From the wind in the willows of the Imperial River.
And at dusk, from the palace, candles are given out
To light first the mansions of the Five Great Lords.
【Writing in Vernacular Chinese】 春天,长安城处处飘飞着落花;
寒食节,东风把御园柳枝吹斜。
黄昏时,宫中传出御赐的烛火,
轻烟散入了,新封的王侯之家。
【Notes】 1、寒食:每年冬至以后的一百零五天,大概是清明节的前两天为寒食节。据左传所载,晋文公火烧森林求介之推,没想到他却抱着大树活活被烧死,晋国人为了悼念他,每年的这一天禁火,只吃冷食,所以称寒食。
2、御柳:皇帝御花园里的柳树。
3、传蜡烛:虽然寒食节禁火,但公侯之家受赐可以点蜡烛。
4、五侯:旧说一指东汉外戚梁冀一族的五侯,一指东汉桓帝在一天之中封了单超等五个得宠的宦官为侯,世称五侯。本诗中泛指贵幸宠臣。
【Review】 寒食春深,景物宜人,故诗中前二句先写景。
“春城无处不飞花,寒食东风御柳斜。”诗人立足高远,视野宽阔,全城景物,尽在望中。“春城”一语,高度凝炼而华美。“春”是自然节候,城是人间都邑,这两者的结合,呈现出无限美好的景观。“无处不飞花”,是诗人抓住的典型画面。春意浓郁,笼罩全城。诗人不说“处处飞花”,因为那只流于一般性的概括,而说是“无处不飞花”,这双重否定的句式极大加强了肯定的语气,有效地烘托出全城皆已沉浸于浓郁春意之中的盛况。诗人不说“无处不开花”,而说“无处不飞花”,除了“飞”字的动态强烈,有助于表现春天的勃然生机外,还说明了诗人在描写时序时措辞是何等精密。“飞花”,就是落花随风飞舞。这是典型的暮春景色。不说“落花”而说“飞花”,这是明写花而暗写风。一个“飞”字,蕴意深远。由此我们可以充分体会到诗人炼字的功夫。可以毫不夸张地说,这首诗能传诵千古,主要是其中的警句“春城无处不飞花”,而这一句诗中最能耀人眼目者,就在一个“飞”字。
“寒食东风御柳斜”,春风吹遍全城,自然也吹入御苑。苑中垂柳也随风飘动起来了。风是无形无影的,它的存在,只能由花之飞,柳之斜来间接感知。照此说来,一个“斜”字也是间接地写风。
第三、四句,论者多认为是讽喻皇宫的特权以及宦官的专宠。不过我们也不妨只视之为风俗画。“日暮汉宫传蜡烛,轻烟散入五侯家”。这其中写实的成份是主要的。唐代制度,清明日皇帝宣旨,取榆柳之火以赐近臣,以示恩宠。又寒食日天下一律禁火,唯宫中可以燃烛。“日暮汉宫传蜡烛”,皇帝特许重臣“五侯”也可破例燃烛,并直接自宫中将燃烛向外传送。能得到皇帝赐烛这份殊荣的自然不多,难怪由汉宫(实指唐朝宫廷)到五侯之家,沿途飘散的“轻烟”会引起诗人的特别注意。
由于后两句旨在描写宫庭生活,并且写得轻灵佻脱,所以历来颇受赏识。据孟棨《本事诗》载:唐德宗很欣赏韩翃此诗,特意赐予他“驾部郎中知制诰”的显职。由于当时江淮刺史与韩翃同名,德宗特意亲书此诗,并批道:“与此韩翃”。其诗倍受爱重若此。又据《唐音癸笺》载:“韩员外(翃)诗匠,意近于史,兴致繁富,一篇一咏,朝士珍之。”从最高统治者到一般朝士,都偏爱此诗,很难说明诗人本意中含有讥刺。当然,如果读者“感到”诗人意含讽喻,那也不足为怪。
And the city's naked wall grows pale with the autumn moon,
I see a lone wild-goose crossing the River of Stars,
And I hear, on stone in the night, thousands of washing mallets....
But, instead of wishing the season, as it goes,
To bear me also far away,
I have found your poem so beautiful
That I forget the homing birds.
