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曲江春感(一题作归五湖)
Luo Yin
  Jiang spent the first day warm and open heart leisurely Jiangdong Xingke. Gao Yang drinker half fall,
  Cui Wei Zhongnan empty mountains. Sundae also know that nothing is thrown away, Hou door may not be a non-talent.
  A bamboo pole boat moon, who lives in the five lakes Returning Home.
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皇陂
Luo Yin
  Wong Pei glittering deep complex dark, Pei West dismount chat board. Chueiyang Fengqing get Tsui belt
  Jump on the warm golden carp. No win something dead in March, ten years go water see the heart.
  Taniguchi Zheng lost his Master, stolen idle name, said today.
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寄郑补阙
Luo Yin
  夫子门前数仞墙,每经过处忆游梁。路从青琐无因见,
  恩在丹心不可忘。未必便为谗口隔,只应贪草谏书忙。
  别来愁悴知多少,两度槐花马上黄。
牡丹花
Luo Yin
  Do not have a result like a total DF, et Luo numerous high-volume spring. If language teaching solution should be dumping States
  Term is also moving inexorably. Valet with the king peony, lotus where to avoid Fang dust.
  After South Korea so that the poor off the ground, had the body to live up to Nong China.
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黄河
Luo Yin
  Do not make gelatin to the dump, there is a world difficult to understand God's solid.
  Solutions should be curved through Milky Way, it is unclear until the Kunlun Mountains.
  Emperor oath power belt she is small, accounting for fighting off Cha fairy light.
  Three years later who knows, why labor Jun newspaper peaceful.
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【Review】 这首《黄河》,不是真要赋咏黄河,而是借事寓意,抨击和讥讽唐代的科举制度。

  一开头,作者就用黄河无法澄清作比喻,暗示当时的科举考试的虚伪性,揭露官场正和黄河一样混浊,即使把用来澄清浊水的阿胶都倾进去,也无济于事。接着又用“天意难明”四字,矛头直指最高统治者。

  下面两句,作者进一步描画科举场中的黑暗。李白诗有“君不见黄河之水天上来”之句。黄河古来又有九曲之称,如刘禹锡《浪淘沙》词:“九曲黄河万里沙”。诗人巧妙地把这两层意思联系起来,驰骋想象,写道:“解通银汉应须曲”。表面上是说黄河所以能够通到天上去,是因为它河道曲折。可是“银汉”在古人诗词又常用来指代皇室或朝廷,所以这句的真实意思是说,能够通到皇帝身边去的(指通过科举考试取得高官显位),必是使用“曲”的手段,即不正当的手段。唐代科举考试,特别是到晚唐,主要不是在考查学问,而是看士子有没有投靠巴结当权人物的本领,正直的人肯定是要失败的。

  古人误以为黄河发源于昆仑山,所以作者说它“才出昆仑便不清”。这也是有寓意的。“昆仑”同“银汉”一样,是指朝廷豪门贵族甚至当朝皇帝。因为那些被提拔荐引做了官的士子,都是与贵族、大臣私下里勾结,一出手就不干不净,正如黄河在发源地就已经混浊了一样。

  五、六两句,包含了两个典故。第五句是指汉高祖在平定天下、大封功臣时的誓词,誓词里说:“使河如带,泰山若砺。”翻译出来就是:要到黄河象衣带那么狭窄,泰山象磨刀石那样平坦,你们的爵位才会失去(那意思就是永不失去)。第六句说的是汉代张骞奉命探寻黄河源头。据说他坐了一只木筏,溯河直上,不知不觉到了一个地方,看见有个女子正在织布,旁边又有个放牛的男子。张骞后来回到西蜀,拿这事请教善于占卜的严君平。君平说,你已经到了天上牛郎织女两座星宿的所在了。

