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· huá dùn Edith Wharton
  
  
   zuò zhe xīn 'ér duǎn de lǎo chē zài xiǎn xiàng huán shēng de xiǎo dào shàng zhèng zhā liǎng tiānyòu liǎo liè liǎo liǎng tiān diǎn měi guó kǎo xué xiào de xiǎo huǒ méi xīn yóu hǎn guài de yīng guó péng yǒu hēng · ā 'ěr hàn wèishénme yào zhù zài shā
  
   xiàn zài míng bái liǎo
  
   shēn kào zhe zuò bàn de bǎo lěibàn 'ā rén gōng diàn de lǎo jiàn zhù de dǐng de qiáng shàngzhè zuò jiàn zhù chéng liǎo 'ā 'ěr hàn de dǎng jiàn pái huò zhě dǎng jiàn pái zhī xià miàn yuàn nèi yáng xià shíwēi fēng zhà zōng xiàng shìde zhè gěi shā juàn men sòng lái liǎo liáng lǎo de huā guǒ shù cōng cōngpán jié zài shuà bái de jǐng péng shàngcóng shì qiáng nèi wéi de shuǐ yuán shàng shǔn zhe shēng mìng qiáng zhī wài miàn fāng yán shēn zhe shā de shén yáng guāng zhào shíshā shǎn shuò zhe jīn de wàng zhī guāngluò chén hòuhēi piànjiào rén wàng 'ér shēng wèi
  
   xiǎo huǒ méi cóng hǎi biān fēng chén lái dào zhè jīng yòu chéng juàn liǎoshǒu xiān xīn gǎn dào shā hǎi máng mángjìng wèi zhī qíng biàn yóu rán 'ér shēng shì liǎo duō suoquán suō lái liǎoduì xué zhě xìng yàn 'è zhě lái shuōzhè shì miào de cáng shēn zhī rán 'ér jiù yào de shì rén wǎng wǎng fēi 'èr zhě jiān
  
  “ zán lái qiáo qiáo zhè fáng ,” méi yán zhefǎng gēn rén gōng xùn jiē chù cái néng shǐ fàng xīn shìde
  
   jīng zhī dào zuò fáng kōng dàng dàng dezhǐ yòu jiàn guò shì miàn de líng nán hái yòu liǎng sān chuānzhuó 'ā cháng dǒu péng de xià shǒunán shuō kǒu gǎi tóu huàn miàn guò de lún dūn fāng yánhùn zhe zhōng hǎi yán 'àn de yán shā de zhǒng zhǒng héng héng shì guó rényīng guó rén rénhái shì rén liǎng xià shǒu piāo dìng men méi de bāo jìn de fáng jiānjiù qiǎo rán liǎo rén gào ā 'ěr hàn xiān shēng zài jiā yǒu hǎo de shǒu lǐng rán zhào dào nán fāng kǎo chá wèi jīng tàn míng de tiān liàng jiù zǒu liǎoyóu zǒude cōng mánglián tiáo méi lái xiě shì liú xià kǒu huà biǎo shì qiàn wǎn shàng huò lái wǎnhuò zhě 'èr tiān zǎo shàng cái huí láizhè duàn shí jiān jiù qǐng méi xiān shēng biàn liǎo
  
   xiǎo huǒ méi suǒ zhīā 'ěr hàn zhí zài zuò zhè zhǒng kǎo gōng zuòcóng shì kǎo shì tiān de biǎo miàn yóu luàn zhāng de tàn suǒ jīng yòu liǎo chéng guǒ xiàn liǎo zǎo de jiào yǐn liǎo rén men de hěn xīng
  
   méi duì zhù rén jié gǎn dào gāo xīngzǒng de lái jiǎngsuí hòu yòu xiǎo shí guī zhī pèiyīn gǎn dào shí fēn kuān wèixià tiān guò nüè zhè jìn guǎn dài zhe ruǎn běn zhē yáng mào gài hái shì zhōng liǎo shǔ gǎn dào juàn chū juàn nài rán 'ér yòu gǎn dào yóu zhōng de mǎn
  
   zhè shì duō hǎo de xiū chǎng suǒ jìngyáo yuǎnliáo kuò de kōng zài huāng liáng de yòu yòu shuǐyòu 'ān héng héng jīng chǒu jiàn zōng shù xià yòu téng héng héng zhēn shì kuài huó rén de chù cuò kāi shǐ jiě 'ā 'ěr hàn liǎoduì rèn yàn juàn liǎo fāng de fán zào kuáng de rén lái shuōzhè shā bǎo lěi de qiáng shèn chū liǎo níng jìng
  
   méi gāng zhǐ jiǎo cǎi dào cóng dǐng tōng xià lái de zhuàng lóu shàngjiù kàn jiàn nán zhèng zài tái tóu xiàng zhāng wàngyóu tóu shì màn màn tái lái deméi jiù yòu shí jiān zhù dào tóu shì huáng de liǎo dǐng tiáo cháng cháng de bái hén xié 'āo jìn zhōu cháng zhe nóng de jīn huī tóu zhè shí méi zhǐ zhù dào rén de liǎn héng héng hái suàn lǎo guò shì huáng de héng héng yǐn zhù mùdì zhù yào hái shì liǎn shàng dài de de biǎo qíngshuō shì jīng zuì qiàdàng guò liǎo
  
   rén jiān kāi diǎntái tóu zhāng wàngméi jué chá dào jīng de shén tài chǎn shēng de yuán yīnyuán lái de zhàn lán de yǎn yǎn yào duō shù yǎn jīng zhēng yǎn jīng zhōu wéi cháng zhe jīn huī de nóng jié máofǒu zhōu shēn shàng xià jiù méi yòu diǎn yǐn rén zhù mùdì dōng liǎo
  
  “ qǐng wèn héng héng chī fàn shénme jiǔxiān shēngxiāng bīnhái shì héng héng
  
  “ yào jiǔxiè xiè。”
  
   rén xùn liàn yòu de zuǐ chún shǎn xiàn chū fǎn duì huò fǎn cháo de biǎo qínghuò zhě liǎng zhǒng biǎo qíng jiān 'ér yòu zhī
  
  “ diǎn dōubù yàoxiān shēng?”
  
   méi huí xiào。“ zhè bìng shì wèile zūn shǒu jiè jiǔ lìng,” gān xìn rén guǎn shì shénme guó zǒng huì míng bái zhè diǎn de guǒ zhēn míng bái
  
  “ ō yuán lái méi yòu xiǎng dàoxiān shēng héng héng
  
  “ ǹg guò tài shū zài shuōyòu zài jìn jiǔ。”
  
   rén réng mǎn 。“ zhǐ yào diǎn 'ér máo sài 'ěr jiǔhǎo ràng shuǐ dài diǎn 'ér yán xiān shēng?”
  
  ① chǎn de zhǒng dàn bái jiǔ
  
  “ diǎn 'ér jiǔ yào,” méi shuōyàn fán lái liǎo réng rán zài kāng jiē duànzài yǐn shí xiàng shàng zhēng lái zhēng huì róng shǐ rén nǎo huǒ
  
  “ ōduì liǎo jiào shénme míng 'ér lái zhe?” zhuī jiā shàng huà huǎn zhǎn dīng jié tiě de jué
  
  “ lín,” duì fāng chū rén liào shuōsuī rán méi gēn 'ér zhī dào liào rén jiào shénme
  
  “ zhè me shuō shì yīng guó rén liǎo?”
  
  “ shì dexiān shēng。”
  
  “ zài zhè dài dāi liǎo hǎo duō nián liǎo ?”
  
  “ shì dehǎo duō nián liǎo,” lín shuōdāi tài jiǔ jīng gǎn dào yàn juàn liǎo hái shuō shēng zài 'ěr 。“ guò duì yīng guó hěn shú。” de fǎn duì shén yòu xiǎn chū lái liǎo。“ shuō xīn huàxiān shēng huān kàn kàn wēn ①, ā 'ěr hàn xiān shēng jīng dāyìng guò shì héng héngfǎng wèile huà xiǎo de jué wàng shìde jiē xià jiù bīn bīn yòu xiàng méi yào yàoshìbìng wèn yuàn zài shénme shí hòu chī fàn dào hòu réng rán liú lián kàn shàng gāng cái gèng jīng liǎo
  
  ① lún dūn jìn de wēn , 1924 nián xíng guò zhù míng de zhǎn lǎn huì
  
  “ me zhǐ lái diǎn kuàng quán shuǐ xiān shēng?”
  
  “ āhǎo de héng héng suí biàn lái diǎn。”
  
  “ lái píng léi kuàng quán shuǐ xíng ?”
  
   shā léi kuàng quán shuǐméi xiào liǎobiǎo shì tóng biàn jiāo chū liǎo yàoshì dào wài miàn liù liǎo。”
  
   zhè zuò fáng yuán lái xiǎng xiàng de xiǎozhì shǎo zhù chù shì zhè yàngyīn wéi zài gāo làn de huáng shí qiáng shàngshèn zhì zài qiáng de lièfèng céng céng dié dié mǎn liǎo yòu xuě sōng liáng shēn hóng bǎi chuāngdàn kuài yào dǎo liǎozài zhè duī jiào lín liǎng shì hùn de luàn zāo de zhuān shí huī jiàn zhù zhōngzhè zuò bǎo lěi de zuì xīn zhù xuǎn liǎo jiān zài bǎo jiǎo luò de fáng jiānzhè xiē fáng de mén cháo yuàn kāi zhe zōng zài huā guǒ shù zài jǐng shàng pán jiézài shí de shí jìng shàng zhāng 'ǎi zhuō bàng bǎi zhe zhū tiān zhú kuí lán de qiān niú huā bèi hǒngpiàn zhe cóng shí bǎn féng cháng chū lái
  
   chuān bái qún de nán hái cháng zhe shuāng jǐng jiè de yǎn jīngzhèng zài gěi zhè xiē zhí jiāo shuǐrán 'érméi lái biàn xiàng yān shìde xiāo shī liǎo
  
   zhěng chǎng jǐng què yān nán zhuō jiù lián jiān yòng chōng dāng zuò diànbǎi zhe dèng líng bāo de cháng shā zhe běn chǎn de tǎn de gǒng xíng cháng wàishèn zhì zhāng duī mǎn liǎo lǎotài shì bào》。 yīng liǎng guó de chāo xiàn dài píng lùn de zhuō shì héng héng fán zhǒng zhǒng yòu míng xiǎn de cháo nòng shén tàihǎo xiàng shēng zài mǒu shā xíng zhě de huàn jué zhī zhōng
  
   huā guǒ shù xià de yāo qǐng méi guò dǔn 'érxǐng lái shítóu dǐng shàng jiān shí de cāng qióng qiàn mǎn liǎo xīng xīng fēng zài gēn zōng qīng tán
  
   ān héng héng měi héng héng níng jìngcōng míng de 'ā 'ěr hàn
  
   èr
  
   cōng míng de 'ā 'ěr hàn wán chéng liǎo héng héng jiēguǒ què yòu diǎn lìng rén shī wàng héng héng 'èr shí nián qián jiā kǎo xué huì jiāo gěi de jué rèn hòu zhí liú lián wàng fǎnzhàn zhe zhè zuò shí jūn yào sài zhù cóng dài zhuànxiàng zhōng shì liǎo guò méi jiù lián zhè xiē diào chá zhǐ shì duàn duàn zuò de jiù shì zài xián xiá de shǐ guò shícái zuò de
  
   zhè wèi měi guó xiǎo huǒ shì nián dōng tiān zài 'ěr jiàn hēng · ā 'ěr hàn dezài suǒ lǎo shàng xiào fàn diàn men liǎ zuò zài kàn luó de xiāng xīng guāng càn làn de yáng tái shàng chī fàn zhī zěn me xiǎo huǒ yǐn liǎo zhè wèi kǎo xué jiā de xīng shì jiē shòu yāo qǐnglái nián dào shā zhǎo
  
  ① āi chéng zhènwèi luó pàn yòu dài
  
   men jǐn jǐn gòng liǎo liáng xiāoér qiě lǎo suǒ bǎo jīng shì de yǎn jīng zhí xiàng men zhǎ cóngdōng gōnglái de liǎng sān jiāo mèi láng yòu shì láo dāoyòu shì hǎn jiàorán 'érzhè liǎng nán zhe yuè guāng huí 'ěr liǎozài tóng xíng zhōngméi xiǎng lián piānrèn wéi jīng zhuó chū liǎo 'ā 'ěr hàn xìng de běn lún kuò zhǒng guǎ huān 'ér yòu duō chóu shàn gǎn de xìng cháng lǎn duò chéng xìngshí 'ér xīn xuè lái cháoxiǎng cān jiā cōng míng tòu dǐng de huó dòng cán xíng huì shāng xīnquè yòu dào fāng shǎng de huǎn jiě wàng shì juédàn yòu kān rěn shòu cháng
  
   méi de tuán hái zhǐ shā bǎoyǐn tiān bèi rén chēng zuò hēng · ā 'ěr hàn héng héng zhī dào zhù zài zuò shí jūn chéng bǎo de rénhéng héng wéi zhè qiē suǒ mǎn de shǎo wéi duō chuán zhú jiàn jìn zài qīng nián shí dài bǎi chū delián zhōng nián màn màn jiāng huà jìn de jià shì de zhuàng kuàng hái yòu mǒu zhǒng gēngshēn gèng 'àn de dōng guò xiǎo huǒ duì biǎo shì huái huò jǐn jǐn shì zhè yàng zhǒng shì shíàn zhǒng shū fāng shì shēng huó zhì zhǒng jiù chuāngshāng zhǒng jiù duō nián qián pèng dào liǎo mǒu yào hài chùcóng 'ér niǔ liǎo de xìng de dōng gèng wéi zhòng yào de shìā 'ěr hàn xíng dòng chí huǎng de shén tài liú zài guān duān zhèngbáifà péng péng de zōng cháng liǎn shàngméi cóng zhōng jué chá chū zhǒng jīng shén shàng dào shàng de duò xìngzhè zuò chuán xìng chéng bǎo dìng péi yǎng liǎo zhè zhǒng duò xìngbìng wéi gōng liǎo yóu
  
  “ dào zhè 'ér kāi tán róng !” chén yín zheshēn zài shēn xiàn gēngshēn liǎo
  
  “ kāi fàn xiān shēng,” lín xuān
  
   cān zhuō bǎi zài shì chǎng kāi zhe de gǒng mén zhào zhù de zhú guāng zài hēi 'àn zhōng xíng chéng liǎo méi guī de chí měi dāng zhè wèi shēn chuān bái shàng dēng róng xié de rén chū xiàn zài zhú guāng xià shíjiù xiǎn chū gèng gànliàngèng jīng de shén hái yòu yàng de fàn cài héng héng nán dào chú shì 'ěr rén mendōu shì tiān cáizhè xiē 'ěr rén lín tóu yángxiào liǎo xiào biǎo shì chéng rènbiàn kāi shǐ gěi rén bēi zhēn xiè bái táo jiǔ
  
  “ yào jiǔ,” méi nài xīn shuō
  
  “ duì xiān shēng shì héng héng
  
  “ shì shuō yòu léi kuàng quán shuǐ ?”
  
  “ shì dexiān shēng shì xiàn méi yòu shèng de liǎotiān yào mìngā 'ěr hàn xiān shēng zhí zài zhè guāng liǎoxīn huò yào děng xià xīng cái dào men zhǐ néng kào nán xià de shāng duì。”
  
  “ méi guān jiù shuǐ shí gèng huān shuǐ。”
  
   lín de jīng biàn chéng liǎo jīng 'ě。“ shuǐ xíng xiān shēngshuǐ héng héng zài zhè dài fāng?”
  
   méi yòu dòng liǎo。“ men de shuǐ wèi shēng néng néng shāo kāi yuàn héng héng bàn bēi jiǔ tuī kāi
  
  “ āshāo kāidāng rán xiān shēng。” rén de shēng yīn rán jiàng xià jīhū chéng liǎo 'ěr gòu chī dùn de xīn xiān fàn yáng ròu wǎng zhuō shàng jiù xiāo shī liǎo
  
   méi bèi wǎng hòu kàojìn qíng xiǎng shòu zhè zhè liáng shuǎngzhè zōng shù cóng zhōng de qīng fēng
  
   xiāng pēn pēn de cài yáo pán jiē pán duān liǎo shàng láishàng zuì hòu dào cài shíjiù cān rén kāi shǐ gǎn dào gān nán nàijiù zài zhè shí hòu bēi shuǐ bǎi dào liǎo zhǒu biān,“ kāi shuǐxiān shēng hái xiàng miàn liǎo níng méng de zhī 。”
  
  “ hǎo kàn dào liǎo xià men de shuǐ yòu diǎn húnzhuó?”
  
  “ zhèng shì zhè yàngxiān shēng guò nín huì xiàn zhè shuǐ cuòxiān shēng。”
  
   méi cháng liǎo cháng。“ huá léi kuàng quán shuǐ hái qiáng。” bēi shuǐ yǐn 'ér jìnrán hòu shēn wǎng hòu kào suǒ kǒu dài lái zhǐ tuō pán dào shǒu biān miàn shì xuějiā xiāng yān
  
  “ nín héng héng yānxiān shēng?”
  
   méi xuějiā còu dào rén diǎn zhe de huǒ shàngzuò wéi huí 。“ zhè jiào shá?”
  
  “ ā cuò de shì lìng zhǒng chōu 。” lín jǐn shèn chǒu liǎo chǒu bǎi zài 'ǎi zhuō shàng de shí piàn qiāng
  
   méi sǒng liǎo sǒng jiān xiè jué liǎo zhè yāo qǐng héng héng xīn gǎn dào tǐng mènzhè nán dào shì 'ā 'ěr hàn lìng wài de héng héng huò zhě zhī yīn wéi xiàn zài kāi shǐ rèn wéi yòu hěn duō duàn dìngzhè qiēdōu tuǒ shàn zhù cáng zài lín jǐng de nǎo mén hòu miàn
  
  “ hái méi yòu 'ā 'ěr hàn xiān shēng de xiāo ?”
  
   lín dòng zuò líng qiǎo shōu shí zhe bēi pán wǎn zhǎnyòu huì 'ér shénme méi yòu tīng jiànsuí hòu héng héng cóng zhú guāng hòu miàn héng héngxiāo xiān shēng huì yòu shénme xiāo shā méi yòu xiàn diànxiān shēng xiàng zài lún dūn。” gōng jìng de chōng dàn liǎo qīng wēi de fǎn fěng。“ guò míng tiān wǎn shàng gāi huí lái liǎo。”
  
   lín tíng dùn liǎo xiàshēn wǎng jìn còu liǎo còu zhǐ mǐn jié de shǒu zài zhuō miàn shàng liǎo zuì hòu fàn zhājiē zhe shì tàn xìng wèn:“ nín zhǔn néng dāi dào huí lái ?”
  
   méi shēng xiào liǎozhè zhǒng tài yòu zhì chuāngshāng liǎo xiàng chì bǎng yàng chén luò zài de jīng shén shàngshí jiān xiāo shì liǎofán nǎo méi yòu liǎo。“ dāi xià guǒ fēi dāi jiāng dāi shàng nián。”
  
  “ ā héng héng nián?” lín kāi wán xiào shìde huí yìng zheshōu shí fàn hòu xiǎo chī de dié zǒu liǎo
  
   sān
  
   méi shuō yào děng 'ā 'ěr hàn niánrán 'ér 'èr tiān zǎo chén xiàn zhǒng duàn de shuō jīng shī liǎo zài zhè yàng fāng jiù méi yòu héng liàng shí jiān de biāo zhǔn shǒu biǎo shàng shǎ de biǎo miàn chéng tiān duì jiǎng zhe de shìzài zhè tuí yuán duàn shàng kōngxīng dǒu zhuǎn jǐn jǐn biāo zhì zhe qiú de gōng zhuǎnrén de jìng luán xìng yùn dòng háo méi yòu
  
   'è zhè shì shí nèi zhōng de míng shēngbèi gǎn jué de qīng wēi héng héng jǐn jǐn shì zhǒng tòng de yōu líng héng héng jiǎn xiǎo dào zuì xiǎo chéng kuàng qiě zhè zhǒng téng tòng bèi gān guǒ fēng píng xià láishēng huó xiàng yǒng héng yàng qīng piāo dān diào huá dòng zhe
  
   yáng xià shíméi chú liǎo zhè zhǒng de gǎn shàng dǐng liào wàng zhe shā sōu xún 'ā 'ěr hàn de zōng nán fāngā shān mài xiàng yáng guāng zuò cūn de lán miàn shā xuán guà zhe fāng gēn huǒ zhù téng kōng 'ér pēn jìn tiān kōng biàn chéng méi guī huā bàn pēn quán shàng de shā biàn chéng huáng jīn de máo zhuàng xiǎo yún cǎi
  
   tiān zhī jiān méi yòu rén de hēi diǎnméi rán děng dài zhe jiā de zhù rénzhí dào shì yán zūn shǒu shí jiān de lín zài qǐng jìn cān
  
   wǎn shàngméi xīn zài yān fān zhe xiē chāo xiàn dài píng lùn héng héng sān yuè qián de jiù zhì shàng jīng cháo de héng héng rán hòu men liào zài biān tóu zāi jìn zhāng cháng shā zuò mèngā 'ěr hàn dìng zài mèng zhōng guò liǎo shàoshí guāngkěn dìng hòu láizhèng dāng gǎn dào xiàn zhuàng tài shí jiù kāi yào sàiyuè chōng guò shā xún qiú wèi zhī de shēng huó dǎo cuò
  
   lín yòng zhǐ xiāng zhe jīn de bēi duān lái liǎo 'ěr fēi
  
  “ jiù yòu ?” méi rán wèn dào
  
  “ zhǐ yòu nín chēng wéi duǒ de zhǒng xiān shēngā 'ěr hàn liǎng zuì hǎo zuò zǒu liǎo。”
  
  “ xiǎng zhe fáng zhǎo zhǎo 。”
  
   lín kǎo liǎo xià。“ nín fáng shì shìxiān shēng。”。
  
  “ zhī dào de ?”
  
  “ tài qīng chǔxiān shēngqiú cháng de xià lǐng men de。”
  
  “ menshuí gēn liǎo?”
  
  “ men yōng rén zhōng jiān de xiān shēng men zǒu liǎo liǎng chún zhǒng hái yòu què shì 。” lín tíng liǎo xià。“ nín rèn shí xiān shēngduì hǎo xiàng cóng qián zài zhè méi yòu jiàn guò nín。”
  
  “ méi yòu,” méi biǎo shì tóng 。“ qián méi yòu lái guò zhè 。”
  
  “ āhéng héng lín zuò zhe shǒu shì shuō:“ rán zhè yàngjiù shì zuì hǎo de chún zhǒng bāng liǎo nín de máng。”
  
  “ gài jīn wǎn huì huí lái ?”
  
  “ hěn yòu néngxiān shēng pàn zhe míng zǎo men liǎ zài zhè chī zǎo fàn,” lín xīng chōng chōng shuō
  
   méi zhe fēi。“ shuō cóng qián zài zhè 'ér méi yòu jiàn guò dào zhè duō jiǔ liǎo?”
  
   lín huí fǎng zhè shù cóng lái méi yòu cháng shí jiān tiào chū de shìde:“ zǒng gòng shí nián líng yuè xiān shēng。”
  
  “ jìn shí 'èr nián liǎoshí jiān suàn duǎn。”
  
  “ shì de duǎn liǎo。”
  
  “ gài cháng kāi ?”
  
   lín zhèng yào duān zhe tuō pán zǒu kāi zhàn zhùzhuǎn guò shēn lái rán jiā zhòng shuō dào:“ dōuméi kāi guòā 'ěr hàn dài dào zhè lái dōuméi kāi guò。”
  
  “ tiān méi fàng tiān jiǎ?”
  
  “ méi yòuxiān shēng。”
  
  “ shì 'ā 'ěr hàn xiān shēng 'ǒu 'ěr hái yào kāi nián zài 'ěr jiàn guò 。”
  
  “ shì dexiān shēng zài zhè shí běn rén yào cìhou zǒu yòu yào guǎn bié rénsuǒ nín zhī dào héng héng héng
  
  “ shì de zhī dào guò dìng jué cháng 。”
  
  “ hǎo xiàng hěn chángxiān shēng。”
  
  “ shì bié de rén shì shuō men héng héng wán quán kào?”
  
  “ ǹgxiān shēng men zhǐ guò shì 'ā rén,” lín dài zhe mǎn zài de kǒu shuō
  
  “ míng báizhōng jiān méi yòu kào zhù de?” héng héng
  
  “ men de yán jiù méi yòu zhè 'érxiān shēng。”
  
   méi máng zhe diǎn xuějiā tái tóu lái shí xiàn lín hái zài tàn wài zhàn zhe
  
  “ nín zhī dàohǎo xiàng dāyìng liǎo suàn shùxiān shēng,” shuōgǎn qíng jīhū yòu xiē chōng dòng liǎo
  
  “ dāyìng?”
  
  “ jiù shì gěi fàngjiàxiān shēng zài dāyìng 。”
  
  “ shì cóng lái méi yòu duì xiàn?”
  
