唐代  (566年～635年)

姓：	李
名：	渊
字：	叔德
网笔号：	神尧大圣大光孝皇帝
庙号：	高祖
籍贯：	赵郡
陵墓：	献陵
开端 终结 在位 618年 626年 武德 618年5月 626年12月  诗词： 《嘲苏世长 Su long ridiculed the world》    阅读李渊 Li Yuan在诗海的作品!!!

　　唐高祖李渊（566～635）。唐代开国皇帝。字叔德。先世本为赵郡（今河北赵县）李氏。祖父李虎，西魏时官至太尉。父李柄，北周时历官御史大夫、安州总管、柱国大将军。母为隋文帝独孤皇后姐，故特见亲重。隋炀帝即位后，李渊任荥阳（今河南郑州）、楼烦（今山西静乐）二郡太守。后被召为殿内少监，迁卫尉少卿。大业十一年（615），拜山西河东慰抚大使。十三年，拜太原留守。当时，隋末农民起义遍布全国。李渊自知无力镇压农民起义，又深晓炀帝猜忌嗜杀，政局动乱，难于自保，便与次子李世民在大业十三年五月起事，并从河东（今山西永济西）召回长子李建成和四子李元吉。李渊起兵后，一面遣刘文静出使突厥，请求始毕可汗派兵马相助，一面召募军队，并于七月率师南下。此时瓦岗军在李密领导下与困守洛阳的王世充激战方酣，李渊乘隙进取关中。
　　十一月攻拔长安，在关中站稳了脚跟。李渊入长安后，立炀帝孙代王侑为天子（恭帝），改元义宁，遥尊炀帝为太上皇；又以杨侑名义自加假黄钺、使持节、大都督内外诸军事、尚书令、大丞相，进封唐王，综理万机。次年（618）五月，李渊称帝，改国号唐，定都长安。不久唐统一了全国。李渊在位时期，依据隋文帝旧制，重新建立中央及地方行政制度，又修定律令格式，颁布均田制及租庸调制，重建府兵制，为唐代的职官、刑律、兵制、土地及课役等制度奠定了基础。武德年间，统治集团内部充满了复杂的斗争。裴寂和刘文静都是太原起兵时的佐命元从，裴寂深得唐高祖的宠信；刘文静为秦王世民的心腹，自以才略功勋居裴寂之右而位居其下，意甚不平。李渊借故杀了刘文静。秦王世民自认为在唐王朝建立的过程中，他的功业超过太子李建成，但因是次子无法继承皇位；太子建成亦深知世民是自己皇储的地位的重大威胁。于是，双方展开了剧烈的争夺皇位继承权的斗争。在这场政争中，李渊则经常站在建成一边。太子的心腹杨文斡受命召募壮士送长安，以供李建成发动政变时使用。
　　武德七年（624），有人向李渊揭穿这件事，李渊盛怒之下产生了废李建成、改立李世民为太子的念头，但并未实现。武德九年六月初四爆发了玄武门之变。在这次政变中，李世民杀李建成和李元吉，逼李渊立己为太子。不久，李渊退位为太上皇，李世民即位，是为唐太宗。李渊在度过一段闲散失意生活后，死于太安宫。庙号高祖。葬于献陵。
　　在唐朝建立初期统治各集团中，李渊集团是最大的，有太原起兵的勋臣裴寂、唐俭、窦威兄弟、温大雅兄弟、刘弘基、殷开山、刘政会、任瑰、史大奈等，女儿平阳公主夫妇、马三宝等，隋朝归附的很多官僚，如陈叔达、屈突通、萧瑀、封伦、宇文士及、杨恭仁兄弟等人也属于李渊集团。而太子集团只有魏征、冯立、谢叔方、薛万彻等少量人才，李纲被疏远，杜淹被房玄龄拉入天策府，太子集团主要依靠李渊集团，李世民集团是他在割据战争中逐渐建立起来的以房杜为首的天策府官员，其成员都是大家非常熟悉的。另外被忽视的是宗室各集团，以李神通、李孝恭为首的两大集团中，李神通最早在关中起兵，部下有史万宝、令狐德芬等，在割据战争中也招揽了不少人，其中最著名的是李绩。李孝恭平定山南地区，与李靖攻占江南，该集团有李靖、冯盎、刘洎和江南归附的人。这两个集团在政局中也有重要影响力，李世民探询李靖、李绩，了解这两个集团的中立态度，才发动了玄武门兵变。
　　
　　后妃
　　
　　皇后: 窦皇后
　　妃嫔
　　万贵妃
　　尹德妃
　　宇文昭仪
　　莫嫔
　　孙嫔
　　崔嫔
　　杨嫔
　　小杨嫔
　　张婕妤
　　薛婕妤 薛道衡女，后封河东郡夫人，出家为尼。
　　郭婕妤
　　刘婕妤
　　张美人
　　杨美人
　　王才人
　　鲁才人
　　张宝林
　　柳宝林
　　张氏
　　
　　子
　　1. 陇西郡公→唐王世子→皇太子→除籍→息隐王→隐太子李建成（母窦皇后）
　　2. 敦煌郡公→秦国公→赵国公→秦王→皇太子→太宗李世民（母窦皇后）
　　3. 卫怀王李玄霸（母窦皇后）
　　4. 姑臧郡公→齐王→除籍→海陵郡王→巢刺王李元吉（母窦皇后）
　　5. 楚哀王李智云（母万贵妃）
　　6. 赵王→荆王李元景（母莫嫔）
　　7. 鲁王→汉王李元昌（母孙嫔）
　　8. 酆悼王李元亨（母尹德妃）
　　9. 周王李元方（母张氏）
　　10. 郑王→徐康王李元礼（母郭婕妤）
　　11. 宋王→徐王→韩王李元嘉（母宇文昭仪）
　　12. 荆王→彭思王李元则（母王才人）
　　13. 藤王→郑惠王李元懿（母张宝林）
　　14. 蜀王→吴王→霍王李元轨（母张美人）
