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Liang nan - People chronology
1796 (Jiaqing first year), Liang was born in Shunde, Guangdong nan Fort London (now London town). Father and uncle are all learned men who, nurtured by the family, Zhong Ding Liang Ye Hao nan of the text since childhood.
1818 (Jiaqing twenty-three years), compiled, "Stone said the case" four volumes.
1829 (Daoguang nine), finished the "South Han" series of books.
1834 (fourth dynasty), the vice list in the tribute of Health, sub-employed into the coastal Press, codification "Meeting of Guangdong coastal view."
1837 (dynasty, seventeen years), the College majoring in Vietnam China, "Guangdong Customs records," and more contact with Western political and economic situation in the country. After two years to complete the book.
1839 (dynasty, nineteen years), smoking Lin to Canton, Liang nan whom ideas, and vigorously assist the smoking ban.
1844 (dynasty, twenty-four years), in mourning for the mother during the "persecution of Jesus into China, said," they write, "said United States Province", etc., after the Journal of Behavior "sea state four, said."
1849 (twenty-nine-year dynasty), into the city, initiated the struggle against British rule. Active for protecting the city, two years after the court Conferring book cabinet, and later added the title Shi Du.
Liang nan - Events
First month of 1765, the Qing emperor's southern tour, to Haining, returned to Beijing in April. Run in February, Wushi Muslim uprising in June after the crackdown. December trade with Russia because of private, Mongolia was cut soil Xie Jun Wang Jue figure, Minister of ugly things up killed.
First month of 1766, the Qing emperor issued an edict: Since this year (thirty-one years of Qianlong), the exemption Grain provinces within five years. November, due to Myanmar "reckless child" who commit the crimes, so that the Yunnan-Guizhou Governor Yang Kui the attack. December, "Qing Hui Dian" usurp into. This year, the capital of Myanmar break Siam Ayutthaya, Siam Zhengwang Phi Yeda letter (known as the Chinese Zheng Zhao, Chenghai people) rate five hundred people break out after the witch, according to Tuona, the self is king.
In 1768 the first month, defeated Army in Burma and the collapse, the amount due to the amount of Ledeng stay bungled, May, lynching. July, prohibits trafficking in Russia, Kazakhstan, etc. to sell goods into the Mainland. August, Phi Yeda letter sent envoys to the Qing Dynasty, the request canonized, the Qing emperor refute it. This year, Myanmar envoy please, ignore the Qing emperor.
Liang nan - People Dictionary
Statecraft, as historian
Liang nan's house has become a part of ordinary houses. Jpg
Confucian family background, hobbies stone early in the text of the Liang nan science of textual rhetoric, many works, 23 years old, published his debut on the "stone exploration cases," print and publish a few years later, "The Analects of Confucius of ancient solution."
After following the South Han, Liang nan on the country to focus on South Vietnam. In 1833, Liang nan completed in Guangxiao "South Vietnam five main Biography", Volume 3, followed by scattered historical records of the Yue State Historical together into a "cluster of South Vietnam record" Volume 2. Some experts think that these two local history books to fill the gaps in local history in Guangzhou.
In addition to history, the Liang nan opera writing in poetry also has outstanding achievements. Imagine if the way it continues, Liang nan more in academic achievement. 1834, Liang, deputy list in the tribute students nan. Finally have access to career, but as he entered the second year in Guangdong coastal Press, Liang nan important life changes took place.
Become more conservative, "Yu Yi Zhi policy" is "fear of the prestige"
Liang nan in the eyes of the enemy is weak and proud of the West, do not fight them, just fear of the Wei. His ideal policy for Yu Yi is the yield to fear the enemy, hoping the enemy without fighting the soldiers. He advocated the establishment of a powerful enemy naval fleet to service the earthquake, not to conquer the enemy. The idea is, no doubt, that the Qing imperial power and Western countries merely mediocre, he has not really recognize the trend of world development. Of course, he, after all, historical figures, not from the time of the times and social environment.
Practice salvation, in fact, the first person to see the world
Guangzhou, China at that time to implement a trade, and foreign merchant ships gathered in Guangzhou and, therefore, be multiple conflicts abroad, the land of pirates. In this case, local officials put the rectification coastal Guangdong put on the agenda. In 1834, Guangdong and Guangxi Governor Lu Kun Wah College located in Guangdong, Haiphong Vietnam Press, Compiling "Guangdong coastal exchange access", the following year, Liang nan was appointed into the bookstore, came into contact with the Western world.
As a result of the appreciation, Deng, Liang was appointed in 1836 the Control Yuan Yue Wah College. The second year, the Guangdong customs supervision employed Liang Yu-kun nan Chi Guangdong, Bureau of Customs Chief Editor, Chinese Academy of Red Cloud in Vietnam Pavilion Mirror compilation "Guangdong Customs annals." In the Local Records in the process, he read a lot of government offices files, have the opportunity to before, "the ancient Chinese who did not pass" in-depth investigation, which greatly broadened his horizons.
