唐代  (566年～635年)

姓：	李
名：	淵
字：	叔德
網筆號：	神堯大聖大光孝皇帝
廟號：	高祖
籍貫：	趙郡
陵墓：	獻陵
開端 終結 在位 618年 626年 武德 618年五月 626年十二月  詩詞： 《嘲蘇世長 Su long ridiculed the world》    閱讀李淵 Li Yuan在诗海的作品!!!

　　唐高祖李淵（566～635）。唐代開國皇帝。字叔德。先世本為趙郡（今河北趙縣）李氏。祖父李虎，西魏時官至太尉。父李柄，北周時歷官御史大夫、安州總管、柱國大將軍。母為隋文帝獨孤皇后姐，故特見親重。隋煬帝即位後，李淵任滎陽（今河南鄭州）、樓煩（今山西靜樂）二郡太守。後被召為殿內少監，遷衛尉少卿。大業十一年（615），拜山西河東慰撫大使。十三年，拜太原留守。當時，隋末農民起義遍布全國。李淵自知無力鎮壓農民起義，又深曉煬帝猜忌嗜殺，政局動亂，難於自保，便與次子李世民在大業十三年五月起事，並從河東（今山西永濟西）召回長子李建成和四子李元吉。李淵起兵後，一面遣劉文靜出使突厥，請求始畢可汗派兵馬相助，一面召募軍隊，並於七月率師南下。此時瓦崗軍在李密領導下與睏守洛陽的王世充激戰方酣，李淵乘隙進取關中。
　　十一月攻拔長安，在關中站穩了腳跟。李淵入長安後，立煬帝孫代王侑為天子（恭帝），改元義寧，遙尊煬帝為太上皇；又以楊侑名義自加假黃鉞、使持節、大都督內外諸軍事、尚書令、大丞相，進封唐王，綜理萬機。次年（618）五月，李淵稱帝，改國號唐，定都長安。不久唐統一了全國。李淵在位時期，依據隋文帝舊製，重新建立中央及地方行政制度，又修定律令格式，頒布均田製及租庸調製，重建府兵製，為唐代的職官、刑律、兵製、土地及課役等制度奠定了基礎。武德年間，統治集團內部充滿了復雜的鬥爭。裴寂和劉文靜都是太原起兵時的佐命元從，裴寂深得唐高祖的寵信；劉文靜為秦王世民的心腹，自以才略功勳居裴寂之右而位居其下，意甚不平。李淵藉故殺了劉文靜。秦王世民自認為在唐王朝建立的過程中，他的功業超過太子李建成，但因是次子無法繼承皇位；太子建成亦深知世民是自己皇儲的地位的重大威脅。於是，雙方展開了劇烈的爭奪皇位繼承權的鬥爭。在這場政爭中，李淵則經常站在建成一邊。太子的心腹楊文斡受命召募壯士送長安，以供李建成發動政變時使用。
　　武德七年（624），有人嚮李淵揭穿這件事，李淵盛怒之下産生了廢李建成、改立李世民為太子的念頭，但並未實現。武德九年六月初四爆發了玄武門之變。在這次政變中，李世民殺李建成和李元吉，逼李淵立己為太子。不久，李淵退位為太上皇，李世民即位，是為唐太宗。李淵在度過一段閑散失意生活後，死於太安宮。廟號高祖。葬於獻陵。
　　在唐朝建立初期統治各集團中，李淵集團是最大的，有太原起兵的勳臣裴寂、唐儉、竇威兄弟、溫大雅兄弟、劉弘基、殷開山、劉政會、任瑰、史大奈等，女兒平陽公主夫婦、馬三寶等，隋朝歸附的很多官僚，如陳叔達、屈突通、蕭瑀、封倫、宇文士及、楊恭仁兄弟等人也屬於李淵集團。而太子集團衹有魏徵、馮立、謝叔方、薛萬徹等少量人才，李綱被疏遠，杜淹被房玄齡拉入天策府，太子集團主要依靠李淵集團，李世民集團是他在割據戰爭中逐漸建立起來的以房杜為首的天策府官員，其成員都是大傢非常熟悉的。另外被忽視的是宗室各集團，以李神通、李孝恭為首的兩大集團中，李神通最早在關中起兵，部下有史萬寶、令狐德芬等，在割據戰爭中也招攬了不少人，其中最著名的是李績。李孝恭平定山南地區，與李靖攻占江南，該集團有李靖、馮盎、劉洎和江南歸附的人。這兩個集團在政局中也有重要影響力，李世民探詢李靖、李績，瞭解這兩個集團的中立態度，纔發動了玄武門兵變。
　　
　　後妃
　　
　　皇后: 竇皇后
　　妃嬪
　　萬貴妃
　　尹德妃
　　宇文昭儀
　　莫嬪
　　孫嬪
　　崔嬪
　　楊嬪
　　小楊嬪
　　張婕妤
　　薛婕妤 薛道衡女，後封河東郡夫人，出傢為尼。
　　郭婕妤
　　劉婕妤
　　張美人
　　楊美人
　　王才人
　　魯才人
　　張寶林
　　柳寶林
　　張氏
　　
　　子
　　1. 隴西郡公→唐王世子→皇太子→除籍→息隱王→隱太子李建成（母竇皇后）
　　2. 敦煌郡公→秦國公→趙國公→秦王→皇太子→太宗李世民（母竇皇后）
　　3. 衛懷王李玄霸（母竇皇后）
　　4. 姑臧郡公→齊王→除籍→海陵郡王→巢刺王李元吉（母竇皇后）
　　5. 楚哀王李智雲（母萬貴妃）
　　6. 趙王→荊王李元景（母莫嬪）
　　7. 魯王→漢王李元昌（母孫嬪）
　　8. 酆悼王李元亨（母尹德妃）
　　9. 周王李元方（母張氏）
　　10. 鄭王→徐康王李元禮（母郭婕妤）
　　11. 宋王→徐王→韓王李元嘉（母宇文昭儀）
　　12. 荊王→彭思王李元則（母王才人）
　　13. 藤王→鄭惠王李元懿（母張寶林）
　　14. 蜀王→吳王→霍王李元軌（母張美人）
