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诗病五事
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  苏辙(1039-1112年),字子由,自号颍滨遗老,眉州眉山(今四川眉山)人。苏洵子。年十九,与兄轼同登进士科,又同策制举,授商州军事推官,后历任右司谏、尚书右丞、门下侍郎。以太中大夫致仕,卒于许州。为唐宋古文八大家之一,与父洵、兄轼合称“三苏”。著有《诗传》、《春秋传》、《古史》、《老子解》、《栾城集》等。《宋史》、《宋史新编》、《东都事略》、《名臣碑传琬琰集》、《元祐党人传》等及《新安志》均有传。宋人孙汝听有《苏颍滨年表》。
  
  《栾城集》,《郡斋读书志》著录于集类别集类,《遂初堂书目》著录于别集类,《直斋书录解题》著录于集部别集类,《宋史·艺文志》著录于集类别集类,《四库全书》收于集部别集类。《诗病五事》一卷,原载《栾城集》三集卷八,系随感之作,宋时不以为书名,《四川通志·经籍志》始以名书,并著录于诗文评类。
  
  苏辙青年时期在《上枢密韩太尉书》一文中,提出“养气”说,认为“文者,气之所形”。而“文不可以学而能,气可以养而致”。这里所说的“气”,近于作家的创作个性。“气”“充乎其中”则“见乎其文”,形成精神产品。“气”的获得,不但有赖于“浩然之气”的主观修养,更取决于“行天下”的客观阅历,这就较孟子唯心主义的“养气”说和曹丕“气不可力强而致”(《典论·论文》)的先天气质说,具有更为合理的内容。《诗病五事》作于中年以后,是苏辙的诗歌批评理论,更为充分地论述了“气”在文学中的表现,指出诗人之“气”外化为作品的“文气”或“词气”,亦即“文势”、“脉理”、“波澜”,构成诗歌的节奏和艺术风貌。所谓“子瞻诸文皆有奇气”,壮甫“词气如百金战马,注坡蓦涧,如履平地,得诗人之遗法”均是,而《大雅·绵》的“气象联络”,“脉理为一”,则是为文之“高致”、典范。苏辙又强调“奇气”出于诗人的人格美,“义理”是人格美的核心,从而将“气”置于“义理”的基础之上,视“养气”为对“义理”的熟悉和掌握,以“义理”为文学批评的最高标准。作为审美范畴的“义理”,主要是指儒家的伦理规范和政治原则,有着明显的功利主义色彩。《诗病五事》批评李白“不识理”,“华而不实,好事喜名,不知义理之所在”,就出于这种功利主义的偏见,指责孟郊“陋于闻道”,则是对诗人的苛求,和对诗歌艺术特征的忽略;而断言王安石《兼并》一诗为“昔之诗病,未有若此酷也”,更是囿于党见的攻讦。苏撤“养气”说及其对“文气”的阐释,在文学理论上有一定意义,但他恪守儒家诗教,坚持诗必须以孔孟“义理”为指归,忽视诗歌艺术本身的特点,自然导致对诗歌艺术规律的违背,对某些文学人物评价亦间或有失。三苏出自欧门,苏辙“义理”之说,当渊源于欧阳修“道胜者文不难而自至”(《答吴充秀才书》)等说,但议论偏执,尤以抑牵为甚,引起后人非议。《诗病五事》强调诗歌的思想性,在北宋独树一帜,影响及于其后的《岁寒堂诗话》、《巩溪诗话》、《老学庵笔记》诸作。
  
  哈哈儿据上海古籍出版社1978年版《栾城集》录校制作。除全文收录《诗病五事》外,另附录《栾城集》中散见诗话数则。
论语拾遗
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  Supplements like a roll of the Analects of Confucius Chendeng case before Sung Su Che essays preface that a little young to understand his brother Su Analects disgrace Huangzhou essays take the solution of the Analects of Confucius, said 10 of the 23 Grand homage to their homebound Yingchuan Analects of Confucius, Sun Zhou and other stresses that due to take Shi An important person of this book is not written SONG Zhi Shi for XXX for the four-volume Book of General pass this no details of what the MO is the book that has not re-examination of the chapter make it to where twenty-seven Thought of Justice for the non-thinking from the heart without transgressing the mood quite as involved with Zen Chi Gou Ren carry on with no love and no evil for evil is also injustice to see the pro-equality hear the Tao Xi die without regret in particular for the lived and not chaos to learn from, such as the science of the Gai Meishan's so complicated for two split-Shi also said it was where the three were invited to discuss chapter Heng Tian Shi that can overcome the self-serving is three Huan Zhang Confucius like to take this to the public room rut is useless and wish to know that the next monarch, although the meaning of Nan-zi, and Qi Shi owned by two chapters that the female soul music is not ordered by the public so it can be Jihuan Zi who have ordered is not that the princes of the rut as Duke Ling of Wei those who can not do much to Dr. Qi Lu Jun between Confucius Confucius had not then sit by their bait under its curse to Taber Taber DS chapter Shi thought disorder is not home so his name is not declared for Lu 隠 Song whichever is based are subject to its name bad rut is that the disaster began Lu Song taken none so bad as in the militant had also said all of its length than the Shi as his fortitude stiff as to permit a six-phase with the clever cover of bad science and into Chapter filial a brother each chapter of the exploration and study the text has quite a record this invention also always kept a Yan
  Qianlong four years the school on August Christine
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龙川略志
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  《龙川略志》和《龙川别志》是苏辙晚年隐居循州龙川时所写的笔记,《略志》主要追忆平生参与的各项政治活动,《别志》则主要记录所闻前贤及时贤的轶事。这些笔记反映了苏辙政治、经济、宗教等方面的主张也提供了宝贵的历史资料。
龙川别志
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  苏辙(1039-1112),字子由,一字同叔,眉山(今属四川)人。苏轼弟。与轼同登仁宗嘉佑二年(1057)进士,又同策制举,授商州军事推官。神宗朝王安石以执政领三司条例,命辙为之属。安石行青苗法,辙力陈其不可,出为河南推官。哲宗元佑中,召为右司谏,累迁御史中丞,拜尚书右丞,进门下侍郎。绍圣初,哲宗亲政,落职知汝州,旋谪筠州,以后复谪雷州、循州。元符三年(1100),北归居潁昌,筑室于颖川之滨,号潁滨遗老。徽宗政和二年卒。着有《栾城集》、《后集》、《三集》等传世。
  
  苏辙居循州龙川时先后撰着《龙川略志》与《龙川别志》二书。《别志》杂记宋太祖至哲宗各朝事,忠实于历史,有重要史料价值。本书晁公武《郡斋读书志》着录四卷,今国家图书馆所藏傅增湘影宋钞本(傅本)即为四卷。商濬《稗海》本(商本)及《四库全书》本(库本)均为二卷。校以傅本,前后次第并无差异。盖合卷一、卷二为卷上,卷三、卷四为卷下耳。另有夏敬观校勘之涵芬楼铅印本传世。(以上按《中国文学大辞典》,上海辞书出版社,2000年与及孔凡礼之《龙川略志》、《龙川别志》点校说明)
  
  是之录文,主要据孔凡礼整理之《龙川别志》(见于《全宋笔记》第一编第九册,大象出版社,2003年),该书以涵芬楼本为底本,以傅本为主校本,参校商本及库本,并据傅本补序一篇。过录时,复以俞宗宪点校之《龙川别志》(中华书局,1982年)辅校,补订了个别字。网络版校记按孔凡礼所校为主,酌取俞宗宪所校者。
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