  “ shì dexiān shēng zhǐ shì tiān tiān guò héng héng”。
  
  “ ā dǎo shìbié wèiwǒ 'áo ,” méi jiē zhe shuō。“ xiǎng shuì jué děng zhe héng héng děng 'ā 'ěr hàn xiān shēng。”
  
   lín yǎn jīng dèng lǎo lǎo 。“ zài zhè 'ér děngxiān shēngjiù zài yuàn děng?”
  
   xiǎo huǒ diǎn liǎo diǎn tóu rén dòng dòng zhàn zhe dǎliang yuè guāng zhè rén zhào xiàng bái de yōu língméi tiān jiǎ jiù de nài xīn de rén de 'ān de guǐ hún
  
  “ zài zhè yuàn zuò tōng xiāoxiān shēngzhè shì guài lěng qīng de fāngnín yào huàn shì tīng jiàn denín zuì hǎo shuì juéxiān shēngkōng hǎonín huì jiù bìng de。”
  
   méi xiào shēngshū zhǎn shēn tǎng zài cháng shàng。“ háo wèn,” xiǎng,“ zhè jiā huǒ yào gǎi biàn gǎi biàn huán jìng。” shēng shuō:“ ā yào jǐn wèi miǎn shén jīng guò mǐn liǎo línā 'ěr hàn xiān shēng lái liǎo hòu suàn shuō shuō qíng jiù fàng fàngjià liǎo。”
  
   lín réng rán zhù zheyòu huì 'ér gōng yán 。“ nín huì dexiān shēngnín huì ?” luó shìde shēng yīn chuǎn shuō chū liǎo zhè huàshuō dào zuì hòu chéng liǎo xiào shēng héng héng zhǒng duǎn jiān ruì de shēng shì zhǒng cháng lái guàn zhè lèi fàng zòng de rén de xiào
  
  “ xiè xiè nínxiān shēngwǎn 'ānxiān shēng。” zǒu liǎo
  
  
  
  “ zǒng shì de shuǐ shāo kāiduì ?” méi wènshǒu zhuā zhù bēi dàn bìng méi yòu lái
  
   shì qīnqiè dejīhū hán yòu xìn rèn zhī qíngméi cóng mào rán dāyìng shè gěi lín fàngjià hòugǎn dào gēn lín zhī jiān jiàn liǎo zhēn chéng de yǒu
  
  “ shuǐ shāo kāizǒng shì zhè yàngxiān shēng hái yòng shuō。” lín dài fēn guài de shuōfǎng méi de wèn bāo hán zhe duì men xīn jiàn de guān de fēinàn héng héng wàng shì shí de shuāng jīng 'ě de yǎn jīng zhù shì zhe méi zài zhè shuāng yǎn jīng zhǒng zhēn zhèng de guān qiē tòu guò zhí xìng lěng de yòu biǎo xiǎn chū lái
  
  “ yīn wéi zhī dàojīn tiān zǎo shàng zǎo héng héng
  
   lín zhèng cóng piāo rán 'ér zhì de 'ā rén shǒu jiē guò pán xiāng pēn pēn de ”。 shēng shī zhe běn rén:“ zhè gāi de huò lián zhǐ pán duān wěnpēi!” huà hái méi wánā rén jiù xiāo shī liǎo shì lín zhǐ shǒu huāng máng pán bǎi dào méi miàn qián。“ men quán shì zhè yàng 。” chuī máo qiú de zhe xiù shàng de dào yóu hén
  
  “ yīn wéi zhī dàojīn tiān zǎo shàng zǎo liǎo chòu hōng hōng de。” méi biān shuō biān chā chí liào jìn cài pán
  
  “ nín zǎo liǎoxiān shēng?” lín zǎo 'èr yǎo hěn zhòngdāng guāng zhuǎn dào méi shēn shàng shíbié de qíng bèi pái chújīng 'ě zài chōng mǎn liǎo de shuāng yǎn。“ lùn néng ràng zhè yàng de shì shēng。” biǎo shì jiù
  
  “ zhè zhǐ yòu kǒu jǐngjiù shì yuàn de kǒu jǐng?”
  
   lín míng xiǎng zhe rén de bào yuànzhè shí yìng cóng chén zhōng huàn xǐng。“ shì dexiān shēngzhǐ yòu zhè kǒu。”
  
  “ zhè shì kǒu shénme jǐngshuǐ shì cóng 'ér lái de?”
  
  “ āzhè zhǐ guò shì kǒu shuǐ jiàoxiān shēng shuǐzhè zài méi yòu bié de liǎobìng shì yīn wéi quē shuǐér shì dào zhè jiéyòu shí hòu jǐng shuǐ jiù chū xiàn guài wèi 'érwèn wèn 'ā rénxiān shēng men huì gào nín dejìn guǎn men gèdōu shì huǎng wáng fàn zhe zài zhè jiàn shì shàng huǎng。”
  
   méi xiǎo xīn cháng zhe bēi de shuǐ。“ zhè shuǐ hǎo xiàng méi shá wèn ,” xuān chēng
  
   yóu zhōng de mǎn zhī qíng huà zài lín de miàn kǒng shàng
  
  “ qīn shāo shuǐxiān shēng zǒng shì zhè me zuò de wàng léi kuàng quán shuǐ míng tiān jiù dàoxiān shēng。”
  
  “ āmíng tiān,” héng héng méi sǒng liǎo sǒng jiānyòu shèng liǎo bēi。“ míng tiān huì zài zhè 'ér liǎo。”
  
  “ shénme héng héng yào zǒu xiān shēng?” lín rǎng lái
  
   méi měng zhuǎn guò shēn láizhù dào lín yǎn jīng yòu zhǒng xīn de de shén rén gǎn dào duì méi yòu zhǒng gǒu yàng de liànméi shì rén xiǎng liú xiàquàn nài xīn děng dài shì xiàn zàiméi tóng yàng shìzài de shén zhōng yòu zhǒng kuān wèizài de shēng yīn chàbù duō yòu zhǒng mǎn
  
  “ zhè me kuàixiān shēng?”
  
  “ āi lái jīng tiān ā 'ěr hàn xiān shēng réng rán yǎo yīn xùn shuō lái de shì wàng zài nǎo hòu liǎo héng héng
  
  “ ā méi yòu me shuōxiān shēngméi yòu wàngyào shì duī yòu duī de lǎo shí tóu yòu kuài zhù liǎo de xīn qiào lián shí jiān huì wàng diào de de fēi shì zhè yàng tiān tiān huàng guò liǎo héng héng què zài zuò mèng hěn yòu néng rèn wéi xiàn zài nín cái gāi dàoxiān shēng。” dàn dàn de wēi xiào jiā liǎo lín miàn róng shàng de yīn chén de yán xìngzhè shì méi kàn jiàn de xiào róng
  
  “ ò míng bái liǎo guò héng héngméi tíng xià láizhè lìng rén hūn hūn shuì de fāng de yōu yóu zài duò xìng de zhòu zhèn zài shēn shàngzhè shí jǐng jué de běn néng yòu wǎng huí zhēngzhá。“ guài de shì héng héng
  
  “ guài shénme?” lín chū rén liào huí yìng liǎo gān zǎo gān huā guǒ fàng zài zhuō shàng
  
  “ shénme guài,” méi shuō
  
   wǎng kàocóng gǒng mén yǎng wàng gāo kuò de tiān qióngzhèng zhèng xiàng lán jīn de cóng tiān qióng qīng xiè xià láiā 'ěr hàn yuǎn zài huǒ de huá gài xià de shénme fāng zhèng rén suǒ shuō dechén miǎn zài de mèng zhōngzhè kuài chōng mǎn liǎo
  
  “ yào fēi xiān shēng?” lín xǐng méi fēi jiē guò lái
  
  “ guài de shì shuō duì zhè xiē jiā huǒ héng héng zhè xiē 'ā rén héng héng quán xìn rènér qiě hǎo xiàng duì 'ā 'ěr hàn jiū jìng dào liǎo háo zài qiē tīng zhī rèn zhī。”
  
   lín jīng huì shén piān de tài zhè xiē huà jiē shòu xià lái míng bái zhè xiē huà de yòng 。“ exiān shēng héng héng nín míng báishénme shí hòu gāi xìn rèn menshénme shí hòu gāi xìn rènzhè zhèng shì jiàn xué huì de shìdāng rán yào kàn men de hàihái yòu men suǒ wèi de zōng jiào。” xiǎn chū xiè de shén 。“ jiù shì yào míng bái wèishénme duì 'ā 'ěr hàn háo zài nín shēng huó zài men zhōng jiān cái xíngxiān shēngér qiě nín hái huì shuō men de huà。”
  
  “ shì héng héngméi kāi shǐ shuō rán zhì zhù wān xià yāo fēi
  
  “ shénmexiān shēng?”
  
  “ shì duō shǎo hái suàn zài men zhōng jiān xíng guò。”
  
  “ xíng guò!” tīng liǎo zhè huà hòu shǐ lín tán huà de hěn nán zūn jìng cháo nòng tiáohé lái
  
  “ guòzhè jīng shì tiān liǎo,” méi zhēng biàn shuōzhèng de yán shèn zhì xūn zhēng zhe yuàn de yìn liáng chù jiān rèn de zhì yào biàn cuì ruò liǎo
  
  “ néng míng báixiān shēngxiàng nín zhè yàng wèi shēn shì hái yòu bié de shì héng héng shuōshí jiān jǐn ,” lín qíng chéng rèn
  
   qīng hǎo cān zhuō dōng jiāo dào gāng gāng chū xiàn yòu xuán xiāo shī de shuāng 'ā shǒu shàngzuì hòu biàn kāi liǎoér méi de shēn xiàn jìn liǎo cháng shā mèng xiāng
  
   xià xiàng kuài jīn shā zhàngguà zài shàng kōngzhào zhù liǎo zhì diésōng chí de zhòu chuí zài tóu zhòng jiǎo qīng de zōng shù shàngzuì hòu jīn guāng biàn chéng liǎo tiān chéng liǎo zhāng shuǐ jīng gōngjǐn kòu zhe hēi shāzhè shíméi dǒu shuì liù chū guòzhè méi yòu dēng shàng dǐngquè cháo lìng wài fāng xiàng zǒu
  
   jīng guò tiān de xián dàng děng dài hòu jīng xiàn duì zhè fāng liǎo jiě duō me shǎo zhè shì dān zhù zài zhè de zuì hòu wǎn shàng liǎo cóng tiáo gǒng dǐng shí dào zǒu chū yuàn dào liǎo lìng qiáng juàn zhù de wéi chǎng jìn lái shíliǎng sān dūn zài de 'ā rén zhàn lái xiāo shī liǎofǎng jiān shí de zhuān shí qiáng men jiē zǒu shìde
  
   wài miànméi tīng dào zhǒng de shēngzhè shì jiàng lín shí jiù de sāo dòng shēng cóng lìng gǒng mén xià zǒu jìn liào zǒu dào liǎo qún luó zhōng jiānzài míng 'àn de dēng guāng xià 'ā rén zài shuà shì nián qīng zhuàng de yào xiāo shī shì méi cóng xiù shàng zhuā zhù liǎo
  
  “ de huó。” yòng 'ā shuō
  
   zhè rén yòu nián qīng yòu jiàn zhuàngcháng zhe zhāng bèi yīnrén de shòu liǎn zhàn zhù wàng zhe méi
  
  ① zài 'ā bàn dǎo běi fēi shā cóng shì yóu de 'ā rén
  
  “ hái zhī dào xià huì shuō men de huà。”
  
  “ shì huì shuō,” méi shuō
  
   zhè rén zuò shēng zhǐ shǒu zài chàn dòng 'ān de shànglìng zhǐ shǒu chā zài yáng máo yāo dài zài hūn 'àn de dēng guāng xià men liǎ miàn miàn xiāng
  
  “ zhè jiù shì ?” méi wèn
  
  “ ?” ā rén de yǎn jīng xiàng xià kàn zhè chù shēng de tuǐ。“ āshì de ,” hán huí
  
   méi wān xià yāo hòu de qiú jié。“ zhè hǎo xiàng tǐng hǎo dejīn wǎn néng néng màn màn páo zhèn ?”
  
   ā rén zài kǎo xiǎn rán bèi zhè wèn jiā zài shēn shàng de rèn de zhòng liàng nòng zhī suǒ cuò
  
  “ xià jīn wǎn xiǎng huí ?”
  
  “ āzhǐ guò shì luàn xiǎng liǎo xiǎng xiǎng。” méi diǎn zhe zhī xiāng yānbìng gěi zhī de bái shǎnbiǎo shì gǎn xiè men yòng tóng gēn huǒ chái diǎn guò yān hòu jiē jìn liǎoā rén de dǎn qiè xīn jiǎn xiǎo liǎo
  
  “ zhè shì 'ā 'ěr hàn xiān shēng de ?” méi wèn
  
  “ shì dexiān shēngzhè shì zuì huān de ,” shuō zhǐ shǒu cóng shǎn liàng de jiān shàng xià lái
  
  “ zuì 'ài de shì zhè bìng méi yòu zuò cháng kǎo chá ?”
  
   ā rén yán liǎoyǎn jīng dīng zhe miàn
  
  “ duì zhè jiàn shì gǎn dào jīng ?” méi zhuī wèn dào
  
   rén de tài biǎo míng jīng háo xiāng gān
  
   liǎng rén yánzhè shí lán de xùn jiàng lín liǎo
  
   zuì hòuméi màn jīng xīn shuō:“ xiǎng men de zhù rén shí zài shénme fāng?”
  
   yuè liàng zài xuàn de huáng hūn shí fēn wèi bèi rén jué cháxiàn zài rán zhù zǎi liǎo zhè shì jiè dào kuān kuò de bái guāng 'ā rén de bái zhào liǎn táng guǒ zài tóu shàng de tuó máo tóu jīn zhào liàng táng táng de 'ān de yǎn zhū jiù xiàng bǎo shí bān shǎn liàng
  
  “ dàn yuàn zhēn zhù dài gěi men xùn !”
  
  “ guò zǒng gāi rèn wéi píng 'ān shì rèn wéi méi yòu yào pài rén zhǎo ?”
  
   ā rén zài suǒ zhè jiàn shìzhè wèn dìng shǐ gǎn dào chī jīng zhǐ zōng de gēbo shuǎilǒu zhù liǎo réng rán zhuǎn jīng wàng zhe yuàn de shí tóu
  
  “ zhù rén zài jiā lín xiān shēng jiù shì men de zhù rén。”
  
  “ rèn wéi yòu yào zhǎo héng héng
  
   ā rén shǒu shì :“ xiàn zài hái méi yòu yào。”
  
  “ shì guǒ 'ā 'ěr hàn xiān shēng wài chū de shí jiān yào cháng duō héng héng
  
   rén yòu yán liǎoméi wǎng xià wèn:“ gài shì tóu ?”
  
  “ shì de xià。”
  
   yòu shì zhèn tíng dùnméi shēn guò rán hòuyòu huí tóu wèn:“ gài zhī dào 'ā 'ěr hàn de xiàng de fāng?”
  
  “ dāng rán xià。”
  
  “ péi zhǎo tiān liàng xiǎo shí qián zuò hǎo zhǔn bèibié gēn rén jiǎng héng héng guǎn shì lín xiān shēnghái shì bié de shénme rénméi yòu bié rén bāng máng men liǎ gāi zhǎo jiàn de。”
  
   ā rén mǎn liǎn dōushì yǎn jīng chǐ chū de yìng de guāng huī。“ xiān shēng bǎo zhèng ràng nín jiā zhù rén míng tiān tiān hēi qián jiàn miànshuí huì zhī dào。”
  
  “ xiàng yàng 'ā 'ěr hàn dān xīn,” méi xiǎng qīng wēi de hánzhàn shùn liáng 'ér xià。“ hǎo zuò hǎo zhǔn bèi,” zài sān dīng níng
  
   màn huí lái xiàn yuàn shēng zhǐ jiàn yín shìde zōng bái shí bān de huā guǒ shù zhàn zhe yuàn luò
  
  “ jìng,” wéi xiǎng dào,“ méi yòu gào lín huì shuō 'ā huàzhè hái shì zhí qìng xìng de。”
  
   zuò xià lái děng zhezhí děng dào lín cóng shì zǒu lái zhèng zhòng xuān zhèng cān jīng bǎi hǎo
  
  
  
   méi měng xià zài chuáng shàng zuò láizhè zhǒng měng jìn qián hái céng yòu guòyòu rén zài fáng xiàn zhè zhǒng qíng kuàng bìng shì yóu kàn jiàn liǎo shénme huò tīng jiàn liǎo shénme héng héng yuè liàng jīng luò liǎo wàn lái héng héng 'ér shì yóu jué chá dào bāo wéi men de xíng de liú yòu zhǒng 'ér qīng wēi de sāo dòng
  
   qīng xǐng guò lái shǒu diàn tǒng guāng zhào jìn shuāng jīng kǒng wàn zhuàng de yǎn jīng lín zhàn zài chuáng tóu
  
  “ ā 'ěr hàn xiān shēng héng héng huí lái liǎo?” méi hǎn dào
  
  “ méi yòuxiān shēng méi yòu huí lái。” lín yòng chén 'ér zhì de shuō de duān zhì shǐ méi gǎn dào yòu wēi xiǎn héng héng shuō shàng wèishénme wēi xiǎn shuō qīng shì shénme xìng zhì de wēi xiǎn zhí tǐng tǐng zuò zhe dīng zhe rén
  
  “ me shì zěn me huí shì?”
  
  “ ǹgxiān shēngnín gēn lín tán zhī qián gāi gào nín huì shuō 'ā ,” héng héng lín xiàn zài yòng de shì shēn chì rén de 。“ yào hēi gēn zài shā huì jiàn
  
   méi shēn shǒu jiàn liǎo huǒ chái chuáng tóu de zhú diǎn zhe zhī dào gāi lín jiǎo chū hái shì tīng fēi shuō de huàrán 'ér zhǒng hàoqí de chōng dòng shǐ jué dìng zhè 'èr zhǒng fāng shì
  
  “ bèn liǎo běn lái xiǎng nín suǒ zài běn gāi zhè me zuò de。” lín cóng kǒu dài tāo chū yàoshìbìng wǎng shàng 。“ huò zhě yòu nín fàng zǒu liǎofàng zǒu dǎo gèng xǐngshì shì hái yòu wēn 。”
  
  “ wēn ?” méi huí yìng zhe kāi shǐ rèn wéi rén fēng liǎo rén zài zhǒng chōng mǎn yán dàngyāo shù de fāng huì fēng diǎn guài zhī dào 'ā 'ěr hàn běn rén shì fǒu yòu diǎn fēng héng héng guǒ 'ā 'ěr hàn réng zài rén róng fēng de rén shì de huà
  
  “ wēn nín dāyìng guò ràng 'ā 'ěr hàn xiān shēng gěi fàng jiǎ héng héng hǎo ràng shí huí yīng guó kàn kàn wēn rén yòu suǒ hǎoshì shìxiān shēng hǎo de jiù shì zhè diǎn zài gěi 'ā 'ěr hàn xiān shēng zhè yàng shuō shì gēn běn tīnghuò zhě zhǐ jiǎ zhuāng tīng tīngshuō:‘ men kǎo kǎo lín men kǎo kǎo zài jiù méi yòu xià wén liǎo shì nín gēn yàngxiān shēng zhī dào nín shì shuō huà suàn shù de héng héng jiù shì gěi fàngjià de shìsuǒ suàn nín suǒ zài 。”
  
   lín běn zhèng jīng shuōrán 'ér de zhōng hǎi shì lún dūn kǒu yīn zhōng bāo hán zhe zhǒng yǐn yǐn yuē yuē de jǐn zhāng xīn qíng。“’
  
  “ suǒ zài ?”
  
  “ fáng zhǐ nín gēn shā rén xiōng shǒu zǒu diàonín gài méi yòu xiǎng dào nín zǒuzài huì huó zhe huí lái ?”
  
   méi hán 'ér jiù xiàng tiān hēi qián cǔn 'ā rén gēn yàng 'ā 'ěr hàn xiān shēng dān xīn shí yàng qīng shēng xiào j。
  
  “ zhī dào zài shuō shí me guò huì suǒ zài de;”
  
   zhè huà zào chéng liǎo chū rén liào de xiào guǒ lín de liǎn niǔ chéng zhǒng jìng luán xìng de guǐ liǎnliǎng yǎn lèi yǒng xiàng bái bái de jié máocóng miàn jiá shàng gǔn liǎo xià lái
  
  “ nín dào xìn rèn ,” bēi qiē shuō
  
   méi kào zài zhěn tóu shàng kǎo cóng qián hái méi dào zhè me guài de shìzhè jiā huǒ kàn shàng jiǎn zhí huāng táng tòu dǐngzhēn rén xiào shì de yǎn lèi kěn dìng shì jiǎ zhuāng de 'ā 'ěr hànyīn wéi jīng liǎohái shì méi yīn wéi jiāng bèi sòng jìn tóng yàng de fén
  
  “ yīngdāng shàng xìn rèn ,” méi shuō,“ guǒ yuàn gào de zhù rén zài de huà。”
  
  “ bàn dàoxiān shēng。”
  
  “ ā zǎo jiù zhè yàng xiǎng!”
  
  “ yīn wéi héng héng zěn me huì zhī dào ?”
  
   méi tiáo tuǐ shēn xiàng chuáng wài zhǐ shǒu cáng zài tǎn xià zhù de zuǒ lún shǒu qiāng。”
  
  “ hǎo xiàn zài zǒu liǎoxiān yàoshì zài zhuō shàngbié xiǎng fāng shè huài de jìhuà guǒ yào huài qiāng liǎo ,” zhí jié liǎo dāng shuō
  
  “ ānín huì qiāng shā yīng guó chén mín de jiù shì qíng nào liǎozhè me zuò bìng zài héng héng yīn wéi jiù cháng cháng xiǎng zhè me zuò yòu shí hòu shì zài luò fēngshèng chuī de jié xià zhù ér qiě nín zǒu liǎo。”
  
  ① ōu zhōu nán zhǒng mèn dài de fēng
  
   zhè shí méi jīng zhàn lái liǎozuǒ lún shǒu qiāng kàn qīng chǔ lín lěng yǎn xiāng dài
  
  “ kàn lái dìng zhī dào 'ā 'ěr hàn xiān shēng de xiàng liǎo xià jué xīn duì mán zhe zhè jiàn shì ?” méi tiǎo xìn xìng wèn 。”
  
  “ lín xià liǎo jué xīn。” lín shuō,“ bié de réndōu xià liǎo jué xīn men xiǎng jiào nín zǒu kāisuǒ jiào men dāi zài héng héng yóu rén cìhou nínxiàn zài nín yào zài zhè dāi xià xiān shēngkàn zài shàng miàn shàngxiān shēnghuí hǎi 'àn de shāng duì hòu tiān jiù zhè guògēn shàng shāng duì zǒuxiān shēng héng héng zhè shì wéi 'ān quán de gǎn ràng nín gēn men de rén shǐ nín shì jìng zhí xiàng hǎi 'àn guǎn zhè shì xíng。”
  
  “ zhè shìshénme shì?”
  
  “ jiù shì cāo xīn 'ā 'ěr hàn xiān shēng zài de shìxiān shēngbìng méi yòu shénme hǎo cāo xīn dezhè xiē réndōu zhī dào shì míng bǎi zhe de shì shí shì cóng 'ā 'ěr hàn zǒu hòu men cóng de qián xiāng tōu liǎo xiē qián guǒ duì zhè shì zhuāng lóng zuò de huà men huì zǎi diào men zhǐ yào nín gēn chū rán hòu nín mái zài shāng shàng shénme fāng de duī shā zhè jiù wàn shì liǎo fèi chuī huī zhī zhè jiù xíng liǎoxiān shēngzhè jiù shì yào shuō de。”
  
   zhèn cháng shí jiān de chén zài hūn 'àn de zhú guāng liǎng rén zhàn zhe miàn miàn xiāng
  
   wēi xiǎn de gǎn jué lǒng shàng xīn tóuméi de tóu nǎo dùn shí qīng chǔ lái de xiǎng cóng miàn fāng shēn jìn bāo cáng qiē dídí dàn dào chù jiān guài de shì lín gěi jiǎng de suī rán lián bàn dōubù xìnrán 'ér jiù men de xiāng guān 'ér yán rén shǐ chǎn shēng liǎo zhǒng de xìn rèn gǎn。“ guān 'ā 'ěr hàn zài huǎngyào yǐn mán tiān shì xiāng xìn zài lín de shì qíng shàng huì huǎng。”
  
   méi zuǒ lún shǒu qiāng zài zhuō shàng。“ hǎo ,” shuō。“ rán quàn bié zhǎo 'ā 'ěr hàn jiù liǎodàn shì yuàn suí zhe shāng duì zǒu yào zài zhè děng huí lái。”
  
   kàn jiàn lín huáng de liǎn biàn shuà bái。“ ābié zhè yàngxiān shēng guǒ nín yào děng guǎn liǎo menhòu tiān shāng duì huì nín dài dào hǎi biānróng jiù xiàng nín zài hǎi gōng yuán de páo dào shàng páo yàng。”
  
  “ ā zhī dào 'ā 'ěr hàn xiān shēng hòu tiān qián huì huí lái liǎo?” méi chà shuō
  
  “ shénme zhī dàoxiān shēng。”
  
  “ lián xiàn zài zài zhī dào?”
  
   lín chén yín bàn shǎng。“ de shí jiān tài cháng liǎoxiān shēng zhī dào,” zhàn zài mén jiàn shàng shuō
  
   mén zài shēn hòu shàng liǎo
  
   méi xiàn zài shuì zhe liǎo kào jìn chuāng wàng zhe xīng xīng zhú jiàn yǐnmò míng zhe shèng jié de guāng cǎi lái lín liǎoshēng mìng de sāo dòng zài zhè qiáng nèi xiān shíchún jié zhī quán pēn xiàng tiān de xiàng biān yàng fùzhuó xià miàn zhuān shí zhù chéng de cháo xuéliǎng xiāng duì zhào jīng
  
   zài zhī dào xiāng xìn shénmexiāng xìn shuínán dào 'ā 'ěr hàn de shénme yuān jiā yòu jìn liǎo shā bìng shōu mǎi liǎo de réncóng 'ér dào liǎo men de huò zhě de rén yòu shénme yóu guǎi zǒu lín shuō guǒ méi zǒutóng yàng de mìng yùn jiāng huì luò dào tóu shàng shí yòu néng zài shuō zhēn huà
  
   méi zài chén guāng wēi zhī gǎn dào jīng huī liǎo shēn de zhe yào dāi xià nòng shuǐ luò shí chū
  
   liù
  
   gěi méi zǎo shuǐ de zǒng shì lín běn rénrán 'ér zhè tiān zǎo chén méi yòu duān shuǐ láilái de shí hòu què duān zhe zǎo diǎnméi zhù dào miàn cāng bái yǎn tōng hónghǎo xiàng hóng de yàngzhè zhǒng xié diào lìng rén kuài shì duì lín de zhǒng yàn 'è zhī qíng zài xiǎo huǒ xīn xiōng rán 'ér shēng
  
  “ de zǎo shuǐ ?” xún wèn dào
  
  “ òxiān shēngnín zuó tiān bào yuàn shuǐ héng héng
  
  “ néng shāo kāi ?”
  
