山沈远照,
逦迤黄昏钟鼓。
烛映帘栊,
蛩催机杼,
共苦清秋风露。
不眠思妇,
齐应和、
几声砧杵。
惊动天涯倦宦,
駸駸岁华行暮。
当年酒狂自负。
谓东君、
已春相付。
流浪征骖北道,
客墙南浦。
幽恨无人晤语。
赖明月曾知旧游处。
好伴云来,
还将梦去。
More drops,
Frequency back to look forward gaze.
We know,
Xu Qin heart be,
To string together two-zone Acacia.
Church painting in mind,
Temptress Moon flatter,
Johnson helpless light frown smile.
Hearth to the sleeping ducks,
Ping Xiang mandarin duck, the
Hong Luo shame the dark solution.
Since passed,
After the burning light,
Are gone,
Outing pick vegetables.
Several times by Shuangyan,
Reminder profound meaning,
But hate the heavy curtain between the obstacle.
About time again.
Strong drink is trapped in spring,
Busy day who never bored.
Yan Yan Shuiqi,
Even worse at the fancy.
【Review】 这是一组“爱情三部曲”。从开头至“与绾合欢双带”为第一部,定情:写一见钟情,“琴心先许”。从“记画堂”至上片结束为第二部,幽会:写两心相知,互赠信物。词的下片为第三部,相思:写物在人杳,再会无期。
人们往往将古典诗词中所写的美人香草当作作者寄托深意的象征物,试图透过它探寻重大的政治主题。这样做有一定道理,屈原的《离骚》便是明证。但若将这种研究方法作为固定的格套,定要苦心孤诣地寻求每一首“美人香草”词的政治寓意,则近乎膠柱鼓瑟、缘木求鱼了。
吴曾《能改斋漫录》载:“贺方回眷一姝,别久,姝寄诗云:‘独倚危栏泪满襟,小园春色懒追寻。深思纵似丁香结,难展芭蕉一寸心。’贺演其诗为《石州引》词。悼亡诗词,不知即为此姬作否?”看来,古人并不都古板,吴曾并不以“情事”、“情词”为嫌。那么,我们对于这首《薄倖》,不妨即以其男女情的本色来鉴赏,谅必无伤“大雅”吧。
诗无达诂。吴曾的记载给我们提供了合理想象的事实依据。“贺方回眷一姝,别久”,与此词正合。全词的情感核心正是一个“眷”字。“姝”者,美女也,词中所写的“淡妆多态”、“轻颦浅笑娇无奈”,正是“这一个”美女的独特之美──“多态”:“淡妆”是多态的反衬;“轻颦浅笑”是多态之一斑;“娇无奈”则是无法用语言形容的“多态”。而这种形体之“多态”,不正是她内心多情而又娇羞的复杂心态的自然流露么?此词下片所写相思之苦,也正由“别久”引发。吴曾所引之“姝寄诗”,情思深婉,形象鲜丽,引喻贴切,又可见这位姑娘文才之美。所以作者眷恋不已。如果是这样,这首《薄倖》词当作于二人定情之后、爱人寄诗之前的一段相思时节。
词中女主人公形象的特色,除了“多态”、多情之外,尤为引人注目的突出之处在于主动。这与传统“佳人”形象有质的区别。试看,她对意中人“的的频回眄睐”,怎不令人销魂;她一旦确认知音,便“琴心先许”、“绾合欢双带”、“把香罗偷解”,又是何等的果断、痛快!在这位真情如火的姑娘身上,我们仿佛窥见了白朴《墙头马上》中李千金的身影。“的的”二字,颇值玩味;既表现了作者相思时回忆往事如在目前的真切情景,又生动传神地托出了女子频送秋波的明确信息。“的的”二字迭用,虽属罕见,但用在这里却非常明晓畅达,充溢着生活气息,使读者眼中幻化出这位勇敢女性的神采。
这组爱情三部曲的第一部“定情”,纯用白描手法,恰与姑娘的“淡妆”相融谐。第二部“幽会”,不宜用白描了,便以景衬情,选用了“画堂”、“风月”、“睡鸭”、“鸳屏”等典型事物来暗写。第三部“相思”为全词重点,可分为三个层次:第一层写初次幽会之后再不见那位姑娘“踏青挑菜”,也就是再没有见面的机会。第二层写多次托人传书递简,但阻隔重重,音信难通。第三层写后会无期,百无聊赖,度日如年。这三层步步递进,逼出了一个“苦”字。于是在心中暗暗怨恨那位“冤家”的“薄倖”;于是更加珍惜那不可重复的“定情”与“幽会”,一遍又一遍地回想当初的黄金细节:“淡妆多态……”。全词就是这样形成了一个“此恨绵绵无绝期”的循环往复的“情结”结构。
有一位学者曾说:中国古代文学中存在着一个爱情母题:有所爱,但不能得其所爱,而又不能忘其所爱。这首词也是一个佐证。如果与那些汗牛充栋的才子佳人大团圆的小说戏曲相比,贺铸这首小词所反映的古代青年男女爱情生活的真实性和普遍性,无疑具有更高的认识价值和审美价值。(李玮)
Row of blue peaks,
Yan Taiwan cool.
In mining battle
Yueweiquyang.
Rock flower Ishidan Man,
Jealous of one thousand,
Chu Chui lean new makeup.
Wuxiangeqiao,
