Workers who exercise good few years, wrought Longquan sword name.
Longquan colors like frost, good work Zijie sigh Wonderful.
Yu Xia glass lotus flowers, the moon reflects the wrong Loujin ring.
Coincides with the world without prostitution, Credit goes to weekly anti gentleman body.
Naked Anan Green Snake color, patches of green turtle scales article.
Not directly make Ranger son, who was also close to the hero.
He made contributions Road was abandoned, scattered drift side perish ancient prison.
Although re-buried useless dust, gas can still sky every night.
【Notes】 昆吾:传说中的山名。相传山有积石,冶炼成铁,铸出的宝剑光如水精,削玉如泥。
琉璃玉匣:《西京杂记》载汉高祖斩白蛇剑以五色琉璃为匣。
风尘:指战争。
文章:指剑上的花纹。
【Review】 这是一首咏物言志诗。相传是郭震受武则天召见时写的,“则天览而佳之,令写数十本,遍赐学士李峤、阎朝隐等”(张说《郭公行状》)。从此,这首诗广传于世。
“古剑”是指古代著名的龙泉宝剑。据传是吴国干将和越国欧冶子二人,用昆吾所产精矿,冶炼多年而铸成,备受时人赞赏。但后来沦落埋没在丰城的一个古牢狱的废墟下,直到晋朝宰相张华夜观天象,发现在斗宿、牛宿之间有紫气上冲于天,后经雷焕判断是“宝剑之精上彻于天”,这才重新被发掘出来。这首诗就是化用上述传说,借歌咏龙泉剑以寄托自己的理想和抱负,抒发不遇的感慨。
诗人用古代造就的宝剑比喻当时沦没的人才,贴切而易晓。从托物言志看,诗的开头借干将铸剑故事以喻自己素质优秀,陶冶不凡;其次赞美宝剑的形制和品格,以自显其一表人材,风华并茂;再次称道宝剑在太平年代虽乏用武之地,也曾为君子佩用,助英雄行侠,以显示自己操守端正,行为侠义;最后用宝剑沦落的故事,以自信终究不会埋没,吐露不平。显然,作者这番夫子自道,理直气壮地表明着:人才早已造就,存在,起过作用,可惜被埋没了,必须正视这一现实,应当珍惜、辨识、发现人才,把埋没的人才挖掘出来。这就是它的主题思想,也是它的社会意义。不难理解,在封建社会,面对至高至尊的皇帝陛下,敢于写出这样寓意显豁、思想尖锐、态度严正的诗歌,其见识、胆略、豪气是可贵可敬的。对于压抑于下层的士子来说,更会深受感奋。这首诗的意义和影响由此,成功也由此。
张说评述郭震“文章有逸气,为世所重”。所谓“逸气”,即指其作品气势不羁,风格豪放。《古剑篇》的艺术特点,正如此评,其突出处恰在气势和风格。由于这诗是借咏剑以发议论,吐不平,因而求鲜明,任奔放,不求技巧,不受拘束。诗人所注重的是比喻贴切,意思显豁,主题明确。诗中虽然化用传说,不乏想象,颇有夸张,富于浪漫色彩。例如赞美宝剑冶炼,称道宝剑品格,形容宝剑埋没等,都有想象和夸张。但是,笔触所到,议论即见,形象鲜明,思想犀利,感情奔放,气势充沛,往往从剑中见人,达到见人而略剑的艺术效果。实际上,这首诗在艺术上的成就,主要不在形式技巧,而在丰满地表现出诗人的形象,体现为一种典型,一种精神,因而能打动人。“文以气为主”,“风格即人”,此诗可作一例。
(倪其心)
Long will the old garrison, the Long March is not horse manure. Still smell the Jiuquan County, have been together a few tight encirclement.
En base blighted body confidant. Regency residual Yingti sun_set_, go Xuan Huangshan wet rain.
Looking back at the house of Han government prime minister, who was last to sweep the heavy door.
Rock Gui dewy quiet, the wind will take the mulberry. Court Lian same color, with a pool of light on weight.
Lan leaves no dead air, the Netherlands, dry not sweet. Remote news for Autumn, the words are Jinzhong Lang.
厌践冰霜域,嗟为边塞人。思从漠南猎,一见汉家尘。
闻有南河信,传言杀画师。始知君念重,更肯惜蛾眉。
Brothel with sunlight, the green pool windy color. Grant sub-concentric flower, how very attentive to this.
辟恶茱萸囊,延年菊花酒。与子结绸缪,丹心此何有。
Green is the Willow about to change, the heart Fortunately Jun Mo shift. Spring suddenly more Italian, I only hope they know.
Silver Arrow more chips slow, gold furnace aroma to. Worry is still night, soon after, has made charcoal ashes.
暗处若教同众类,世间争得有人知。
Mo assiduously to Vermilion, the Maner complains do not listen to Jun.
I do not know the body is not the root objects, stars as a watery shield cover month.
凿处若教当要路,为君常济往来人。
Tian He laughed and wild millet, do not smell too young chord.
Spring everywhere also melancholy, half-half did not want to open from the disclosure.
Chi Hsiang Fei was watching the rain, get crystal jade plate.