　　15. 豳王→虢庄王李凤（母杨美人）
　　16. 汉王→陈王→道孝王李元庆（母刘婕妤）
　　17. 郐王→邓康王李元裕（母崔嫔）
　　18. 谯王→舒王李元名（母小杨嫔）
　　19. 魏王→燕王→鲁王李灵夔（母宇文昭仪）
　　20. 许王→江安王李元祥（母杨嫔）
　　21. 密贞王李元晓（母鲁才人）
　　22. 滕王李元婴（母柳宝林）
　　
　　李渊共有19位女儿：
　　1. 长沙公主（下嫁冯少师）
　　2. 襄阳公主（下嫁窦诞）
　　3. 平阳公主（谥号“昭”，称平阳昭公主，母窦皇后，下嫁柴绍）
　　4. 高密公主（下嫁长孙孝政，又嫁段纶）
　　5. 长庆公主（先封为桂阳公主，下嫁赵慈景，又嫁杨师道）
　　6. 长沙公主（先封为万春公主，下嫁豆卢怀让）
　　7. 房陵公主（先封为永嘉公主，下嫁窦奉节，又嫁贺兰僧伽）
　　8. 九江公主（下嫁执失思力）
　　9. 庐陵公主（下嫁乔师望）
　　10. 南昌公主（下嫁苏勖）
　　11. 安平公主（下嫁杨思敬）
　　12. 淮南公主（下嫁封道言）
　　13. 真定公主（下嫁崔恭礼）
　　14. 衡阳公主（下嫁阿史那社尔）
　　15. 丹阳公主（下嫁薛万彻）
　　16. 临海公主（下嫁裴律师）
　　17. 馆陶公主（下嫁崔宣庆）
　　18. 安定公主（先封为千金公主，下嫁温挺，又嫁郑敬玄）
　　19. 常乐公主（下嫁赵瑰）

　　Li Yuan Emperor in Tang dynasty (566 ~ 635). Tang Dynasty emperor. Zi Shu Tak. Bloods and this is Beijing as Examples (now Hebei Zhaoxian) Lee. Grandfather Li Hu, when the official to Western Wei Qiu. Father Lee Byung, Zhou official royal doctor when the calendar, Ann Zhouzong Guan, Zhu Guo major general. Sister to Emperor Wen Tokgo Queen Mother, so special, see the pro-heavy. Emperor's reign, Yuan Li Ren Xing Yang (Zhengzhou, Henan Province today), Lou Fan (now Shanxi Jingle) Erjun Prefecture. Called for the hall after Chien Wei Wei Shaoqing move. Cause 10 year (615), thanks to the Ambassador of Shanxi Hedong consolation. 10 years, thanks to staying in Taiyuan. At that time, Sui peasant uprisings throughout the country. Li Yuan knew unable to suppress the peasant uprising, and deep suspicion Killer Emperor Xiao Yang, political unrest, difficult to protect themselves, then with the second son, Li Shimin, May uprising in the cause of 10 years, and from east of the river (now Shanxi Yongji West) called Back to the eldest son, Li Jiancheng and four sub-Li Yuanji. Li Yuan raise an army, the side of the Turkish ambassador to repatriate Liu Wenjing, a request to send troops until completion of Khan Ma aid, the military aspect of recruiting and south division rate in July. Mi Wagang Army leadership at this time and trapped in Luoyang Wang Shichong fighting side intoxicated, Li Yuan Cheng Xi Guan in progress.