  “ shāo kāi liǎoxiān shēng。”
  
  “ hǎo héng héng
  
   lín kūsangzheliǎn chū liǎo zhe tóng huí lái。“ nián dào liǎo zhè shí hòu héng héng men pàn pàn yào mìng,” nóng nóng shuō zhe duō diǎn 'ér shuǐ dǎo jìn zǎo pén
  
   cuòxiàn zài jǐng shuǐ dìng hěn qiǎnméi xiǎng biàn shāo kāi liǎohái dài yòu qián tiān zhù dào de nán wén wèi guò chéng qīng diǎn 'ér jiù shì liǎo shì zài zhè zhǒng hòu xià zǎo gèng shì jué duì yào de bēi shuǐ jìn néng tuǒ shàn shè dào shēn shàng
  
   huā liǎo tiān gōng kǎo de chǔjìngdàn háo jiēguǒ wàng zǎo chén huì dài lái zhōng gàodàn zhǐ dài lái liǎo yǒng jué xīn guǒ méi yòu zhè xiē dōuméi yòu duō yòng chù rán xiǎng cóng hǎi 'àn dào nán fāng de shāng duì tiān xià yào cóng chéng bǎo jìn jīng guò lín zhè láo dāo de shù gòu duō de liǎoyīn wéi yào dài lái zhěng xiāng huá léi kuàng quán shuǐ de zhèng shì shāng duì
  
  “ ǹg bìng bùwèi zhè zhǒng chǔjìng gǎn dào hàn,” méi chén yín dàoshēn shàng de ròu bēng jǐn dezǎo shàng guò zǎo hòumǒu zhǒng lìng rén 'ěxīn denián de dōng bàn shì wèibàn shì shí fùzhuó zài de shàng xiǎng dào yòu yào zhǒng shuǐzhēn lìng rén zuò 'ǒu
  
   rán 'ér huān yíng shāng duì lái de zhù yào yuán yīn shì wàng cóng zhōng zhǎo dào mǒu 'ōu zhōu rénhuò zhě lùn zhǎo dào mǒu cóng hǎi 'àn lái de běn guān yuán hǎo xiàng men de yōu huàng lái huàng tīng zhe děng zherán hòu shàng dǐng yán zhe xiǎo dào xiàng běi liào wàngrán 'érzài xià de yáng guāng xià zhǐ kàn jiàn sān bèi yīn rén lǐng zhe zhèng duǒ zhe dōng de luó xiàng bǎo lěi zǒu lái
  
   men shàng dǒu qiào de shí jiù rèn chū 'ā 'ěr hàn de yōng rénbiàn cāi chū xiàng nán de shāng shí shàng cóng qiáng xià jīng guò rén shì chū dào céng céng dié dié de shā qiū hòu miàn de xiǎo zhōu biān yíng jiē shāng duì deméi xiàn kǎo zhōuméi yòu jiàn dào zhè zhǒng néng xìngyīn 'ér gǎn dào shēng biàn máng bēn xiàng yuàn wàng xià shǒu néng dài lái diǎn 'ā 'ěr hàn de xùn suī ránhòu zhě nán xià shíchōng liàng zhǐ néng chuān guò shāng duì lái de tiáo jìn guǎn yòu xiē shì huì yòu rén zhī dào huì tīng dào mǒu xiē chuán wén héng héng yīn wéi shā méi yòu rén zhī dào de shì
  
   méi páo jìn yuàn shí hǒu shēng liè de biàn shēng cóng yuàn shēng zài qiáng tóu shàng 'ěr tīngdào qián wéi zhǐzài méi yòu zhè fāng de jìng gèng shǐ chī jīng de liǎo lín zhǔn shì yòng zhǐ tiě wàn jiāng xià shǔ de dòng shēng yīn zhù liǎozhè shí zhǒng shēng yīn yòu bèng chū láiér lín běn rén de shēng yīn héng héng wǎng cháng xiǎn píng wěn héng héng dǎo liǎo bié de shēng yīn
  
   lín jīng tōng shā de zhǒng fāng yán xiàn zài zhèng yòng liù zhǒng yán lái zhòu de xià shǔhéng héng héng
  
  “ men méi yòu huí lái héng héng men gěi shuō zài piān shuō jiù zài men zhī dào men gēn hǎi biān lái de xiē bēi de jiā huǒ shí rēng dào shā duī shàng liǎoyào me bǎng zài shēn shàngbàn diū liǎo héng héng mendōu shuìde hūn tóu hūn nǎoshuí méi yòu zhù dàoā men zhè xiē yǎng de men hái xián nòng zàng liǎo de zuǐ J hǎo huí gěi zhǎo huí láizài méi yòu shénme shuō de!”
  
  “ zhēn zhù xiān zhī zhī líng zài shàng wán quán cuò guài liǎo men zhōu shàng shénme méi rēng xià shàng huì diū jiù shì zài 'érzhè shì qiān zhēn wàn què de。”
  
  “ hǎo qiān zhēn wàn què’! men zhè huǒ lián de huǎng chóng men chéng rènzhè de wèi shēn shì zhǐ shuǐ jiǔ zhān men zhè xiē jiǔ guǐ!”
  
   méi shēn cóng qiáng shàng suō huí láifàng xīn xiào liǎozhǐ guò shì xiāng léi kuàng quán shuǐ héng héng diū liǎo xiāng héng héng jiù shǐ zhè xiē hàn men dòng gān huǒnào tiān fān zhè zhǒng tóu shé wěi de miàn dǎo shǐ méi xīn tóu de kuài shí tóu luò liǎo guǒ lǎo chéng chí zhòng de lín zài yǐn shí gōng yìng shàng de zhè me dǐng diǎn xiǎo zhàng léi tíng me zhì shǎo hái yòu huò de xīnzhè diǎn máo suàn de xiǎo shì jìng shǐ méi luàn xiǎngzhēn shì huāng táng tòu dǐng
  
   bèi lín de guān xīn gǎn dòng liǎoshǐ shēng de shì jìng shòu dào dōng fāng xuán xiǎng de nòng
  
   ā 'ěr hàn chū mén bàn de shì liǎozhè xiē rén hěn néng zhī dào dào bàn shì liǎobàn shénme shì liǎo shǐ men chèn zài shí qiǎng liǎo jiā de qiánbìng qiě yīn fēn zāng jūn 'ér chǎo nào xiūméi kàn chū néng shénme zuò yòng guāi de zhù rén héng héng jìng zhǐ yòu zhī jiāo héng héng duì mào rán qǐng gǎn dào hòu huǐzhǐ hǎo chū ménhǎo táo dài de fán nǎoméi rán chǎn shēng zhè niàn tóu hòu jué shùn chéng zhāng shì kāi shǐ huái 'ā 'ěr hàn shì fǒu cáng dào zhè zhǒng guǎi wān de zhù zhái de mǒu shì zhèng děng zhe rén
  
   zhè zhǒng xiǎng hěn néng shuō míng lín wèishénme ràng lái héng héng wán quán shuō míng rén wèishénme biǎo xiàn jǐn zhāng 'ér máo dùn héng héng shì méi duì de dùn gǎn dào hǎo xiào duàn rán jué dìng kāijué xīn xiàxīn qíng píng jìng xià lái zài yuàn zhí pái huái dào jiàng línrán hòu zhào cháng shàng dǐngrán 'érjīn tiān de yǎn jīng shì wàng duàn tiān ér shì níng shì zhe tuán lín zhì de jiàn zhù zài zhè zhù liǎo liù tiānduì zhè xiē jiàn zhù què hěn shǎo liǎo jiělíng kōng de lóu biàn huà duō duān de jiǎo chū láichuāng bǎn jǐn yòu de chuāng zhuāng zhe shìde cǎi gǎn dào gāo shēnnán dào chuāng hòu miàn cáng zhe de zhù rén shí zhèng kuī tàn zhè wèi liú lián de rén de xíng
  
   guàiyōu de réncháng zhe zhāng de cháng liǎn tóu báifàdài zhe biàn de zhuān héngbìng tài de zhuān zhù jiù zài jiàn zhī yáo de fāng xiǎng dào zhè méi chǎn shēng liǎo zhǒng tòngqiè de gǎn gǎn dào bèi zhī mén wàichéng liǎo zhī héng héng rán yòu rén zhù zài zhè fāng yòu zhī dàozhè fāng běn shēn jiù biàn lěng lěng qīng qīngwēi xiǎn chóngchóng liǎo
  
  “ zhēn shǎ héng héng wàng xiàn zàibèi shàng xíng jiù zǒu!” xiǎo huǒ chén yín dàoshì dejué xīn dìngmíng tiān zǎo jiù zǒu
  
   lín xià wèi lòumiànzuì hòu dào liǎo hěn wǎn de shí hòu cái lái fàn zhuō bǎi hǎo xiǎn mèn mèn chén guǎ yánjīhū dào liǎo de chéng zhè zhǒng biǎo qíng méi zài liǎn shàng hái wèi jiàn guòxiǎo huǒ yǒu hǎo wèn :“ hǎo héng héng kāi fàn yín?” jīhū huìméi zuò xià hòu pán cài shēng xiǎng liǎo shàng láiméi pèng pèng bēi miàn réng kōng kōng
  
  “ āméi yòu de liǎoxiān shēngyōng rén xiāng léi kuàng quán shuǐ diū liǎoyào jiù shì diào zài shàng lián píng liǎo men shuō gēn 'ér jiù méi lái huòzhè xiē jiào zuǐ zhāng jiù yào huǎng zěn me zhī dào ?” lín rán 'è hěn hěn shuō
  
   shàng lái de cài fàng zài zhuō shàngméi xiàn fēi zhè me zuò yīn wéi rén quán shēn zhí duō suohǎo xiàng shì bǎi
  
  “ lǎo xiōngzhè shì zěn me huí shì yào shēng bìng liǎo,” méi hǎn zhe zhǐ shǒu zhuā zhù rén de gēborán 'ér hòu zhě què nán nán shuō:“ āshàng dàn yuàn zhǎo lái,” měng zhuǎn shēnjiù cóng fáng jiān xiāo shī liǎo
  
   méi zuò zhe chén kàn lái lián de lín yào jīng shén bìng liǎo nán guàiyīn wéi méi běn rén shòu dào liǎo de guò liǎo huì lín yòu chū xiàn liǎoxíng wéi zuǐ jǐn duān zhe fàn hòu xiǎo chī píng bái táo jiǔ。“ duì xiān shēng。”
  
   wèile 'ān wèi méi liǎo kǒu jiǔrán hòu tuī kāihuí dào yuàn zhèng xiàng huā guǒ shù zǒu lín què qiǎng xiān liù guò téng tiáo zhuō bān dào yuàn de lìng tóu liǎo
  
  “ nín zuò zài zhè gèng hǎo xiē héng héng shàng jiù fēng liǎo。” shuō。“ gěi nín duān fēi。”
  
   yòu jiàn liǎoméi zuò zhe níng shì zhe duī zhuān shí huī zhī dào cóng 'ài de jiǎo luò zhuǎn kāihǎo ràng duǒ kāi héng héng hái shì nuó jìnhéng héng kàn jiàn de dīng shāo zhě de shì jiǎo lín fēi duān lái jiù zǒu kāi liǎoméi zuò zhe
  
   zuì hòu zhàn lái biān chōu yān biān duó lái duó yuè liàng shàng wèi shēng hēi 'àn lǒngzhào zhe qiángwēi fēng zhà kāi shǐ gēn zōng tán liǎo
  
   méi huí dào zuò wèi shàng zuò xiàjiù xiǎng dào yǐn de dīng shāo zhě de guāng jǐng jiè dīng zhe de xuějiā de hóng guāngzhè zhǒng gǎn jué yuè lái yuè lìng rén tǎo yàn jīhū néng gǎn dào zài hēi 'àn zhī zhōngā 'ěr hàn cháng cháng de guǐ shēn zài tóu shàng yòu huí dào shì tiān huā bǎn shàng diào zhe zhǎn yòu zhào de dēngrán 'ér fáng jiān fēi cháng mènzuì hòu yòu chū tuō dào huā guǒ shù xià de lǎo fāngzuò zài jiù méi yòu rén néng cóng suǒ xīn de xiē chuāng kàn dào gǎn dào xīn shí xiēsuī rán wēi fēng chuī dào zhè jiǎo luòzhì zhòng de kōng zhān rǎn shàng liǎo bàng biān jǐng sàn chū de
  
  “ shuǐ dìng fēi cháng qiǎn,” méi cǔn dàozhè zhǒng wèisuī rán nóng lièquè lìng rén kuài niān liǎo de chún jiérán 'ér lùn zài gǎn dào 'ān quán xiēyīn wéi kàn jiàn de yǎn jīng yào yuǎn xiēzhè shuāng yǎn jīng chéng liǎo de yuān jiā duì tóuzhēn
  
  “ guǒ zhè tóu yòu rén tǒng zài shā shàng zhī dào shì fǒu shì 'àn 'ā 'ěr hàn de mìng lìng xíng shì de。” méi xiǎng hūn hūn shuì liǎo
  
   jué xǐng láiyuè liàng hóng de bèn zhòng lún pán tuī guò qiáng tóuyuàn de hēi 'àn jiǎn ruò liǎo diǎn zhǔn shì shuì liǎo duō xiǎo shí xīn xiāng rénhuò zhě jiù zhè fāng chú wàiméi gǎn dào jiù bìng biàn lín jǐng gào guò shuō yuàn gān jìng
  
  “ gài shì jǐng de yuán jǐng zuò tài jìn liǎo,” chén yín dào jué tóu téngxiǎng zhe tián chòu hōng hōng de wèi fùzhuó zài liǎn shàngjiù xiàng guò zǎo hòu de qíng kuàng yàng zhàn láizǒu dào jǐng biānkàn kàn jǐng hái shèng xià duō shǎo shuǐrán 'éryuè liàng shēng hái gòu gāoguāng xiàn zhào dào yàng shēn de fāng zhǐ wǎng xià miàn de piàn hēi zhōng zhāng wàng
  
   rán gǎn dào yòu rén cóng hòu miàn zhuā zhù liǎo de liǎng jiān bǎngbìng shǐ jìn wǎng qián yào shè cóng jǐng yán shàng tuī xià chà zhī jiānjīhū jiù zài xùn měng fǎn kàng de tóng shízhè tuī biàn chéng qiáng de hòu niǔ guò shēn láikàn dào de shì lín rén de shuāng shǒu cóng de jiān bǎng shàng fàng xià lái
  
  “ xiǎng nín bìng liǎoxiān shēng héng héng kàn jiàn nín tóu wǎng xià zāi。” rén jié jiēbā shuō
  
   méi qīng xǐng guò lái。“ dìng shì men liǎ bìng liǎoyīn wéi wéi zài wǎng xià zāi,” shuōfàng shēng xiào liǎo
  
  “ xiān shēng?” lín chuǎn shuō,“ shǐ jìn nín wǎng huí héng héng
  
  “ dāng rán zhī dào。”
  
  “ nín dào zài zhè gànshénmexiān shēng gěi nín shuō guò wǎn shàng zhè gān jìng。” lín chōng chōng shuō xià
  
   méi kào zhe jǐng péngdǎliang zhe lín。“ xiāng xìn zhè kuài fāng quán gān jìng。”
  
   lín zuò shēngzuì hòu wèn:“ nín shuì jué xiān shēng?”
  
  “ ,” méi shuō。“ nìngkěn dāi zài zhè 。”
  
   lín xíng liǎo。“ ǹg dǎo wàng nín yào zhè yàng。”
  
   méi yòu shēng xiào liǎo。“ wèishénmeyīn wéi zhè shì 'ā 'ěr hàn chū lái xīn xiān kōng de shí hòu?”
  
   zhè wèn de xiào guǒ chū rén liào lín wǎng hòu tuì liǎo liǎng měng shuāng shǒu dào zuǐ chún shànghǎo xiàng yào zhù shēng jiào
  
  “ zěn me huí shì?” méi wèn dào rén de guài xíng wéi shǐ xīn shén 'ān lái
  
  “ shì?” lín réng rán kāi zhàn zhe kāi rǎn rǎn shēng de yuè liàng de xié huī
  
  “ wèishuǎng shuǎng kuài kuài chéng rèn zài zhè jiù suàn liǎo!” méi zào hǎn dào
  
  “ zhè shuō dezhè shì shénme méi yòu kàn jiàn kàn jiàn guò ?” huà shàng wèi chū kǒu rén shuāng yángxiàng qián lièqie dǎo zài méi jiǎo xiàsuō chéng tuán
  
   méi réng rán kào zhe jǐng péngcháo shàng de zhè lián chóng lěng xiào zhekàn lái de tuī méi yòu cuò jìng méi yòu shàng lín de dāng
  
  “ láihuǒ bié zhuāng shǎ liǎo guǒ cāizháo 'ā 'ěr hàn xiān shēng zài zhè sàn bìng shì de guò cuò héng héng
  
  “ zài zhè sàn !” duì fāng 'āi zheréng rán suō chéng tuán
  
  “ duì tǎn bái liǎo huì shā de ?”
  
  “ shā shā zhēn wàng nín shā diào!” lín zhēngzhá zhe yào zhàn láitóu xiàng hòu yáng zhejīng kǒng wàn zhuàng。“ běn lái nín shā diào de fèi chuī huī zhī nín jué nín xiàng qián tuīshì dào zhè lái tàn qíng kuàng。” tòng shǐ gěng sài nán yán
  
   méi hái wèi nuó dòng de wèi zhìjiǎo xià zhè lián chóng de bēi dǎo shǐ gǎn dào wēi fēng lǐn lǐnrán 'ér lín zuì hòu de jiào shēng rán niǔ zhuǎn liǎo de fāng xiàngkàn láiā 'ěr hàn shì zài zhè liǎozhè diǎn shì kěn dìng de shì jiū jìng zài shì shénme yàng zhèn xīn de kǒng yán zhe méi de liáng cuàn xià lái
  
  “ me zhēn xiǎng tuī xià ?” shuō。“ wèishénmezhè shì gēn jiā zhù rén xiāng huì de zuì kuài de bàn ?”
  
   méi yòu liào dào zhè huà huì chǎn shēng xùn de xiào yìng
  
   lín zhàn liǎo láiwān zhe yāo zhàn zài qiǎn de yuè guāng xiàwèi suō zhe
  
  “ āshàng héng héng chàdiǎn 'ér jiāng nín tuī xià zhè nín zhī dàohòu lái héng héng zhèng shì nín shuō de guān wēn de shìsuǒ bāng bāng xiān shēng jué nín shuō huà suàn shù jiù yóu zhù liǎo shǒu。” rén yòu shì tiān lèi derán 'ér zhè huíméi jiàn de yǎn lèijiù gǎn kuài tuì suōfǎng zhè shì làxià jǐng de shī cóng xià miàn chòu shuǐ jiàn de shuǐ
  
   méi zhī dào lín dài méi yòu dài rán 'ér zài liǎozhǐ shì dèng kǒu dāihún shēn dǎzhàndàn shén zhì fēi cháng qīng chǔ
  
   lín nóng nóng shuō zhe huà
  
  “ yào shì léi kuàng quán shuǐ dào liǎo jiù hǎo liǎozhǐ yào nín jīng cháng yòu léi kuàng quán shuǐ xiāng xìn nín huì xiǎng zhè shì deshì shì nín shuō sàn héng héng zhī dào huì deshì dezhèng zài tiān nín rán lái liǎo zěn me bàn ?”
  
   méi réng rán dòng dòng
  
  “ jiù shì tiān zǎo shàng fēng liǎoxiān shēngwán quán fēng liǎonín xìn xìnzhèng shì nín yào lái de xīng yào huí yīng guó jiǎzhěng zhěng yuè de jiǎxiān shēng héng héng 'ér gāi xiǎng shòu bàn nián de jiàqī guǒ yòu tiān liáng xīn de huà héng héng zài shǐ de biǎo jiā dāi shàng zhěng zhěng yuèyòu huì hǎohǎo kàn kàn wēn hòu lái tīng shuō nín yào láixiān shēng zài zhè fán mènlěng qīngzhè nín míng bái héng héng fēi yòu xiē xīn de yào jiù líng líng de héng héng tīng shuō nín yào lái liǎoxīn xià liàng táng liǎogāo xīng kuài yào fēng liǎojiù shuōò yào liú dōng tiān guò wán héng héng liǎo de xiǎo huǒ lín héng héng zhèng shì zhè yàng de rén。’ gào ,‘ de jiàqī zěn me bàn ?’ shuāng wán shí shìde yǎn jīng dèng zhe shuō:‘ jiàqīhǎo shuōāimíng nián héng héng men kàn míng nián qíng kuàng zěn me yàng。’ míng niánxiān shēnghǎo xiàng gěi kāi 'ēn yàngjìn shí 'èr nián liǎo zhí jiù shì zhè yàng 。”
  
  “ shì zhè huíyào shì nín lái què shí xiāng xìn zǒu chéng liǎoyīn wéi màn màn guàn ràng lín péi liǎo de shēn cóng lái méi yòu zhè me hǎo guò héng héng zhí jié liǎo dāng gào rén jìng yòu de quán de qīng chūn jiù yào wán liǎo cìhou cìhou hǎo liǎohǎo xiàng tiáo shuān zài zhè de kānmén gǒuzǒng shì míng niánmíng nián de héng héng hēi zhǐ shì xiào cháo nòng rén de shén tàisuí hòu biàn diǎn yān lái,‘ ā línzhù zuǐ,’ shuō。”
  
  “ jiù zhàn zài nín xiàn zài zhàn de zhè fāngxiān shēng zhuǎn guò shēn lái wǎng zǒujiù zài zhè shí hòu zòu liǎo xià shì kuài tóu xià dǎo zài jǐng yán 'ér shàngzhèng zài pàn wàng nín lái de shí hòu héng héng 'ā de shàng !”
  
   méi tīng dào zuì hòu huà yóu wǎng huí tuì suō liǎo liǎng rén zhàn zài yuàn zhōng yāng xiāng duìyuè liàng gāo xuán zài zhì dié shàng zhī fēng de guāng máo tóu jìn jǐng zuì 'è de hēi 'àn zhōng
hēng · zhān

· huá dùn Edith Wharton
  
  
   mìng yùn qià qiǎo rén gēn péng yǒu men lián zài kāi liǎo péng yǒu de xìng me zhè rén hái yòu shénme xìng yán piē kāi shēng zhōng liǎng sān zuì wěi de yǒu de yǐng xiǎngjiù tán dào yīn miáo shù de chéngzhǎng guò chéng jiù miáo shù zhè xiē yǒu de xìng de yǐng xiǎngqīng shàonián shí dài zài zhì de zhǎn shàng wán quán shì jué héng héng chè jué dào chú liǎo gēn rén xiāng chù shí màn màn gǎn jué dào de chéng héng héng sān shí duō suì shí cóng zhè yàng zhǒng qīng shàonián shí dài jìn liǎo zhǒng zuì zhēn guìzuì fēng duō cǎi de xīn zhào shén jiāo de jìng jiè de xiē péng yǒu shì nán men zài de hángyè zhōng dōushì chū lèi cuì dedàn shì shè huì míng liúlìng xiē péng yǒu chū cìxiàng shí shí wén míng xiá 'ěrduì men jué hěn nán jìn xíng qiàrúqífèn de miáo shùhěn hàn quē shàn de néng dàn cóng màn cháng de nèi xīn zhōng jiě tuō chū lái de huì héng héng suī rán chéng yòu xiàn běn shàng shì shàn jiāo de”) héng héng què yòu zhǒng zhēn shǐ de wén zhāng mǎn piān shēng huī de diǎn liǎng sān wèi wěi de zhì zhě jié chéng liǎo zhī jiāorán 'ér shì wēi 'ěr①, ér qiě céng yòu guò de wēi 'ěrduì zhè liǎng zhǒng qíng kuàng wǒdōu bào hàn zhōng shēnyīn wéi zài zhǒng qíng kuàng xià xià zài zhòng duō shǐ rén xīn chí shén wǎng de shí 'ěr gōng tīng dào de jīng cǎi tán huàzài 'èr zhǒng qíng kuàng xià zhè zhǒng tán huà chuán gěi de shì shì cóngshì shí shàngměi dāng gāo péng mǎn zuò zhī yóu xiǎng jìn zhǒng xīn kuàng shén de jìng pái chú zuò zhī lèi de jīng shì gēn wěi rén men tán xīn shínìngkěn dāng míng táo zuì 'ā 'ěr bēi shān cǎo guī jǐng de huà jiā yuàn zuò biān liè cǎo zhí biāo běn de zhí xué jiā
  