  作者借用这两个典故,同样也有寓意。上句是说,自从汉高祖大封功臣以来(恰巧,唐代开国皇帝也叫“高祖”),贵族们就世代簪缨,富贵不绝,霸占着朝廷爵禄,好象真要等到黄河细小得象衣带时才肯放手。下句又说,封建贵族霸占爵位,把持朝政,有如“仙人占斗”。(天上的北斗,古代天文学属于紫微垣,居于天北极的周围。古人用以象征皇室或朝廷。)他们既然占据了“北斗”,那么,要到天上去的“客槎”(指考试求官的人),只要经他们的援引,自然飘飘直上,不须费力了。

  由此可见,诗人虽然句句明写黄河,却又是句句都在暗射封建王朝,骂得非常尖刻,比喻也十分贴切。这和罗隐十次参加科举考试失败的痛苦经历有着密切的关系。

  传说“黄河千年一清,至圣之君以为大瑞”(见王嘉《拾遗记·高辛》),所以诗人说,三千年(应是一千年)黄河才澄清一次,谁还能够等得着呢?于是笔锋一转,不无揶揄地说:既然如此,就不劳驾您预告这种好消息了!换句话说,黄河很难澄清,朝廷上的乌烟瘴气同样也是改变不了的。这是对唐王朝表示绝望的话。此后,罗隐果真回到家乡杭州,在钱镠幕下做官,再不到长安考试了。

  这首诗艺术上值得称道的有两点:第一,诗人拿黄河来讽喻科举制度,这构思就很巧妙;其次,句句紧扣黄河,而又句句别有所指,手法也颇为高明。诗人对唐王朝科举制度的揭露,痛快淋漓,切中要害,很有代表性。诗中语气激烈,曾有人说它是“失之大怒,其词躁”(见刘铁冷《作诗百法》),即不够“温柔敦厚”。这是没有理解罗隐当时的心情才作的“中庸之论”。

  (刘逸生)