　　15. 豳王→虢莊王李鳳（母楊美人）
　　16. 漢王→陳王→道孝王李元慶（母劉婕妤）
　　17. 鄶王→鄧康王李元裕（母崔嬪）
　　18. 譙王→舒王李元名（母小楊嬪）
　　19. 魏王→燕王→魯王李靈夔（母宇文昭儀）
　　20. 許王→江安王李元祥（母楊嬪）
　　21. 密貞王李元曉（母魯才人）
　　22. 滕王李元嬰（母柳寶林）
　　
　　李淵共有19位女兒：
　　1. 長沙公主（下嫁馮少師）
　　2. 襄陽公主（下嫁竇誕）
　　3. 平陽公主（謚號“昭”，稱平陽昭公主，母竇皇后，下嫁柴紹）
　　4. 高密公主（下嫁長孫孝政，又嫁段綸）
　　5. 長慶公主（先封為桂陽公主，下嫁趙慈景，又嫁楊師道）
　　6. 長沙公主（先封為萬春公主，下嫁豆盧懷讓）
　　7. 房陵公主（先封為永嘉公主，下嫁竇奉節，又嫁賀蘭僧伽）
　　8. 九江公主（下嫁執失思力）
　　9. 廬陵公主（下嫁喬師望）
　　10. 南昌公主（下嫁蘇勖）
　　11. 安平公主（下嫁楊思敬）
　　12. 淮南公主（下嫁封道言）
　　13. 真定公主（下嫁崔恭禮）
　　14. 衡陽公主（下嫁阿史那社爾）
　　15. 丹陽公主（下嫁薛萬徹）
　　16. 臨海公主（下嫁裴律師）
　　17. 館陶公主（下嫁崔宣慶）
　　18. 安定公主（先封為千金公主，下嫁溫挺，又嫁鄭敬玄）
　　19. 常樂公主（下嫁趙瑰）

　　Li Yuan Emperor in Tang dynasty (566 ~ 635). Tang Dynasty emperor. Zi Shu Tak. Bloods and this is Beijing as Examples (now Hebei Zhaoxian) Lee. Grandfather Li Hu, when the official to Western Wei Qiu. Father Lee Byung, Zhou official royal doctor when the calendar, Ann Zhouzong Guan, Zhu Guo major general. Sister to Emperor Wen Tokgo Queen Mother, so special, see the pro-heavy. Emperor's reign, Yuan Li Ren Xing Yang (Zhengzhou, Henan Province today), Lou Fan (now Shanxi Jingle) Erjun Prefecture. Called for the hall after Chien Wei Wei Shaoqing move. Cause 10 year (615), thanks to the Ambassador of Shanxi Hedong consolation. 10 years, thanks to staying in Taiyuan. At that time, Sui peasant uprisings throughout the country. Li Yuan knew unable to suppress the peasant uprising, and deep suspicion Killer Emperor Xiao Yang, political unrest, difficult to protect themselves, then with the second son, Li Shimin, May uprising in the cause of 10 years, and from east of the river (now Shanxi Yongji West) called Back to the eldest son, Li Jiancheng and four sub-Li Yuanji. Li Yuan raise an army, the side of the Turkish ambassador to repatriate Liu Wenjing, a request to send troops until completion of Khan Ma aid, the military aspect of recruiting and south division rate in July. Mi Wagang Army leadership at this time and trapped in Luoyang Wang Shichong fighting side intoxicated, Li Yuan Cheng Xi Guan in progress.