Merry hate, regardless of other fragrant.
Prosperity,
Shock Eqing, beauty, the
Tsang Mang means.
Send a smile
He and the rise and fall.
Volume of ship wine
Lai Shi Jun, the relative two Huchuang.
Slow transfer pigging,
More Lennon, the three get sun.
Tong Xiao curtain drawn.
Kaoru make candle implicit residual map,
Yee I pot of gold down.
Dust off whip curl.
Drunk that Chang'an Road.
Miao Bo-ping days.
Lanzhou want on
Looking back at sadness over grass.
Hate the return date has not early.
Failing in mad young.
Helpless passionate love affair,
This should be compared to laugh.
New Voice of the heart in mind misty.
Acacia turn is transferred.
Tip of next spring.
Wan-Xi Yang Liu,
Green still good for whom.
Tears pour wax Castle Museum.
Read the wedding day the enemy thousands of miles,
Pei-phase models such as the lapel.
Longer melancholy dream short.
But the quilt and pillow
Finland left the remaining warm.
Half-month window of ramp,
According to people heartbroken,
Tiniao matter.
Contributed to worry about drunk.
Smile meet together micro-Yin,
Tease mess that lovingly.
Spend the next solution to bring important Fuer.
Wedding day deep in mind.
Han Qing Hong Zhou stability embroidered quilt,
Who cut off, flowing east.
Jasper Hill around four international.
Dang Hong Lin wind.
Flying from the mandarin color perception.
With the tail rudder amorous moon.
Green was biased according to the empty bed.
Looking back complains to.
Director of the phase changing mind drunk.
Lane shines clear,
Kongkuo spring.
Green is the Willow pavilion wrapped around yellow,
Far-off a first fold.
Smoke inter-islands,
Some tapes go raven
Dongfeng sales do Lonza snow.
Remember the beginning of the relevant years,
Season just now.
Will be issued.
Fang Painting House wine
Red tears Qing Song,
Becomes a clear different.
Is the years,
Yao Yao must sound more than dust.
For square inch,
Total dash Qingchou,
Musa did not show clove hitch.
Monopoly in vain End of the World,
Two Yanyan Temptress Moon.
Flowers air curtain,
Phase half-drunk dream unhappy soul.
The rest is unfortunately smoked,
With a surprise left eye.
Dash of Spring and Spring Festival.
Tears mark fresh bamboo,
Pei Lanxiang old,
Xiang thick warm days.
Remember a small river,
Feng Yue Jia, the
Repeatedly about non-smoking playmates.