汴河
Luo Yin
  当时天子是闲游,今日行人特地愁。柳色纵饶妆故国,
  水声何忍到扬州。乾坤有意终难会,黎庶无情岂自由。
  应笑秦皇用心错,谩驱神鬼海东头。
西京崇德里居
Luo Yin
  Lack of ladder back into the media and hard, strong as Chang Hao your weariness. Last night the wind blowing from the Milky Way,
  Leinihemen off jade plate. Red should throw hate, think about fairy-kuei unwarranted.
  Jin Lin Cheng-end of his life things, but was idlers the fishing rod.
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投所思
Luo Yin
  What are the gaunt Chang, brigade command autocorrelation suspect the poor soul. Full Chuanbi peaks no return date
  Red tears when a couch. Polish should only be labor Ying Carpenter, Gao Huang Qin wrong end of fear doctors.
  Sentimental Journey seventy thirty today, from Qihuang unknown.
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经张舍人旧居(一题作河中经故翰林张舍人所居)
Luo Yin
  Dust and dust is not rows yore, 谩 memory courtiers to Vermilion. Department no longer opening the eyes of a couch,
  Jiuquan should love only people. He spit in the remaining text Chao Feng, Luan old tree to spring habitat.
  En deep turn from difficult to report, sun_set_ shortness tear stained towel.
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雒城作
Luo Yin
  Bin Luo large halogen flags out, there is a world tobacco dust Egyptian month. Much less find the line at the pavilion,
  Only knowledge savage mountains. Fan Li was cast early golden glory, crying Pingjin spin fishing news.
  Jiuyou rare epic proportions when, looking back empty city Baicao spring.
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姑苏城南湖陪曹使君游
Luo Yin
  Red rice water Liao Hua Huang, Lan Zhao Shijun Pan back to the pond. Nymphoides sp lean first open air,
  Fuzhou Yi Ying pennant to do with the line. The hands of God and the technique easily intimidated, print color as the bag of gold around his waist.
  Xun Yong Sheng Junior Prefect should laugh Yan Taiwan temples cream.
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秋日有寄姑苏曹使君
Luo Yin
  No sick boat for Zhao, Helv city under the name of Hou Ye. Pisces cold water but not the letter,
  Wind will Weiwenwuku Ou. Long said early military forces coincide, Jia also went out in recent mass concept.
  Xie Yi drunk Notes pursuant to the foregoing, another free fall of resistance talk.
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送章碣赴举
Luo Yin
  苹鹿歌中别酒催,粉闱星彩动昭回。久经罹乱心应破,
  乍睹升平眼渐开。顾我昔年悲玉石,怜君今日蕴风雷。
  龙门盛事无因见,费尽黄金老隗台。
寄杨秘书
Luo Yin
  湖水平来见鲤鱼,偶因烹处得琼琚。披寻藻思千重后,
  吟想冰光万里馀。漳浦病来情转薄,赤城吟苦意何如。
  锦衣公子怜君在,十载兵戈从板舆。
往年进士赵能卿尝话金庭胜事,见示叙
Luo Yin
  Qing Zhao customers can Kuaiji poetry, words to the old fortress meet. Supreme being hated enemy longevity,
  Hi, good news has a high kill situation. Layers of mountains towering towards Zuoming, water, clear step by step, then Fei Liu.
  Two fire knife suffer chaos, the snow line will be high spirits.
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得宣州窦尚书书因投寄二首
Luo Yin
  Pisces Tiao handed Riverside, sad Nanling old master. Send a dream thousands of miles toward the station workers,
  Hou decade trend dust resistance. After the speech disorder known to try to find Paul, a total of more hi idle repose.
  See you Qishan Jing Ting-off, his military war bear sign frequency.
  Itabashi-by-flags have been, how hard way the world actually floating bottle. Infantry Captain resigned Public House,
  Juji general memory of the DPRK. Zuili Jiuyou also distinctly, illness, bad coming from Chennai rustling.
  Falling into the shoe should be taken hairpin left, only now under the bureaucratic hangers.
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  Under the thin rib Bi Xiao Yu, Du Yan Lane off the side door Rao. Lest Ke fold higher nest,
  Passengers unhappy news to Yao. Yeshu and re-frozen powder stick, with a crisp sweep burning pine needles court.
  O pen a poem read it slowly and look, a flying piece of paper off.
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暇日有寄姑苏曹使君兼呈张郎中郡中宾僚
Luo Yin
  Jia Zhi Jian Chi shade cover, there is a world political action can be gods. Lakeside view of Jia Yu Ying Ma,
  Military style full-flag outside the city give a bonus. MG Financial drinkers boast no operator, Jian Lin is also the highest branches less.
  Pearl Coral penholder Lu, Chen and Wang had a few poems.
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寄右省王谏议
Luo Yin
  Ear to be quiet not static, and my heart did not want to end busy busy. Needless to say there should be tired Su Yuan,
  May be more relevant to current events. Fish ashamed Han-Dong House speech, Hok Yong Zhou negative Kitayama complain.
  But Jin Tingzhi surgery to see the old, and drove into seven classes.
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焚书坑
Luo Yin
  千载遗踪一窖尘,路傍耕者亦伤神。
  祖龙算事浑乖角,将谓诗书活得人。
始皇陵
Luo Yin
  荒堆无草树无枝,懒向行人问昔时。
  六国英雄漫多事,到头徐福是男儿。
送沈先辈归送上嘉礼(一作送沈光及第后东归兼赴嘉礼)
Luo Yin
  Green bay touch people smell, light white shirt Ramie said Shen Lang. Ma Qing, following a good return hometown,
  Jane Yangyang Wen Shan state. Do not pour cups should be drunk shore, flowers near the journey to becoming like Fang.
  Skyline to be the gift of money, bear habitat debris trapped name field.
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春日叶秀才曲江
Luo Yin
  江花江草暖相隈,也向江边把酒杯。春色恼人遮不得,
  别愁如疟避还来。安排贱迹无良策,裨补明时望重才。
  一曲吴歌齐拍手,十年尘眼未曾开。
西京道德里
Luo Yin
  Qin Xi knot round a tree shade, there is a world moving sad Yin Chong shoe. Osmanthus is not a start,
  Miles Cang wavelength Ungrateful. Growing old getting to know the temporal thin, deep worry to only hope that glass.
  Qi-Xiong heroes now lie and break the idler Tearful.
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