　　November Gongba Chang'an, to stand firm in the relations. After Li Yuan into Chang'an, Emperor Li Yang Yu-Sun on behalf of the king as the emperor (Emperor Gong), reign title Yi Ning, Yang Tai remote respect for the overlord; You Yi Yang Yu-Huang Yue false name from Canada, so Chijie, viceroy, all inside and outside the military, Book of Order, a large prime minister, into the closed Prince Tang, overall management of 10 000 aircraft. The following year (618) in May, Li Yuan emperor, changed the title of the Tang capital in Changan. Don unified the country soon. During the reign of Li Yuan, Emperor Wen according to the old system, to re-establish central and local administrative systems, but also revised the format precepts, enacting Surroundings and rental Substitution, reconstruction Fubing, as the Tang Dynasty Official, criminal law, military organization, land and class Existing systems of the foundation. Takenori years, the ruling is full of complicated internal struggles. Pei Ji and Liu Wenjing are Taiyuan raise an army from the time of Zuo Ming Yuan, Pei Ji won the Emperor in Tang's specially trusted; Liu Wenjing Qin Wangshi people as trusted, since only slight contributions to the right hand of the Home Pei Ji, ranking under it, meaning even unfair. Liu Wenjing Li Yuan excuse to kill. Qinwang Shi China since the Tang dynasty that established the process, his exploits over Prince Li Jiancheng, but is the second son can not inherit the throne; Prince into the world people are aware of their own major threat to the status of the Crown Prince. Thus, the two sides launched a fierce fight for the throne succession struggle. In this political battle, Li Yuan is often completed while standing. Prince's inner warrior sent Yang turn ordered recruitment of Chang'an, a coup for Li Jiancheng use.
　　Takenori seven (624), Li Yuan was exposed to this, Li Yuan fury had spent Li Jiancheng, Li Li Shimin the Prince to change the idea, but did not materialize. Takenori nine fourth day in June broke Xuanwu Gate Incident. During the coup, killed Li Jiancheng and Li Yuanji Li Shimin, Li Yuan Li had been forced to Prince. Soon, Li Yuan abdicated as the overlord, Li Shimin throne, is to Tang. Li Yuan spent some idle frustration in life, the die is too safe house. Temple name emperor. Buried in Xian Ling.
　　In the Tang Dynasty in the early period of the ruling groups, Li Yuan Group is the largest, with Taiyuan raise an army of Xun Chen Pei Ji, Tang Jian, Dou Wei brothers, Wen Daya brother, Liu Hongji, Yin mountains, Liu political will, any Rose, History major Chennai, etc., the daughter Princess Pingyang wife, Ma peppers, Sui join themselves to a lot of bureaucracy, such as Chen Shu Da, Qu suddenly pass, Xiao Yu, Feng Lun, Yuwen disabilities and Yang Kung-Jen Yuan Li brothers, who also belong to the Group. The Prince Group, only Wei Zheng, Feng Li, Uncle Xie Fang, Xue million Toru such a small amount of talent, Li Gang alienation, Du flooded by Fang Xuanling pulled into the days of making the government, Prince Group, rely mainly on Li Yuan Group, Li Shimin Group is in his separatist war has gradually built up The day, led by the Housing Strategy Du government officials, its members are very familiar. Also overlooked is the imperial clan groups to Lee supernatural powers, Li Xiaogong led two groups, Li Guan in the early supernatural powers dispatched troops, men with history of Bo, Ling Hu Fen, etc., are also recruiting in the separatist war, many of whom The most famous is Li Ji. Li Xiaogong put down Shannan Prefecture, and Li Jing captured south, the group has Li Jing, Feng Ang, Liu JI and South join themselves to the people. These two groups in the political situation also has important influence on Li Jing Li Shimin inquiry, Li Ji, to understand the neutrality of the two groups before launching the Xuanwumen Mutiny.
