bù lāi mǔ · sī tuō kè shì 'ài 'ěr lán zhù míng xiǎo shuō jiā, bèi yù wéi “ xī xuè guǐ zhī fù ”, xiàn zài suǒ yòu de xī xuè guǐ yuán xíng jīhū dōushì tuō tāi yú tā suǒ chuàng zuò de gù shì, cóng《 xī xuè jīng qíng sì bǎi nián》 dào《 zài fǎng xī xuè guǐ》, cóng《 xī xuè guǐ nǚ wáng》 dào《 V zì tè gōng duì》 …… qí gù shì qíng jié wú bù shì jiàn lì zài tā de chuàng zuò zhī shàng, měi bù diàn yǐng dōuzài hǎo lāi wù hé quán shì jiè yǐn qǐ hōng dòng。 sī tuō kè suǒ chuàng zào de“ dé lā kù lā”, yǐ jīng chéng wéi xī xuè guǐ de dài míng cí。 běn tào zhēn cáng jí lǐ de xiǎo shuō yǐ bù tóng de kǒng bù gù shì、 bù tóng de qí tè qíng jié、 bù tóng de guǐ yì chǎng miàn, kòu rén xīn xián, céng jīng jǐn jǐn de zhuā zhù liǎo shì jiè gè dì dú zhě de hàoqí xīn, yǐn fā liǎo kǒng bù xiǎo shuō 'àihào zhě gèng guǎng kuò guài yì de xiǎng xiàng kōng jiān, xiāng xìn tā men yě néng cì jī zhōng guó dú zhě de yuè dú shén jīng。
Leslie S. Klinger, who had access to Stoker's original Dracula manuscript[3] while researching his 2008 book The New Annotated Dracula, saw evidence of "Dracula's Guest" having been deleted from the manuscript, such as a deleted sentence of Harker commenting that his throat is "still sore from the licking of the gray wolf's file-like tongue"[4] and the first and second chapters of the finished novel being labeled in the manuscript as "ii"[5] and "iii".[6] Klinger ultimately concludes the following:
And so what may we make of ["Dracula's Guest"]? Without the name "Dracula" appearing in the title and [Dracula's] message [sent to the narrator], there would be very little to connect this traveler's tale with [the novel Dracula]. The style is completely different; the narrator shares few characteristics with Jonathan Harker; and the action somehow fails to connect the story set forth in [Dracula]. However, there are numerous references in the [Dracula] Manuscript to some version of the tale eventually published as "Dracula's Guest." Most likely, a different draft — one that identified the narrator as Harker — was included in ... an early version of [the Dracula manuscript]. It may be that Stoker's publisher requested that the book be shortened, or the publisher (or Stoker) may have felt that the "stylistic" aspects of the narrative were more important than its veracity. For whatever reason, the material was excised, and only later did Stoker return to the material and work it into its published form.[7]
Plot summary
"Dracula's Guest" follows an Englishman (whose name is never mentioned but is presumed to be Jonathan Harker) on a visit to Munich before leaving for Transylvania. It is Walpurgis Night, and in spite of the hotelier's warning to not be late back, the young man later leaves his carriage and wanders toward the direction of an abandoned 'unholy' village. As the carriage departs with the frightened and superstitious driver, a tall and thin stranger scares the horses at the crest of a hill.
Upon reaching a desolate valley after a few hours, it begins to snow and as a dark storm gathers intensity, Harker takes shelter in a grove of cypress and yew trees. Harker's location is soon illuminated by moonlight to be a cemetery, and he finds himself before a marble tomb with a large iron stake driven through the roof, the inscription reads: Countess Dolingen of Gratz / in Styria / sought and found death / 1801. Inscribed on the back of the tomb "graven in great Russian letters" is: The dead travel fast.
Harker is disturbed to be in such a place on such a night and as the storm breaks anew, he is forced by hail to shelter in the doorway of the tomb. As Harker avoids the pelting hail, the bronze door of the tomb opens under his weight and a flash of forked lightning shows the interior - and a "beautiful woman with rounded cheeks and red lips, seemingly sleeping on a bier". The force of the following thunder peal throws Harker from the doorway (experienced as "being grasped as by the hand of a giant") as another lightning bolt strikes the iron spike, destroying the tomb and the now screaming woman inside.
The Englishman's troubles are not quite over, as he painfully regains his senses from the ordeal, he is repulsed by a feeling of loathing which he connects to a warm feeling in his chest and a licking at this throat. Harker summons courage to peek through his eyelashes and discovers a gigantic wolf with flaming eyes is attending him.
Military horsemen are the next to wake the semi-conscious man, chasing the wolf away with torches and guns. Some horsemen return to the main party and Harker after the chase, reporting that they had not found 'him' and that Harker's animal is: "A wolf - and yet not a wolf". They also note that blood is on the ruined tomb yet Harker's neck is un-bloodied, "See comrades, the wolf has been lying on him and keeping his blood warm", strangely later, Harker finds his neck pained when a horseman comments on it.