  ① wēi 'ěr( JamesBoswell, 1740 héng 1795), lán zuò jiā yīng guó zuò jiā yuē hàn shēng guò wǎng shèn hòu lái chū bǎn liǎo xiáng shí zhù chēng desài miù 'ěr · yuē hàn shēng chuán》, yīn ,“ wēi 'ěr jīng chéng wéi zhōng shí de zhuànjì zuò jiā de dài míng
  
   yòu huí pèng qiǎo zuò zài bǎi sēnxiān shēng bàng biān chī fànbiàn xiàng liǎo duì zhōng guài de yīn chā yáng cuò suǒ gǎn dào de nǎo kùn huò wèn néng suǒ rèn shí de měi rén de zhǐ shí suì hòu tīng guò de měi de zuò zhě zhī lèi de máo suàn de shì fēn háo bùchà héng héng 'ér shè dào shī de shǒu yào zuì kuài shí de néng jīhū sàng shī zhǐ néng tīng jiàn nèi xīn de yīn diàoquè hěn nán tián shàng shìdàng de zhè shì zěn me huí shì
  
  ① bǎi sēn( 1859 héng 1941), guó wéi xīn zhù zhé xué jiāzuò pǐn yòushì lùn shí de zhí jiē cái liào》、《 zhì děng
  
   jiǎng wán huà qián jiù gǎn dào de wèn bìng wèi yǐn zhuó jué de lín zuò duō xīng ér de huí xiǎn rán lìng rén shī wàng。“ Matsc'estpredsementparsequevonseteseblouie”①, ruò shì huí zhetóng shí zhuǎn guò shēn zhù shì zhe gěi de cài yáobìng fèi xīn shēn tàn tǎo zhè wèn zhǐ shì dào liǎo hòu lái cái xiàn de què gāi tán dedōu pán tuō chū liǎoxīn zuì shén zhōng de jīng què běn lǐngzhè shì duì jué miào hǎo shī zhǎo dào de zuì hǎo dìng zài xīn shǎng zhě shēn shàng chuàng zào zhě shēn shàng jīhū tóng yàng hǎn jiànér duō nián de zhì shí jué jīng shǐ duì líng tīng jīng cǎi de tán huà de kuài mǐn gǎnyīn duì lái shuōjīng què zhè zhǒng tán huà shì néng derán 'ér jīng cǎi de tán huà yòng zhǒng jiàn jìn de liàng jìn de xīn tiányòu shí zhǐ néng zài hěn jiǔ hòu cái gǎn jué dào zuò wéi zhǒng liàng zhǒng yǐng xiǎngshèn tòu liǎo de zhōu shēn de zhòu fēng zài cǎi de yuán dǐng zhī zhōngdāng zhè yuán dǐng zài zhōu shù lái shí hěn nán chāi xià xiē suì piàn lái zhě yào zài zhè shuō yòng duō de piān zhǐ shuō míng de xìng huàirán 'érguāng zhè me shuō shuō jiě jué liǎo quán wèn yīn wéi tīng dào de huà bìng wèi bèi wàng quèér shì chǔ cáng zài mǒu zhǒng shēn chù réng rán dài zhe de běn hán cóng zhè zhǒng shēn chù fǎn huí lái guò hěn nán zhū wén xíng shì liǎo
  
  ① :“ zhèng shì yīn wéi nín shòu dào huò”。
  
   zàishān zhái guò liǎo nián shí guāngzài jiān 'ér hòu de nián yuè yòu xiē zuì qīn de péng yǒu rán jīng dào hēng · zhān fǎng wènshān zháide shìyīn de míng liè zài zhè péng yǒu míng dān zhī shǒu shì zuì qiàdàng guò de liǎo shí gēn hēng · zhān chū jiàn miàn shì duō nián qián de shì liǎo shì shí nián dài guò zhǐ shì zàishān zhái”, cái chū jìn liǎo xiǎn zhù wèi
  
   cháng lái zài 'ér lòumiàn de wàng yīn wéi men chū jiàn miàn shí zài wěi pǐn miàn qián dāi ruò duì hēng · zhān de wěi cóng wèi huái guòdàn zài duì rén shū liǎo jiě zhī qián chuài jiū jìng yòu duō me wěi shì zài 'ài huá · jiā gēn xiè hòu de shì wèi zhuó yuè de shuǐ cǎi huà huà jiāshā 'ěr jīnduì de cái huá tuī chóng bèi zhì dōushì shì dùn rényòu shì zhàng de lǎo péng yǒu duō nián lái zhí zhù zài zhèng shì zài yòu tiān men qǐng men gēn hēng · zhān chī fàn jiǎn zhí xiāng xìn zhǒng róng xìng jìng huì jiàng lín dào de tóu shàngwèile zhè róng xìng néng xiǎng dào de wéi bàn jiù shìchuān shàng zuì xīn de sài zhuāngyào bàn piào piào liàng liàng de hái guò 'èr shí suì jiù shì zài zhè zhǒng yuán xià shēngzhǎng lái deér qiě cóng lái méi yòu xiǎng dào chú liǎo de qīng chūn de piào liàng de shàng wàihái yòu shénme dōng néng jiàn gěi wèi lián jiě xié dài dōubù pèi de nán jiàn zhì jīn zài héng héng jiù shì piào liàngchá méi guī bān de fěn hóngxiù zhe cǎi hóng bān de zhū rán 'érāi méi yòu gěi shuō huà de yǒng méi yòu yǐn wèi wěi rén de zhù wǎn shàng shì chéng chuí tóu sàng huí liǎo jiā
  
  ① shā 'ěr jīn( JohnSingerSargent, 1856 héng 1925)。 měi guó xiào xiàng huà jiā
  
   liǎng nián hòuzài wēi zài 1889 nián huò 1890 nián), yòu dào tóng yàng de huì zhàng de lìng péng yǒu shì dùn de 'ěr · shèng yāo qǐng men jiàn hēng · zhān xiǎng shì zài luó gōng gēn zhù zài jiù shì gēn luó · lǎng níngde lǎo péng yǒu 'ā · lǎng sēn rén zhù zài xìng yùn zài shēn chū de shǒu héng héng de shǒu yòu cóng de shǒu zhōng huá luò zài chén zěn yàng cái néng bàn piào piào liàng liàngyíng de qīng lái ò héng héng zhè huí yòu dǐng xīn mào dǐng piào liàng de xīn mào jīhū gǎn kěn dìng zhè dǐng mào tǐng shì jué zhǐ yào duì shuō zhè yàng de huà jiù yǒng tán duìdài · wèi shì de huà xiàngde zàn shǎngrán 'ér méi zhù zhè dǐng mào wèi zhù dài mào de rén héng héng men de 'èr jiàn miàn tóng yàng wèi dào xiào guǒ nián hòu duì zhè liǎng huì jiàn shí chéng rèn shèn zhì zài 'ér jiàn guò zhì zuì hòu háo yóu yòu wèi jīng zhǔn bèi men lián jié dào de huì jiàn men shuídōu lái liǎo zhī dào zhè huì jiàn shì zài shénme shí hòushénme fāng jìn xíng de men zhǐ shì zhī dào rán zhī jiān men hǎo xiàng jiàn ér qiězhèng zài 1910 nián 2 yuè xiě gěi de xìn shàng suǒ shuō de yàng)“ yuè lái yuè nán shè nán fēn liǎo”。
  
  ① luó · lǎng níng( RobertBrowning, 1812 héng 1889), yīng guó shī rén
  
   yuán yīn dāng rán shìzài zhè duàn shí jiān yòu liǎo zhī zhī míngér qiě zài tóng hēng · zhān jiǎng men liǎ guān xīn de shìér zǒng shì rén wéi shàn de tài duì dài qīng nián zuò jiābìng qiě yòng de yǐn tán huà zhě jiāo chū xīn lái shì men gòng tóng de huī xié gǎn shǒu xiān chéng liǎo men de jiězhēn zhèng de shén jiāo duì liǎng rén shuō lái jiù shì yào yòu yīn diào wán quán xiāng tóng de yōu gǎn fǎn cháo gǎnzhè yàng men duì dài rèn wèn de gòng tóng yǎn guāng jiù xiàng xiāng lián chéng gǒng xíng de tàn zhào dēng guāng yàng xiāng jiāo yòu xiē hǎo péng yǒu men zhī jiān quē zhè zhǒng niǔ dàisuǒ tóng men shì zhēn zhèng de zhī jiāozài zhè zhǒng shàng shuōhēng · zhān shì jiāo wǎng zhōng zuì qīn de péng yǒusuī rán zài hěn duō fāng miàn men xiāng jìng tíng
  
   zuì chū jiàn dào de hēng · zhān shì shā 'ěr jīn yōu měi huì huà zhōng de péng luó suǒ wèi jiǎng jiū zhe fēng shì gōng rèn de shí nián dài bommedumoude① de pài tóurán 'érdào men shú de shí hòu jiēshí tǐng de shēn cái jīng biàn yòu diǎn yōng zhǒng liǎo zài zhuī qiú zhe de zhìér shì shǒu xiān jiǎng qiú shū shìliǎn guā jìng guāngzhè zài diāo xiàng bān de měi zhōng xiǎn shì chū gāo guì de luó shì miàn xíng yǐn rén zhù mùdì zuǐ láizhè zhǒng biàn huà xiàng zhēng zhe mǒu zhǒng shēn chén 'ér wài de dōng zài zhè duàn shí nèi shēng liǎo liǎng jiàn shìhēng · zhān jīng duì shàng liú shè huì zuò chū liǎo pàn duànzhè zhǒng shè huì yuē shù liǎo qīng nián shí dài de xiǎng xiàng jiù xiàng céng jīng yuē shù guò 'ěr zhā de xiǎng xiàng ér hòu yòu yuē shù guò de yàng kāi zhè shè huì zhù dào xiāng xiàdài zhe xiǎn zhōng huò de quán zhàn pǐnzài qún suǒ de xīn huán jìng zhōng zhōng zhù liǎo de tiān cái zǎo de xiǎo shuō jìn guǎn jīng miào héng héng dàn jiù wán měi 'ér yánméi yòu néng shàng wèi shì de huà xiànghéng héng rán 'ér 'àn jiāng dào de biāo zhǔn lái héng liàng de zǎo zuò pǐnjǐn jǐn lüè guò shēng huó de shù de biǎo miànshèn zhì zài wèi shì de huà xiàngzhōng xiě xià suō bèi 'ěr zài huǒ biān chén mìng yùn de rén yuǎn yuǎn shì xīn yùn niàng chéng shú liǎo piān gèng jié chū de jǐng miáo xiě de rénzài hòu miàn zhè huà miàn zài fàn yáng tái shàng guān chá zhe qiáo pái de rénbìng fàng liǎo de bào suànyīn wéiméi yòu shénme dōng zhī guǎng de dōng fāng shāng duì gèng jiē jìn jīng liǎozhè zhī shāng duì yǐn yǐn yuē yuē chū xiàn liǎozài tài yáng xià xiǎn shì chū guǎng de cǎi yuè de shēng xiǎng chè yún xiāocháng máo zhí cāng qióng…… rán 'érshāng duì kuài lái dào miàn qián shí què zhuǎn wān guǎi jìn liǎo lìng xiē xiá 。”
  
  ① shàng liú shè huì rén
  
  ② ( MarcelProust, 1871 héng 1922), guó zuò jiā
  
  ③ zhān hòu xiě de xiǎo shuōjīn wǎnzhōng de zhù rén gōng
  
   suī rán xiàn liǎo de tiān cáibǎi tuō liǎo cháng shè jiāo shì dàn zài xiǎo shì zhōngcóng méi yòu cóng xún guī dǎo de jìng zhōng jiě fàng chū láixiàn zài suī rán jiǎ zhuāng qiān jiù bèn zhuō de shēn yīn wéi shǒu xiān kǎo shēn de 'ān dàn rán shí jiǎng jiū zhe xiē suǒ suì de shè huì 。 1907 niányòu gēn men chē zài guó xíng rán jué dìng zài bié chùpiān piān zài 'āi①!) zài shí mǎi dǐng xīn mào xuǎn zhè yàng dǐng mào dài lái liǎo jiǎn zhí de kùn nánzhí dào xuān shǐ mào shāng míng bái suǒ yào de jiù shì bié réndōu dài de tōng mào ”, ér nài fán jiàn yào jiàn gài tóu de dōng pourl'hommemoyensensuel”② shícái xiāo liǎo de yóu shì zài zhèn xiào shēng zhōngmào mǎi xià liǎo
  
  ① guó chéng shì yòu luó
  
  ② wén:“ wéi zhè dān shēng de tōng rén”。
  
   duì xíng zhe gèng tiǎo yòu rén 'àn shì de tài gòu gāng jiànyòu diǎn yōng zhǒng jiù gǎn dào fèn mènyòu de péng yǒu · ài 'ěr · lǎng xiē gěi huà yōu měi de miàn zuò xiàngzhè shì wéi de zhēnde huà xiàng shì xià ràng xiàng lǎng xiē jiàn :“ yào héng héng huà chéng dān 'ěr · lán ①。”
  
  ① dān 'ěr · lán ( DanielLambert, 1770 héng 1809)、 yīng guó rényòu 'àn chá de zuì pàng de rén, 23 suì shí zhòng 448 bànglín shí qīng 733.5 bàng
  
   shǔ jiù shì de měi guózhè shì yǎn gài de shì shí shì cóng lái de héng héng shuō lái jīhū yòu diǎn xiāng máo dùn shuō wèile zhuī qiú měi guó zuì hòu de zōng fēi rén lái 'ōu zhōu yòu zhè yàng de xiànyīn wéi de guó yīng guó péng yǒu liǎotiān zhēn de shí dàihòu gào men méi yòu xiǎng dào shí nián dài de niǔ yuē shēng huójìng rán xiàng tóng shí yīng guó yòu jiào táng de chéng zhèn huò guó dewài shěng chéng shìde shēng huónián qīng dài de píng jiā cóng rèn shí zhān gèng liǎo jiě suǒ chéng cháng zhōng de shì jièquè wàng shuō shénme shēng huó zài 'ōu zhōu sǔn hài liǎo de tiān cáidāng míng bái de cuò shí wéi shí tài wǎn qīn yǎn jiàn guò 1904、 1905 1910 nián zài měi guó cháng dòu liúbìng qīn yǎn kàn dào zhè dòu liú suǒ shēng de fǎn yìngzài dāng shí xiě de suǒ yòu xìn jiàn zhōng biǎo xiàn chū lái), suǒ zhèng míng zài cóng lái méi yòu gǎn dào zhēn zhèng de kuài méi yòu gǎn dào zài dàoshān zháilái guò měi dāi de shí jiān dōuhěn cháng, 1904 héng 1905 nián huí měi guó jiāngēn men zài niǔ yuē dāi liǎo duàn shí jiānyóu shēng xìng mǐn gǎn duì xīn rénxīn shìxīn xiǎng gǎn xīng fēi cháng hàoqí róng jiē shòu duì zhè qiē de juàn liàn zhī qíng zài gěi 'ài méng · gāo jué shìde fēng xìnzàishān zháixiě de jiǎng shí fēn tòngqièzhè zhǒng qíng méi yòu zhōng zhǐ guòhēng · zhān shì fēng xiǎo shuō jiā de xìng qíng chǔjìng shǐ guān chá dào de fēng shì xíng jiāng xiāo miè de xiǎo cuō rén de fēng ér jiù shì zài zhè xiǎo cuō rén zhōng jiān zhǎngdà de), huò zhě shì de shè huì zhōng zhè xiē rén gèng jiā shēng dòng de yuán xíng rén de fēng lùn hǎo huài fēi zài néng gòu xiàn shí de fāng xún zhǎo shí yīn wéi shì de xiǎng xiàng néng gòu wán quán xiāo huà de wéi shí tòngqiè shí dào zhè zhǒng xiàn xìngbìng cháng cháng duì bēi tàn méi yòu yòng xiàn dài měi guó shēng huó zhōng jīn róng gōng fāng miàn de cáide néng huá 'ěr jiē shí jiè xiāng guān de qiēduì lái shuō rán shì cāi tòu de shí dào zhè diǎn gǎn dào zài xiǎo shuō zhōng yǒng yuǎn néng chōng fēn miáo huìměi guó fēng qíng”②, ér qiě zǒng shì tǎn bái chéng rèn zhè diǎn shì wéi wéi xiān shēng zào chéng tuì xiū de jīn róng jiāshì zhè rén huò shēng cháng deměi guó chéng shì rèn zhǒng de xiàn shí guà gōu láizhè zhǒng cháng shì zhèng míng zhān zài shè miáo huì xíng dòng zhōng de měi guó qián shāng shí de zhǒng zhǒng kùn nán
  
  ① ài méng · gāo jué shì( SirEdmundGosse, 1849 héng 1928), yīng guó zuò jiā
  
  ② zuò zhě jiè yòng zhān zhù zuò de shū míng
  
  ③《 jīn wǎnzhōng de rén qián miàn dào de de qīn
  
   huí měi guó shíshēn xiāng dāng jiàn kāngjīng shén jiā chūduì xiǎn de xīn gǎn dào huān xīn duì chéng gōng gǎi biàn chū de guàn guǎn jiàozhōng bǎi rén”, yīn wéi měi nián dōuyào héng yáng!) gǎn dào xīn huā fànggèng zhòng yào de shì bèi kāi chē de xīn jīng zhù liǎo men yòngā 'ěr léi · · miù sàichē qiáo zhìchē liàn shí zhèng zhí xià tiānjìn guǎn jīng cuò zhé jiā zuò zhehuá dùn jiā kuān chǎng fāng biàn de xīn chēchéng gōng jìn xíng liǎo xiē qiè de xíngzhè liàng chē shǐ shí dào wéi rén suǒ zuò de qiē rén cóng dào de qiē”; zhè zhǒng yùn dòng fāng shì zài kàn láijiù xiàng céng jīng duì lái shuō yàngshì shēng huó de zhǒng fàng
  
   èr
  
   shuō dào hēng · zhān lìng rén bié hàn de shìgēn bié qīn jìn de rén zhōng méi yòu yòu xìng de rénhuò zhě shuō yòu xìng de rén méi yòu yùn yòng xìng de tán huà xià láiyīn wéi cóng lái méi yòu jiàn guò zuò jiā de tán huà de zuò pǐn xiāng zhāngcái huá wǎng wǎng xiàng zhuāng shì liúrán 'ér zhè zhǒng bèi lǒngtǒng chēng zhī wéi tiān cái de pǐn zhì tōng cháng huì shǐ rén shēng huī。“ jiù shì jǐn jǐn jiǎn jiǎn zhǐ jiá,” zhè shì guān de tōng shuō ,“ rén men yǎn jiù kàn chū men rèn réndōu gāo míng。” zhè zhǒng zhào hēng · zhān de péng yǒu men de guāng huīquè zhào dào xiē zhǐ píng shēn shàng de diǎn duì lüè zhī 'èr de rén shēn shàng jiǎng huà màn tiáo deyòu shí hòu bèi rèn wéi zhuāng qiāng zuò shì héng héng huò zhě gèng jiā de shìbèi rèn wèishì zhǒng zhuō liè de yīng guó kuánghéng héng shí shì duì tóng nián shí dài bèi rèn wéi jiù yào de zhǒng kǒu chī bìng de wán quán jiáo zhèng duì dài fàn fàn zhī jiāo bīn bīn yòu jiǎng huà lái fán shì zhè xiē rén gǎn dào hěn nán gēn suí biàn jiāo tán zhǒng mào zhǒng gài shì tóng quē diǎn zào chéng de xiān huā guò duō de shí jiān zhēn zhuó rán hòu cái kāi kǒu jiǎng huàjiù zuì líng zuì mǐn gǎn de rén 'ér yánzhè yàng zuò zhǐ néng dǎo zhì miǎn tiǎn jiùzhè shì shí wǎng wǎng bèi kàn chéng jiáo róu zào zuò de yóu tài yòu zài niǔ yuē 'ān pái liǎo liǎo de xiān shēngde huì jiàn duì xiān shēng guān rén shēng shì xiāng de píng lùn shí fēn xīn shǎngfàn hòu zhù shì zhe men xiàn · dèng 'ēn zài zhān chā huà de wāng yáng hǎi jué wàng zhēngzhá zhexià men jiàn miàn shí shuō zhōng jiàn dào liǎo zhān shí fēn gāo xīngsuí hòu yòu rán shuō:“ hàn de shì shuō shénme shì yòng me duō shí jiān shuō de měi jiàn shìdōu jīng cǎi liǎo guò zhí xiǎng gào :‘ zhú tǒng dǎo dòu zhào zhí shuō 。’”
  
  ① xiān shēng( Mr.Dooley) shì zhī jiā xīn wén zuò jiā jiān 'ěr zhì de biān ji fēn · · dèng 'ēn( FinleyPeterDunne, 1867 héng 1936) de liè zuò pǐn zhōng de rén shì jiǔ lǎo bǎn yōu fēng de yán tán zhēn fàn shí zhè xiē zuò pǐn de míng wéi píng zhàn zhēng zhōng de xiān shēng》。 běn wén shuō de xiān shēng shí jiù shì · dèng 'ēn
  
   duì zhān de yǒu lái shuōzhè xiē xīn de yóu fēi dàn shì zhǒng zhàng 'àifǎn 'ér xiàng zuò zhū wǎng chéng de qiáo liángcóng de xīn zhí tōng dào bié rén xīn xiàng duàn kàn jiàn de tōng dàozài shàng miànrén men liǎo jiě dàoqiǎo miào de fǎn hán de xiào huàjǐn shèn de 'è shǐ rén yóu pěng xiàozài zhè xuán niàn cóng shēng de shí jiù yòu huì kàn jiàn 'è kuài liǎng zhǒng liàng zài duō biàn de miàn róng shàngzhè shì gēn hēng · zhān tán huà de jīng zhōng zuì hǎn jiàn de shí
  
   de xìnjìn guǎn lìng rén kuàizhǐ gěi liǎo tán huà zhōng de piàn yán zhǐ duì de yǒu lái shuōměi dāng de jiàn kāng huán jìng yòu shízhè zhǒng tán huà dài zhe liè shēng de xiàng biān de jiàn shǎng qīng chū láiquán nèi róng chōng mǎn liǎo fǎn huàtóng qíng miào zhū de wán xiào céng jīng duì shuō dào 'ěr ①:“ zài jiàn guò de suǒ yòu tán huà zhě zhōng jiān shì jiǎo jiǎo zhě。” fán shì tīng guò de jīng cǎi tán huà de rén zàn chéng zhè huà yòng dào shēn shàng de xìn zuì néng bǎo liú de diǎn zhī yīn wéi guǎn jiǎo zhù duō me xiáng jìn nán jiě shìjiù shì xuè héng héng wǎng wǎng shì chún chōu xiàng dewán xiàohéng héng zhè jiù shì de tán huà shǐ rén jīng jiāo de diǎn xiě gěi 'ěr · bèi guān huà zhuāng yòng pǐn dài de xìn jīhū shì bān zhě dōunéng jiě de zhè zhǒng qīnqiè wán xiào de wéi cóng gěi duō zuì qīn de péng yǒu xiě de xìn zhōngyòu yào shān duàn duàn de yán fǎn de chén jiù xiào huà de duī shān de wàng hēng · zhān xiào huà de néng shì jīng rén de dàn zhǎng zhù liǎo jīng cǎi de xiào huà jǐn qián chéng bǎo cún xià láishàng miàn hái yào jiā shàng zhǒng jié gòu de lèi de wàng péng yǒu men zēng tiān de zhuān yào qiǎo miào bìng dào zhè céng jiàn zhù zhōng guǒ zhě méi yòu shì xiān yán jiū měi tōng xìn zhě de rén shǐ bān jīng jiù hěn nán jìn de wàng shì jiè zhōng zhè shì jiè jiù xiàngjìng huò jìng》② zhǒng juésè shēng huó de zhǒng wéi jié gòu de shì jièxiǎo xiǎo de 'àn shì tōng cháng jiù kāi dòng huǒ chējiù xiàng xiě shì shí yǐn shè de xiǎo xiǎo jiè jiù huì fán yǎn chéng zhī fán mào de cái yàng zuì miào de wàng tóng yàng zài rén de suǒ shì zhōng kāi huā yàn
  
