Maple Review Home
   Chinese Literature Society of North America | Maple Review | Immigrants in Canada | Angel Studio | The Driftwood Artist Society | Ocean of Poetry | Island of Music
"HuaHe Cup" 2007 Chinese Mainland and Oversea Poetry Competition and Non-governmental Magazines and Newspapers Joint Exhibition starts on the first day of 2007.
  
 FAQFAQ   SearchSearch   MemberlistMemberlist   UsergroupsUsergroups   RegisterRegister  ProfileProfile    Log in to check your private messagesLog in to check your private messages   Sign inSign in   BlogsBlogs    Weblogs NewsWeblogs News   AlbumAlbum 
English Home Bilingual Home Chinese Home
Dictionary Check Poems' Rules & Forms Search for Chinese Poems Poetry & Music

Maple Review Home -> 谈古论今 Post new topic   Reply to topic
街亭之战与孟良崮之战
qinghongh
榜眼


Joined: 14 Oct 2007
Posts: 4110

qinghonghCollection
PostPosted: 2012-04-10 10:51:07    Post subject: 街亭之战与孟良崮之战 Reply with quote

街亭之战与孟良崮之战


三国时蜀汉参军马谡奉命守街亭要道,其实他和诸葛亮战前都没未曾料到曹魏司马懿会亲率主力大军袭夺街亭,所以才有马谡签下生死军令状,诸葛亮同意让他一试的情况。因为在无险可守的街亭要顶住司马懿率领的曹魏大军,如果兵力太少即使按诸葛亮的预设方案在路口下寨也根本不可能成功守住街亭。于是马谡自作主张屯兵于土山绝地,打算仿效项羽的破釜沉舟和韩信的背水列阵,期望蜀军“置于死地而后生”。谁知人算不如天算,蜀军出击时机太晚且无以死相拼的决心和勇气,最后惨败丢失街亭,马谡也赔上了性命被诸葛亮挥泪斩首。

从蜀魏双方街亭之战的战前调兵布局来看,司马懿显然胜过诸葛亮一筹;与诸葛亮仅派马谡及少数人马驻守蜀军粮道街亭相比,司马懿能亲率主力大军袭夺街亭,可见司马懿比诸葛亮更重视街亭的战略价值。纵观整个诸葛亮六出祁山北伐中原的蜀魏交战情况,司马懿以静制动指挥若定临危不乱,多数时候能料敌于诸葛亮之先,军事才能实际上高于诸葛亮。最后在曹魏没有重大损失情况下使劳而无功的诸葛亮累死五丈原。诸葛亮平生太过谨慎不肯冒险,几次失去出奇制胜的良机。其中最为可惜的是轻易放弃魏延从子午谷出奇兵袭长安的建议。其实这个计谋比后来邓艾偷渡阴平灭蜀的胜算更大。只是由于《三国演义》作者罗贯中的尊刘抑曹倾向而神话了诸葛亮的军事才能,在《三国演义》中描写诸葛亮时时处处神机妙算但实际上次次都并无战略收获。

类似马谡街亭之战的战例是国共内战时期张灵甫的孟良崮之战。所不同的是,马谡是没有实战经验的参军,而张灵甫曾是身经百战的抗日名将。张灵甫最初的设想与马谡相近,他将整编74师屯兵于孟良崮,本想利用居高临下的地形地理优势吸住共军华野主力来包围孟良崮,然后再让附近其余国军对华野实施反包围而进行内外夹击加以围歼。谁知国军高层指挥无方加上周围其它国军贪生怕死驰援不力,演变成了74师在孟良崮孤军奋战应对共军数个纵队的围攻,作战双方都浴血奋战顽强拼杀付出重大代价,最后74师寡不敌众被粟裕指挥的华野全歼。张灵甫虽勇但驰援的其它国军却多是只顾自保的鼠辈,偏偏张灵甫的对手又是共军能征惯战的骁将粟裕,孟良崮又是用兵绝地,所以张灵甫及74师难逃全军覆没的下场。

战场情况瞬息万变,势均力敌的交战双方往往胜负就在瞬间逆转,将领审时度势的指挥,军队顽强拼杀的勇气,以及机遇运气对于最后的结局都是极为重要的。
Back to top
View user's profile Send private message
白水
大学士


Joined: 02 Oct 2006
Posts: 14102
Location: TORONTO
白水Collection
PostPosted: 2012-04-12 04:46:21    Post subject: Reply with quote

从写诗到写史了,好才学 Very Happy
Back to top
View user's profile Send private message Blog
qinghongh
榜眼


Joined: 14 Oct 2007
Posts: 4110

qinghonghCollection
PostPosted: 2012-04-12 06:04:50    Post subject: Reply with quote

白水 Moonlight wrote:
从写诗到写史了,好才学 Very Happy


诗还继续写,笔还继续练。
Back to top
View user's profile Send private message
qinghongh
榜眼


Joined: 14 Oct 2007
Posts: 4110

qinghonghCollection
PostPosted: 2012-04-16 06:17:05    Post subject: Reply with quote

诸葛亮的街亭之失很类似袁绍的乌巢之失:街亭是蜀军粮道,乌巢是袁军粮仓;诸葛亮派空谈参军马谡率少数兵力守粮道,袁绍派嗜酒大将淳于琼率少数兵力守粮仓;显然都是对己方战略要点重视不够,失一要点而全局崩溃,犯的都是同样的致命错误。曹操率主力夜袭乌巢烧毁袁军军粮;司马懿率主力袭夺街亭断蜀军粮道,都是三国时期军事战略高手的上乘绝妙高招所为。
Back to top
View user's profile Send private message
Display posts from previous:   
Emoticons
Very Happy Smile Sad Surprised
Shocked Confused Cool Laughing
Mad Razz Embarassed Crying or Very sad
Evil or Very Mad Twisted Evil Rolling Eyes Wink
Exclamation Question Idea Arrow
View more Emoticons
Page 1 of 1           View previous topic View next topic    
Maple Review Home -> 谈古论今    Post new topic   Reply to topic
Jump to:  


Once you post your works here, that means you submits them to the magazine of Maple Review (North American Maple, or BeiMeiFeng), a bilingual journal published by Chinese Literature Society of North America. The magazine holds the right to translate them into Chinese, and publish them in both languages. You need to be responsible for the copyright issues of your own files uploaded.
Powered by phpBB © 2001, 2005 phpBB Group
phpBB Chinese interface was translated by iCy-fLaME