Home>> Literature>>胡铨
好事近
Hu Quan
  Wealth of the unintentional
  Do not light anything for home?
  Cape Air so scared ape resentment
  Moon mistaken Xue dill.
  Capsule cone was about to succeed, the
  Road season is not even.
  To drive towel car go back,
  A wolf when the rut.
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【Review】 这是宋高宗绍兴十八年(1148),胡铨被贬居广东新州时写的一首词。

  本词的主题十分鲜明,它表现了胡铨不畏权势,决不和以秦桧为代表的投降派同流合污的高尚气节。

  上片抒写自己忧虑国事,不能安心隐居山林的心情。前两句说,自己本来无心追求富贵,为什么要轻易地离开故乡呢?“空使猿惊鹤怨,误薜萝风月。”由于猿猴和白鹤不理解自己的心情,因此才惊怪、埋怨自己离开隐居的故乡山林,白白地耽误了悠闲的美好岁月。

  下片借用毛遂自荐的典故,抒发自己以天下为己任,图谋为国效力的决心。“囊锥刚要出头来,不道甚时节。”这两句说,我本来应当毛遂那样自我推荐,显露自己的才能,为国效力,可是又不很了解奸臣控制下国家的局势,所以是不合时宜的。“欲驾巾车归去”,是说作者无可奈何,又想到了“归隐”,表现出作者矛盾的心理。“有豺狼当辙”一句,直斥误国的权奸秦桧等人,表现了作者虽然屡受打击和迫害,但是不畏权势,刚正不阿的斗争精神。

  南宋王明清《挥尘录·后录》卷十记载:“邦衡在新兴尝赋词,郡守张棣缴上之,以谓讪谤。秦(桧)愈怒,移送吉阳军编管。”这里说的,就是《好事近》这首词产生的影响,以及因此给作者带来的不幸。

  这首词的调子明朗,叙事直率,感情炽热,绝无矫揉造作的痕迹。词中虽然流露了“归隐”的思想,但这不过是作者因为自己无法“脱颖而出”,报国无门的愤慨,他满腔的爱国热情以及对投降派卑劣行径的愠怒,在本词中还是十分明显的。(王方俊张曾峒)

浣溪沙
Hu Quan
  No rush Chungui meter cover.
  Years are like scattered tired of the.
  Cup holders talk to listen to Huan Xisha.
  Tim Shuangbin Danjue dark snow, I do not know fall for some flowers.
  Dongfeng cold like the night comes more.
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转调定风波(和答海南统领陈康时)
Hu Quan
  Own ancient generals really.
  Lead students to sit the spring cup to see the sword.
  Introduction scales mention the chaos sweeping.
  Laughing.
  Criminal Code, the new William towel lupine.
  How Tianshan any given day.
  Queue to listen.
  Song of Solomon shouts quiet smoke.
  Solution is greater odds of Fenyang Road.
  See said.
  Today, there are immortal disgrace.
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菩萨蛮(辛未七夕戏答张庆符)
Hu Quan
  银河牛女年年渡。
  相逢未款还忧去。
  珠斗欲阑干。
  盈盈一水间。
  
  玉人偷拜月。
  苦恨匆匆别。
  此意愿天怜。
  今宵长似年。
  
减字木兰花
Hu Quan
  Hi.
  Qing Fu says: Hang taste Dream Jiushi dream also.
  Qing-Fu When accounting for taste Nongwa, gambling master.
  Qing-Fu to the Governor, with the words in it
  Weiyang good dream.
  Amazing Zhang W get into.
  Not hook back.
  Soup cake lovers call them all.
  Regardless of highly profitable.
  I really want to open statue upside down.
  How can Singapore Weng.
  How the matter was Lennon.
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醉落魄(辛未九月望和答庆符)
Hu Quan
  Strong half a century.
  Still high in the days of the South River in autumn.
  Huai has been quiet yellow chaos.
  More hate silver toad, it is full of people to worry.
  Greeted with frenzied Poem and Wine.
  Origin of hand-free operator sentenced Yu.
  Haogejiju towel chat shore.
  For wine, when awake, Xing Lu same bowl.
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【Review】 辛未,指宋高宗绍兴二十一年(1151)。庆符,指当时的爱国志士张伯麟,庆符为其字。时秦桧等投降派把持朝政,向金国屈膝称臣,签订“和议”,排挤、陷害爱国志士,在临安过起了“直把杭州作汴州”的苟安生活。庆符愤而在斋壁上题云:“夫差,而志勾践之杀而父乎?”元夕,庆符过中贵人白谔门,见张灯盛况,取笔题字,如斋壁所云。秦桧闻之,下庆符于狱,捶楚无全肤,后流放吉阳军(今广东崖县)。胡铨为“中兴名臣”,曾不惜冒生命危险与秦桧作过拚死斗争。早在绍兴八年(1138),宋金和议即将签订之前,胡铨就曾冒死上奏,极言向金人称臣之不可行,并请斩王伦、秦桧、孙近三个奸臣之头以谢天下,“不然,臣宁有赴东海而死,宁能处小朝廷求活耶?”辞意激切,声振中外,连金人都“募其书千金,三日得之,君臣夺气”(杨万里《胡忠简公文集序》)。他立即遭到投降派的陷害、打击,绍兴十二年(1142)除名新州编管;十八年(1148)移吉阳军。该词即写于吉阳。