When Harker is taken back to his hotel by the men, he is informed that it is none other than his expectant host Dracula that has alerted his employees, the horsemen, of "dangers from snow and wolves and night" in a telegram received by the hotel in the time Harker was away.
Film, TV, and other adaptations
* David O. Selznick bought the film rights to "Dracula's Guest" and later re-sold them to Universal Studios. Universal's 1936 film Dracula's Daughter was ostensibly based on the story, although it uses nothing from the plot.[8]
* Vampyros Lesbos a 1971 erotic horror film directed by Jesus Franco was "inspired" by Bram Stoker's short story.
* A radio drama adaptation of "Dracula's Guest" was produced in 1999 by the Radio Tales series for National Public Radio.
* Bram Stoker's Dracula's Curse, a 2006 film by The Asylum, takes its title from the alternate name for Dracula's Guest, but bears little resemblance to the actual story by Bram Stoker.
* A direct-to-DVD film titled Bram Stoker's Dracula's Guest was released in 2008, though it is not an adaptation of the story and uses nothing of the plot.
* The 2008 book Dracula's Heir, written by Sam Stall, treats "Dracula's Guest" as a true story and expands it. In Dracula's Heir, the story revolves around why the chapter was removed from Dracula. The female vampire in "Dracula's Guest" is revealed to be the killer in Dracula's Heir, and the reason the chapter was removed was because she did not want her identity revealed.
* Dracula was adapted in 2009 as a five-part comic book miniseries from Dynamite Entertainment. The miniseries, titled The Complete Dracula, incorporates "Dracula's Guest" into the story.[9]
* A comic book adaptation by Stephen Antczak, James Bassett and Steven Sanders was published by Robot Comics in 2010. [10]
* Joel Surnow announced that he pitched an adaption of Dracula's Guest as a Television series to The CW and is scheduled to debut in November 2010. Bradley Cooper has been cast as the role of Dracula.
Leslie S. Klinger, who had access to Stoker's original Dracula manuscript[3] while researching his 2008 book The New Annotated Dracula, saw evidence of "Dracula's Guest" having been deleted from the manuscript, such as a deleted sentence of Harker commenting that his throat is "still sore from the licking of the gray wolf's file-like tongue"[4] and the first and second chapters of the finished novel being labeled in the manuscript as "ii"[5] and "iii".[6] Klinger ultimately concludes the following:
And so what may we make of ["Dracula's Guest"]? Without the name "Dracula" appearing in the title and [Dracula's] message [sent to the narrator], there would be very little to connect this traveler's tale with [the novel Dracula]. The style is completely different; the narrator shares few characteristics with Jonathan Harker; and the action somehow fails to connect the story set forth in [Dracula]. However, there are numerous references in the [Dracula] Manuscript to some version of the tale eventually published as "Dracula's Guest." Most likely, a different draft — one that identified the narrator as Harker — was included in ... an early version of [the Dracula manuscript]. It may be that Stoker's publisher requested that the book be shortened, or the publisher (or Stoker) may have felt that the "stylistic" aspects of the narrative were more important than its veracity. For whatever reason, the material was excised, and only later did Stoker return to the material and work it into its published form.[7]
Plot summary
"Dracula's Guest" follows an Englishman (whose name is never mentioned but is presumed to be Jonathan Harker) on a visit to Munich before leaving for Transylvania. It is Walpurgis Night, and in spite of the hotelier's warning to not be late back, the young man later leaves his carriage and wanders toward the direction of an abandoned 'unholy' village. As the carriage departs with the frightened and superstitious driver, a tall and thin stranger scares the horses at the crest of a hill.
Upon reaching a desolate valley after a few hours, it begins to snow and as a dark storm gathers intensity, Harker takes shelter in a grove of cypress and yew trees. Harker's location is soon illuminated by moonlight to be a cemetery, and he finds himself before a marble tomb with a large iron stake driven through the roof, the inscription reads: Countess Dolingen of Gratz / in Styria / sought and found death / 1801. Inscribed on the back of the tomb "graven in great Russian letters" is: The dead travel fast.
Harker is disturbed to be in such a place on such a night and as the storm breaks anew, he is forced by hail to shelter in the doorway of the tomb. As Harker avoids the pelting hail, the bronze door of the tomb opens under his weight and a flash of forked lightning shows the interior - and a "beautiful woman with rounded cheeks and red lips, seemingly sleeping on a bier". The force of the following thunder peal throws Harker from the doorway (experienced as "being grasped as by the hand of a giant") as another lightning bolt strikes the iron spike, destroying the tomb and the now screaming woman inside.