  ① 'ěr ( PaulBourget, 1852 héng 1935), guó shī rénpíng lùn jiā xiǎo shuō jiā
  
  ② zhè zhǐ de shì yīng guó zuò jiā liú · luò 'ěr deài màn yóu jìng jìng bèi hòu》。
  
   yòu men zài zhū sài qún shān zhōng kuài chē xíngzhè xíng zhōng zhēn shì wàng guò men jīng cháng zài 'ōu zhōu jià chē xíngsuǒ fēn xiào huà luó shì jiào táng yòu guān jiù yòng zhè zhǒng xiào huà shǎng wán suǒ wèi deqīng shòu kōng kuàng de měi guó měi jǐng”。 tiān zhù dào 'ěr fěi 'ěr lín fěi 'ěr zhī jiān de zhōng 'ào rán de zuò xiù fēngfēng diān yòu suǒxià bié shùmúyàng de péng gào zhè zuò shān jiàotānɡ fēng”, zuò jiàn zhù jiù shìyòu míng díkǎ 'ěr huì xiū dào yuàn”。“ duì liǎo shàng mendōu zài zhì zào ’,” huà fēng zhuǎnjiǎng dào zhǒng ruǎn yǐn liào nián xià tiānyòu chéng qiān shàng wàn de tún pǐn yǒng chū lái zāo fēng jǐng
  
   yòu shí hòu de bìng fēi méi yòu 'è lái fǎng shí zhàng shèn shuō lòu liǎo zuǐ shuō,“ de piān xīn xiǎo shuō héng héng zài shàng de zhì shàng jiàn dào liǎo ?” de xīn wǎng xià chén zhī dào yào zhān dāng zhe zuò zhě de miàn shuō chūxīn shǎngde huà lái huì shǐ fēi cháng wéi nán de zhōng qiǎo jié gòu wèn héng héng yuè lái yuè duǎn piān xiǎo shuō de xíng shì dàngchéng zhǒng shǒu duàn héng héng yīn chú liǎo de zuò pǐnhěn shǎo yòuxiǎo shuō”( suǒ shuō dehuì yǐn de xīng guò wēi 'ěr xiān shēng de xiǎo shuō chú wài céng jīng duì tǎn shuài shuō duì wēi 'ěr xiān shēng de xiǎo shuō huān liǎo,“ yīn wéi xiě de qiēdōu shēng”。 zǒng shì xiǎng fāng shè ràng jiàn dào de zuò pǐnhái céng jīng bèi de zuò pǐn sōu xún chū lái zhǐ wéi shēng héng héng duì zhè zhǒng zhǐ wéi de fǎn yìng shì mǐn zhe zuǐ nèi jiù xiào xiàoyǎn xià xiàng wǎng cháng yàng huí dào:“ ā liǎoqīn 'ài de 'ài huá jīng guò zhè piān xiǎo xiǎo de zuò pǐn héng héng dāng rán guò liǎo。” rán hòu shì qīng qīng de dùn zhī dào zhè shì xiáng zhī zhàorán hòu shēng jiē zhe shuō:“ pèi pèi piān xiǎo xiǎo de jié zuò。” zhuǎn shēn miàn duì zhe shàn jiào rén hài 。“ dāng rán zhè me wèi xián shú de shù shī shēn shú shì huì yòng miào de chuán tǒng shǒu xiě zhè piān shì de guòshuō shí zài dezài zhè dìng qíng kuàng xiàchú liǎo chuán tǒng shǒu bié dedōu shì néng deqīn 'ài de rénjīng guò zài sān kǎo jué zhè zhǒng shǒu huì shǐ fàng xiě de cáiyīn wéi…… ǒu…… yīn wéi cái běn shēn shì de。”
  
  ① wēi 'ěr ( H G. Wells, 1866 héng 1946), yīng guó zuò jiā
  
   zàishān zháikuān chǎng 'ài de yáng tái shàng rén men hōng táng xiàowéiguā de jiào hǎo yuàn fǒu rèn miàn duì zhè zhǒng xuān shēng zhǐ shì chén zhǎ zhǎ yǎn jīngrán 'érrèn wéi cún xīn zāo lián de shì jiù cuò liǎo xiāng xìn chū shì yào chéng xīn chéng zàn yáng fān dedàn kāi kǒu jiù rěn zhù yào shuō shí huàfán shì rèn wéi de shén shèng shù yòu guān de shì róng bàn diǎn jiǎzài shēn shàngxīn de dān chún · xiān shēng zhèng què chēng zhī wéi tóu nǎo de jiàn quán jié lái liǎozhǐ shì duì péng yǒu gǎn qíng shàng de wēi zhì de guān huái bèi zài wén xué wèn shàng de zhōng chéng xiāo liǎopéng yǒu men qǐng jiào shíyòu shí wèi jiā qǐng jiào jiù zhè zhǒng zhōng chéng chū liǎo de kàn zài chú liǎo shū xìn fāng miàn de qiē wèn shàng de zhōng chéng bèi zhǒng jīhū shì guòfèn de róu qíng ruǎn huà liǎodàn zài tǎo lùn lemetier② shíjiù méi yòu wēn qíng liú liǎo
  
  ① · ( PercyLubbock, 1879 héng 1965), yīng guó shǐ xué jiāzuò pǐn yòu · huá dùn huà xiàngděng
  
  ② wénshǒu zhí
  
   hái yòu tiān héng héng dào men yǒu de hòu liǎoyīn wéi zhè jiě pōu dāo xià de zuò pǐn shìxiāng héng héng duì de zuò pǐn tán liǎo duī měi zhī hòu rán rěn zhù shuō dào:“ guò dāng rán zhī dào héng héng de gǎn jué mǐn ruì hěn zěn me huì zhī dàohéng héng zài xiě shì de shí hòu xià yòu hǎo de cáizhè yīngdāng shì de zhù ér zhǐ dāng zuò xiǎo xiǎo chāqǔfàng guò liǎo?”
  
   zhè huà de shìzài kàn láizhè běn shū de zhù yào xīng zuì dào de zhù zài 'ān yīn · zhè yàng de qīng nián wán quán zhǔn bèi shí chuǎng jìn liǎo lǎo de guó guì de jiā tíng shēng huó de gōng míng bái de ér qiě rèn shí dào 'ān shǒu · men men suǒ jià gěi de guó jiā tíng zhī jiān de lián zhèng guó rén suǒ shuō deshì zhǒng fēng xiǎo shuō jiā shí fēn gǎn xīng dexiàn shí”, ér qiě shì jīn rén men hěn shǎo chù de zhǒng xiàn shírán 'ér zhēng biàn shuōzàixiāng zhǐ shì zài gěi mǒu qīng nián de jīng biān xiě nián shǐ guǎn de mìng yùn dài xiàng bàn qiú de rèn shì de chuāngshāngjiē zhe xiě de xià jiē duànrán 'érzhè duì zhān lái shuōbìng chéng wéi yóu duì biān nián xiǎo shuō de xīng zǎo jiù sàng shī dài jìnguān xīn de zhǐ shì xīn miáo huì zhōng xīn qíng jǐng de fāng miànyīn guǒ hǎo míng jiǎng zhǐ hǎo hán huí :“ de bǎo bèi jiù xuǎn cuò cái liǎo。”
  
   yòu gēn men dāi zài shí duì zhè zhǒng rěn zhù yào shuō shí huà de chōng dòng yòu guò gèng yòu de huì 'ǒu rán tàn tīng dào liǎo zhè yàng jiàn shì:《 liǎng shì jiè píng lùnyuán zhǔn bèi kān dēng de piān xiǎo shuō de wényóu wén wèi zhǔn bèi jiù gāi kān lín shí qiú yuán dāyìng lìng xiě duǎn piān lái dài zhè piān wén héng héng yòng de shì wén zhī dào zhān duì zhè zhǒng shí yàn huì zuò gǎn xiǎng qiān fāng bǎi xiǎng duì yǐn mán zhè tǎo yàn de dàn rén wèi dào què zǎo tàn tīng dào liǎo zhè mǒu bái chī jìng rán dāng zhe de miàn xiàng tiǎo dòu:“ ezhān xiān shēnghuá dùn rén jìng rán yòng wén gěipíng lùnxiě liǎo piān xiǎo shuōnán dào rèn wéi zhè jiàn shì bàn piào liàng?” yǎn jiǎo shàng xiàn de shén cǎi màn màn xià dào chōu chù de zuǐ chún shàngzhè shuō míng huí jīng zhǔn bèi hǎo liǎo。“ piào liàng héng héng zài piào liàng guò liǎojīng rén de gōng 。” měng niǔ guò shēn láimàn tiáo duì shuōé zhù qīn 'ài dezài jiē tóu liào liǎo 'èr shí nián wén xué shàng de chén làn diàogěi nǎo 'ér jiǎn lái liǎoér qiě chéng gōng sài jìn liǎo duǎn duǎn de piān zhēn yòu liǎng xià hòu lái gēn de péng yǒu tán dào zhè piān xiǎo shuō shízài zhè de píng shànggèng jiā yán gèng jiā shàn jiā shàng zhè me :“ shēng zhōng lìng rén qīn pèi de chāqǔ guò qiān wàn bié zài gān zhè zhǒng shì liǎo。”
  
   zhī dào huān men wén xué de guǎng fēng zhèng yīn wéi jiù gèng jiā fàng jìn xíng gōng yào shì shàng bàng rénsuī rán jìn liàng liú qíngdàn zhēn shí xiǎng hái shì xiǎn 'ér jiàn deqīn shēn jīng shǐ men huì dàozài méi yòu guān xīn huò qíng jiǎ tán lùn rén de gèng wéi nán de shì liǎozuò jiā jiǎ suǒduì huì huà tāo tāo jué jiǎng tōng gōng wéi huàhuà jiā duì shū zhè me zuòdàn shì yào rén duì shí jiàn de shù huǎng zhēn shì kān yánzhān duì wén xué gǒu de liáng xīnduì wén xué de 'ài chóng jìngjìn guǎn shǐ liú qíngquè jué néng shǐ xíng piàn
  
   xiǎngzhèng shì zhān shǒu xiān shǐ míng bái tiān cái shì zhǒng fēn de yuán dàn yòu shì zhǒng fēn pèi jūn de yuán yīn rén de xìng fēn chéng tiān cái fēi tiān cái de tōng xíng zuò zài jià rén de xìng fāng miàn tuǒdàng yòu dài gěi cóng wén xué píng lùn zhōng tiǎo xuǎn chū lái de :“ mǒu xiān shēng jīhū yòu tiān cái”。 zhān zǒng zhōng sōu miào kàn dào zhè shuō zhēn shì chū wàng wài shì kěnqiè yào qiú měi rén shuō míng xiàjīhū yòu tiān cáidíquè qiē chéng zhè jiàn shì zài hòu de yuè gěi liǎo zhī suǒ shìshì yīn wéi hěn shǎo yòu rén zhī dào zhān shēn shàng de zhè zhǒng yǒng yuǎn mào pào de xuè zhī quánzhè shì de yǒu men gǎn dào xīn wèi de
  
   dāng tán huà shè dào piān yōu měi de sǎnwén huò shǒu jīng cǎi de shī shí men huān cóng shū jià shàng xià shū láiqǐng men zhōng de mǒu rén shēng lǎng zhè qún rén zhōngyòu xiē rén lǎng shí fēn chū cháng lái duì men de tiān gǎn dào shí fēn gāo xīng shì cóng lái méi tīng guò zhān shēng lǎng héng héng cóng zhī dào huān zhè me zuò héng héng zhí dào tiān yòu rén dào 'ài · lǎng de shī shuō cóng lái méi yòu guò》。 shì cóng shǒu jiē guò běn shī yǎn jīng chōng mǎn liǎo lèi shuǐmǒu zhǒng miǎo yuǎn de gǎn qíng jiā shēn liǎo fēng wǎn zhuǎn de shēng yīn
  
  ① ài · lǎng ( EmilyBronte, 1818 héng 1848), yīng guó xiǎo shuō jiā shì jié chū de shī rén
  
   kāi shǐ lǎng
  
   lěng bīng bīng tǎng zài xià
  
   hòu hòu de xuě duī zài shàng miàn
  
   lěng bīng bīng tǎng zài liáng de fén
  
   yuǎn yuǎn kāi liǎo rén jiān
  
   duàn jué qiē de shí jiān zhī zhōng fēn
  
   wéi de 'ài rén 'ā
  
   néng wàng liǎo 'ài
  
   qián cóng lái méi yòu tīng guò yòu shuí xiàng zhè yàng lǎng shī hòu méi yòu zài yín chàngér qiě yín chàngdàn duō shàn lǎng sòng shī de rén shì yín chàng dezhè xiē rén suī rán běn néng shàng gǎn dào yīng shī yán de tiān yào qiú shī dāng shī lái jiǎngrán 'ér men yòu cóng běn néngyīn wéi qián de shí shàng jiù shì gāo chāo de shī niàn chéng shùn kǒu liùhǎo xiàng shī jiù shì kǒu de sǎnwén shìdexiāng fǎnzhān fēi dàn huí duì jié zòu de qiáng diàofǎn 'ér gěi chōng fēn de biǎo xiàn kāi shǐ lǎng kǒu chī xiàn xiàng jiù fǎng bèi hǎo liǎo de 'ěr duǒyóu duì fán de sǎnwén de yíng huí duān mǐn gǎnyīn cóng lái yǔn zài zuì de yùn xué shàng zhī ér shì juàn zài yīn xiǎng de làng shàng gǔn gǔn xiàng qiánzhí dào shēng yīn de quán zhòng liàng luò dào zuì hòu jié zòu shàng
  
   zhān de lǎng sòng shì jiàn jiǒng rán tóng de shìshì nèi xīn shì jiè de zhǒng fàng shè shòu shí shàng huò jiáo róu zào zuò de biàn lùn shù de yǐng xiǎng cóng líng hún shēn chù lái lǎng méi yòu tīng guò sòng shī de rén shuí zhī dào líng hún de múyàngyòu tiānyòu rén tán huì màn gāo xīng xiànzhān yòu tóng gǎn rèn wéi shì zuì wěi de měi guó shī rén。《 cǎo dào liǎo shǒu tiān wǎn shàng men xīn zuì shén zuò zheér cóng de cháng yáng dàozuì jìn dīng xiāng zài qián yuàn kāi fàng de shí hòu”( dāng měi 'ér 'ān rén xīn de wángshí de shēng yīn xiàng fēng qín de róu bǎn chōng mǎn liǎo jìng de fáng jiān), rán 'ér yòu rèn píng bèi yǐn dàocóng yǒng jiǔ yáo dàng zhe de yáo lán de shén yīnyuè shàng zhe zhehuò zhě níng shuō shì yòng zhǒng zhì zhù de táo zuì xīn qíng qīng qīng chàng zhezhí dào duì shén de zhòng dǎo xiàng jiāo xiǎng 》① kāi tóu jié qiāo mén shēng yàng míng xiǎng
  
  ① bèi duō fēn de míng
  
   chāo guò dìng shuǐ píng hòufēn zuì de zhì zhě jiù xiàng shén zhǐ yàng mǒu zhǒng fāng shì bìng jiān tóng xíngzhān duì huì màn de jìng yǎngduì zhǒng de gǎn rǎn de huí yìng jiù shì duì zhè zhǒng fāng shì de xīn de zhèng míngzài lǎng sòngcǎo de tiān men shù jiā zhēn bāntán liǎo hǎo jiǔ hǎo jiǔ wǎng wǎng rán yōu cóng gāo fēng diē luò dào shēn dào liǎo zuì hòu shuāng shǒu yángxiàng wǎng yàng jié jiēbā yǎn jīng xiàn chū shén cǎirǎng dào:“ ā cuò wěi de tiān cáiháo wèn shì wěi de tiān cáizhǐ shì rén men duì guò duō de tōng xiǎo wài yóu gǎn dào hàn。”①
  
  ① huá dùn rén zhè duàn guān zhān duì huì màn de tài de shù yǐn píng jiā de xīng yīn wéi zhān zǎo nián( 1865) céng xiě guò piān míng wéihuá 'ěr · huì màn xiān shēngde píng lùnduì huì màn yòu wēi hái bié dào huì màn yòng yīng wén Pavement( rén xíng dào), ér yòng wén trottolr; yòng yīng wén Americans( měi guó rén), ér yòng bān wén Americanos; yòng yīng wén Comrade( tóng zhì), ér yòng camerado děng děng
  
   sān
  
   xiāng xìn zhān huān zàishān zhái guò de xiē jiù xiàng huān měi guó fēng qíng yòu guān de rèn shì yàngzhèng jiù shì lái de shù duōměi dāi de shí jiān yòu cháng shì yòu gēn men xiāng chù shí zhèng hǎo pèng shàng chí jiǔ de làngzhè làng zhēn shì tóng xún chángzàishān zháitōng cháng shì liáng fēng de wǎn xiàng bái tiān yàng mèn nán dāng jiù yīn duì zhān chōng mǎn liǎo tóng qíng jué tòng nán 'áoxiàng duō tiān cái rén yàng shàn chǔlǐ cháng suǒ shì shǐ huàn rén jué dìng chuān shénme mǎi huǒ chē piào huò cóng fāng dào lìng fāng děng děngxiě biàn xiǎo pǐn de zuò zhě zài zhù míng dejiǎ héng héng liè xiǎo pǐn zhōng guǒ xiě piānjiǎ hēng · zhān xiě liǎo xiào①”, xiě de zhēn shí xìng yào zhān néng zhī dào de duō duōxiǎng dào zhè cháng cháng rěn jùn jìn
  
  ①《 xiào tiě zhǐ nán》, zuì chū 1839 nián yóu qiáo zhì · xiào( 1801 héng 1853) tiě shí biǎode xíng shì chū bǎn, 1841 nián zhǎn chéng xiào měi yuè tiě zhǐ nán zhí chū bǎn dào 1961 gāo xīng liǎo
  
   duì huán jìng zhè yàng nán shì yìngzài pèng shàng làng jiù shí fēn bēi liǎo de shēn jīng xiāng dāng pàng liǎo hái zài kuò zhǎn yíng jiē zhè làngér de xiǎng xiàng fǎng biàn chéng liǎo shēn de fēnzhè yàng fāng liú chū xiē sàng huólìng fāng liú chū xiē shuǐ lái lǎo shì duì de jiàn kāng zhuì zhuì 'ān shàng yán de tiān jiù gèng jiā dān xīn liǎo de dān yōu zēng qiáng liǎo de tòng shì de jǐng kuàng jiù xiǎn shí fēn liándiàn fēng shànbīng zhèn yǐn liàolěng shuǐ dōubù néng gěi shénme kuān wèihòu lái men zhōng xiàn wéi de líng dān miào fāng jiù shì tíng chē xíngxìng hǎo shí hòu men yòu liǎo liàng huì páo de chē shì men měi tiān duàn páoguāng cǎi duó mùdì fēng jǐng dòng dòng tǎng zài guǒ guǒ de guāng xià men yòu chē 'ér guò men zài yùn dòng shí biàn xīng zhì shén cǎi yòu huí dào zuǐ chún shàngyǎn jīng shàng men cóng tíng chēchú fēi zài gāo gāo de shān shàng yào cháhuò zài cūn biān de yào bēilěng yǐnhéng héng yòu jiào men zhōng de rén gěi diǎn xiàng 'ā nài kuàng quán shuǐ yàng hài de dōng ”, dāng zhè huà bèi jiě shì chéngjié suānhéng héng zhǒng dāng shí zuì gāo de yǐn liào shí
  
   yòu tiān xià men zài shù yìn xià de kuài cháng mǎn qīng tái de gāo shàng zhā yíng chá píng cháng shū chàng xiē shì yòu rén chōu chū běn wén xuǎn lái qǐng men dāng zhōng de rén lǎng shǐ wén míngdeshí jiān de shèng 》, zhī dào zhān hěn huān zhè shǒu shīrán 'ér liǎo liǎng jié zhī hòu kàn dào zhǒng shén cǎi xiāo shī liǎo zhǐ duān tòng de shǒu liǎo lái kǎo dào zhèng cháng de tiān zhuàng kuàng men nián qīng de péng yǒu zuì hǎo néng xuǎn shǒu cháng shì zhōng de shī lái héng héng zhè yàng jiā máng zuàn jìn chēyòu kāi shǐ tíng zhuī xún liáng liǎo
  
  ① shǐ wén míng( AlgernonCharlesSwinburne, 1837 héng 1909), yīng guó shī rén
  
   zhān yuē bàn yuè hòu yào chéng dào yīng guó de tòng shǐ yōu xīn chōng chōngsuǒ zhè yuǎn zhēng hòu de 'èr tiān jué guǒ zhí yào zǒujiù háo bàn wǎn liú zài měi guó liǎo shì qǐng zhèng zhù zài men jiā de wèi péng yǒu xiàng zhān jiàn yóu lái diàn huà dìng gòu liǎng tiān hòu háng de sōu shì dùn lún chuán de chuán piào de shǐ jié wán chéng liǎo shǐ mìnggǎn huí lái huì bào shuōzhǐ shì 'àn shì xià zhè yàng de jìhuàjiù jīng shǐ zhān láng bèi tòu dǐng liǎotōng zhī liǎng tiān zhī nèi gǎi biàn háng héng héng liǎng tiān zhī nèi,“ shān zháidào shì dùnzuò huǒ chē yào xiǎo shíhéng héng zěn me néng qīng shuài chū bùqiè shí de jiàn chén zhòng de xíng hái zài xīn hǎn shí 'ěr wēi lián jiā zhè gāi zěn me bàn hái yòu yào de qián tiān cái sòng dào diàn yòu gāi zěn me bàn diàn shàn niē zài shǒu duī gān liǎo de jié fàng zài zhǒu biān quán suō zài tòng kān jìn 'ér shī wàng niàn dāo zhe:“ tiān 'āduō hài de rén héng héng duō hài de rén 'ā shénme shìdōu néng hěn xīn gān chū lái de lián jiào cuì fáng héng yáng zài suǒ ……” zào chéng de shēn shuāi jié mǎng de jiàn pāo jìn de shēn yuān láisuàn liǎo shénme huā liǎo xiǎo shí cái shǐ píng jìng xià láibìng qiě shuō liǎo guǒ nìngkěn dāi zài zhè shòu shǔ de 'áo jiānnéng liú zàishān zhái men jiù tài gāo xīng liǎo
  
   guǒ yào jiě shì de shū tài qīng chǔ de huò zhě yào shuō míng zhù méi yòu dào chōng fēn huī de qíng jǐng huì chǎn shēng lèi shìde láng bèi miànzhè shì hòu lái chī liǎo tóu hòu cái zhī dào de); dàn gèng jiā bēi cǎn de shì ràng zhī dào de zuò pǐn zāo dào nòng hòu chǎn shēng de xiào guǒ zǒng wéi shuí de zuò pǐn bèi nòngjiù zhèng míng shuí de shēng gāoyòu gēn men dāi zài niǔ yuē xīng chōng chōng dài gěi piān píng lùn de xiǎo shuō de yòu de wén zhāngshìxiǎng xiàng de de zuò zhě lán · 'ěr xiě dezhè de jiēguǒ shì zāinàn xìng de yǒng yuǎn wàng liǎo zhǒng tòng shèn zhì zhè zhǒng qíng hái yǐn cáng zài zhǒng bèi mào fàn de zūn yán de shén hòu miànzài zhǒng chǎng yǒng yuǎn mào pào de huī xié gǎn wán quán dǐng yòng guǒ yòu rén yòng zhǒng fēi cháng hán de píng fāng shì wèn xiǎo shuō zhōng de mǒu fāngjiēguǒ shì zhè shì hòu lái cái xiàn de)。 xiǎng shì zài yīng guó héng héng hái yòu bāng qīn de péng yǒu dāi zài huò huá · jiā héng héng tiān zhēn shū zhōng de duàn huà zhǐ gěi kànyīn wéi zhī zài sānréng jiě shū cóng shǒu zhōng jiē guò zhè duàn huà liǎo biànrán hòu shū hái gěi bèn zhuō xiǎng shuō xiào huàrán 'ér kàn dào héng héng men jiādōu kàn dào héng héng biàn zhè zhǒng qīng wēi 'ér shí fēn de píng jīng shāng hài liǎo mǐn ruì yòu xiē bìng tài de gǎn qíng
  
  ① lán · 'ěr ( FrankMooreColby。 1865 héng 1925), měi guó shǐ jīng xué jiào shòu xiě guò duō jīng cǎi de lùn wén
  
  ② huò huá · ( HowardSturgis, 1855 héng 1920), měi guó rénshēng lún dūn shì měi guó zhū sài de háo bàn shēng zhù zài guó wàigēn zhān huá dùn rénsāng děng wén xué míng liú guò wǎng shèn bìng zhù yòu xiǎo shuō shù zhǒng yīng guó wéi bèi jǐng
  
   hái yòu héng héng 'ér qiě hái shì de héng héng wéi lèi de cuò gǎn dào nèi jiù duì zhān yòu guān qiǎo de lùn shí yàn rán hěn gǎn xīng guò guò rèn wéixiàn zài réng rán rèn wéi yòu zhuī qiú qiǎo 'ér shēng tiān rán de qīng xiàngér tiān rán cái shì xiǎo shuō de shēng mìngzài jìn de xiǎo shuō zhōng qiē cóng xiān shè hǎo de jié gòuér yán de shàng de jié gòuzài kàn lái shì xiǎo shuō zhōng zuì yào de dōng zhī yīn suī rán duì zhì dìng de mǒu xiē yuán tuī chóng bèi zhì zài shì zhǎn kāi shízǒng ràng shì tōng guò zuì néng kàn dào shì biān yuán de xīn yǎn lái guān chá zhè tiáo yuán héng héng rán 'éryào shēng huó zhōng zhèng cháng xiāng gān de huó dòng cóng zhè yuán biàn duì zhè zhǒng yuán lái jiǎngdài jià wèi miǎn tài gāo liǎoyùn yòng de lùn de jiēguǒ shǐ gǎn dào wǎng zuì jìn de xiǎo shuōjìn guǎn yòu shēn suì de dào měidàn zài kàn láiquè yuè lái yuè quē jìngyuè lái yuè quē men jiā lài shēng huóyùn dòng de xìng denóng hòu de rén jiān 。《 jīn wǎnzhōng de rén zài yīn shè xiàn guǎn ràng men jiǎn yàn de tái qīng xiàng lán yuànde tái yàng shí hòu dòng zuò guān de zhuō dōubù néng shàng táiduì tái lái shuōzhè shì hǎo guī dàn duì xiǎo shuō què yǐn yào de gān miàn)。 duì zhè diǎn gěng gěng huáiyòu tiān wèn :“ zàijīn wǎn zhù yào rén xuán zài kōng shì zěn yàng xiǎng de men zài fáng fàn jiè bèi de qíng kuàng xiàguò de shì zhǒng shénme yàng de shēng huó wèishénme men suǒ yòu de rén de máo biān diào ér zhè zhèng shì men shēng zhōng tuō zài shēn hòu de dōng 。”
  
   jīng wàng zhe shàng xiàn zhè zhǒng jīng shì tòng desuǒ zhēn hòu huǐ gāi shuō zhè yàng de huà běn lái wéi de shì yòu 'ér wéi deshēn shú chū lái deyīn chéng xīn xiǎng tīng jiǎng jiǎng yóurán 'ér chén yín bàn shǎng hòuyòng zhǒng fán luàn de shēng diào huí dào:“ qīn 'ài dehéng héng zhī dào zhè me zuò liǎo!” xiàn de wèn fēi dàn méi yòu yǐn yīcháng yǐn rén shèng de wén xué tǎo lùnfǎn 'ér shòu jīng de zhù yǐn xiàng wán quán méi yòu shí dào de shū fāng miàn liǎo
  
   duì rèn píng huò píng lùn shí fēn mǐn gǎnzhè róng háo guān zhè shì wěi shù jiā duì cái néng de shēn shí suǒ zào chéng dezhè zhǒng jué hán yòu tòng hán yòu shēng duì quē zhòng chéng rèn suǒ biǎo xiàn de shī wàng néng kěn dìng zhān 'àn 'àn mèng xiǎng zhe yào zài zhǒng de wén xué shēng míng zhōng tiān de shí hòu dāng míngchàng xiāo shū zuò zhě”, dàn guǎn zěn me yàng kěn dìng zhōng shēng gǎn dào tòng héng héng suí zhe shí jiān de tuī yuè lái yuè tòng héng héng yīn wéi zuì huān zǎo zuò pǐn de zhě duì quē chéng rèn jiě wèishénmedài · wèi shì de huà xiàngsuǒ de chéng gōng zài chéng shú xiě de zuì wěi de xiǎo shuō fǎn 'ér dào zhǒng tiān cháng jiǔ de shī gǎn shǐ duì diǎn diǎn píng de 'àn shì wéi mǐn gǎn duì wán quán jiěwán quán tóng qíng hòu lái zài qiǎo wén shàng jìn xíng de shí yàn de rén chū de píng shì
  