　　Empress
　　Empress: Empress Dou
　　Concubines
　　10000 Royal
　　Yin Defei
　　Yuwen 昭仪
　　Mo 嫔
　　Sun 嫔
　　Cui 嫔
　　Yang 嫔
　　Xiao Yang 嫔
　　Zhang Jieyu
　　Xuejie Yu Xue Daoheng women, after freeze-up/break-up Ōita wife, a nun.
　　Guo Jieyu
　　Liu Jieyu
　　Zhang beauty
　　Young Americans
　　Wang was one
　　Lu was one
　　Zhang Baolin
　　Liu Baolin
　　Cheung
　　Son
　　1. Longxi Crown owned High → Tang Wangshi child → → → household registration termination implicit interest rate implicit king → Prince Li Jiancheng (sinus Queen Mother)
　　2. Dunhuang owned High → → Qinguo Gong Qin Zhao Guogong → → → Crown Taizong Li Shimin (the mother Empress Dou)
　　3. Huai WANG Wei LI Xuan Ba (sinus Queen Mother)
　　4. Guzang household registration termination owned High → King of Qi → → → Hailing Dukes nest thorn Wang Liyuan Ji (Dou Queen Mother)
　　5. Chu Silla Lizhi Yun (female 10 000 Royal)
　　6. → Zhao Jing Wang Yuan-Jing Li (Mother Mo Pin)
　　7. Luwang → Hanwang Li Yuanchang (Mother Sun Pin)
　　Eight. Feng Dao Wang Li Yuanheng (female Yin Defei)
　　9. Zhou Wang Li Fang (mother Cheung)
　　10. Wat → Liyuan Li Hsu Kang (mother Guojie Yu)
　　11. Sung Wong → → Han Wang Liyuan Jia Wang Xu (Master Yuwen Zhao Yi)
　　12. Jing Wang Si Wang Li Peng → then (only one female king)
　　13. Rattan king → Zheng Hui Wang Liyuan Yi (female Bao-lin)
　　14. → king → King Shu Huo Wang Li-rail (the mother Zhang Beauty)
　　15. → Guo Prince Zhuang Feng-Bin Wang (Master Yang Beauty)
　　16. Hanwang → → Tao Wang Chen Xiao Wang GUIZHOU (Mother Liu Jieyu)
　　17. Kuai → Tang Kang Wang Liyuan Yu (home Cui Pin)
　　18. Qiao Wang Wang Shu Li → name (mother Xiao Yang Pin)
　　19. The King → → Lu Wang Yan Wang Ling Li Kui (Mother Yuwen Zhao Yi)
　　20. → Jiang Xu Wang An Wang Yuan-Xiang Li (Mother Yang Pin)
　　21. Middle Ching Wang Liyuan Xiao (only one parent Lu)
　　22. Teng Wang Lee Immortal Infant (female Liu Baolin)
　　Li Yuan, a total of 19 daughters:
　　1. Changsha Princess (married von less division)
　　2. Xiangyang Princess (married sinus Festival)
　　3. Pingyang Princess (posthumous title of "Chao," Chao said the Princess Pingyang, mother Empress Dou, married Chaishao)
　　4. High-density Princess (married long-Sun Xiaozheng, married to Duan Lun)
　　5. Changqing Princess (first labeled Guiyang Princess, married Chiu Tsz King, married to Young Profession)
　　6. Changsha Princess (first labeled Wanchun Princess, married beans Lu Huai)
　　7. Room Ling Princess (first labeled Yongjia Princess, married sinus Fengjie, they married Helan Sangha)
　　8. Jiujiang Princess (loss of thinking power married executive)
　　9. Luling Princess (married Joe Master Wang)
　　10. Nanchang Princess (married Su Xu)
　　11. Anping Princess (married Yang Sijing)
　　12. Huainan Princess (married seal on word)
　　13. Really be Princess (married Choi Christine Li)
　　14. Hengyang Princess (married Ashina Society Hill)
　　15. Danyang Princess (married Xue million Toru)
　　16. Linhai Princess (marry Bae Law)
　　17. Guantao Princess (married Cuixuan Qing)
　　18. Stability Princess (labeled first daughter princess to marry quite warm, but also married Zheng Jingxuan)
　　19. Sheung Lok Princess (married Zhao Gui)