The Englishman's troubles are not quite over, as he painfully regains his senses from the ordeal, he is repulsed by a feeling of loathing which he connects to a warm feeling in his chest and a licking at this throat. Harker summons courage to peek through his eyelashes and discovers a gigantic wolf with flaming eyes is attending him.
Military horsemen are the next to wake the semi-conscious man, chasing the wolf away with torches and guns. Some horsemen return to the main party and Harker after the chase, reporting that they had not found 'him' and that Harker's animal is: "A wolf - and yet not a wolf". They also note that blood is on the ruined tomb yet Harker's neck is un-bloodied, "See comrades, the wolf has been lying on him and keeping his blood warm", strangely later, Harker finds his neck pained when a horseman comments on it.
When Harker is taken back to his hotel by the men, he is informed that it is none other than his expectant host Dracula that has alerted his employees, the horsemen, of "dangers from snow and wolves and night" in a telegram received by the hotel in the time Harker was away.
Film, TV, and other adaptations
* David O. Selznick bought the film rights to "Dracula's Guest" and later re-sold them to Universal Studios. Universal's 1936 film Dracula's Daughter was ostensibly based on the story, although it uses nothing from the plot.[8]
* Vampyros Lesbos a 1971 erotic horror film directed by Jesus Franco was "inspired" by Bram Stoker's short story.
* A radio drama adaptation of "Dracula's Guest" was produced in 1999 by the Radio Tales series for National Public Radio.
* Bram Stoker's Dracula's Curse, a 2006 film by The Asylum, takes its title from the alternate name for Dracula's Guest, but bears little resemblance to the actual story by Bram Stoker.
* A direct-to-DVD film titled Bram Stoker's Dracula's Guest was released in 2008, though it is not an adaptation of the story and uses nothing of the plot.
* The 2008 book Dracula's Heir, written by Sam Stall, treats "Dracula's Guest" as a true story and expands it. In Dracula's Heir, the story revolves around why the chapter was removed from Dracula. The female vampire in "Dracula's Guest" is revealed to be the killer in Dracula's Heir, and the reason the chapter was removed was because she did not want her identity revealed.
* Dracula was adapted in 2009 as a five-part comic book miniseries from Dynamite Entertainment. The miniseries, titled The Complete Dracula, incorporates "Dracula's Guest" into the story.[9]
* A comic book adaptation by Stephen Antczak, James Bassett and Steven Sanders was published by Robot Comics in 2010. [10]
* Joel Surnow announced that he pitched an adaption of Dracula's Guest as a Television series to The CW and is scheduled to debut in November 2010. Bradley Cooper has been cast as the role of Dracula.