  
  
  “ shān zháide xiē màn cháng de yán yán xià guǒ guǒ qiū guānglín zhōng de màn chē shàng shān xià dōu fēngyuè yáng tái shàng de jiǎng huàshū fáng huǒ bàng de sòng zài zhuàn xiě wén shíyòu dài zhe yòu rén de guāng huī fǎn huí liǎo dào lái de hái yòu men wèi jìng 'ài de rén 'ěr · bèi bèi · luò hái yòu sān wèi qīn 'ài de yīng guó péng yǒu · luó · nuò dùn yuē hàn · xiū · shǐ
  
   hái yòu xiē rén yǒu hǎo 'ér yòu tǎo rén huān men lái liǎo yòu liǎorán 'ér zhè wèi zhān cóng kāi shǐ jiù xíng chéng liǎo suǒ wèi de xīn tuán de xīn guǒ shì yóu lái fǎng pín fán jiù shì yóu cān jiā huó dòng de mǒu zhǒng shén diǎnzài zhè tuán zhì tóng de chéng yuán jiàn miàn jiù xīn xīn xiāng yìnyīn men gòng tóng shǐ yòng de diǎn xiào huà zhí zēngduì tóng běn shūtóng huàshēng huó zhōng rèn xìng de shì jiànhuò zhě duì shū xìn de xīn de xīng de tāo huì zài men xīn hǎi tóng shí yǒng
  
   xiǎng wàn shī shuōzhān cóng wèi xiàng zàishān zháide xiǎo tuán me kuài guòhuò zhě shuō méi yòu xiàng zhè tuán de mǒu xiē chéng yuán ruò gān nián hòu zài wēn suō hàokè de huò huá · jiā zhōng jiǔ bié chóngféng shí me kuài guò men yòu me duō gòng tóng de huà me duō shèngshǔ de diǎn guāng zhè zhǒng qíng kuàng jiù shǐ zhān zài zhè zhǒng chǎng tán huà lái bié de fāng gèng jiā hǎi kuò tiān kōng yóuxùn de xiǎng jiāo liú huó yuè liǎo zài chén mèn liáo de huì zhōng zuì róng tuí táng de tóu nǎo
  
   zài mǒu fāng miànzhān zài suǒ rèn shí de xiē jiàn tán jiā zhōng yòu qún zhī shìyīn wéi jìn guǎn miào lián zhūquè cóng lái méi yòu lǒng duàn tán huà de qīng xiàng shízhǐ yòu zài rén tāo tāo jué jiǎng huà shífāng xiǎn chū de běn yóu mǒu xià tiān de wǎn men zàishān zháide yáng tái shàng zuò dào hěn wǎn hěn wǎntòu guò hēi chén chén de shù kàn jiàn shuǐ huī méng méng de shǎn guāng men zhōng jiān rén rán duì shuōzhè shì duì 'ǒu 'ěr dào 'ào 'ěr qīn de fǎn yìng):“ xiàn zài gěi men jiǎng jiǎng 'āi méi jiā héng héng men de shì quán jiǎng gěi men tīng 。”
  
   men zhī dàoāi méi tǎn 'ěr liǎng jiā gòu chéng liǎo páng cuò zōng de qīn zhōng de zhù yào chéng fèn héng héng suǒ wèi deāi méi xìnghéng héng hǎo zhèn gōng zhàn zài hēi 'àn zhōng chén rán hòu nán nán :“ āqīn 'ài deāi méi jiā héng héng 'āāi méi jiā!” suí hòu kāi shǐ jiǎng shùwàng liǎo menwàng liǎo zhè fāngwàng liǎo qiēzhǐ zhào huí shī de qīng nián shí dài de jǐng xiàng cháng chuàn guǐ hún zài de zhàng zhǐ huī xià chuǎng liǎo xià kuān guǎng de táizhà tīngguǐ yǐng chōng chōngyáo yáo huàng huàngméng méng lóng lóngtōng guò liè lián guàn de jīng tànxíng róngàn shì jiā de gēngzhèngchóngshùzhè xiē guǐ hún yǐng yǐng chuò chuò chū xiàn zài men miàn qián jǐn men de tóu nǎoér qiě qíng lǎng de wǎn chōng mǎn liǎo zhǒng zhe de rán tōng guò mǒu zhǒng guāng xiàn biàn huàn chù duī de zhè xiē guǐ hún huó xiàn zài men yǎn qián shì yóu qiān bǎi wàn tiáo yàng de xiàn tiáo huà chéng dexiàng 'ān 'ěrde huà yàng xiàn tiáo fēn míngxiàng lún lǎngde huà yàng chù hún hòuhuò zhě yuè de shù zuò lèi xiàng 'ěr zhā xià de rén yàng zhìkuí wěi
  
  ① ān 'ěr( JeanAugusteDominiqueIngres, 1780 héng 1867), guó huà jiāhuà gōng zhìzhòng shì xiàn tiáo zào xíngyóu shàn xiào xiàng huà
  
  ② lún lǎng( Rembrandt, 1606 héng 1669), lán huà jiāshàn yòng gài kuò de shǒu biǎo xiàn rén de xìng zhēng
  
   cháng cháng kàn dào zhè zhǒng guàn zài chóngyǎnkàn dào yòu míng huò míng de juésè bèi zhào huàn dào de huàn dēng de bái guāng zhào xiàyáo zheshǎn shuò zhesuí de jìng tóu de zhuàndòng zhú jiàn dìng liǎo xíngrán 'ér zhào huí wǎng de 'āi méi jiā tǎn 'ěr jiā de shēng mìng lái méi yòu rèn dōng fēng chí jiǔ de 'ài de mèi de shī zǎo nǎo 'ér mái zàng zài jiù suì de bēi xiàbèi wàng liǎo zhī dàoshì shì yīn wéi yòu liǎo wǎn fāng de lián xiǎng de bāng zhùzhè xiē rén cái lái dào de xīn tóubìng shǐ zàitóng niánér jiān xiōng zhōng men huó xiàn zài men yǎn qián
  
  
  
   zài niǔ yuēzhān què pàn ruò liǎng rén tǎo yàn zhè fāngyòu de liàng shū xìn zuò wéi zuǒ zhèngzhè chéng shì chǒu lòu liǎo xuān nào guò liǎo tóushǐ de shén jīng 'ān níngrán 'ér jué shè huì fēng qíng hěn yòu lǎn měi lái niǔ yuē mendōu yāo qǐng hěn duō rén láiér hái jīng cháng chū chī fànchū kàn héng héng yīn wéi duì réng rán yòu nóng hòu de xīng rán 'érzhè shēng huó zài chén shì de zhān yóu de zhù fēn sànyóu huā fèi hěn cháng hěn cháng de míng miào de shí jiān zhuàng jiě de mèn qiángyóu zhè xiē shí jiān fēn sàn zài shén jīng zhì de mào shàngyīn gēnshān zháishí yōu zāi yóu zāi de huǒ bàn yòu tiān rǎng zhī bié guǎn zài zhǐ yào yòu zhè zhǒng xìng yùn zǒng shì huān yíng dào jiā zuò rán 'ér zhè wèi xíng cōng cōngxīn shì zhòng zhòng de niǔ yuē jǐn jǐn shì men xiāng xià de wěi hēng de kuài suì piàn
  
   zhè shí hòu de niǔ yuē rán nián qīng shí gèng yòu shì pàidàn réng rán shì xiǎo fāngzhī shí de xīng diǎn fàn wéi yòu xiànyīn fàn zhuō shàng de tán huà hěn xiàng xiāng xià bào zhǐ de fāng xiāo lán xiē lìng rén sàng de wǎn jiān huìzhù rén xiàn shàng lán huā jīn zhì cān shíquán rán shí dào rén dài lái jiāo huàn de huá guì
  
   zhān zhī dào de zhēn bǎo zài zhì méi yòu shì chǎngrán 'érshǐ gǎn dào wǎngshāng xīn de shì zhè xiē zhēn bǎo zài wén xué jiè shòu huān yíngér rán gèng jiā zhōng tàn suǒ wén xué jiè yòu huí zhuān mén shè yàn 'ān pái wèi zhuó yuè de sǎnwén jiā jiàn miànyīn wéi zhān hěn zàn shǎng rén de zuò pǐnlìng rén sǎo xīng de shìzhè wèi sǎnwén jiā dāi zhì de miàn kǒng jiē shì nèi xīn de mǐn suī rán shǎng shí zhān de tiān cáidàn duì zhān chén yín yóu de tài xiǎn rán gǎn dào kuài men duì zhè jiàn miàn yòu kàn sǎnwén jiā duì zhān kǒu chī kāi liǎo wán xiàoér zhān yōu gǎn tàn:“ hǎo guài xiāng!”
  
  ① niǔ yuē shì de tiáo fán huá jiē dào
  
   zài shì dùn yào niǔ yuē kuài zài duōzài kǎn zài wēi lián · zhān jiā zài chá 'ěr · ài lüè · nuò dùnjiā zài de qīn yǒu juàn lǐng lüè shì dùn zuì hǎo de fāng miànér zài shì dùn běn shēn yóu gǎn zǒng zài niǔ yuē qiáng duō zhǎo dào liǎo zhǒng yàng de lǎo guān zǎo nián dēng shānde zhǒng zhǒng chuán shuōhuó dòng lái jiù xiàng jiù shēng dài zài de wāng yáng hǎi piào yóu shìde zǒng shì liàn zhe de biǎo qīn guān liàn zhe dài biǎo guò yǒu qíng de rèn rén guǎn zài 'ào 'ěr niǔ yuēhái shì shì dùn céng jīng shuō kànqīn 'ài degēn men jiāo tán yào róng duōyīn wéi zǒng huì xiàng men wèn jiù biǎo xiōng jiě mèi 。” jīng wèn de tào bàn dào gāo wán měi de jìng jǐn zài qīn péng yǒu zhōng shí jiànér qiě zài héng yáng dàolán zháilái bài jiàn de rén zhōng jiān shí jiàn yòng lián zhū pào shì de yǒu hǎo wèn shí shí zài zài liǎo zhè xiē rén de huǒ wèn men zuò bān huǒ chē lái de shì fǒu dào guò suǒ yòu de chéng zhèn liǎo mendōu wán liǎo xiē shénme zhè yàng lái men yóu shòu dào rén de yǒu hǎo jiē dài 'ér yáng yáng zǒu liǎo。“ kànqīn 'ài de men méi yòu gōng gēn tán de shū !” héng héng zhè shì qiē dài jià yào fáng zhǐ de zāinàn
  
  ① nuò dùn( CharlesEliotNorton, 1827 héng 1908), xué zuì zhù míng de měi shù shǐ jiào shòuzhù shù shèn duō
  
  ② shì dùn míng liú zhù de 。 coc1
  lǎn yáng yáng de yuè tiānkōng zhōng màn zhe gān cǎo biān cǎo cǎo de qīng xiāngyáng tái de zhuō shàngfàng zhe zhǐ dàn huáng de wǎn bēi miàn piào zhe méi cǎo méizài piàn bòhé de chèn tuō xià xiǎn me xiān hóng shì qiáo zhì wáng cháo shí dài de lǎo wǎn bēi zhōu wéi lēng jiǎo hěn duōzhé shè chū cuò zōng de liàng guāngléi de liǎng zhǐ shǒu zhèng hǎo yìn dào shī de shuāng tóu zhī jiānxiān shēng men shí tīng dào wēng de shēngjiē dào zhè zhǒng de jǐng gào hòu men lián máng xià pāi pāi men de miàn jiáméi tóu huò zhě guāng de nǎo mén guò men de zhè zhǒng dòng jìn liàng zuò shén yīn wéi men zuò de zhè yáng tái de zhù rén huò 'ěr dùn · léi xiān shēng shì huì chéng rèngāo jiǎshì yòu wén de
  “ guò hěn huài…… xiàng men cháng cháng zài dào guǎn jiàn miàn。” qīn zhè me shuōhǎo xiàng yuè guǐ de qíng jǐng zēng jiā liǎo suǒ de duì nán de zuì guò xié kuà zhuóyǎn jìngkàn zhe shǒu de biān zhì huóshēng yīn hòu zhòng zuò xiǎnghǎo xiàng yào kǎo jiāo háo juàn dài de shǒu zhǐ jiànbiān zhì de xuě bái tóng tǎn yàng。( qīn shì diǎn xíng de shàn hǎo shī de rénrán 'ér shuō chū de huà què jiān suān diǎn shàn。)
  
  “ men guò cháng zài dào guǎn jiàn miàn,” zhè huà duì zhōng de niǔ yuē jiù shì gài kuò duō me zhǔn què 'āguò liǎo dài zhī hòután xiàng · hēi 'ěr 'ān tóng hēng · lāi zhī jiān zhè yàng de fēng liú yùn shìrén men dìng huì shuō:“ men zài guǎn jiàn miàn。” shí zhì jīn chú liǎo wéi shù duō de wèi lǎo chǔnǚ réng rán zài kào nián qīng shí niàng zào de chén nián lǎo jiǔ wàishuí hái yòu xīng zhuī yàng de chén nián jiù shì
  zài hái shì xiǎo háiyòu huí dào niǔ yuē shízhè zuò lǎo dedōu shì duì zuì zhòng yào de guò qīn de shū zhè shí hòu cái néng gòu shū lái dàn zǒu chū jiā ménzǒu shàng xiē jiǎn lòu dān diào de jiē dàokàn dào chù xiàng yàng de jiàn zhù huò zuò xióng wěi de jiào táng huò huá de gōng diànshèn zhì kàn dào rèn ràng rén lián xiǎng dào shǐ de dōng zhè yàng de niǔ yuē néng gěi wèi shú shì liǎo shù měi jué lún de jiàn zhù shù wèi xiǎn de de hái gōng xiē shénme jǐng guān zài hái shí dài de dāng zhōngzuì lìng kuài de guò zuò chǒu lòu kān de niǔ yuē jiē rén qīng sǎoǎi xiǎo de fáng jìn guǎn miàn zhuāng shì huā huā wài biǎo què méi yòu háo wēi yán zhēn míng bái xiē biàn lǎn liǎo luó sài wéi lún dūn de rén néng gòu xīn mǎn shēng huó zài huá shèng dùn guǎng chǎng zhōng yāng gōng yuán zhī jiānrán 'ér wàn wàn méi yòu liào dàozhè yàng zuò niǔ yuē héng héng líng xīng diǎn zhuì zhe xiē 'ǎi xiǎo de fáng de cháng fāng kuài wài de huī liù diū de cǎiméi yòu lóumén lángpēn quánméi yòu rèn jǐng guānzhěng shì jiù xiàng bèi biǎn liǎo dehéng zhe zhuàng jié gòuxiàng yòng niú bāo guǒ lái yàngchù chù qiān piān chú liǎo chǒu lòu zài méi háo héng héng jìng huì zài shí nián hòu xiàng 'ā lán dǎohuò zhě shī màn de luò chéng yàngxiāo shī yǐng zōngzhè píng yōng de huán jìng duō shǎo nián lái màn màn xíng chéng de shè huì jié gòu suí zhī bèi sǎo 'ér guāngzhì jīn rén rán 'érjìn guǎn tóng nián de dāng zhōng zuì zhí zhēn de fēn réng rán shì zhè zuò 'ā lán gòng mìng yùn de niǔ yuē lǎo chéngzhè zuò cóng shí shì kāi shǐ huǎn màn 'ér yòu yǒng tíng xiē zhǎn dào tóng nián shí dài de niǔ yuē lǎo chéng
  
  ① ā lán dǎo( Atlantis): chuán shuō zhōng wèi yáng zhí luó tuó hǎi xiá de dǎo hòu chén hǎi
  
  ② luò ( Troy), xiǎo běi chénghòu máimòshī màn( Schliemann1822 héng 1890), guó kǎo xué jiācéng jué luò mài děng chéng
  
   měi dāng huí xiǎng xiǎo xiǎo de shì jièhuí xiǎng zhǎngbèi men yòng lái biǎn sǔn rèn xíng shì de jìn jīng shén dezhēn yán bǎo ”, jiù jìn yào wèn men de xiān bèi men yòng zài zhè piàn mán huāng de xīn shàng kāi jiāng tuò bìng chéng wéi zhù rén de chuàng jīng shén huì zài sūn men de shēn shàng zhuǎn huà wéi de duò xìngchuàng zhě zhě de yīng xióng gài huì xiāo shī gān 'èr jìnghuò zhèng shì xiān bèi men guò de jìng cái shǐ zhè liàng zài sūn men shēn shàng biàn chéng liǎo qiáng zhī huò shì men zài liǎo lún de kùn nán zhī hòu suǒ diàn dìng de zhè fān huī huáng de zài sūn men de xīn líng zhōng chǎn shēng liǎo zhǒng duì chú shēng jiā zhī wài rèn shì de suī chēng shàng duò xìng de lěng
  
   duì chū shēng zhōng de xiá xiǎo juàn de rén menshèn zhì cái méi yòu duō shǎo zài duō de yòu chǎn de rén jiā xiàng 'ā 'ěr jiā léi jiāyóu niǔ yuē fáng chǎn de fán róngzuàn qián běn lái shì qīng 'ér de men réng rán zài tóu shí zhān qián hòuzài guǎn shàng jǐn xiǎo shèn wēiér huá 'ěr jiē huò dào tiě shànghǎi yùn huò gōng zhōng zuàn qián de shí hòu hái shì wén suǒ wèi wén qīn de péng yǒu dāng zhōng yòu jīng yíng yínháng de yòu cóng shì yóu zhí dezhè dāng zhōngdāng shī de zhàn duō shù shí suǒ rèn shí de nián qīng rén miànshàng wán xué hòuméi yòu gōng dejìn guǎn hòu lái duō gǎi cóng liǎodàn zǒng shuō láigēn qīn de wèi cháng xiōng nián líng xiāng fǎng de rén shǔ yòu xián jiē céng”。 zhè 'ér xiàn zài cún zàizhèng zhè jiē céng běn shēn jīng xiāo wáng yànghuò xiàn dài de zhě tīng zhe huì jué shì shí shì de jìn qīn dāng zhōng zhǐ yòu rénjīng shāng”, ér zhàng jiā jìng rán méi yòu men jiāo wǎng de rén shǔ zhè yàng de jiā tíngyóu fáng chǎn jià de shàng zhǎng men què shí cóng zhōng zuàn liǎo xiē qiánshēng huó guò hái suàn kuān hěn míng xiǎn,’ méi yòu rén mǎn zhè zhǒng xiǎo kāng shuǐ píng 'ér fèn dǒu denián qīng shí hòu cóng wèi jiē chù guò rèn xíng shì de lèi táo jīn de huó dòngxiàn zàiměi dāng tīng shuō niǔ yuē de jīng shēng huó jǐn zhāng yào mìngrén men shèn zhì méi yòu huì zài fàn qián zuò xià lái liáo liáo tiān jiù huì yóu huí xiǎng zài hūn hòu nián rén men zài shèn zhì shì zhōu de kuài huì cānér jiù zuò de rén dāng zhōngnán rén bìng rénshàozài zhè zhǒng chǎng tán huà de shǒu yào yuán zhī jiù shì qīn hěn zǎo qián jiù zhù dào xīn líng dāng zhōng de huà:“ yào tán qiánxiǎng bié duō xiǎng。”
  
   shí hòu de jiā zhěng bèi bǎo rén jiào shī chóngchóng bāo wéi láihěn shǎo néng gòu liǎo jiě men suǒ cóng shì de huó dòngjiù 'ér yán de qīn qīn měi tiān gān xiē shénme zhǐ yòu diǎn yǐn yǐn yuē yuē de zhī dào qīn shí shì niǔ yuē jiā shàn gòu de tóu 'érxiàng máng rén liáo yǎng yuàn míng dài 'ěr jīng shén bìng yuàn děng děngměi féng xún zhāi①, men jiā zǒng kāi bàn suǒ féng rèn bān”, men gēn qīn dào wéi qióng rén zuò xiē féng féng de gōng zuò hái mǒu xiē xià gēn qīn kāi chē wài chū fǎng qīn tàn yǒu shuídōu zài jiābiàn zhǐ hǎo zhōng yāng gōng yuán sàn huò dào lǎng 'ěr jìng de xiǎo shān zhōng cǎi zhāi luó lán zhāng 'ěr xīnwǎn fàn hòu 'ǒu 'ěr yuàn kàn zài de dāng zhōng men cóng lái méi yòu tīng guò yīnyuè huì huò rèn xíng shì de yīnyuè yǎn chūzhí dào hòu láilíng líng xīng xīng de yǎn chū cái biàn chéng dìng de fāng shìér de rén jiù xiàng shí shì de rén yàngbìng shì wèile xīn shǎng ér zhǐ shì wèile huì huì péng yǒu jiā cháng shí hòu zuì cháng jiàn de xiāo qiǎn fāng shì shì wài chū yàn huò zài jiā yàn qǐng qīn péng hǎo yǒuzhè zhǒng chǎng yòu shí hòu huì fēi cháng shē huá zhuāng zhòngtàng jīn qǐng jiǎn qián sān zhōu chūtānɡ fēn”、“ chóuliǎng zhǒngcài dān yòu luó bàn ②), duō shù qíng kuàng xiàdōushì nào nàosuí suí biàn biàn dedāng rán zhè bìng pái chú yòu měi jiǔ jiā yáo xiāng zuǒ rén men tán lùn jiǔ shí lái fēn cùn
  
