7 々 slide destroyed houses. Yo Shu and security, Wu Wu mad to accustomed to.
I still ran out of super, stupid stupid hack is not Mao. What a Great _set_ world, business brokers Shaw Cou.
Opened what was in the beginning, strider who advised Yoo Min. Park is hereby created the clever, do my best to endure labor conscience.
Have not applied axes, no curse is fake. Hong shortage not even pass, work paid big Mo hire.
Chang Wen Yu Ci Guan, Xin Fen Bi-down sniffing. Striking for the song poem, but with reports like You.
Learn the technique to commit suicide, is in Gimcheon mountain. Fan Hua Rongmu must, parents love to donate.
Condensate heart a sense of demons, with difficult words indistinct panic. Once sitting empty room, during which clouds of Health.
Such as the Master Sheng yu Yun, from jis days. Unlucky day become quiet, the rustling landscape cold.
Ming Ying temporary canopy off, colored light is associated. Startle the viewer only tilting and winding, Ju dared before.
Even for a moment underestimate the move, if the wind drift smoke. Vast eight-hung and impact without the edge.
Xu on in the event, Mayor surprised and sighed. Drive leading officials, rogue folk competing first.
Entry no see, Guanlv with cicada slough. Jieyun fairy things, Shining letter can be passed.
I heard the ancient summer, the property known as the God of evil. People can get into the mountains, monsters every Zhan Mo.
Winding is not revival, later unbridled bully a bad day. Nether confused chaos, ghost even cannibalism.
Although Benedict good Qin and Han Hongqi Yuan. Since the second coming of the Lord, went so far as this disaster again and again.
Health strange change of wood and stone, the fox demon Cheng patients. Monensin to make their lives, safety and even longer delays.
Department million class life, knowledge is most Yin. Nonetheless not confident, anti-like from the material transfer.
To those who can not regret, Alone hold deep injustice. To those who still can commandment, more than empty words Qi Wen.
Life is common sense, men and women have their own ethics. Warm clothing and food hunger, the spinning hard.
Sons under the protection, on the instructions from Jun Qin. Gou different from the road, are all abandoned its body.
Alas he almost cold women, never asked foreign groups. Then into a sentimental poem, ignorant of the gentry are advised to book.
Micro-light shining empty bed, midnight partial ear. Chouyou unprovoked, the sigh into a sit.
Dawn, as the color, and therefore not similar. Xi and the flooding moon, can not depend on disease emergency.
Although the multi-coated Floating Life, becoming the only track dead. Hu wave Ziku, have wine and joy.
Dew under the kinds of herbs, Xiao Lan were carved haggard. Four green walls, has back to life Montreal.
Chilling suspense lonely, cricket Ming Zizi. Infinite period of operation, the intrinsic differences bitter end in disappointment.
Each have the appropriate time, do not you pine and cypress.
He wound up death and death, I Chi Ho Man-Man. Xishou empty good drink, Lian still capable of rice.
School day without incident, rode proper like. Vast out road, want to go to talk since to persuade.
Return read history books, text Hao million. Thing of the past who actually find, cheap addicted to non-expensive offerings.
Husband intended to have in, women are more complaints.
Day sorrowful autumn air and fall air at Lingling. Cicada is no branch, the next diskless in flies.
Is not flu season, the eyes and ears to the hate. Morning and sat volumes, Nanshan see the high ridge.
Cheng marsh water under it, there can be fishnet Kau cold. Xizai not to, but does that saying my incompetence.
Lili hanging empty sad, sad hold false alarm. Lu Hyun autumn tree height, insects hanging Cold Night Wing.
Convergence of the new cowardly retreat, Camp mourn before becoming fierce. Yu Yi Tu classified knowledge, learn the ancient 绠 was revised.
Name floating even worse shame, since the flavor really thin fortunate. Left end for particular regret, that this is a quiet screen.
Not a play this morning, sitting at King do. Insects Room faint, spit on the window Jiongjiong.
If the fans lose Huai Fang, read the play with floating stem. Wait dust careless, text wave riding.
Its stubborn yet to Mian, Wang Shi have toward you.
Autumn is not morning, autumn dark bitter easily. I'm not engrossed blog, why have this regret.
Chicken cold air in the habitat, lack of repeated bird's-eye view on trouble. Emblem of a harp with strings, and then listen to the more light drums.
Long-buried ancient sound off, no real abuse by the see. Hourly trend of low heart, bitter mien can only be temporary.
Like the wind and the ship, not a vertical cable. Better watch for the text, something point lead Dan survey.
Qi will seek to win the rest, to be stone and Dan.
Or self-doubt memorial, the memorial by the Qi. Is a drought in the capital, Tian Mu received less.