jí chuán shuō zhōng de xī xuè guǐ qǐ yuán zhī yī, chū xiàn zài zhōng shì jì de 'ōu zhōu。 wèishénme dū rèn wéi xī xuè guǐ dà duō bèi jǐng shì zài zhōng shì jì de 'ōu zhōu? zhè shì yīn wéi yī běn zuì zǎo zuì jīng diǎn de xī xuè guǐ wén xué 'ér zào chéng de。 zài jiā shàng biāo zhǔn xī xuè guǐ zǒng shì zhù zài 'ōu zhōu zhōng shì jì nà zhǒng gǔ bǎo lǐ, yòu shì huó gè jǐ bǎi nián jǐ qiān nián de, ér qiě xī xuè guǐ yòu shì chāo jí huái jiù zhù yì zhě, suǒ yǐ zǒng ràng rén lián xiǎng dào 'ōu zhōu nà gè cán rěn yě mán de hēi 'àn shí dài。 ér zhè běn shū zào chéng xiàn dài xī xuè guǐ de shì BramStoker de《 xī xuè guǐ bó jué dé gǔ lā》( yīng wén《 Dracula》)。 dāng shí BramStoker zhǔn bèi xiě zhè běn xiǎo shuō zài chá yuè zī liào shí wú yì jiān fā xiàn liǎo guān yú zhè wéi yì hán 'è mó zhī yì de dà gōng de míng zì。 hòu lái jiù yòng zhè míng zì mìng míng liǎo。 ér qiě zài 'ōu zhōu lì shǐ shàng, què shí yòu dé gǔ lā zhè gè rén。 tā yǐ cán rěn 'ér chū míng。 cháng cháng jiāng zhàn fú cóng tún bù chā rù yī gēn cháng cháng de mù gùn rán hòu yī zhí chuān guò zhèng gè shēn tǐ cóng zuǐ bā chū lái, zài jiāng mù gùn gāo gāo shù lì 'ér qǐ, ràng zhàn fú zhé mó 'ér sǐ。 hòu gǎi biān chéng diàn yǐng《 xī xuè jiāng shī jīng qíng sì bǎi nián Dracula》。
zài《 dé gǔ lā》( bù lāi mǔ shǐ tuō kè de xiǎo shuō) yī shū zhōng de zhùjué dé gǔ lā, zài lì shǐ shàng shì zhēn yòu qí rén, tā de quán míng( yǐ luó mǎ ní yà yǔ fā yīn) shì fú lā dé。 zé bié sī。 tǎ gǔ lā( VladTepesDracula), dé gǔ lā zhǐ shì tā de qí zhōng yī gè wài hào。
yī sì sān yī nián shēng yú jīn luó mǎ ní yà。 qí fù fú lā dé。 tǎ gǔ lè( VladDracul) dāng shí bèi nà wéi“ lóng qí shì”( theOrderofDragon) zǔ zhì de chéng yuán。
jù luó mǎ ní yà yǔ lái fēn xī,“ tǎ gǔ lè” lái zì“ lóng” de yì sī, biǎo shì bèi nà rù lóng qí shì de zūn róng, dé gǔ lā zé shì“ lóng zhī zǐ”, hòu lái luó mǎ ní yà rén jiāng cǐ zì yǔ 'è mó zuò lián jié, shì shòu dāng shí zài luó mǎ ní yà jìng nèi de dé guó nán bù sà kè sēn rén yòng yǔ yǐng xiǎng, zhè xiē sà kè sēn rén dào luó mǎ ní yà jìng nèi duǒ bì jī huāng, xíng wéi bù jiǎn, bèi dé gǔ lā shī yǐ jí yán lì de xíng fá, gù sī xià dū rú cǐ chēng hū。
dāng shí lóng qí shì zǔ zhì jù yòu shén shèng de dì wèi, yóu jīn dé guó jìng nèi shén shèng luó mǎ dì guó huáng dì suǒ chuàng, mùdì zài xiào zhōng jiào tíng, shǐ tiān zhù jiào tú miǎn yú tǔ 'ěr qí de pò hài, dé gǔ lā yīn qí fù de xiāo yǒng shàn zhàn 'ér huò cǐ míng hào, yì yīn cǐ chéng wéi wéi duō nǎo hé pàn wǎ lā xī yà( Walachia) gōng guó de gōng jué“ fú lā dé sì shì”( VladIV)。 tā de liǎng gè chuò hào qí zhōng zhī yī shì“ dé gǔ lā”, lìng yī gè zé shì tiē pǔ( Tapes: shī yǐ mù zhuāng zhī xíng de rén)。
jù shǐ shū jìzǎi, yī sì sì 'èr nián jiān fú lā dé yǔ qí nián yòu de dì dì yīn zhèng zhì yīn sù bèi sòng wǎng 'è tú màn tǔ 'ěr qí de shǒu dū jūn shì tǎn dīng bǎo zuò wéi rén zhì, jiù zhè yàng dài liǎo liù nián。
zhè duàn qī jiān nèi, bù jǐn shì zhōu zāo chōng mǎn dí yì de huán jìng, hái xiāng jì chuán lái qí fù yǔ xiōng cháng bèi pàn biàn guì zú 'àn shā de xiāo xī, shí qī suì shí tā zài tǔ 'ěr qí sū dān de zhī chí xià, shuài jūn dǎ huí wǎ lā qí yà bìng duó huí zhèng quán, shàng tái zhī hòu dì yī jiàn shì biàn shì zhěng sù yì jǐ, shǒu duàn kē kù, yòu yòng gè zhǒng yán xíng jùn fǎ duì dài zuì fàn zhěng chì guó jiā, zuì yòu míng de jiù shì chuān cì xíng。