Daoguang nineteen years (1839) the first month, Lin ordered to ban opium in Guangdong, after the welcoming ceremony, the more he came to China directly to the College. At this point, as the Control Yuan of the Liang nan take the initiative to make out as more Chinese Academy of Xing Yuan Lin. College of China in Vietnam, Lin first visited the College nan Control Yuan Liang, Hai Phong and war preparations keep asking things, the two hit it off, talking about the Guangdong coastal and non-smoking thing, talked about quite well. Later Liang nan drawn map given to Lin Hai Phong.
In fact, as early as 10 years ago, when Lin Ren Hangjiahu seen Liang nan road works on him very much. Coming to Canton on the road, I heard that Liang nan Haiphong bookstore, handling all the States and from the instruments and coastal strategic pass, the county community hang, etc., so exhortations Liang nan the relevant coastal and foreigners of information collected, Liang nan finishing a lot of information to the forest Zexu, the preparations for the Lin Hai Phong provides the first information.
Liang nan Lin knowledge and talent won the trust of major events in the smoking ban, many discussions with the beam. At first, Lin feel the heavy responsibility, numerous affairs, I do not know how to arrange, Liang nan suggested that he "brainstorming, self-executable and use it," "After the situation but to those who see the barbarians." For this proposal, Lin is very appreciated.
Liang nan - Geographical Pursuit
London Town House
Guangxiao picture
Lunjiao cultural center of the town, said Mr. Lu, the former residence of the beam is still, and has been inhabited, Shunde District, the second survey on cultural relics of the data also confirmed this. See the registration form from the survey, has kept the house is still good, the land reform in 1952, when given to a local Zhengxing villagers living now, now that all property rights remain with Cheng. After Lo's instructions, the reporter in London found the town of Liang City pagoda nan's house. This is a green brick surface cottage, sitting northwest toward the southeast, small courtyard, is the leading two are the steps of housing, housing about 15 meters, Miankuo three.
Guangxiao's Tower
Related images
Guangxiao the northwest corner of Main Hall has a three-story tower, after thousands of years of wind and rain erosion, Tower Block has already begun following weathered stone. Before the tower is said to have seven of the last century houses collapsed due to typhoon thirties crushed the above four. Each floor tower surrounded by many small Buddha, the middle is surrounded by a large statue of Buddha. In the middle at the lowest level, each side has a piece of text. Careful identification can see, the cast recorded the age and who donated. The reporter saw a text description of the tower was built in Great Treasure six years (963 years). One day 100 years ago, teenage Liang nan near the Eiffel Tower, the record carefully to identify the above.
The disappearance of more Wah College
Guangxiao from research to the organization by the Anti-British history of the more Wah College, as an intellectual Liang nan road quite interesting.
As one of four College of Qing Dynasty, Guangzhou, and is compiled Liang nan had been "Guangdong Coastal Health Facts" and "Guangdong Customs records," the place, the specific location has now very few people know. It is in more Chinese Academy of five years, it changed the trajectory of life Liang nan, let him see the outside world.
Map of Guangzhou City from the Qing point of view, the more Chinese Academy Yuehua Road in the middle of this area, Yuehua Road is due to the hospital its name. Backstreet Division was called here, as in the Qing Dynasty in Guangdong administrative commissioner Yashu behind the name. China on the way to go in Vietnam, surrounded by densely populated housing density, traffic coming and going, did not see the year left the College to the sites.
Guardian Street, Du Fu Guang Zhang Suian neighborhood community living here for decades, filed for the case of a child more Wah College in mind. "It was a two-storey house of brick tiles. Yuehua Road is on a four meter tall wooden doors, imposing, the amount written on the door more Chinese Academy of four characters. In front of a 1.5-meter-high stone placed . the door, the right is the Zhu ladder to the second floor can be. "According to him, the more Chinese Academy more than 10 houses, he was a boy there are two people living inside ancestral portraits hanging Zhang. When pulled down in 1968. 64, Yuehua Road, now is the year where more Chinese Academy, the position of the door has now become a small shop.
Liang nan - People Stories
Wrote the first History of the United States Department of
Carried out for the smoking ban "social survey"
A year later, Lin Yue Wah College moved from the time of the Liang nan apologize, "I accounted for all Stanford students, the special report disturbing." Liang said, "something to the public in Cantonese, had long hoped for all students, how sorry is." Lin Liang nan fully support the actions and in their feelings to make the remark. May 1841, when Lin was transferred to Zhejiang, the Liang nan "still deeply distraught", whom the night went off Foshan terminal, to poetry and literature, round fan as a gift for parting.
And the British do not shake hands
Opium War, China most of the literati of the United Kingdom also "really do not know its origin," while in "Guangdong Customs records," in Liang nan has been able to ensure that their location, and recorded the British political, economic, property and so on.