【Writing in Vernacular Chinese】 我早早地枕着竹席迎风纳凉,
清虚的秋夜京城荡漾着月光。
一行秋雁高高地掠过了星空,
千家万户传来了捣衣的声响。
看节候应该是到了更深夜阑,
思念友人心灵相期睡觉也晚。
刚刚反复吟诵你送我的佳句,
不觉乌鸦呱呱啼叫天已渐亮。
【Notes】 1、簟:竹席。
2、空:形容秋天清虚景象。
3、砧杵:捣衣用具,古代捣衣多在秋夜。
【Review】 这是一首酬答诗,为了酬诗,而通宵未眠,足见彼此心期之切。前半首写秋夜,声色俱全。颔联属对,尤其自然秀逸。颈联写更深夜阑,心期而不得入眠。末联写吟咏赠诗,不觉已鸦噪天曙,结构颇为严密。"星河秋一雁,砧杵夜千家",清新活泼,实属佳对。
And I see a countryside blue and still, after the long rain.
The distant peaks and trees of Qin merge into twilight,
And Had Palace washing-stones make their autumnal echoes.
Thin pine-shadows brush the outdoor pulpit,
And grasses blow their fragrance into my little cave.
...Who need be craving a world beyond this one?
Here, among men, are the Purple Hills
【Writing in Vernacular Chinese】 在仙台初见,迎候仙人的五城十二楼;正是风物凄凄,一夜滴答的秋雨才休。
山色空明,和远处的秦地树丛相连接;近处传来捣衣声,报告汉宫已经深秋。
稀疏的松影撒落神坛,更显道观清静;小草铃芳扑鼻,犹衬出山洞小径深幽。
不用再到别处去寻找,世外仙境所在;人间也有神仙居住的地方,名曰丹丘。
【Notes】 1、五城楼:《史记·封禅书》记方士曾言:"黄帝时为五层十二楼,以候神人于执期,命曰迎年",这里借指仙游观。
2、宿雨:隔宿的雨。
3、丹丘:指神仙居处,昼夜长明。
【Review】 此诗写道士的楼观,是一首游览题咏之作。首联点明时地,切中题目"仙游观"。颔联写观外景物,先是"见""秦树",后是"闻""砧声"。颈联写观内景物,先写高处"空坛"的静,后写低处"小洞"的幽,点明是道士居处。末联引用《远游》之语,称赞这地方是神仙居处的丹丘妙地,不用再去寻觅他方了。全诗语言工美秀丽,音调宛转和鸣。但内容却是空泛而无多大深意,只可吟咏,不可玩味。
Her vermilion screen with its pattern of flowers,
Her eight- foot dragon-beard mat and her quilt brocaded in squares
Are ready now for nights that are neither warm nor cold.
【Writing in Vernacular Chinese】 门外是碧绿的阑干,门上绣帘低垂;
狸红色的屏风,描画着曲折的花枝。
大床铺着八尺龙须草席,锦被缎褥;
天色正当转凉,却还未到寒冷之时!
【Notes】 1、龙须:属灯心草科,茎可织席。
【Review】 这是写景寓情诗,诗人通过对一间华丽精致的金闺绣户和一年中最舒适的"已凉未寒之时"的描绘,点染了在深闺绣阁中的主人公,渴望爱情生活的情怀。布景种种,不仅写出了卧室的华贵气派,还增添了绮靡的氛围,并点明这是在一年中"已凉未寒之时",便把主人公一种闺情绮思推到极点。故蘅塘退士批曰:"此亦通首布景,并不露情思,而情愈深远。"此论确有见地。
春楼不闭葳蕤锁,绿水回通宛转桥。
鸣鞭晚出章台路,叶叶春依杨柳风。
独坐隔千里,空吟对雪诗。
更喜宣城印,朝廷与谢公。
酒醒孤烛夜,衣冷千山早。去事沈尚书,应怜词赋好。
Wine nearly Yicheng, to thank the Leisure poetry. Yuqing Xishan tree, sunrise Nanchang Guo.
Bamboo dew point Yi Jin, Lake tobacco wet shut key. Cang master jade, gold contact after the ride.
High, as the lead eight states, the phase of the same E. Line of business reported that friends, from flying boundless.
From the quiet ride and do, with everyone Shen Xie. Zijin full civil and military, a drunk Hanxi night.