fú lā dé céng zài duō nǎo hé pàn duō cì dǎ bài shù bèi yú luó mǎ ní yà jūn tuán de tǔ 'ěr qí dà jūn, jiě jiù zì jǐ de guó jiā, chéng wéi luó mǎ ní yà de mín zú yīng xióng。 zài yǔ rén jiāo zhàn de shí hòu, shàn yòng“ qí xí zhàn fǎ”、“ chè dǐ de shā lù hé lüè duó”。
zhēn zhèng lìng tǔ 'ěr qí rén gǎn dào kǒng jù de shì yī sì liù 'èr nián de zhàn yì, cǐ zhàn zhōng fú lā dé bèi méng yǒu bèi pàn tuì táo zhì shǒu fǔ, dāng tǔ 'ěr qí dà jūn zhuī dǐ chéng xià shí, hè rán jiàn dào kāi zhàn shí bèi fú lǔ de liǎng wàn duō míng shì bīng, dōubèi bō guāng liǎo yī fú shì zhòng, bìng bèi huó huó de chuān chā yú cháng dá yī gōng lǐ de mù zhuāng shàng huán rào zhe chéng chí, cóng zuǐ bù huò tún bù cì jìn de bàng zǐ sì chù lín lì, wū yā hé tū yīng bù duàn de zhuó shí zhè xiē sǐ shī, shǐ zhōu wéi mí màn zhe nóng liè de fǔ chòu wèi, réng rán xiàng qián zhí jìn de tǔ 'ěr qí jūn duì, mù dǔ zhè lìng rén máo gǔ sǒng rán de qíng jǐng, mò bùwèi zhī xīn dǎn jù liè, liǎo wú zhàn dǒu yì zhì zhǐ dé chè lí。
duì yú zài fú lā dé gōng jué miàn qián bù yuàn tuō mào de tǔ 'ěr qí shǐ zhě, tā mìng lìng dào:“ jì rán bù yuàn tuō mào, nà jiù ràng tā yǒng yuǎn tuō bù xià lái。” yú shì zhè míng shǐ zhě zì tóu shàng mào dǐng chù bèi dǎ rù tiě dīng。
zhū rú cǐ lèi de gù shì, zǔ tuì liǎo qiáng dà de tǔ 'ěr qí jūn duì shǐ dé zhū jī dū jiào guó jiā miǎn yú huí jiào guó jiā de qīn lüè, tóng shí dé gǔ lā bó jué jiàn xuè fā kuáng zhī míng bù jìng 'ér zǒu, yīn cǐ“ xī xuè guǐ” de chēng hào chuán biàn 'ōu zhōu。
tā zuì hòu sǐ yú bù jiā lè sī tè jìn jiāo zhàn chǎng, yī sì qī liù nián dōng, yǐ jǐ shēn wēi xiǎo jūn lì zài wú wài yuán zhī qíng xíng xià yǔ 'è tú màn tǔ 'ěr qí dì guó dà jūn zhàn zhì zuì hòu yī bīng yī zú, tǔ 'ěr qí jūn duì hòu lái jiāng dé gǔ lā de xíng tǐ sì fēn wǔ liè, shǒu jí bèi yuǎn sòng zhì jūn shì tǎn dīng bǎo( jīn yī sī tǎn bǎo), zài luó mǎ ní yà jìng nèi de“ sī nà kě fū” xiū dào yuàn zhōng suǒ gòngfèng de zhǐ shì dé gǔ lā de líng hún。 tā shǒu hù zhe luó mǎ ní yà。
zhòu fú yè chū, cháng shēng bù lǎo, tā yīn xiǎn de miàn sè yǒng yuǎn cāng bái, měi lì de zuǐ jiǎo yǒng yuǎn cáng zhe lǎo yá hé xī shēng zhě de xiān xuè; kě shì tā yòu yī zhe kǎo jiū, bīn bīn yòu lǐ, sàn fā chū nǚ rén wú fǎ kàng jù de mèi lì。
zhè gè shì jiè shàng zuì zhù míng de xī xuè guǐ, zài yín mù shàng yě shì zuì zǒu hóng de kǒng bù míng xīng, yǐ tā wéi zhùjué de diàn yǐng bù shèng méi jǔ, dàn shì měi bù piānzǐ lǐ de dé gǔ lā bó jué yòu dōubù jìn xiāng tóng。 suǒ yǐ hái shì xiān zǒu chū diàn yǐng, kàn kàn tā de lái lóng qù mài bā。
àn zhào xī fāng chuán shuō, xī xuè guǐ shì gè bèi lí shàng dì de tè shū zhǒng zú。 yòu rén shèn zhì kǎo zhèng chū,《 shèng jīng ? jiù yuē》 jìzǎi de gāi yǐn shā yà bó shì jiàn, shì xī xuè guǐ de qǐ yuán héng héng shā liǎo qīn shēng dì dì de gāi yǐn bèi shàng dì fàng zhú, tā de hòu dài biàn zhú jiàn fán yǎn chéng wéi bù lǎo bù sǐ, kào rén xuè wéi shēng de xī xuè guǐ。 bù guò, dé gǔ lā bó jué qí shí què yòu qí rén。 jù jìzǎi, zài tā shēng huó zài gōng yuán 15 shì jì de zhōng 'ōu luó mǎ ní yà, shì wèi xiāo yǒng de zhàn shì, dàn pí qì bào lì, qí lǐng dì shàng de bǎi xìng bù kān qí kǔ。 cǐ rén sǐ hòu liú xià hěn duō chuán shuō, ér 19 shì jì 'ài 'ěr lán zuò jiā bù lā mǔ ? sī tuō kè yǐ cǐ wéi tí cái, zài zhěng lǐ dà liàng gù shì de jī chǔ shàng, zhōng yú chuàng zào chū dé gǔ lā bó jué zhè yī jīng diǎn xíng xiàng。