Luan letter strings to be easily broken.
Chennai cloud and then drums,
Were far end of the piece.
Lo socks recognized without a trace,
Jiuchunongbo clean and shallow.
Han Qing Zhao outfitting,
White Ping Chau River.
Gao Fei best view of temporary wood.
Send understand,
Acacia word,
Fortunate to have returned Swallows.
未□□、□圣真府。
千龄叶应,九河清、神物出龟图。
□□□□,□盛时、朝野欢娱。
靡不覆,旋穹□,□□□,□坤舆。
致万国、一变华胥。
霞觞□□,□□□、□□□宸趋。
五云长在,望子□、□□□□。
□□□、□□□□在会稽样。
拥鼻微吟,捋须遐想。
□□□□□□上。
会须加数□□酿。
□□□、□□□□涨。
美满孤帆,轻便双桨。
中分□□□□往。
□□□□寄月波□□□拥鼻微吟,捋须遐想,吾自得□□见招,因采其语赋此词。
铁瓮城、形胜无今古。
北固陵高,西津横渡。
几人摧手分襟处。
凄凉渌水桥南路。
奈玉壶、难叩鸳鸯语。
行雨行云,非花非雾。
为谁来为谁还去。
绿阴深蔽日,啭鹂黄。
淡蛾轻鬓似宜妆。
歌扇小,烟雨画潇湘。
薄晚具兰汤。
雪肌英粉腻,更生香。
簟纹如水竟檀床。
雕枕并,得意两鸳鸯。
江南重喜见,广陵春。
纤秾合度好腰身。
歌水调,清啭□□□。
团扇掩樱唇。
七双胡蝶子,表□□。
□□□复旧东邻。
风月夜,怜取眼前人。
□ □ □ □ □, □ □ □.
□ flying magpie mirror stage makeup.
□ □ □, □ □ □ □ □.
□ The first has remained.
Broken clouds Shuyu, the more heard cicadas.
□ □ □ Ye pay Yilian.
Chi sent with, who live in Yuxi side.
指尖纤、态闲暇。
几多方寸关情话。
都付与、弦声写。
三月十三寒食夜。
映花月、絮风台榭。
明月待欢来,久背面、秋千下。
Small lips, light moths Dai.
Yuhuan wind is still in tune.
Want to spend, the climbing saddle state.
Pik, such as queue to be lean.
Hope the new moon, for whom two-worship.
Whispers do not smell the breeze move, Luoqun belt.
小山堂、晚张燕。
赏心不厌杯行缓。
待月度、银河半。
缥缈郢人歌已断。
归路指、玉溪南馆。
谁似辟寒金,聊借与、空床暖。
赖醉□□□。
白眼青天,忘形相尔汝。
□□□□□□。
□□□、送君南浦。
雪暗沧江,□□□□□。
□ □ □ □ □.
□ Send a boat, southern Hubei Road.
Jin Toulongcilv □.
□ letter refers to a half before spring.
Wei Qiang laugh leaning toward a good color to the wind.
同来何事不同归。
梧桐半死清霜后,头白鸳鸯失伴飞。
原上草,露初晞。
旧栖新垅两依依。
空床卧听南窗雨,谁复挑灯夜补衣。
半垂油幕护残寒。
化工著意呈新巧,翦刻朝霞饤露盘。
辉锦绣,掩芝兰。
开元天宝盛长安。
沈香亭子钩阑畔,偏得三郎带笑看。
Huachuan Machines Chennai sleepless.
Hedonic Price breeze off the moon and sell direct a few people with money worries.
Play drunk pen, brush Yin Jian.
One o'clock in the immortal peers drink.
Baron □ □ arena, the do-low to avoid juvenile.
□ □ □ □ □ □ □.
Piling more into the boat channel, but □ □ □ □ □ □.
□ □ read, paid feast, firewood and green and I Canglang.
□ is a non-root material clouds, north and south do not hinder anything crazy.