  词作开首二句:“百年强半,高秋犹在天南畔。”词人这一年四十九岁,故曰“百年强半”,被排挤出朝廷,羁留南方达十三年之久,故曰“犹在天南畔。”秋高气爽,临轩赏月,把酒观菊,本当是很惬意、快活时节,但却被抛置在天之涯海之角。更何况,奸贼当道,金瓯残缺,匹夫之责,时常萦绕心怀。一个“犹”字,凝聚了词人多少的感慨与忧愤。“高秋”,谓秋高气爽之时,谢眺《奉和随王殿下》诗有:“高秋夜方静,神居肃且深”句。“幽怀已被黄花乱。更恨银蟾,故向愁人满。“幽怀”,指郁结于心中的愁闷情怀。毫无疑问,这是指自己无法锄奸复国的激愤烦乱心情。这句本意是因“幽怀”而无心赏观菊花,但字面上却说是因观花而致幽怀乱,似句意不顺,这实是一种婉转曲达的表现手法,后二句亦是如此写法。词人愁绪满怀,偏又逢皓月圆满,便把一腔的怨情向“银蟾”倾泻而去。这与上句的“无理”,更深一个层次地表现了词人的愁绪。如“打起黄莺儿,莫教枝上啼。啼时惊妾梦,不得到辽西”(唐·金昌绪),辛弃疾的“罗帐灯昏,哽咽梦中语。是他春带愁来,春归何处,却不解、带将愁去”(《祝英台近》)等。这都是一种看似无理,实则含有更深的理在的埋怨。

  下片词人转而抒写自己借酒茶解愁的情形。“招呼诗酒颠狂伴,羽觞到手判 无算。浩歌箕踞巾聊岸。”这里的“伴”,当指那些不畏权奸,主张抗金,遭到迫害,有志而不得伸的志同道和之友,当然也包括词题中的张伯麟。这几句词人用白描手法极写饮酒之狂态。“何以解忧,唯有杜康”,他仍只好借酒来忘却心中的忧愤与不平。“羽觞”,指酒器,其状如雀鸟,左右形如两翼。他们喝了无数杯的酒,不仅放声高歌,还一扫文雅之态,箕踞而坐,并把头巾推向后脑露出前额。这是他们“颠狂”的具体写照。“箕踞”,形容两足前伸,以手据膝,如箕状,古时为傲慢不敬之容。这种放浪形骸的颠狂之态,实是内心忧愁极深的外在表现。末二句“酒欲醒时,兴在卢仝盌。”酒醒思茶,亦如饮酒一般,以浇胸中之块垒。“卢仝盌”,“盌”,同碗、椀,典出唐代诗人卢仝,卢仝号玉川子,善诗,亦喜饮茶。曾赋诗盛赞茶之妙用:“一碗喉吻润,两碗破孤闷,三碗搜枯肠,唯有文字五千卷。四碗发轻汗,平生不平事,尽向毛孔散。五碗肌骨清,六碗通仙灵,七碗吃不得也,唯觉两腋习习清风生”(《走笔谢孟议寄新茶》)。这里用此典,词意是承前一贯而下,亦即卢仝诗中的“破孤闷”、散尽“生平不平事。”

  全词抒情由隐而显,层层递进;或曲折传达,或正面抒写,刻画了一个身虽遭贬,却能不屈不挠、豪气不除的爱国诗人形象。(文潜少鸣)

醉落魄(和答陈景卫望湖楼见忆)
Hu Quan
  Qian Yan King show.
  Spring Lake is a good time.
  Unexpectedly, MEI Xue wandering a long time.
  Tibetan incense collection of white, empty sleeves and share hands.
  End of the World Animal difficult in teasing.
  Mei Feng Qi for the Spring and wrinkled.
  Can not worry about the letter piece embroidered flowers.
  If we say that Acacia, had feared that day should be thin.
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鹧鸪天(癸酉吉阳用山谷韵)
Hu Quan
  Jade is a dream to fly around the Songjiang.
  Brasenia U.S. autumn fertilizer more bass.
  Lines into the sea not because of demand, shortage of thousands of miles to vote should have Qi.
  Green Ruoli, green clothing Netherlands.
  Inclined rain also apply for naturalization.
  Ya Zhou insurance Baltic states like the wind, the sea storm with timing.
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鹧鸪天(和陈景卫忆西湖)
Hu Quan
  Recalling the West Lake for a skinny life.
  A dream less than a decade has been the line.
  Color space Meng Fei night smoke, light fog Hu Duo lake light.
  Grass far Muyun level.
  Yu Yu Kongcuirulian out.
  Dreaming of a deposit rates of economic difficulty, which are due to self-labeled as wrong.
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朝中措(黄守座上用六一先生韵)
Hu Quan
  崖州何有水连空。
  人在浪花中。
  月屿一声横竹,云帆万里雄风。
  