　　November Gongba Chang'an, to stand firm in the relations. After Li Yuan into Chang'an, Emperor Li Yang Yu-Sun on behalf of the king as the emperor (Emperor Gong), reign title Yi Ning, Yang Tai remote respect for the overlord; You Yi Yang Yu-Huang Yue false name from Canada, so Chijie, viceroy, all inside and outside the military, Book of Order, a large prime minister, into the closed Prince Tang, overall management of 10 000 aircraft. The following year (618) in May, Li Yuan emperor, changed the title of the Tang capital in Changan. Don unified the country soon. During the reign of Li Yuan, Emperor Wen according to the old system, to re-establish central and local administrative systems, but also revised the format precepts, enacting Surroundings and rental Substitution, reconstruction Fubing, as the Tang Dynasty Official, criminal law, military organization, land and class Existing systems of the foundation. Takenori years, the ruling is full of complicated internal struggles. Pei Ji and Liu Wenjing are Taiyuan raise an army from the time of Zuo Ming Yuan, Pei Ji won the Emperor in Tang's specially trusted; Liu Wenjing Qin Wangshi people as trusted, since only slight contributions to the right hand of the Home Pei Ji, ranking under it, meaning even unfair. Liu Wenjing Li Yuan excuse to kill. Qinwang Shi China since the Tang dynasty that established the process, his exploits over Prince Li Jiancheng, but is the second son can not inherit the throne; Prince into the world people are aware of their own major threat to the status of the Crown Prince. Thus, the two sides launched a fierce fight for the throne succession struggle. In this political battle, Li Yuan is often completed while standing. Prince's inner warrior sent Yang turn ordered recruitment of Chang'an, a coup for Li Jiancheng use.
　　Takenori seven (624), Li Yuan was exposed to this, Li Yuan fury had spent Li Jiancheng, Li Li Shimin the Prince to change the idea, but did not materialize. Takenori nine fourth day in June broke Xuanwu Gate Incident. During the coup, killed Li Jiancheng and Li Yuanji Li Shimin, Li Yuan Li had been forced to Prince. Soon, Li Yuan abdicated as the overlord, Li Shimin throne, is to Tang. Li Yuan spent some idle frustration in life, the die is too safe house. Temple name emperor. Buried in Xian Ling.
　　In the Tang Dynasty in the early period of the ruling groups, Li Yuan Group is the largest, with Taiyuan raise an army of Xun Chen Pei Ji, Tang Jian, Dou Wei brothers, Wen Daya brother, Liu Hongji, Yin mountains, Liu political will, any Rose, History major Chennai, etc., the daughter Princess Pingyang wife, Ma peppers, Sui join themselves to a lot of bureaucracy, such as Chen Shu Da, Qu suddenly pass, Xiao Yu, Feng Lun, Yuwen disabilities and Yang Kung-Jen Yuan Li brothers, who also belong to the Group. The Prince Group, only Wei Zheng, Feng Li, Uncle Xie Fang, Xue million Toru such a small amount of talent, Li Gang alienation, Du flooded by Fang Xuanling pulled into the days of making the government, Prince Group, rely mainly on Li Yuan Group, Li Shimin Group is in his separatist war has gradually built up The day, led by the Housing Strategy Du government officials, its members are very familiar. Also overlooked is the imperial clan groups to Lee supernatural powers, Li Xiaogong led two groups, Li Guan in the early supernatural powers dispatched troops, men with history of Bo, Ling Hu Fen, etc., are also recruiting in the separatist war, many of whom The most famous is Li Ji. Li Xiaogong put down Shannan Prefecture, and Li Jing captured south, the group has Li Jing, Feng Ang, Liu JI and South join themselves to the people. These two groups in the political situation also has important influence on Li Jing Li Shimin inquiry, Li Ji, to understand the neutrality of the two groups before launching the Xuanwumen Mutiny.