zǎo zài diàn yǐng gāng gāng dàn shēng de nián yuè lǐ, jiù yǐ jīng yòu rén bǎ dé gǔ lā bó jué bān shàng yín mù, qí zhōng zuì zhù míng de yào shǔ dé guó biǎo xiàn zhù yì dà shī F·W· mào nǎo pāi shè yú 1922 nián de《 nuò sī fèi lā tú》。 yǐngpiān tè shū de shè yǐng fēng gé yǔ zhù yǎn de k de chuán shén biǎo yǎn shǐ tā háo wú yí wèn dì chéng wéi lì shǐ shàng zuì jù kāi chuàng xìng de diàn yǐng zhī yī, shì yǎn xī xuè guǐ de MaxSchrec píng shí shēng huó zhōng yě mó fǎng xī xuè guǐ, shèn zhì zài guān cái zhōng jiē shòu jì zhě cǎi fǎng, yī dù yòu rén huái yí tā běn rén jiù shì yī zhǐ xī xuè guǐ。 9 nián hòu táo dé · bù lǎng níng yǐ《 nuò sī fèi lā tú》 de yuán zuò sī tuō kè de xiǎo shuō gǎi biān chéng《 xī xuè guǐ》, zhùjué BelaLugosi suǒ yíng zào de 'è mó qì fēn gěi rén liú xià shēn kè yìn xiàng, tóng shí yě shǐ tā chéng wéi lì shǐ shàng zuì zhù míng de xī xuè guǐ。 dé guó zhù míng dǎo yǎn hè 'ěr cuò gé yú 1979 nián pāi shè liǎo《 nuò sī fèi lā tú héng héng yè wǎn de yōu líng》, wéi mào nǎo de yuán zuò fù yú liǎo xīn de nèi hán, ér yī liè sī . méi lǐ gé (EliasMerhige) yě yú 2000 nián yǐ mào nǎo pāi shè cǐ piàn de guò chéng wéi jī chǔ pāi shè liǎo《 xī xuè jīng qíng》。 cǐ wài shēn rù rén xīn de biàn shì 1992 nián kē bō lā pāi shè de《 xī xuè jiāng shī jīng qíng sì bǎi nián》, yǔ F?W? mào nǎo de bù tóng zài yú, F?W? mào nǎo duì yú dé gǔ lā bó jué de xíng xiàng shì diān fù xìng de, xíng xiàng yīn sēn qiě wěi suǒ, xíng róng kū gǎo zhēng níng, yǎn shén xié 'è hěn dú, shēn tǐ yǔ lǚ què dài yòu qīn fàn xìng, kē bō lā de zhù zhǐ què zài yú hái yuán xiǎo shuō yuán zuò zhōng de dé gǔ lā bó jué de xíng xiàng。
dé gǔ lā - tè zhēng
shì xuè, bù shì yī bān de shì xuè。 tā de pà guāng yǐ jīng bù shì mì mì liǎo, tā kě néng hái pà dà suàn hé shí zì jià, dàn tā jué bù tóng yú yī bān de xī xuè guǐ, tā de 'ài qíng jiān chí liǎo jǐ bǎi nián, dàn jiù zhè yī diǎn, hé《 shén huà》 zhōng de yù shù gōng zhù yòu dé yī pīn。
dé gǔ lā - kǒng bù zhǐ shù
8 qiān wàn bié zài tā miàn qián liúxiě, nǎ pà zhǐ shì yī gè xiǎo shāng kǒu。 nǐ huì bǎ tā de xiǎo yǔ zhòu diǎn rán de, qí shí, zài gǎo qīng chǔ tā shì fǒu yǐ jīng yòng guò cān yǐ qián, nǐ zuì hǎo bù yào chū xiàn zài tā de miàn qián。 tā jiā lǐ de nà zhāng dà chuáng nǐ qiān wàn bié shuì, jìn guǎn lǐ miàn tǎng zhe ruò gān mò nī kǎ . bèi lǔ qí bān de nǚ zǐ。
Dracula has been attributed to many literary genres including vampire literature, horror fiction, the gothic novel and invasion literature. Structurally it is an epistolary novel, that is, told as a series of letters, diary entries, ships' logs, etc. Literary critics have examined many themes in the novel, such as the role of women in Victorian culture, conventional and conservative sexuality, immigration, colonialism, postcolonialism and folklore. Although Stoker did not invent the vampire, the novel's influence on the popularity of vampires has been singularly responsible for many theatrical, film and television interpretations throughout the 20th and 21st centuries.