淮风生竹簟,楚雨移茶灶。若在八公山,题诗一相报。
春衣淮上宿,美酒江边醉。楚酪沃雕胡,湘羹糁香饵。
前朝山水国,旧日风流地。苏山逐青骢,江家驱白鼻。
右军尚少年,三领东方骑。亦过小丹阳,应知百城贵。
Peaks if the attendants, the public, such as infants and raised Fu. Rock Crest mutual stimulation, Ling Xiu-phase recovery portability.
Full round in March, bringing such as round-Gui. Jade pleases visit, this God should be lost.
Chang drag Xiapei, lead me climb Ji. Steaming on the half days, jade hanging mirrors flying staircase.
Yao Chi Ho quietly, and the Flying Crane habitat smoke. Looking back, dust things, exposed Lower Cambrian desolately.
I asked Wang Wuyi Xiang. Lu million wells thousands of non-eventful, the provision of user to open the door to the Green Mountains.
Chuyun down Stone, Jiang Yan Flying W coffin Temple. WU Shi romantic even amiable,
Kerry should meet at the new tour. Goat cheese never boast here, but people _set_ their own water shield soup.
Shuji are out the door, estuary Pianfan move. Orange Island sleep the night bamboo mat, Chun Shan near Maple Island.
Jane is very calm Sanin government to strike the only seeking things outside the track. Yan streams lace the sun_set_,
Bamboo Hueiji smoke clear peak. Merry Su Boyu wit, should be compared with the official dawn dusk by.
Love bass were fat snacks, cooked sugar hangover still pity. Zhijun refining think the fresh,
Quarter of children now Germany has neighbors. Shining future look like villas, a poem that sooner or later send Westerners.
坐见萋萋芳草绿。遥思往日晴江曲。刺船频向剡中回,
捧被曾过越人宿。花里莺啼白日高,春楼把酒送车螯。
狂歌好爱陶彭泽,佳句唯称谢法曹。平生乐事多如此,
忍为浮名隔千里。一雁南飞动客心,思归何待秋风起。
County Road Orange flower, the relay streaming river shore. Public doors Noir without incident, with appreciation to a blind date.
Fang Yi Green Solutions drunk early evening, squatting owl recommended Jiake should be adopted. When the water is far Ying Ji Nishikawa,
Wang Bi fly Guci free chicken. Aijun pleasure Jiaxing hair, the outer Tongliang think more than a dream.
一身复作云中客。寒风动地气苍茫,横吹先悲出塞长。
敲石军中传夜火,斧冰河畔汲朝浆。前锋直指阴山外,
虏骑纷纷胆应碎。匈奴破尽人看归,金印酬功如斗大。
Possession of Arthur Liu Yuxi bridge. Pity the homes with the clothes away, re-Hui to the neighbor down drunk.
Song Hong orange hands free, the empty mountains, a look partridge fly.
风流好继谢宣城。从军晓别龙骧幕,六骑先驱嘶近郭。
前路应留白玉台,行人辄美黄金络。使君下马爱瀛洲,
简贵将求物外游。听讼不闻乌布帐,迎宾暂著紫绨裘。
公庭日夕罗山翠,功遂心闲无一事。移书或问岛边人,
立仗时呼铃下吏。事业初传小夏侯,中年剑笏在西州。
浮云飞鸟两相忘,他日依依城上楼。
轻云日下不成阴,出对流芳搅别心。万雉城东春水阔,
千人乡北晚花深。旧竹青青常绕宅,到时疏旷应自适。
佳期纵得上宫游,旅食还为北邙客。路出司州胜景长,
西山翠色带清漳。仙人矶近茱萸涧,铜雀台临野马冈。
屡道主人多爱士,何辞策马千馀里。高谭魏国访先生,
修刺平原过内史。一举青云在早秋,恐君从此便淹留。
有钱莫向河间用,载笔须来阙下游。
千竿竹影乱登墙。园梅熟,家酝香。新湿头巾不复篸,
相看醉倒卧藜床。
Qing Li Po CDs street children. Heyang places near the county flower of deep, spring bamboo boat crossing Qishui map.
Jia Ye remain under the flood of new tours, group of public old heart blind date. Jin Panxiao grouper Zhuyi crucian carp,
Xiao-Ying Cui Yu Yu bamboo mat people. Wang Cheng promoting the book so early, in future should know Jubian speed.
Cold Water melon floating in May, the king sleeve river song.