　　Empress
　　Empress: Empress Dou
　　Concubines
　　10000 Royal
　　Yin Defei
　　Yuwen 昭仪
　　Mo 嫔
　　Sun 嫔
　　Cui 嫔
　　Yang 嫔
　　Xiao Yang 嫔
　　Zhang Jieyu
　　Xuejie Yu Xue Daoheng women, after freeze-up/break-up Ōita wife, a nun.
　　Guo Jieyu
　　Liu Jieyu
　　Zhang beauty
　　Young Americans
　　Wang was one
　　Lu was one
　　Zhang Baolin
　　Liu Baolin
　　Cheung
　　Son
　　1. Longxi Crown owned High → Tang Wangshi child → → → household registration termination implicit interest rate implicit king → Prince Li Jiancheng (sinus Queen Mother)
　　2. Dunhuang owned High → → Qinguo Gong Qin Zhao Guogong → → → Crown Taizong Li Shimin (the mother Empress Dou)
　　3. Huai WANG Wei LI Xuan Ba (sinus Queen Mother)
　　4. Guzang household registration termination owned High → King of Qi → → → Hailing Dukes nest thorn Wang Liyuan Ji (Dou Queen Mother)
　　5. Chu Silla Lizhi Yun (female 10 000 Royal)
　　6. → Zhao Jing Wang Yuan-Jing Li (Mother Mo Pin)
　　7. Luwang → Hanwang Li Yuanchang (Mother Sun Pin)
　　Eight. Feng Dao Wang Li Yuanheng (female Yin Defei)
　　9. Zhou Wang Li Fang (mother Cheung)
　　10. Wat → Liyuan Li Hsu Kang (mother Guojie Yu)
　　11. Sung Wong → → Han Wang Liyuan Jia Wang Xu (Master Yuwen Zhao Yi)
　　12. Jing Wang Si Wang Li Peng → then (only one female king)
　　13. Rattan king → Zheng Hui Wang Liyuan Yi (female Bao-lin)
　　14. → king → King Shu Huo Wang Li-rail (the mother Zhang Beauty)
　　15. → Guo Prince Zhuang Feng-Bin Wang (Master Yang Beauty)
　　16. Hanwang → → Tao Wang Chen Xiao Wang GUIZHOU (Mother Liu Jieyu)
　　17. Kuai → Tang Kang Wang Liyuan Yu (home Cui Pin)
　　18. Qiao Wang Wang Shu Li → name (mother Xiao Yang Pin)
　　19. The King → → Lu Wang Yan Wang Ling Li Kui (Mother Yuwen Zhao Yi)
　　20. → Jiang Xu Wang An Wang Yuan-Xiang Li (Mother Yang Pin)
　　21. Middle Ching Wang Liyuan Xiao (only one parent Lu)
　　22. Teng Wang Lee Immortal Infant (female Liu Baolin)
　　Li Yuan, a total of 19 daughters:
　　1. Changsha Princess (married von less division)
　　2. Xiangyang Princess (married sinus Festival)
　　3. Pingyang Princess (posthumous title of "Chao," Chao said the Princess Pingyang, mother Empress Dou, married Chaishao)
　　4. High-density Princess (married long-Sun Xiaozheng, married to Duan Lun)
　　5. Changqing Princess (first labeled Guiyang Princess, married Chiu Tsz King, married to Young Profession)
　　6. Changsha Princess (first labeled Wanchun Princess, married beans Lu Huai)
　　7. Room Ling Princess (first labeled Yongjia Princess, married sinus Fengjie, they married Helan Sangha)
　　8. Jiujiang Princess (loss of thinking power married executive)
　　9. Luling Princess (married Joe Master Wang)
　　10. Nanchang Princess (married Su Xu)
　　11. Anping Princess (married Yang Sijing)
　　12. Huainan Princess (married seal on word)
　　13. Really be Princess (married Choi Christine Li)
　　14. Hengyang Princess (married Ashina Society Hill)
　　15. Danyang Princess (married Xue million Toru)
　　16. Linhai Princess (marry Bae Law)
　　17. Guantao Princess (married Cuixuan Qing)
　　18. Stability Princess (labeled first daughter princess to marry quite warm, but also married Zheng Jingxuan)
　　19. Sheung Lok Princess (married Zhao Gui)