Home>> Literature>>张潮
杂曲歌辞·长干行
Zhang Chao
  Poor-law, such as gems, such as Egypt and dust rich husband. When the poor did not forget the old, rich and more new pet.
  Concubine of the rich girl, and the king of the dual match. What Weyerhaeuser a deep, never out of the door.
  Concubine with embroidered clothes, Wei Rui Jin Lv light. Jun poor reading and cheap and easy this from a distance.
  Three thousand miles distant, sent endless regret. Higurashi always more to the air when the water looked.
  Meng Xiamai show began, more southerly river. Merchants owned by Yu Jin, Chun this is still Padang.
  Padang has Wushan Goddess Fit Yan. Often fear that the mountain tour, really do not know yet.
Translated by Google
襄阳行
Zhang Chao
  Jade plate switch to Pearl, Jun heart no Dingzhun. See Yangyang-off yesterday, left a good endless Xiangyang said.
  Xiang Han River, Da Nang Mountains down, the North Han River east wind blowing. Long coddled only words I,,
  Wu at the present see it leave. Jun Du Qiang Qing For, Understand alone in silence,
  Tosu concubine see Lin, Yijun Acacia deep. Mo as the clouds hung from the sound of care companion.
  If the sword is still in the box, fractal in conjunction with Office. Jun women are, know Jun situation,
  Jun regret that you blame for this line. Paul can not get out of bed one night, Miles is the status of the city of Xiangyang.
  Xiangyang pass near the north embankment, Jun Mo back to the Xiangyang confusion. Levee various daughter
  German money does not pity pity.
Translated by Google
采莲词
Zhang Chao
  朝出沙头日正红,晚来云起半江中。
  赖逢邻女曾相识,并著莲舟不畏风。
江南行
Zhang Chao
  茨菰叶烂别西湾,莲子花开犹未还。
  妾梦不离江水上,人传郎在凤凰山。

【Review】 《全唐诗》中收张潮诗五首,其中《长干行》还可能是李白或李益的。张潮的几首诗,除了一首《采莲曲》是写采莲女的生活,其余都是抒写商妇的思想感情。从这些诗的内容和形式来看,都不难发现深受南方民歌的影响。

  这首诗的第一联:“茨菰叶烂别西湾,莲子花开不见还”。茨菰,即慈姑,“茨菰叶烂”的时间当在秋末冬初;西湾,指江边的某个地方。“莲子花开”,即荷花开放,这里当指第二年的夏天。去年茨菰叶烂的时候在西湾送别,眼下又已是荷花盛开了,可盼望的人儿还没有回家。也可能他曾经相许在“莲子花开”之前返家的吧?这是先回忆分别的时间、地点,再由此说到现在不见人归。说来简单,可诗人却描绘得有情有景,相思绵绵。前者暗示出一个水枯叶烂、寒风萧萧的景象,它衬托出别离的凄楚;后者点染出满池荷花、红绿相映、生机勃勃的画面,反衬出孤居的寂寞难耐。笔法细腻含情。

  “茨菰叶烂”、“莲子花开”这两个镜头交替的寓意,从时间上看就是要表现出一个“久”字。“一日不见,如三秋兮”。久而不归,思念之苦,自不待言。“白日寻思夜梦频”,诗的第三句就转到写“梦”。由久别而思,由思而梦,感情的脉络自然而清晰。同时,诗的第三句又回应了第一句,“别西湾”,暗示了对方是沿江而去,所以这“梦”也就“不离江上水”。“那作商人妇,愁水复愁风”。这大概也是“妾梦不离江上水”的另一个原因吧。

  按照一般写法,接下去可能就要写梦中或梦后的情景,可是诗人撇开了这个内容,凌空飞来一笔──“人传郎在凤凰山”。出人意表,而且还妙在诗也就戛然而止。至于这个消息传来之后,她是喜是忧,是乐是愁,诗人却不置一词。不过那滋味,细心的读者是不难体会的。首先,这个消息的到来,说明了自己是不知人已去,空有梦相随,往日多少个“不离江上水”的“梦”,原来是一场“空”;其次,这个消息还意味着“他”时而在水,时而在山(凤凰山有多处,此处不知何指,也不必确指),行踪不定,又不寄语,往后便是梦中也无处寻觅,何以解忧,何以慰愁?……那难言难诉之苦,隐隐怨艾之意,尽在不言之中。可谓结得巧妙,妙在意料之外,情理之中,余情不尽。

  这首诗上下两联各以意对,而又不斤斤于语言的对仗,第三句是一、二句的自然延伸和照应,第四句又突乎其来,似断不断,把诗推向一个更为凄楚、失望的意境。它明快而蕴含,语浅而情深,深得民歌的神髓。

  (赵其钧)

长干行(一作李白诗,一作李益诗)
Zhang Chao
  Yi Xi purdah, the smoke did not know. Married man with a long dry, Sha Tau Weather color.
  May Nam Fung Hing, Sijun next Baling. August west, the want to carry forward the sub-Jun.
  How to come to grief, see less Sorrow. Xiangtan few days to, I should dream of more storms.
  Degree of wind last night, blowing off the first tree river. Miaomiao boundless dark, where pedestrians.
  North off really Excellencies, Zhu Yi man Jiang in. Dusk to stay, the number of the DPRK refused to East.
  Cong good by clouds, blue wedding day Nagisa East. Pu on the green duck, jade in Jinping.
  The remaining fifteen self-pity, the color peach red. That for the merchants, worry worry of water re-wind.
Translated by Google
  Wintry nights orange bud, Feng Xu Lu Chueiyang. ("Chronicle." See also Zhou Yu poetry)
Translated by Google
Home>> Literature>>张潮