  ① xún zhāi huó jié qián wéi shí tiān de zhāi jiè chàn huǐ
  
  ② bàn ( Punch), yòu pān zhǒng yòng jiǔguǒ zhīniú nǎi děng tiáohé 'ér chéng de yǐn liào
  
   qīn cóng shàng chéng xià lái liǎo wéi rèn zhēn de měi shí chuán tǒngcáng yòu róng de guó 'ěr duō hóng táo jiǔ rào guò hǎo wàng jiǎo yùn lái de běi fēi bái táo jiǔ deqióng pái shū deniǔ 'ěrpái bái táo jiǔ shǐ zài dāng shí míng jiào lín de qíng kuàng xià shì fēi cháng xiǎn dedào liǎo men zhè dàirén men de kǒu wèi biàn liǎo de duō shì xiāng bīn hóng táo jiǔzhè mǎn jiào de bái táo jiǔ jiù bèi zāo tǒng liú qīn shì hòu de wèi jiù men quán gěi mài diào liǎo hūn hòu jiǔ wèi xīn guì jiā yàn shízhī dào zhù rén duì niǔ yuē lǎo chéng de qīn shū guān shèn míng liǎobiàn yìng zhe tóu xià liǎo bēi zhèwén míng xiá 'ěr de niǔ 'ěr bái táo jiǔ”, yīn wéi zhī dào zhè zhǒng měi wèi jiù dāng shí de zhuàng kuàng 'ér yán shì hěn nán zài pèng dào de liǎo
  
   yào shì méi yòu rén qīn shì huì duì yàn yǐn tài gǎn xīng dezhè zhǒng měi shí jiā de qíng wán quán lái qīn de lán xuè mài de qīn shì lán mínzài niǔ yuē zuì jié chū de chú shī zhù chēngrán 'ér zài dāng shízuòde shǒu hǎo fàn cài shì měi xīn jià niàn de bèi zhì qīn cháng bǎi zài 'àn tóu de chú shī shǒu (《 lán tài cài yáo quánléi rén chú shī bǎo shū》) dāng zhōng jiā mǎn liǎo huáng de zhǐ tiáo shàng miàn dōushì cóng bié chù chāo huí lái de cài zhū qióng rén de nǎi yóu lóng xiā shàn”、“ fàn · jiā lǎng tíng de shāo ”,“ wēi lián · āi jiā de kǎo ròu”, jiā lái de liǎng wèi hēi rén chú shī · yuē hàn xùn shān · màn de jīng zhì cài men jǐn xiáng shí yòu ér qiě xiù gāng dào de zhè liǎng wèi shù jiā”, zhí dài zhe tóu jīnguà zhe 'ěr zhuìcháng ruò zhàn zài yòng men yǒng juàn de shuāng shǒuzhǐ jiá shàng liǎo lán cóng duī duī de qínshū cài jīng xīn shāo shú de dào yòu dào xiāng pēn pēn de shèng cān zhōng jiānquè shí hái suàn shàng shì guāng cǎi zhào rénměi de · yuē hàn xùn tóu gāo yòu hēi yòu liàngěr duǒ xià biān guà zhe liǎng chuàn jīn de shì huán tóu diǎn xíng de fēi zhōu quán dǐng zhe tiáo kuǎn shì dòng rén de fāng jīn shān màn shì hùn xuè 'érshēn cái 'ǎi xiǎoliǎn shàng zǒng shì xiào dechuānzhuó dàn shǒu bìng de qián rèn
  
   shuō zhēn dechēng men wéi shù jiā jué shì kuā zhāng men dòng zuò láikàn jiǎn dān yòu shí héng héng zhǔ jiān zhēng chǎozài men shǒu xià zhǎn dào liǎo zhì héng héng 'ér qiě men píng jiè tiān suǒ dòng yòng de yuán liào guǎn hūn fēng chū yòu měi shí jiā shǐ biàn cháng quán shì jiè de shān zhēn hǎi wèi huì zài men de shǔ niú ròubào chǎo nèn xiā jiāng qín cài zhēng huǒ shāo hóng tóushǔ miàn xiàn bǐngdùn fān qiékǎo bǐngcǎo méi jiā xīn bǐng xiāng lán bīng lín miàn qián liú xián sān chǐ shàng miàn suǒ liè de jǐn jǐn shì men de cháng shàn shí hěn xiǎo de shí hòu jiù cháng biàn liǎo menměi dāng zhāo dài rén,“ bàn yàn huì”, biàn huì yòu lìng fān guāng jǐngjiá huī bèi qīng dùn jiāo ruò shì chǎng yòu shòu)、 qín cài dàn huáng shāo páng xiē táo xiàn huǒ tuǐ bìng xiāng bīnnǎi yóu bái biǎn dòushǔ miàn dàn huáng lóng xiāzài zhè lìng rén yǎn huā liáo luàn de zhǒng jiā yáo zhōngwǒdōu shuō zhǔn yàng zài jié shàng shìměi féng zhè zhǒng chǎng jiù huì kàn dào · yuē hàn xùn shǒu shì yòu fēng ráo jiǎo de tóng xiàng pán dǎo chū bǎi wèi měi jiāng xiē nǎi yóuhuáng yóu fēi dōushì tiān rán suǒ chéng càn rèn chéng fènròu shí dōushì dāng suǒ zǎi wèi jūn wéi dāng shí suǒ lièākàn zhè měi shí jiābèi kào zài shàng biān shēng hēng zhetiān !”, biàn pǐn wèi zhe zhè běn de jiā niàng lái xiāng de zhèng zōng měi jiǔ
  
   zhī suǒ zhè yàng yàn fán xiáng shù men jiā dāng nián de cān zhuō fēng cǎishì yīn wéi zài dāng shí de jiā tíng shēng huó zhōng fènliàng tài shuō shì zuì zhòng yào zuì fēng guāng de fēnrán 'érzhè fēng shàng hěn kuài jiù ràng xiē bèi jiě fàng liǎo debàn biān tiānpāo yǐng zōngzhì shǎo zhè zài xiē 'àng xùn guó jiā shì qiān zhēn wàn què deguō wǎn piáo pénféng féng zhī lèi de shì qíng zài bèi nián qīng men kàn zài yǎn dài zhī 'ér lái de shì xué wén píngyīn wéizài men kàn láizhǐ yòu zhècái néng shì yìng wén míng shè huì gèng jiā de shēng huó yàozhè chǎng yùn dòng zài hái nián qīng de shí hòu jiù kāi shǐxiàn zài nián bàn bǎiqīn yǎn liǎo zhè chǎng yùn dòng hào de shēng shì dài lái de hòu guǒduì guò zhǒng jiā tíng shēng huó fāng shì de fǎn rèn shí hòu shēn gǎn tòng lěng dòngsuī rán jìn rén jiù duì jiā tíng suǒ zào chéng de wēi hài 'ér yángēn gāo děng jiào láizhēn yòu xiǎo zhī bié
  
  ① àng héng xùn guó jiā yīng guó wéi běn mín yán de guó jiā
  
   ér qiě xiē zài qīn de cān zhuō bàng xīn pǐn wèi liǎng wèihēi rénde zuò de zhòng duō rén dào 'ér liǎo xiàn zài hái xiē shēn shì men zhe zōng huò zhě bái de men de shì xuē jiān tǎn xiàng huā 'ér yàng cóng kuān de qún shàng miàn tǐng xiōng tángdāng men zài tīng tuō xià wài shíyòu rén cóng lóu dǐng shàng cháo xià zhāng wàng men de yán yuè men de róu shēng ràng rén gǎn jué dào zhǒng lún de cóng róng yōu xián huì yòu rén zài mén kǒu 'àn zhe chē cuī men tīng huò yuàn shí hòu tīng liáo liáo yuàn cái gāng gāng kāi zhāngdāng rán huì yòu rén wèile kàn wǎn shàng de 'ér dān qīn zhǔn bèi de shèng yàn rén men cóng cóng róng róng zuò zài zhuō biān pán pán de wèi céng dòng guò dāo chā de měi wèi jiāng yào bèi shōu shí huí 。‘ shāo hòu qīn xiàng zuò zài duì miàn qīn yòu de wèi rén qīng qīng shàng gōng shàng piàn piàn qún biān cháng cháng de tuō qún biàn yán zhe hóng tiān 'é róng tǎn jiù de lóu wēi 'ér shàngxiāo shī dào yòu jǐn jiù de shǒu yòu huáng huā shì biān de chóu duàn chuāng lián dehuáng bái xiāngjiàn de tīng ér zài tóng shí xiē shēn shì men yòu zuò huí dào cān zhuō bàngkāi shǐ pǐn wèi cóng dōng fāng shí yùn lái de guó hóng táo jiǔ běi fēi bái táo jiǔjìn xīng hòubiàn yòu fēi xuějiā xiāng suí
  
   de rén shí jīng rénjiǔ liàng fánér qiě duì chī yòu xué wènrán 'ér zhǒng gèng wéi jiǎng jiū de wèi suō duǎn liǎo zhè zhǒng zhí mín shí dài rén men de shèng yàn hóng yǐnèr shí fēn zhōng hòuzhè xiē zhe de shēn shì men biàn gēn men chuānzhuó qún de rén men zuò dào liǎo zài jǐn de cháng shā shàng men qīn qīn zài liáo shàng bàn zhōng tóuyào ràng zhè yàng de wǎn wán měi hànzhè shí hòu měi rén duān shàng bēi chá zǒng shì shǎo deduì men xiàn dài zhè chōng mǎn xuān nào de shì de rén men lái shuō qiēdōu xiǎn róu yōu xiánzhè yàng de chǎng tán zuì duō de rán shì dāng shēng de suǒ shìguān shùyīnyuèwén xué děng děng mendōu jìn liàng 'ér tándāng ránduì luó luò zuì xīn chū bǎn de xiǎo shuōdǎo fáng qīng miáo dàn xiě lùn fānhuò zhě ruò wēi lián · ā 'ěr xiān shēng cóng shénme fāng nòng dào wèi shī de míng huà zuò wéi shí de huà ), zuì cháng jiàn de huà shì guān men de men duì shí jiǔsài shí,“ gāo tóu zhèng kāi shǐ chī xiāng)、 bié shù de guī huáhuā yuán gāi xuǎn zhǒng shénme huā cǎoshǒu tuī jiǎn cǎo cái gāng gāng kāi shǐ yòng xiū jiǎn cǎo píngzhǒng zuì duō de shù yào shù tóng hóng shān máo jué fēng shù 'ōu zhōu yóu de jìhuàniǔ yuē rén zài zhè fāng miàn fèi liǎo shǎo nǎo jīnděng děngdōukě jìn xíng fān shēn shú de tàn tǎozài yuē suì de shí hòu jīng cháng kàn jiàn zhōu wéi de rén yào me gāng gānghuí guó”, yào me zhèng zhǔn bèi chéng qián wǎng 'ōu zhōu xíngniǔ yuē lǎo chéng de mín niàn niàn wàng men xiān men shēng huó guò de shì hūn hòu qiān wǎng de shì dùn què yàngzhè chéng shì de mín jìn guǎn yāo chán wàn guàn gèdōu lǎn zǒu chū jiā mén men quē duì zhī shí de hàoqíyīn 'ér méi yòu dào wài miàn kàn kàn de yuàn wàng
  
  ① luó luò ( 1815 héng 1882) yīng guó xiǎo shuō jiāshí jiǔ shì èr shí shì chū zhí bèi shì wéi liú xíng xiǎo shuō jiā shù jià zhí zhí dào hòu lái cái shòu dào kěn dìng
  
   duì xīn yīng lánrén duì wài shì jiè de lěng shǐ zhōng gǎn dào kùn huò jiěyīn wéi nián qīng shí hòu kàn dào niǔ yuē rén zhǐ yòu dāng cōng cōng máng máng shàng lún chuánbèi xiàng shēng de de shí hòucái shì men zuì wéi kuài de shí jìn guǎn suǒ jiāo wǎng de rén dāng zhōngquè hěn shǎo yòu rén néng cóng 'ōu zhōu zhī zhōng zài shù zhī shí fāng miàn huò deér duì dào 'ōu zhōu xún zhǎo míng liú jiāo wǎng de huì men gèng shì xiè men rèn wéi dào lún dūn huò luó gēn wèi bān de rén jiāo wǎng shì zhǒng yōng kān de shì qíngwéi yòu shì xiǎo rén cái wéi zhīpáo dào 'ōu zhōu shàng liú shè huì de měi guó rén gèng bèi shì zuò shì zài běn guó shàng de néng zhī bèi zūn de měi guó rén zài xíng dāng zhōng suǒ jiāo wǎng de shì zǎo xiān dìng dào 'ōu zhōu shì zhōng de měi guó tóng bāoér qiě hái shì men dāng zhōng zuì zhǐ de fēn rénzhè xiē háo jiáo shì de xíng zhě zuì xīn shǎng de zhǐ shì fēng jǐngfèi xiē lǒngzhào zhe shāng gǎn de chuán fēn de chǎng suǒ jiù shì bài lúnhàn · ān shēng 'ěr wéihuá shèng dùnōu wén huò zhě huò sāngděng rén qīng qīng lǐng zhe niè shǒu niè jiǎo de guān guāng zhě suǒ dào de fāng xíng huó dòng guǎn shì jiào huì de hái shì huáng shì de rán zài men de xīn shǎng zhī lièzhǐ shì duì hòu zhě men zhǐ néng cóng yuǎn chù piē yǎn 'ér cháng ruò shuí xiǎng tuō tuō guān cóng fāng dìng zuò wèi huò zhě nòng zhāng qǐng jiǎn lái kěn dìng huì bèi wéi shì zhī de guǒ yòu wèi měi guó néng shēn dào yīng guó huáng jiā de gōng diàn héng héng hǎo zhǐ xiāo kàn kàn zài guó nèi gēn jiāo wǎng dedōu shì xiē shénme huò
  
  ① xīn yīng lánměi guó dōng běi liù zhōu de zǒng chēng shì dùn zhū sài zhōu de shǒu wéi zhè zuì de chéng shì
  
  ② ( 1771 héng 1832) lán xiǎo shuō jiāshī rén shǐ xiǎo shuō de zhǐ chuàng zhěbài lún( 1788 héng 1824) yīng guó làng màn pài shī rénhàn · ān shēng( 1805 héng 1875) dān mài zuò jiātóng huà shī 'ěr wéi 'ài huá · 'ěr wéi héng dùn( 1803 héng 1873) yīng guó jiāshī rén píng jiāxiǎo shuō jiāhuá shèng dùn · ōu wén( 1783 héng 1859) měi guó zuò jiāhuò sāng( 1804 héng 1864) měi guó xiǎo shuō jiā shàng zhū wèi zuò jiā de mǒu xiē zuò pǐn zhōng jūn yòu yòu guān 'ōu zhōu shǐ huò chuán shuō de shù
  
   xiāng fèi xuě shānhúpō héng héng yóu shì héng héng zhōngyùn cáng zhe qióng jìn de ér zài shì yòu zhǒng yàng de shāng diànzài zhè xiē shāng diàn zhèng hēng · zhān zài piān yóu zhōng fēi cháng zhǔn què miáo shù de yàngměi guó zhǎo dào liǎo bǎi tuō shēng huó zài xiāng suǒ dài lái de biàn de wàn néng zhī guòqiān wàn bié wéi shì zài guòfèn qiáng diào de tóng bāo men de quē xiànyīnggāi zài shí dài shǐ zuì gāo shè huì zhōng de rén huì guān guāng kàn zuò shì jiàn xīn zhì huó dòngzhǐ xiāo fān fān shí jiǔ shì zǎo rén men suǒ xiě de yóu jiù huì xiàn zài luó jīnzhī qián tōng de shòu guò liáng hǎo jiào de yóu guǎn lái guó jiādōuhěn shǎo zhù liú xīn guān chá xīn shǎng suǒ jiàn suǒ wénér zǎo zài shí shì · yáng jiù jiào dǎo xiē zhǐ shù de zhī shí fènzǐ yào zài zhōng zhù guān chá nóng zuò de shēng cháng zhì jié gòu de biàn qiān zài xíng jiānfàng liǎo zhā 'ā qín tuō liǎng chù míng shèngquè yán zhe tiáo zào 'ér yòu jiān nán de jìng héng chuān guò zhè kuài dǎo de shì xiǎng qīn yǎn kàn kàn zhè fāng huì bèi chēng wéi luó de liáng cāngér tóng shí duō shù tóu nǎo jiào jiǎn dān de rén dào luó huì guǎng chǎng de zhǐ shàng jiǎn shí shí suì piàndào de zào shén miào cǎi zhāi tiě xiàn juéhuò zhě dào xuě lāi shàng cǎi zhāi niú yǎn cóng xià méng de dǎo yóu mǎi yīdá 'ér tiē zhe xuě róng huā díkǎ piànhuò zhě cóng luó huà shāng shǒu zhōng gòu zhāng duō shǔ guāng shén qiáo jìng zhěde zhì pǐn
  
  ① hēng · zhān ( 1843 héng 1916) měi guó chū shēng de xiǎo shuō jiā, 1915 nián yīng guó
  
  ② luó jīn( 1819 héng 1900) yīng guó shù píng lùn jiāshè huì gǎi jiā
  
  ③ · yáng ( 1741 héng 1820) yīng guó zuò jiā zuò pǐn jūn nóng yòu guān
  
  ④ zhāā qín tuōjūn wéi chéng shì
  
  ⑤ xuě lāi( 1792 héng 1822) yīng guó làng màn pài shī rénèr shí jiǔ suì shí fēng bào zhōngzàng luó
  
  ⑥ xià méng guó lǎng fēng xià de dōng yùn dòng xíng chǎng suǒ
  
  ⑦ duōshí sān shì huà jiā
  
  ⑧ qiáo( 1573 héng 1610), kāi lǎng luó · méi huà jiā
  
   zhèng shì zài zhè shí hòu wèi nián qīng yīng jùnzuǐ jiǎo yòu chù shāng hén de lán yǎn jīng xiǎo huǒ zhèng kāi zhe de xíng chē héng chuān zhè kuài shuāng hàoqí de yǎn jīng cóng jìng chǎng jiào táng de qiáo tuō zhí kàn dào 'ā de 'āi④。 shì zài tóng shí hòulìng nián qīng rén héng héng wèi pín qióng liáo dǎo wén de jiàn zhù shī héng héng zhèng zuò zài liàng zhàn chē diān láo dùn zài jiā 'ān de xiǎo shànghuò shè zài mǎn suì shí de piān xiǎo dào shàng huà xià bān shàng rén wèn jīn de jiàn zhù lǎng níng zhèng shì zài zhè shí hòu cóng mèng jìng zhōng huí běnzhǐ huán shūxuě lāi zǎo wán chéng liǎo piānqián 》⑦。 ér duì xiē tōng de yòu xiē jiā de yóu lái shuōhuò sāng de shí diāo xiàng》⑧、 'ěr wéi depáng bèi chéng zuì hòu de huá shèng dùn · ōu wén deā 'ěr hàn réng rán shì yòu guān bān de zuì yòu shuō de wén
  
  ① jìng chǎng jiào táng běi de zuò lǎo jiào táng
  
  ② qiáo tuō( 1267 héng 1331), huà jiādiāo jiā jiàn zhù shī děng yòu huà liú shì
  
  ③ ā zhōng chéng shì
  
  ④ 'āi( 1240? héng 1302?), luó lún huà jiā 'ā děng yòu huà liú shì
  
  ⑤ jiā 'ān jūn wéi bān míng
  
  ⑥ lǎng níng( 1812 héng 1889), yīng guó shī rén。《 zhǐ huán shūshì 1869 nián wán chéng de shí 'èr juàn cháng shī shí shì de wéi bèi jǐng
  
  ⑦《 qián 》( TheCenci): xuě lāi de shī shí liù shì luó guì shēng huó wéi bèi jǐng
  
  ⑧《 shí diāo xiàng》( TheMarbleFaun): huò sāng de luó wéi bèi jǐng de xiǎo shuō
  
  ⑨《 ā 'ěr hàn 》, ā 'ěr hàn chuán shì 》, ōu wén bān shí chuàng zuò de shì bān dehóng chéng bǎo”( 'ā 'ěr hàn wéi bèi jǐng
  lìng běn tuī jiàn de shì de chàng xiāo shūhuān zhī jiā》( 1905), shū zhōng zhù rén wēng · ( LilyBart) shì zào zuì de rén bèi · xià yàngwèile zài shè huì zhōng yíng de wèi zhì qiē shǒu duàn tóng de shì léi shì ràng ràng zhě huān jīng chōng pèi de mào xiǎn jiā zào chéng wèi chēng zhí de qīn); ér hěn míng xiǎn duì huái yòu shēn shēn de tóng qíngdàn què gǎi biàn jiāng yìng 'ér tiǎo de shè huì dài gěi de 'è yùn


  The House of Mirth (1905), is a novel by Edith Wharton. First published in 1905, the novel is Wharton's first important work of fiction, sold 140,000 copies between October and the end of December, and added to Wharton's already substantial fortune.
  
  The House of Mirth is a novel of manners set against the backdrop of the 1890s New York ruling class. Wharton places her tragic heroine, Lily Bart, in a society that she describes as a " 'hot-house of traditions and conventions.' "
  
  Derivation of the title
  
  The title derives from Ecclesiastes 7:4: The heart of the wise is in the house of mourning; but the heart of fools is in the house of mirth. The manuscript had originally been titled "A Moment's Ornament, a reference to Wordsworth's poem 'She was a Phantom of Delight.'" .
  Plot
  
  Like most Wharton novels, The House of Mirth examines the conflict between rigid social expectation and personal desire. Lily Bart is adept at playing society's games, which expect her to achieve an advantageous marriage. Yet, torn between her desire for luxurious living and a relationship based on mutual respect and love, she manages to sabotage all her possible chances for a wealthy marriage. Gradually losing the good opinion of her social circle, she is left to try to survive below the level of "dinginess" of her only true friend, Gerty Farish.
  
  Beautiful and well-trained as to "proper" behavior, Lily has many opportunites to marry a wealthy man, but none of them ever seem to work out. She avoids a marriage to an Italian Prince by flirting with his son; she sabotages her relationship with the prudish, but very wealthy Mr. Percy Gryce, and so on.
  
  Her lawyer friend, Lawrence Selden, finds her attractive and delightful, but does not seriously attempt to engage her affections, since he is not rich and knows that she is unwilling to consider marrying for love.
  
  Simon Rosedale is a social climber whose commercial success has admitted him partially into elite society. Rosedale courts Miss Bart until her social disaster renders her useless to him. Though he does offer real help after she has "fallen from grace," he requires that she re-enter society before he can marry her, thus securing his social position with a beautiful wife who is well-versed in society's rules.
  
  Lily's decline begins when she loses the favor of her friend Judy Trenor, whose husband gives Lily a large sum of money, which she innocently accepts, believing that it is the return on investments made for her. When rumours of this debt circulate through her circle the foundations of her social standing are shaken.
  
  Another of Lily's friends, Bertha Dorset, invites her to join her and her husband on a trip, then falsely implies that Lily has committed adultery with her husband, thus distracting his attention from her own infidelities.
  
  The ensuing scandal ruins Lily, causing her straight-laced Aunt Julia, who is supporting her, to almost totally disinherit her. Although Lily has the power to defend herself—she has evidence of Bertha's infidelity—she chooses to suffer the consequences of the scandal rather than blackmail Bertha, since exposing her would also expose Lawrence Selden, the man Lily loves...although she never admits it, even to herself.
  
  Dropped by almost all of her society friends, Lily is forced to seek work. She takes a job as social secretary to a disreputable woman, but her dignity forces her to resign. She takes a job working in a millinery, but produces poor work and is let go. Eventually, she receives her meager inheritance. After paying her debt to Trenor, Lily dies from an overdose of the sleeping draught to which she had become addicted.
  Other Characters
  Lawrence Selden
  
  Lawrence Selden is a young lawyer who is fascinated by Lily Bart, whom he admires for her beauty, taste, and intelligence. He falls in love with her even though he knows he cannot support her in the standard of living to which she aspires. Aside from a few stolen moments and chance conversations, determined not to entangle himself emotionally, Lawrence avoids her. Only at the end of the novel, when it's too late, can he express his feelings for her.
  Percy Gryce
  
  Percy Gryce is a wealthy and eligible bachelor. Shy and conservative, he is uncomfortable around women, but he takes pride in his inherited collection of Americana books. Lily befriends him with the intention of making him fall in love with her. A consummate actor, she pretends an interest in things that interest him, and plays the role of a prospective wife to the hilt. However, when Gryce discovers that some of her undisclosed vices such as smoking cigarettes, gambling at cards deem her less than worthy to be a suitable wife, he runs away as fast as he can, eventually meeting and marrying a much more appropriate young woman.
  Judy and Gus Trenor
  
  The Trenors are Lily's best friends at the start of the story. Judy is an expert hostess, considered at the top of fashionable society, although the older and more conservative families do not approve of everything that goes on in her household. She wants to help Lily find a husband, but the friendship cools when Lily stirs up trouble at one of Judy's house parties and she suspects that Lily may have slept with Gus.
  Simon Rosedale
  
  A wealthy Jewish banker and insightful businessman, Simon Rosedale wants to be accepted into the higher ranks of society. He cultivates people through the Stock Exchange, sharing stock tips with social stars such as Wellington Bry and Gus Trenor.
  
  Rosedale is aware that he makes others uncomfortable, but believes that a respectable and socially astute wife will make him acceptable to society. He therefore determines that he must have such a wife, and chooses Lily.
  
  He insures that Lily gets her hands on Bertha Dorset's incriminating letters to Lawrence Selden, hoping to furnish her with the ammunition to blackmail Bertha into acknowledging her socially.
  Bertha and George Dorset
  
  A vicious, selfish woman who thinks of little but her own pleasure, Bertha Dorset has a husband who is completely unaware of her affairs. Scheming to protect herself, and concerned that her husband may be growing interested in Lily, Bertha hints that Lily and George are having an affair. This is the beginning of Lily's ruin. Subsequently, Bertha uses her social position to further isolate and humiliate the young woman.
  Gerty Farish
  
  A cousin of Lawrence Selden's, Gerty dearly loves both Lawrence and Lily. When she realizes that Lawrence is in love with Lily, she sublimates her love for him into a desire to help Lily. Mild, generous, and optimistic, Gerty sees the best in everyone. Regarded by Lily as "dingy" because of her simple living conditions, Gerty devotes herself to public service. When Lily comes to her for help, Gerty finds various positions for her, and invites her to live with her in her apartment. This Lily refuses, although she has come to appreciate Gerty's kind heart.
  Julia Peniston
  
  Lily's Aunt Julia reluctantly accepted financial responsibility for Lily after her parents died, and has been supporting her ever since. She pays all Lily's expenses, but does not give her a regular allowance. Instead, she makes Lily unpredictable gifts of cash. When presented with the rumors of Lily borrowing money from Gus Trenor and gambling for money, Julia is shocked. After the evidence of Lily's inappropriate behavior becomes overwhelming, Julia disinherits her niece, leaving Lily with barely enough of a legacy to settle her debts.
  Carry Fisher
  
  Carry Fisher is a repeatedly divorced woman who relies on her social skills to survive and who occasionally does dirty work for Judy Trenor or Bertha Dorset. Carry sees in Lily a kindred spirit, and attempts to teach Lily the art of social midwifery, but Lily is unable to recognize that the very people she helps to gain a foothold in society will inevitably snub her as they do Carry. When it becomes known that Lily held a position in Norma Hatch's (a gold digger at best and possibly a courtesan of some sort) household, this doesn't hurt Carry Fisher, understood by everyone to be damaged goods herself; but when Norma Hatch nearly succeeds in marrying a naïve young man from a wealthy family, Lily is blamed as having somehow been involved in the conspiracy.
  Reception
  
  The book received an enthusiastic review in the New York Times upon its original publication, which called it "a novel of remarkable power," and which read in part "Its varied elements are harmoniously blended, and the discriminating reader who has completed the whole story in a protracted sitting or two must rise from it with the conviction that there are no parts of it which do not properly and essentially belong to the whole. Its descriptive passages have verity and charm, it has the saving grace of humor, its multitude of personages, as we have said, all have the semblance of life."
  
