阅读克拉林 Leopoldo Alas在小说之家的作品!!! | |||
西班牙小说家、文艺评论家。原名莱奥波尔多·阿拉斯，生于萨莫拉城。1859年随家移居奥维亚多，读完中学和大学。1882年任萨拉戈萨大学教授，次年转入奥维亚多大学任罗马法学、政法经济学教授。后在马德里生活多年。
克拉林一生只写过两部长篇小说《女当家的》(1884)和《独生子》(1891)，受法国作家左拉等人的影响，带有浓厚的自然主义色彩。前者描写年轻貌美的安娜·阿索雷斯嫌弃年老的丈夫，与人私通，丈夫愤而与奸夫决斗而死。作品深刻反映了19世纪西班牙内地的社会风貌和政治现象，揭露教会的黑暗。后者则写波尼法西奥·雷伊斯的婚姻和家庭悲剧，谴责了19世纪西班牙顽固的保守势力。
克拉林与阿拉尔孔和巴桑 3人被誉为现代西班牙短篇小说的三大名家。其短篇作品分为两类：一类以抒情见长，如《博罗尼亚》、《陷阱》等；另一类为幽默讽刺作品，如《聪明的苍蝇》、《候选人》、《乌鸦》等。
克拉林的主要作品有：庭长夫人
Alas spent his childhood living in León and Guadalajara, until he moved to Oviedo in 1865. There he studied Bachillerato (high school) and began his law studies. He lived in Madrid from 1871 to 1878, where he began his career as a journalist (adopting the pen-name "Clarín" in 1875) and he graduated with the thesis El Derecho y la Moralidad (Law and Morality) in 1878. He taught in Zaragoza from 1882 to 1883. In 1883 he returned to Oviedo to take up a position as professor of Roman law.
Above all, Clarín is the author of La Regenta, his masterpiece and one of the best novels of the 19th century. It is a long work, similar to Flaubert's Madame Bovary, one of its influences. Other influences included Naturalism and Kraussism, a philosophical current which promoted the cultural and ethical regeneration of Spain.
La Regenta is special for its great wealth of characters and secondary stories, while the main character's description is left slightly unfocused and vague. On the other hand, the downfall of the provincial lady has place amidst two very diverse suitors: the most handsome man in the city and the cathedral's priest. The depiction of this priest is a key part of the book.
For the description of the provincial atmosphere and the city's collective life, Clarín used techniques such as the internal monologue or the free indirect style, which makes the story be narrated by the characters themselves and allows the reader to penetrate in their intimacy.
In 1890, he published a new novel, Su único hijo. Even though most critics consider it as a lesser novel in comparison with La Regenta, it is equal to the former in the skill with which the technical resources are used. Su único hijo was originally meant to be the introduction to a trilogy, but aside from an outline and a few fragments of the two sequels, Su único hijo was Clarín's last full-length novel.
Apart from these works, Clarín is also the author of magnificent stories and of a large number of journalistic articles. He also wrote an essay, "La Literatura en 1881" (1882), in collaboration with Armando Palacio Valdes.
Leopoldo Alas remains a rather enigmatic figure in the Spanish literary world, leaving a legacy that encouraged the search for God and humanism simultaneously. This aberrant confluence has facilitated the presence of various interpretations regarding the author's writings, most noticeably of his masterpiece, La Regenta.
[edit]Works
La Regenta (The Regent's Wife) (1884–85) [Novel]
Su único hijo (His Only Son) (1890) [Novel]
Doña Berta (1892)
¡Adiós, Cordera! (1892)
Cuentos morales (Moral Stories) (1896)
El gallo de Sócrates (Socrates' Rooster) (1900)
[edit]Essays
"Solos de Clarín" (1881)
"La literatura en 1881" (1882)
"Sermón perdido" (1885)
"Nueva campaña" (1887)
"Ensayos y revistas" (1892)
"Palique" (1894)