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浅谈语言的对立
qinghongh
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Joined: 14 Oct 2007
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PostPosted: 2012-02-16 14:20:59    Post subject: 浅谈语言的对立 Reply with quote

浅谈语言的对立

日本中国一衣带水,本是友好邻邦。盛唐时代日本曾送大批遣唐使留学唐朝,以期振兴日本。近代中国衰落后,日本明治维新“脱亚入欧”,再也看不起曾是天朝大国的中国,而且一再入侵欺负中国。

日语在历史上受汉语影响很深,至今日语中保留了很多汉字,只是发音有别。中国周边国家的语言如韩语,越语也是这样。根据我以前学过日语了解,日语中有些表达和中文刚好相反,形成对立。比如中文的“信札”在日语里汉字是“手纸”,给人写的信怎么可以同手纸相提并论?中文的“女儿”在日语里是“娘”,女儿和娘辈份不同,根本就相对嘛。这样的例子还可以找出来。

无独有偶,在中东的犹太民族和阿拉伯民族也是这样。这两个民族本来同宗同根,有共同的祖先亚伯拉罕。他们的生活习性也很相近,都是沙漠游牧民族发展而来。但在近代由于犹太人移居以色列而结成世仇后,互相敌视。这在语言里也有反映。比如犹太人喜欢取名叫本.什么的,本在希伯来语里是儿子的意思。例如以色列第一任总理叫本.古里安,意思是古里安的儿子。但阿拉伯人在这方面恰恰相反。阿拉伯人喜欢取名阿布.什么的,阿布的意思是“之父”。例如著名搞恐怖暗杀活动的阿布.尼达尔,意思是尼达尔之父。

中文和日语,希伯来语和阿拉伯语这两对冤家语言这种对立的例子还很多。喜欢作语言对比研究的人可以去慢慢探索。
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