  There followed months of letters to the Times, arguing over the book. Some readers were enthusiastic fans, while others felt that the book unfairly impugned the city's social elite.
  Film, TV or theatrical adaptations
  
   * A 1906 stage adaptation written by Clyde Fitch.
   * A 1918 eponymous silent film adaptation directed by Albert Capellani, starring Katherine Harris Barrymore as Lily Bart.
   * A 1981 TV movie version directed by Adrian Hall, starring Geraldine Chaplin as Lily Bart.
   * A 2000 eponymous film adaptation, The House of Mirth, directed by Terence Davies, starring Gillian Anderson as Lily Bart.
  “ zhè bái chī!” lǎo shuō zhe jiù de pái shuǎi liǎo xià
  
   máng niǔ guò tóu miǎn kàn jiàn hǎi · lāi 'ēn de liǎn guò wèishénme xiǎng miǎn kàn jiàn zhāng liǎn néng gào jiù gèng néng gào wèishénme jìng rán huì liào xiǎng dào guǒ zhēn de liào xiǎng dào de huàxiàng zhè yàng nián de xiǎn yào rén huì zhù dào zhè yàng wán quán qīng zhòng de xiǎo qīng nián dào de shì liǎo
  
   niǔ zhuǎn tóu wéi de shì ràng kàn dào tīng jiàn bèi rén jiào bái chī shí shì zěn yàng de shāng xīn shǐ shì kāi wán xiào héng héng 'ōzhì shǎo shì bàn kāi wán xiào shì wǎng wǎng rèn wéi jiù shì bái chījìn guǎn de pái hěn zāo gāo què shēn 'ān pái dàowán quán duàn dìng de pái héng héng chèn liú shén shí héng héng chōng fēn shuō míng lǎo chōng dòng shì yòu dào dewèishénme huǒ gǎo xīn fán luàn néng shuō néng shuō wèishénme zài dezuì xīn dàngxiǎo 'ěr dùn · 'ēn duì de huà bào shēng jiān xiào shí zhēn xiǎng gěi zhè xiǎo lài 'ěr guāng néng shuō wèishénme hǎi lāi 'ēn zǒng shì xià tīng míng bái rén jiā zài xiào rán 'ér kěn dìng màn màn huì míng báizuì hòu chū biǎo shì xīn shǎng de chén fēng hòu de xiào shēng héng héng me wèishénme piān piān yào cóng zhōng wán quán diào zhè wèishénme
  xià luò · ā shí zài jiā mén kǒu de tái jiē shàng tíng xià liǎo jiǎo zhe sān yuè zhè míng mèi de xià xuān 'áo dedōu shì shēng huó zhèng dào zhuǎn shēn bèi duì qiēzài lǎo shì shí miàn de mén tīng zhàn liǎo huì 'érrán hòu jiāng yàoshì tǒng jìn liǎo suǒ kǒng shàn mén chuāng chuí guà zhe de diào lián shǐ shì nèi de guāng xiàn biàn hěn róu nuǎn nuǎn róng róng 'ér yòu méng méng lóng lóngràng rén kàn qīng miàn dōuyòu xiē shénmezài gāng jià gěi kěn · ā shí de yuè zǒng shì huān měi tiān zài zhè shí hòu huí láihuí dào zhè suǒ jiǔ bèi shāng shí shàng wàng 'ér xiǎn 'ān jìng de zhōng láiniǔ yuē qíng de xuān 'áozhē tiān de dēng huǒyōng sài de jiāo tōngfáng shèshēng huó xiǎng suǒ dài lái de tóng zhè suǒ chēng wéi jiā de bìnàn suǒ zhī jiān de duì zǒng néng shēn shēn dòng zài fēng de zhèng zhōng xīn zhǎo dào liǎo zuò xiǎo dǎo héng héng zhì shǎo céng jīng zhè yàng wéirán 'ér xiàn zàijiù zài zuì jìn yuè qiēdōu biàn liǎo zǒng shì zài mén jiē shàng yóu juéér qiě zǒng qiǎngpò jìn
  zài shí nián dài de lǎo niǔ yuē zhǐ shù de jiā rén zài dān chún yòu fāng miàn tǒng zhì wèi zhōng jiù yòu luó 'ěr dùn jiā
  
   qiáng jiàn de yīng guó rén huómiàn hóng rùnshēn bèn zhuō de lán rén wéi chuàng zào chū fán róng jǐn shènquè yòu huī jīn de shè huì。“ bàn shì yào bàn piào liàng zhí shì zhè jǐn xiǎo shèn wēi de shì jiè shàng de xiàng běn yuán zhè shì jiè quán shì yóu yínháng jiā yìn zuò shēng de shāng rénzào chuán chǎng jiā chuán shāng de cái jiàn zào lái dezhè xiē chī jiǎng jiūxíng dòng chí huǎn de rén shēng huó zài zhǒng wén 'ér dān diào de huán jìng zhè zhǒng huán jìng de biǎo miàn cóng lái méi yòu shòu dào shí zài xià yǎn chū de de gān rǎozhè xiē rén zài 'ōu zhōu rén yǎn xiǎn xìng qíng bào zàozhǐ guò shì yīn wéi fǎn cháng de hòu liǎo men guò shèng de ròuzhā jǐn liǎo men de shén jīng liǎo xiē nián yuèmǐn gǎn de rén 'ér jiù xiàng ruò yīn jiàn pánmìng yùn zhī shén zài shàng miàn tánzòuquè méi yòu shēng
  
   zhè zhēn chā jìn de shè huì shì yóu hàn jiē jié jiēshí shí de jiàn jiàn zào 'ér chéng dezài zhè shè huì de zuì de zhù mǎn liǎo luó 'ěr dùn jiā de rén men de bàng zhīluó 'ěr dùn jiā yuán lái shì yīng guó de zhōng chǎn jiē jiā tíng men dào zhí mín lái shì wèile zhǒng xìn tiáo 'ér ér shì wèile zhāng cún zhé 'ér huójiēguǒ jīng chāo chū liǎo men de wàng men de zōng jiào rǎn shàng liǎo chéng gōng de cǎi zhǒng chún huà liǎo de yīng guó guó jiàozàiměi jiān zhòng guó zhù jiào pài jiào huìde tiáohé hào xià chú liǎo hūn zhōng de 'àn shìhuí liǎo xìn jīngzhōng de kǒnghè xìng zhāng jiérèn wéi zàizhù dǎo shuō men de ……” gèng biǎo shì chóng jìngzhè zhǒng jiào huì zhèng luó 'ěr dùn jiā shēn chǔshì de zhǒng tuǒ xié jīng shénquán zōng jiàn liǎo xíng xíng de xīn pài zōng jiào lái míng de rén chū běn néngtuì sān shè men yuè léi chí bàn yīn chéng wéi zhǒng bǎo shǒu shì de dài biǎozhè zhǒng shì zhǒng xīn de shè huì tuán tuán nòng dào tóng hǎi cǎo chán zhù hǎi 'àn yàng
  《 chún zhēn nián dài》 ( yīng hàn duì zhào ) shì jīng jiǔ shuāi de jié zuòbèi rèn wéi shì · huá dùn zuì wéi wán měi de xiǎo shuōzuò zhě cóng qīn shēn jīng shú de huán jìng zhōng liàn cái zào rén jiāng zuò pǐn cái gēn zhí shēn hòu de xiàn shí rǎng zhōngtōng guò mìng yùn chén zhè xiàn suǒ zhù rén gōng 'ā qiē 'ěr 'ài qíng bēi de zhù xiàn xiāng yìng chènshǐ kàn xún cháng de 'ài qíng shì bèi liǎo shēn de shè huì xiàn shí
  
  "5000 chuáng tóu dēng yīng xué běn " yóu měi guó zuò jiā zhí jīng xuǎn liǎo guó wài shù shí zuì zhí shēng de wén xué zuò pǐn 5500 zuì cháng yòng de dān xiě chéng yán xiàn dài dàobiāo zhǔnyuán zhī yuán wèiér qiě tōng dǒng tǎng zài chuáng shàng yòng fān diǎn jiù jīn jīn yòu wèi xué yīng ér qiě diàn fāng wén huà gāo rén de kǒu wèi xiū yǎngduì chūzhōng yīng xué zhě lái shuō shì tào zhí bié tuī jiàn de yīng jiǎn 。《 chún zhēn nián dài》 ( yīng hàn duì zhào ) wèicóng shū de zhōng wéi yīng hàn duì zhào bǎnshì jīng jiǔ shuāi de jié zuòbèi rèn wéi shì · huá dùn zuì wéi wán měi de xiǎo shuō


  The Age of Innocence (1920) is a novel by Edith Wharton, which won the 1921 Pulitzer Prize. The story is set in upper class New York City in the 1870s.
  
  In 1920, The Age of Innocence was published twice; first in four parts, July – October, in the Pictorial Review magazine, and then by D. Appleton and Company as a book in New York and in London. The book was warmly received; the Times Book Review considered it "a brilliant panorama of New York's 45 years ago. The novel is in demand mostly at public libraries and a best seller in the bookstores."
  
  Plot introduction
  
  The Age of Innocence centers on an upper class couple's impending marriage, and the introduction of a woman plagued by scandal whose presence threatens their happiness. Though the novel questions the assumptions and morals of 1870s' New York society, it never devolves into an outright condemnation of the institution. In fact, Wharton considered this novel an "apology" for her earlier, more brutal and critical novel, The House of Mirth. Not to be overlooked is Wharton's attention to detailing the charms and customs of the upper caste. The novel is lauded for its accurate portrayal of how the 19th-century East Coast American upper class lived, and this, combined with the social tragedy, earned Wharton a Pulitzer Prize — the first Pulitzer awarded to a woman. Edith Wharton was 58 years old at publication; she lived in that world, and saw it change dramatically by the end of World War I. The title is an ironic comment on the polished outward manners of New York society, when compared to its inward machinations.
  Plot summary
  
  Newland Archer, gentleman lawyer and heir to one of New York City's best families, is happily anticipating a highly desirable marriage to the sheltered and beautiful May Welland. Yet he finds reason to doubt his choice of bride after the appearance of Countess Ellen Olenska, May's exotic, beautiful thirty-year-old cousin, who has been living in Europe. Ellen has returned to New York after scandalously separating herself (per rumor) from a bad marriage to a Polish Count. At first, Ellen's arrival and its potential taint to his bride's family disturbs him, but he becomes intrigued by the worldly Ellen who flouts New York society's fastidious rules. As Newland's admiration for the countess grows, so does his doubt about marrying May, a perfect product of Old New York society; his match with May no longer seems the ideal fate he had imagined.
  
  Ellen's decision to divorce Count Olenski is a social crisis for the other members of her family, who are terrified of scandal and disgrace. Living apart can be tolerated, but divorce is unacceptable. To save the Welland family's reputation, a law partner of Newland asks him to dissuade Countess Olenska from divorcing the Count. He succeeds, but in the process comes to care for her; afraid of falling in love with Ellen, Newland begs May to accelerate their wedding date; May refuses.
  
  Newland tells Ellen he loves her; Ellen corresponds, but is horrified of their love's aggrieving May. She agrees to remain in America, separated but still married, only if they do not sexually consummate their love; Newland receives May's telegram agreeing to wed sooner.
  
  Newland and May marry; he tries forgetting Ellen but fails. His society marriage is loveless, and the social life he once found absorbing has become empty and joyless. Though Ellen lives in Washington and has remained distant, he is unable to cease loving her. Their paths cross while he and May are in Newport, Rhode Island. Newland discovers that Count Olenski wishes Ellen to return to him, and she has refused, despite her family pushing her to reconcile with her husband and return to Europe. Frustrated by her independence, the family cut off her money, as the Count had already done.
  
  Newland desperately seeks a way to leave May and be with Ellen, obsessed with how to finally possess her. Despairing of ever making Ellen his wife, he attempts to have her agree to be his mistress. Then Ellen is recalled to New York City to care for her sick grandmother, who accepts her decision to remain separated and agrees to reinstate her allowance.
  
  Back in New York and under renewed pressure from Newland, Ellen relents and agrees to consummate their relationship. However, Newland then discovers that Ellen has decided to return to Europe. Newland makes up his mind to abandon May and follow Ellen to Europe when May announces that she and Newland are throwing a farewell party for Ellen. That night, after the party, Newland resolves to tell May he is leaving her for Ellen. She interrupts him to tell him that she learned that morning that she is pregnant; she reveals that she had told Ellen of her pregnancy two weeks earlier, despite not being sure of it at the time. The implication is that she did it because she suspected the love between Ellen and Newland and knew Ellen well enough to know that she would drop Newland if May was pregnant. Newland guesses that this is Ellen's reason for returning to Europe. Hopelessly trapped, Newland decides not to follow Ellen, surrendering his love for the sake of his children, remaining in a loveless marriage to May.
  
  Twenty-six years later, after May's death, Newland and his son are in Paris. The son, learning that his mother's cousin lives there, has arranged to visit Ellen in her Paris apartment. Newland is stunned at the prospect of seeing Ellen again. On arriving outside the apartment building, Newland, still reeling emotionally, sends up his son alone to meet Ellen, while he waits outside, watching her apartment's balcony. Newland considers going up, but decides that his dream and memory of Ellen are more real than anything else in his life has been; he walks back to his hotel without meeting her.
  Characters in The Age of Innocence
  
  Major Characters
  
   * Newland Archer: The story's protagonist is a young, popular, successful lawyer living with his mother and sister in an elegant New York City house. Since childhood, his life has been shaped by the customs and expectations of upper class New York City society. His engagement to May Welland is one in a string of accomplishments. At the story's start, he is proud and content to dream about a traditional marriage in which he will be the husband-teacher and she the wife-student. His life changes when he meets Countess Ellen Olenska. Through his relationship with her — first friendship, then love — he begins questioning the values on which he was raised. He sees the sexual inequality of New York society and the shallowness of its customs, and struggles to balance social commitment to May with love for Ellen. He cannot find a place for their love in the intricate, judgmental web of New York society. Throughout the story's progress, he transgresses the boundaries of acceptable behavior for love of Ellen: first following her to Skuytercliff, then Boston, and finally willing to follow her to Europe. In the end, though, Newland Archer finds that the only place for their love is in his memories.
  
   * Mrs. Manson Mingott: The matriarch of the powerful Mingott family, and grandmother to Ellen and May. She was born Catherine Spicer, the daughter of an inconsequential family. Widowed at 28, she has ensured her family's social position by her own shrewdness and force of character. She controls her family: at Newland's request, she has May and Mrs. Welland agree to an earlier wedding date. She controls the money — withholding Ellen's living allowance (when the family is angry with Ellen), and having niece Regina Beaufort ask for money when in financial trouble. Mrs. Mingott is a maverick in the polite world of New York society, at times pushing the boundaries of acceptable behavior; receiving guests in her house's ground floor, though society associates that practice with prostitutes. Her welcoming Ellen is viewed skeptically, and she insists the rest of the family support Ellen.
  
   * Mrs. Welland: May's mother, has raised her daughter to be a proper society lady. May's dullness, lack of imagination, and rigid views of appropriate and inappropriate behavior are consequence of her influence. She has effectively trained her husband, the weak-willed Mr. Welland, to conform to her desires and wishes. Mrs. Welland is the driving force behind May's commitment to a long engagement. Without her mother's influence, May might have agreed sooner to Newland's request for an earlier wedding date. After a few years of marriage, Newland Archer perceives in his mother-in-law what May will become — stolid, unimaginative, and dull.
  
   * May Welland: Newland Archer's fiancée, then wife. Raised to be a perfect wife and mother, she follows and obeys all of society's customs, perfectly. Mostly, she is the shallow, uninterested and uninteresting young woman that New York society requires. When they are in St. Augustine, though, May gives Newland a rare glimpse of the maturity and compassion he had previously ignored. She offers to release him from their engagement so he can marry the woman he truly loves, thinking he wants to be with Mrs. Rushworth, a married woman with whom he had recently ended a love affair. When he assures May of his loving only her, May appears to trust him, at least at first. Yet after marriage, she suspects Newland is Ellen's lover. Nonetheless, May pretends happiness before society, maintaining the illusion that she and he have the perfect marriage expected of them. Her unhappiness activates her manipulative nature, and Newland does not see it until too late. To drive Ellen away from him, May tells Ellen of her pregnancy before she is certain of it. Yet, there still is compassion in May, even in their loveless marriage's long years after Ellen's leaving. After May's death, Newland Archer learns she had always known of his continued love for Ellen; as May lay dying, she told their son Dallas that the children could always trust their father Newland, because he surrendered the thing most meaningful to him out of loyalty to their marriage.
  
   * Ellen Olenska: She is May's cousin and Mrs. Manson Mingott's granddaughter. She became a Countess by marrying Polish Count Olenski, a European nobleman. Her husband was allegedly cruel and abusive, stole Ellen's fortune and had affairs with other women and possibly even with men. When the story begins, Ellen has fled her unhappy marriage, lived in Venice with her husband's secretary, and has returned to her family in New York City, America. She is a free spirit who helps Newland Archer see beyond narrow New York society. She treats her maid, Nastasia, as an equal; offering the servant her own cape before sending her out on an errand. She attends parties with disreputable people such as Julius Beaufort and Mrs. Lemuel Struthers, and she invites Newland, the fiancé of her cousin May to visit her. Ellen suffers as much as Newland from their impossible love, but she is willing to live in emotional limbo so long as they can love each other at a distance. Ellen's love for Newland drives her important decisions: dropping divorce from Count Olenski, remaining in America, and offering Newland choice of sexual consummation only once, and then disappearing from his life. Her conscience and responsibility to family complicate her love for Newland. When she learns of May's pregnancy, Ellen immediately decides to leave America, refusing Newland's attempt to follow her to Europe, and so allow cousin May to start her family with her husband Newland.
  
   * New York City Society: Composed of powerful, wealthy families. These people follow and impose a strict, rigid code of social custom and behavior, and judge as unacceptable and disposable the people who do not follow their rules. Ellen has difficulty adapting to the behavoir that such a society thinks appropriate for a woman separated from her husband. New York society's judgment is clear; almost everyone refuses to attend the dinner party honoring Ellen's return.
  
  Minor Characters
  
   * Christine Nilsson: A famous singer who performs in an opera on the night of Archer and May's engagement. She sings in the same opera two years later.
   * Mrs. Lovell Mingott: May and Ellen's aunt, and the daughter-in-law of Mrs. Manson Mingott.
   * Lawrence Lefferts: A wealthy young man and a member of Archer's social circle. He is considered the expert on manners. Archer believes that Lefferts is behind New York society's rude refusal to attend the welcome dinner for Ellen. According to Archer, Lefferts makes a big show of his morality every time that his wife, Mrs. Lefferts, suspects that he is having an affair.
   * Sillerton Jackson: The expert on the families that make up New York society. He knows who is related to whom, and the history of every important family. Mrs. Archer and Janey invite him over for dinner when they want to catch up on gossip.
   * Julius Beaufort: An arrogant banker who tries to have an affair with Ellen. He even follows her to Skuytercliff during the weekend that Archer goes to visit Ellen. His banking business eventually fails, and he leaves New York society in disgrace.
   * Regina Beaufort: Julius Beaufort's wife and Mrs. Manson Mingott's niece. She comes to Mrs. Mingott when her husband's bank fails, to ask for a loan. Her visit causes Mrs. Mingott to have a stroke.
   * Janey Archer: Archer's dowdy, unmarried sister who never goes out and relies on Archer. She and her mother invite guests to dinner so they can gossip about New York society. Janey disapproves of Ellen, because she's unconventional and independent, and doesn't simply tolerate her husband's abuse.
   * Mrs. Archer: Archer's widowed mother. She doesn't get out to events often, but loves to hear about society. She and Janey strongly believe in the values of New York society. Like Janey, she views Ellen with suspicion.
   * Mrs. Lemuel Struthers: A woman on the fringes of New York society. She is treated with mistrust and scorn until Ellen befriends her. She eventually becomes popular; at the end of the novel, May thinks it appropriate to go to her parties.
   * Count Olenski: Ellen's husband, a dissolute aristocrat who drove Ellen away with neglect and misery. At first, Count Olenski is content to let Ellen go. Later, though, he sends his secretary to America to ask Ellen to return, with the stipulation that she only appear as his hostess occasionally. He never appears in the story, but is described as half paralyzed and very pale, with thick feminine eyelashes. He constantly cheats on Ellen, and a veiled remark of Jackson's implies that he copulates with men, too. What other abuses and infidelities he commits are unknown, but he seems quite malicious.
   * Sophy Jackson: Sillerton Jackson's unmarried sister. She is a friend of Janey and Mrs. Archer.
   * Louisa and Henry van der Luyden: Cousins of the Archers, and the most powerful people in New York society. They only mingle with people when they are trying to save society. Mrs. Archer goes to the van der Luydens after New York society snubs Ellen. They invite her to a very exclusive party in honor of the Duke of St. Austrey to show society that they support her.
   * Duke of St Austrey: A European Duke. He is the guest of honor at a dinner party thrown by the van der Luydens. Both Ellen and Archer find him dull.
   * Nastasia: Ellen's Italian maid. She invites Archer and the other guests to wait in Ellen's sitting room.
   * Mr. Letterblair: The senior partner of Archer's law firm. He gives Archer the responsibility of talking Ellen out of her plans to divorce the Count.
   * Mrs. Rushworth: The vain, foolish married woman with whom Archer had an affair before his engagement to May.
   * Ned Winsett: A journalist. He and Archer are friends, despite their different social circles. He is one of the few people with whom Archer feels that he can have a meaningful conversation. Ned Winsett challenges Archer to think of things outside of society.
   * Reggie Chivers: An important member of society. Archer spends a weekend at their country home on the Hudson River.
   * Marchioness Medora Manson: The aunt who took Ellen to Europe as a child. She now lives in Washington, where Ellen goes to take care of her. During a visit to New York, she tries to persuade Archer to convince Ellen that she should return to the Count. Beaufort's bank failure eventually ruins Mrs. Manson's fortune, and she moves back to Europe with Ellen.
   * Dr. Agathon Carver: A friend (and possible love interest) of the Marchioness Manson. Archer meets him at Ellen's house.
   * Du Lac aunts: Archer's elderly aunts. They offer their country home to May and Archer for their honeymoon.
   * Mrs. Carfry: An English acquaintance of Janey and Mrs. Archer. She invites Archer and May to a dinner party while they are on their European wedding tour.
   * M. Rivière: The French tutor of Mrs. Carfry's nephew. He fascinates Archer with his life story and intellect. Later, Archer learns that he was Count Olenski's secretary and the man who helped Ellen escape her marriage. The count sends him to Boston to try to convince Ellen to return to Europe.
   * Emerson Sillerton: An unpopular, eccentric professor who spends his summers in Newport with the rest of society. He throws a party for the Blenker family that no one wants to attend.
   * Blenker family: The unpopular, socially inferior family with whom the Marchioness and Ellen stay while in Newport. They are the guests of honor at Emerson Sillerton's party, and seems to be a clever, kind bunch.
   * Miss Blenker: The youngest daughter of the Blenker family. When Archer visits her empty family's house on the day of Sillerton's party, she is there. Archer briefly confuses her with Ellen, and she flirts with him. Through Miss Blenker, Archer learns that Ellen has gone to Boston.
   * Dallas Archer: May and Archer's eldest child. He takes his father on a trip to Europe. Through Dallas, Archer learns that May felt sorry for his empty heart after Ellen left.
   * Fanny Beaufort: Dallas Archer's fiancée and the daughter of Julius Beaufort and his second wife. She asks Dallas to visit Ellen while he and Archer are in Paris.
  
  Film, TV or theatrical adaptations
  
   * In 1924, an eponymous silent film film adaptation was released by Warner Brothers, directed by Wesley Ruggles, and starring Beverly Bayne as Countess Olenska and Elliott Dexter as Newland Archer.
  
   * In 1928, Margaret Ayer Barnes adapted the novel into a play, first produced on Broadway, starring Katharine Cornell as Countess Ellen Olenska.
  
   * In 1934, an eponymous film adaptation directed for RKO Studios by Philip Moeller (based upon the 1920 novel and 1928 play), starring Irene Dunne as Countess Ellen Olenska and John Boles as Newland Archer.
  
   * In 1993, an eponymous film adaptation, The Age of Innocence, was directed by Martin Scorsese, starring Michelle Pfeiffer as Countess Ellen Olenska, Daniel Day-Lewis as Newland Archer, Winona Ryder as May Welland Archer, Richard E. Grant, and Miriam Margolyes. Ryder won a Golden Globe Award for her portrayal of May Welland Archer, and the film won an Oscar for costume design.
  
   * Gossip Girl author Cecily Von Ziegesar modeled her hit series on Edith Wharton's The Age of Innocence. On March 16, 2009, an episode of Gossip Girl entitled "The Age of Dissonance" aired, showing the teens star in a theatrical production of The Age of Innocence with Blair as Countess Olenska, Serena as May Welland, and Dan as Newland Archer with several other characters from the show portraying minor roles in the story including Nate as Beaufort.
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