Pity on the people without food, Zheng Fu half has been closed. You Si-shirt funds seek trouble too.
Rich Jiyun emergency, the poor, though it is flow. Rumors Lvli, the newborn baby abandoned trench.
Su Yi fighting men who, out of arm Moken remuneration. Qu way out of me hungry, who repeat itself thick.
Pro-side of every road death, yi You long standing. Owned homes can not eat, like a fish hook.
In addition to the censor would be appropriate, Cheng was made when the autumn. Thanks to co-sparse shift gate for loyalty rather self-seeking.
Chan human suffering, not so must its throat. Chen Guinea under Austin, the fundamental rationale should be excellent.
Abundance of ripe experience of snow, fortunately lenient silkworm barley. Emperor Ceran sense Sagong sigh Credit Shield.
Facilities that statement is, is anti-inflammatory state move. Talented people to do the same official, Liu and Liu partial good.
Or consider the language to vent, pass off the injustice of the feud. Two sons, not Dole, the suspect is not broken.
Blessings sent manipulation, not remain an instant. Sick girl lying mattress, quiet clearly separated sub-knowledge.
Moaning begging to do, please do not maxillary per head. Weak wife hold little children, out of shame thanks to forget the shame.
Strider Mian never looked back, trekking Yi with the state. North Korea is Albatron disabilities, evening for old age prisoners.
Business mountain and winter season, ice must line Zhou. Dongting spring wave, haunted frightened boat.
More than any of Ridge to the low Yanfeng Jun Hou. Acid Cold mention the road, with something sore warts.
Far different way to touch, Limin like apes. Health and hunting is more than anger, ridicule Zhou speech Fun tongue.
Day under the eaves, double-Ming Liu fighting owl. Have two snakes, a flying tour group insanity.
Winter or shake the poor fans, summer, or Zhong Qiu. From the most terrible hurricane, roaring sound of a crash toss tomb mound.
Thunder help Guangguai, weather difficult than Mou. Pandora epidemic suddenly dive meet unexpectedly, none of ten Liao.
Caixian home drug action on the case of pregnant Noir worry. The day before the event amnesty, selfishness hi still worry.
Sure enough, they restrain tie, not go hoe harrow. The government and the big male, Tang Ling to make spears.
Cao auxiliary habitat habitat method, where things humble corner. Life of virtue and enterprise, the school week are holes.
Dali officials had known, not out after three comrades. Moreover, pro-jail prison, knocking whip hair rape and steal.
Hanging known accident potential, fear of catching rabbits from the Fu suffer. Qing Xiang River and the rapid, cool day fixed.
Hu, led return, brigade parked still barbarians still. Were made to Beijing yesterday, Si Chuan Huang Mian tassel.
Under the Ming imperial impressively, the first total Ru punish the crime. Britain yao Wen Fu generation, Bauer hung crown into the domain.
Class lines and then silence, Huang Pei-Ming Lang cited. Zhenguan queue following the strong, side sealing off the pocket iron pot.
Yin pushed three attendants, Luo Zhuo Zou dumping gold. Participation luck Gao Qing Emperor Wenhuan initiatives.
Sacred Heart Qi Fu Association, Chihlee with hair light carriage. Xiao Ya Yong Luming, food-Ping your Yo Yo.
Legacy is not Si Miao, Yi Qi taste with the coverlet. Loses the premature change, the proposed early ephemera.
Since the missing teeth, tongue, the soft start Mu. Due to illness and plug the nose, gradually to other smoked Caryopteris.
Dismissed from office to ponder, ordered by pine Catalpa completed. Air pregnant how can fruit, but see the age of Qiu.
Yin Tang Min animals, I wish spider beetle Network Solutions. Lei Huan dig sword, consumer sentiment injustice Bull.
Hereby Road Cheng-shang, who can take before the chip. A Amigos attentive, non-dark moon cast.
Boat bench of late, and morning Zhanzhuan empty. He went so far as to seek terms, sigh sigh the world and themselves.
Ho Lok Zai the worries, the worries not my strength.
Advisory complain villain but the gentleman but sad. Diet to reduce body Qi Ningkang.
This Zhicheng your foot, when the fear of the non-functional. Quinoa soup is still the case, encore meat taste.
Baicao poor dead of winter, quiet Guinai Fen Fang. And the situation between heaven and earth, often its own Grand Canal.
Advise you of good food, happy couple of the Gao Xiang.
Qifeng knot red wave, fur coat to keep out the cold. All night at the You Shi, China candle rotten rotten.
Gouneng faithful line, you can home Yi Man. I sigh with the Master, the meaning of each London.
What is re-see gift, tempting not Xuan.