加里·斯奈德(Gary Snyder,1930-),是20世纪美国著名诗人、散文家、翻译家、禅宗信徒、环保主义者、BG代表人物之一，2003年他当选为美国诗人学院院士，先后出版有十六卷诗文集，《龟岛》获得了1975年度普利策诗歌奖。斯奈德是是“垮掉派”目前少数仅存的硕果之一，也是这个流派中诗歌成就较大的诗人。
个人简介
加里·斯奈德（1930 -）
加里·斯奈德，生于旧金山，早年移居到美国西北部，在他父母的农场工作，1951毕业于里德学院，获得文学和人类学学位，后来进入加利福尼亚大学攻读东方语言文学，并在此间参加垮掉派诗歌运动，此时他翻译的寒山诗对他产生了很大影响，致使他东渡日本（1956—1968），出家为僧三年，醉心于研习禅宗，1969年回到美国后，与他的日本妻子定居于加利福尼亚北部山区，过着非常简朴的生活。1984年，加里·?斯奈德与美国著名诗人艾伦·金斯伯格（Allen Ginsberg）作为美国作家代表团的成员一起来中国访问，终于一圆他30年来的亲临“中央王国”之梦。加里·斯奈德曾说，中国文化、文学对他的影响，在五六十年代是百分之八十。1985年他成为加利福尼亚大学戴维斯分校的教授，同时继续广泛地游历、阅读和讲学，并致力于环境保护。
Gary Snyder (born May 8, 1930) is an American man of letters. Perhaps best known as a poet (often associated with the Beat Generation and the San Francisco Renaissance), he is also an essayist, lecturer, and environmental activist with anarchoprimitivist leanings. He has been described as the "poet laureate of Deep Ecology". Snyder is a winner of a Pulitzer Prize for Poetry and the American Book Award. His work, in his various roles, reflects an immersion in both Buddhist spirituality and nature. Snyder has translated literature into English from ancient Chinese and modern Japanese. Snyder was an academic at the University of California, Davis and a member of the California Arts Council.
Life and career
Early life
Gary Sherman Snyder was born in San Francisco, California to Harold and Lois Hennessy Snyder. Snyder is of German, Scottish, Irish and English ancestry. His family, impoverished by the Great Depression, moved to King County, Washington, when he was two years old. There, they tended dairy cows, kept laying hens, had a small orchard, and made cedar-wood shingles. At the age of seven, Snyder was laid up for four months by an accident. "So my folks brought me piles of books from the Seattle Public Library," he recalled in interview, "and it was then I really learned to read and from that time on was voracious — I figure that accident changed my life. At the end of four months, I had read more than most kids do by the time they're eighteen. And I didn't stop." Also during his ten childhood years in Washington, Snyder became aware of the presence of the Coast Salish people and developed an interest in the Native American peoples in general and their traditional relationship with nature.