zài《 dé gǔ lā》( bù lāi mǔ shǐ tuō kè de xiǎo shuō) yī shū zhōng de zhùjué dé gǔ lā, zài lì shǐ shàng shì zhēn yòu qí rén, tā de quán míng( yǐ luó mǎ ní yà yǔ fā yīn) shì fú lā dé。 zé bié sī。 tǎ gǔ lā( VladTepesDracula), dé gǔ lā zhǐ shì tā de qí zhōng yī gè wài hào。
yī sì sān yī nián shēng yú jīn luó mǎ ní yà。 qí fù fú lā dé。 tǎ gǔ lè( VladDracul) dāng shí bèi nà wéi“ lóng qí shì”( theOrderofDragon) zǔ zhì de chéng yuán。
jù luó mǎ ní yà yǔ lái fēn xī,“ tǎ gǔ lè” lái zì“ lóng” de yì sī, biǎo shì bèi nà rù lóng qí shì de zūn róng, dé gǔ lā zé shì“ lóng zhī zǐ”, hòu lái luó mǎ ní yà rén jiāng cǐ zì yǔ 'è mó zuò lián jié, shì shòu dāng shí zài luó mǎ ní yà jìng nèi de dé guó nán bù sà kè sēn rén yòng yǔ yǐng xiǎng, zhè xiē sà kè sēn rén dào luó mǎ ní yà jìng nèi duǒ bì jī huāng, xíng wéi bù jiǎn, bèi dé gǔ lā shī yǐ jí yán lì de xíng fá, gù sī xià dū rú cǐ chēng hū。
dāng shí lóng qí shì zǔ zhì jù yòu shén shèng de dì wèi, yóu jīn dé guó jìng nèi shén shèng luó mǎ dì guó huáng dì suǒ chuàng, mùdì zài xiào zhōng jiào tíng, shǐ tiān zhù jiào tú miǎn yú tǔ 'ěr qí de pò hài, dé gǔ lā yīn qí fù de xiāo yǒng shàn zhàn 'ér huò cǐ míng hào, yì yīn cǐ chéng wéi wéi duō nǎo hé pàn wǎ lā xī yà( Walachia) gōng guó de gōng jué“ fú lā dé sì shì”( VladIV)。 tā de liǎng gè chuò hào qí zhōng zhī yī shì“ dé gǔ lā”, lìng yī gè zé shì tiē pǔ( Tapes: shī yǐ mù zhuāng zhī xíng de rén)。
jù shǐ shū jìzǎi, yī sì sì 'èr nián jiān fú lā dé yǔ qí nián yòu de dì dì yīn zhèng zhì yīn sù bèi sòng wǎng 'è tú màn tǔ 'ěr qí de shǒu dū jūn shì tǎn dīng bǎo zuò wéi rén zhì, jiù zhè yàng dài liǎo liù nián。
zhè duàn qī jiān nèi, bù jǐn shì zhōu zāo chōng mǎn dí yì de huán jìng, hái xiāng jì chuán lái qí fù yǔ xiōng cháng bèi pàn biàn guì zú 'àn shā de xiāo xī, shí qī suì shí tā zài tǔ 'ěr qí sū dān de zhī chí xià, shuài jūn dǎ huí wǎ lā qí yà bìng duó huí zhèng quán, shàng tái zhī hòu dì yī jiàn shì biàn shì zhěng sù yì jǐ, shǒu duàn kē kù, yòu yòng gè zhǒng yán xíng jùn fǎ duì dài zuì fàn zhěng chì guó jiā, zuì yòu míng de jiù shì chuān cì xíng。
fú lā dé céng zài duō nǎo hé pàn duō cì dǎ bài shù bèi yú luó mǎ ní yà jūn tuán de tǔ 'ěr qí dà jūn, jiě jiù zì jǐ de guó jiā, chéng wéi luó mǎ ní yà de mín zú yīng xióng。 zài yǔ rén jiāo zhàn de shí hòu, shàn yòng“ qí xí zhàn fǎ”、“ chè dǐ de shā lù hé lüè duó”。
zhēn zhèng lìng tǔ 'ěr qí rén gǎn dào kǒng jù de shì yī sì liù 'èr nián de zhàn yì, cǐ zhàn zhōng fú lā dé bèi méng yǒu bèi pàn tuì táo zhì shǒu fǔ, dāng tǔ 'ěr qí dà jūn zhuī dǐ chéng xià shí, hè rán jiàn dào kāi zhàn shí bèi fú lǔ de liǎng wàn duō míng shì bīng, dōubèi bō guāng liǎo yī fú shì zhòng, bìng bèi huó huó de chuān chā yú cháng dá yī gōng lǐ de mù zhuāng shàng huán rào zhe chéng chí, cóng zuǐ bù huò tún bù cì jìn de bàng zǐ sì chù lín lì, wū yā hé tū yīng bù duàn de zhuó shí zhè xiē sǐ shī, shǐ zhōu wéi mí màn zhe nóng liè de fǔ chòu wèi, réng rán xiàng qián zhí jìn de tǔ 'ěr qí jūn duì, mù dǔ zhè lìng rén máo gǔ sǒng rán de qíng jǐng, mò bùwèi zhī xīn dǎn jù liè, liǎo wú zhàn dǒu yì zhì zhǐ dé chè lí。