  多情太守,三千珠履,二肆歌钟。
  日下即归黄霸,海南长想文翁。
  
采桑子(甲戌和陈景卫韵)
Hu Quan
  Green Mountain floating sea snails away, never C55B Guihong.
  Free lean wind.
  Upon layer of clouds To swing chest.
  Qin Qing Jiangyin get fine writing, a wash sad.
  Wood tip of yellow letters.
  Japan and China are worthy of at Xiansheng.
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临江仙(和陈景卫忆梅)
Hu Quan
  I really intimate with the plum blossom, not to follow longer fear.
  A few years gone Lingtou spring.
  However, Rebecca Xu, Hunmeng actually not true.
  Long Rui air blows floating flowers, long worried frown.
  Walking also like unruly people.
  Wind River Edge month, thousands of miles short blind date.
Translated by Google
如梦令
Hu Quan
  Old people who read the new state.
  Grass sun several times.
  Eye To clear the rain, the rainy season it is annoying to the phase.
  Hugh annoying.
  Hugh annoying.
  Branches can be good this year-old core.
Translated by Google
玉楼春(赠李都监侍儿,是夕歌六么)
Hu Quan
  十年目断鲸波阔。
  万里相逢歌怨咽。
  髻鬟春雾翠微重,眉黛秋山烟雨抹。
  
  小槽旋滴真珠滑。
  断送一生花十八。
  醉中扶上木肠儿,酒醒梦回空对月。
  
清平乐(和曾检法海棠)
Hu Quan
  Deep flower hospital.
  Rain Wind gluttonous child over.
  Except the painted screen, and lupine.
  Who enjoy the spring surface.
  Poem and Wine to be Melancholy Phase ban.
  Yin Shaoling the end of something careless.
  Mei Hing led not for fear of annoying random lust drainage.
  |
  "Gu Yun> |
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青玉案(乙酉重九葛守坐上作)
Hu Quan
  宜霜开尽秋光老。
  感节物、愁多少。
  尘世难逢开口笑。
  满林风雨,一江烟水,飒爽惊吹帽。
  
  玉堂金马何须道。
  且斗取、尊前玉山倒。
  燕寝香清官事了。
  紫萸黄菊,早罗红袂,花与人俱好。
  
采桑子(甲戌和陈景卫韵)
Hu Quan
  山浮海上青螺远,决眦归鸿。
  闲倚东风。
  叠叠层云欲荡胸。
  
  弄琴细写清江引,一洗愁容。
  木杪黄封。
  贤圣都堪日日中。
  
宝气亭
Hu Quan
  尘容不逐江流净,酒力都从雪压消。
  斗下祗今无剑气,年来牛犊在人腰。
北湖
Hu Quan
  Shu territory from North Lake, the water is more circuitous mountain Bi.
  Snow suits it flying, according to film a total of innocence.
Translated by Google
贬朱崖行临高道中买愁村古未有对马上口占
Hu Quan
  North to long thinking Wenxi, south to worry afraid to buy into the village.
  End of the World Road District Miles, weeds along dirt is Lethal.
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长卿见过赋美人插花用其韵
Hu Quan
  花亦兴不浅,美人头上开。
  心事眼勾破,鬓香魂引来。
  笑春烛底影,溅泪风前杯。
  分韵得先字,客今谁或哉。
除夜次庆符
Hu Quan
  白发无端苦见寻,十年孤负醉花阴。
  可怜独鹤轻浮海,未及昏鸦日伴林。
  天末醉眠千岭寂,江南梦绕五云深。
  一杯遥祝慈闱寿,松柏长春共有心。
传示银杏兼简林谦之
Hu Quan
  头白经筵思漫覃,骎骎末路我何堪。
  八年还作玉堂集,一笑真怀银杏谈。
  敢说麕书讥聂北,聊因麟趾咏周南。
  梅开更得珠园去,红粟寒梢试一探。
辞朝
Hu Quan
  Gimje new building does not tread the sand, they look lonely Ziyun home.
  A chord among the flowers spring birds, frog underwater night carousing.
  Ah Wing haggard still nagi, Kozo be Qi Pao melon.
  Clear mind is thirsty alcoholism, thin tea Chai Yisheng Mao.
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