To the end of the Opium War, Liang nan has become a research center at signs of the times of the celebrities. June 1842, Xu Jiyu any Azechi Guangdong history, he had to ask repeatedly Liang nan overseas knowledge. Opium War, inspired Liang nan wrote books began to introduce the people know the mind of the Western world.
Leading into the city of Guangzhou People's struggle against British rule, Liang nan meet with the British Consul, Consulate General in and out when people walk by Western etiquette for the ceremony to shake hands, except Liang Zuo Yi nan far, we can see he is keeping with the West certain distance. If this is not open enough Liang nan thought, does not seem reasonable, it may be his "sea state four, said," just print and publish, he felt a strong public opinion. In the "atmosphere Yi Wen Ji" end of the book, he opposed the study and the West, probably under pressure of public opinion, ideological conservative, due to the sense of participation decreased.
Liang nan - Experts on the Road
Liang Wei nan even earlier than World
History of Guangzhou Academy of Social Sciences researcher Luo Baoshan, who point the school had "sea state four, said."
Simply looking at the real world on behalf of Liang nan's book is "sea state four, said." And Wei, Xu Jiyu, who compared Liang nan earlier contact with Western ideas and culture. Wei Yuan was in the Yangtze River Delta area, he has not been to Guangzhou, Xu Jiyu in Fujian. Liang nan fifteen years from the dynasty (1835) began compiling of "Guangdong Coastal Health Facts," and then compile "Guangdong Customs Chi", in the process, his real economic and cultural contacts with the West. Yangtze River Delta, the real contact with Western ideology and culture for nearly half a century later than the Pearl River Delta. If terms of timing, the first contact with the West is Liang nan, followed by Wei Yuan, and finally Xu Jiyu.
Wei Yuan's "World Notes," then spread to Japan, its impact than the "sea-country, four said," to be large, so now you mention eyes open to see the world, always the first Tiwei source.
Liang nan heart still "Hua Yi Do not"
Chenze Hong, Deputy Director of Guangzhou Local Taxation Local Museum
Q: Liang nan in the eyes open to see what the world is the status of a group of people, his views and the views of Wei What is the difference?
A: Liang nan Compilation "Guangdong coastal exchange access", "Guangdong Customs records," the experience, so he contacted a large number of Western countries, the political, economic, and property information. Before him, it was also turning their attention overseas, the book presents, such as writing thank Kiyotaka "sea record," but he only introduced the West fragmented situation, understanding is not clear. Liang nan introduction to the outside world, focusing on modern China and the West to seize the fundamentally different world, different social systems, including political, economic and cultural systems are different. "Sea country, four said" focus on Anglo-American countries. It can be said Liang nan is open before and after the Opium War saw an outstanding representative of the world.
And Wei "learning Technology from the Western" point of view than the more comprehensive understanding of Liang nan, profound concern to the Western political system and its national independence and prosperity of the relationship, noting the industrial society, the business community and between the agricultural society important differences. Recognizing driven by commercial interests, "Real covet desired by its co-benefits" of Western colonial expansion of activities. This was very valuable.
Q: Liang nan pre-textual rhetoric focused on the middle-aged Western countries concerned about the situation turned in his later years but tend to be conservative, why does this change.
A: Liang nan came Scholars, have worked through Guangzhou, Guangdong Academy show, a lot of poetry books. His father and uncle were avid readers of the learned scholar, and parents are regular exchanges of Sinology in Lingnan artists. Influenced by this environment since childhood, he naturally concerned about the history. With the Western powers invaded China, when the people of insight are strong stimulation, started out of the library, re-initiated science of statecraft, which is a big reason for Liang nan change. More immediately, he was the more candidates participate in repair Wah College, "Department of the Guangdong coastal access" when the coastal visit, the pain of the impact foreign ships, coastal advocate effectively straighten out, and led to exploration of these "ancient road of the country is not "interest. After the Chief Editor "Guangdong Customs records," the process, each of the Western countries has been to research, time and reality to promote him from the circle of textual exegesis to disentangle, concern about current affairs and concerned about things outside your domain. Of course, the history of iconic him deeply that he has a conservative side ideologically, from the beginning of the Opium smoking spectacular setbacks, so he lost the original of your heart and turn tend to be conservative, and unequivocal opposition to the West the idea of learning, of course, he was the pressure of public opinion, there are the traditional culture in the minds of his deep role. He wrote of the "atmosphere Yi Wen Ji" critical "learning Technology from the Western" point of view, put forward an ideal strategy for Yu Yi, and his heart is still with the other concepts Hua Yi, in his view, As long as China built a hundred ships, organizational million fleet, sent orders Cruiser, can prevent the enemy's attack. He also believes that technology is the enemy of the so-called long inherent in Chinese, do not have to learn from the West, and learning from the west beneath the state system. For a historical figure, the limitations of their knowledge of history can not be demanding.
Translated by Google