duì yú zài fú lā dé gōng jué miàn qián bù yuàn tuō mào de tǔ 'ěr qí shǐ zhě, tā mìng lìng dào:“ jì rán bù yuàn tuō mào, nà jiù ràng tā yǒng yuǎn tuō bù xià lái。” yú shì zhè míng shǐ zhě zì tóu shàng mào dǐng chù bèi dǎ rù tiě dīng。
zhū rú cǐ lèi de gù shì, zǔ tuì liǎo qiáng dà de tǔ 'ěr qí jūn duì shǐ dé zhū jī dū jiào guó jiā miǎn yú huí jiào guó jiā de qīn lüè, tóng shí dé gǔ lā bó jué jiàn xuè fā kuáng zhī míng bù jìng 'ér zǒu, yīn cǐ“ xī xuè guǐ” de chēng hào chuán biàn 'ōu zhōu。
tā zuì hòu sǐ yú bù jiā lè sī tè jìn jiāo zhàn chǎng, yī sì qī liù nián dōng, yǐ jǐ shēn wēi xiǎo jūn lì zài wú wài yuán zhī qíng xíng xià yǔ 'è tú màn tǔ 'ěr qí dì guó dà jūn zhàn zhì zuì hòu yī bīng yī zú, tǔ 'ěr qí jūn duì hòu lái jiāng dé gǔ lā de xíng tǐ sì fēn wǔ liè, shǒu jí bèi yuǎn sòng zhì jūn shì tǎn dīng bǎo( jīn yī sī tǎn bǎo), zài luó mǎ ní yà jìng nèi de“ sī nà kě fū” xiū dào yuàn zhōng suǒ gòngfèng de zhǐ shì dé gǔ lā de líng hún。 tā shǒu hù zhe luó mǎ ní yà。
zhòu fú yè chū, cháng shēng bù lǎo, tā yīn xiǎn de miàn sè yǒng yuǎn cāng bái, měi lì de zuǐ jiǎo yǒng yuǎn cáng zhe lǎo yá hé xī shēng zhě de xiān xuè; kě shì tā yòu yī zhe kǎo jiū, bīn bīn yòu lǐ, sàn fā chū nǚ rén wú fǎ kàng jù de mèi lì。
zhè gè shì jiè shàng zuì zhù míng de xī xuè guǐ, zài yín mù shàng yě shì zuì zǒu hóng de kǒng bù míng xīng, yǐ tā wéi zhùjué de diàn yǐng bù shèng méi jǔ, dàn shì měi bù piānzǐ lǐ de dé gǔ lā bó jué yòu dōubù jìn xiāng tóng。 suǒ yǐ hái shì xiān zǒu chū diàn yǐng, kàn kàn tā de lái lóng qù mài bā。
àn zhào xī fāng chuán shuō, xī xuè guǐ shì gè bèi lí shàng dì de tè shū zhǒng zú。 yòu rén shèn zhì kǎo zhèng chū,《 shèng jīng ? jiù yuē》 jìzǎi de gāi yǐn shā yà bó shì jiàn, shì xī xuè guǐ de qǐ yuán héng héng shā liǎo qīn shēng dì dì de gāi yǐn bèi shàng dì fàng zhú, tā de hòu dài biàn zhú jiàn fán yǎn chéng wéi bù lǎo bù sǐ, kào rén xuè wéi shēng de xī xuè guǐ。 bù guò, dé gǔ lā bó jué qí shí què yòu qí rén。 jù jìzǎi, zài tā shēng huó zài gōng yuán 15 shì jì de zhōng 'ōu luó mǎ ní yà, shì wèi xiāo yǒng de zhàn shì, dàn pí qì bào lì, qí lǐng dì shàng de bǎi xìng bù kān qí kǔ。 cǐ rén sǐ hòu liú xià hěn duō chuán shuō, ér 19 shì jì 'ài 'ěr lán zuò jiā bù lā mǔ ? sī tuō kè yǐ cǐ wéi tí cái, zài zhěng lǐ dà liàng gù shì de jī chǔ shàng, zhōng yú chuàng zào chū dé gǔ lā bó jué zhè yī jīng diǎn xíng xiàng。
zǎo zài diàn yǐng gāng gāng dàn shēng de nián yuè lǐ, jiù yǐ jīng yòu rén bǎ dé gǔ lā bó jué bān shàng yín mù, qí zhōng zuì zhù míng de yào shǔ dé guó biǎo xiàn zhù yì dà shī F·W· mào nǎo pāi shè yú 1922 nián de《 nuò sī fèi lā tú》。 yǐngpiān tè shū de shè yǐng fēng gé yǔ zhù yǎn de k de chuán shén biǎo yǎn shǐ tā háo wú yí wèn dì chéng wéi lì shǐ shàng zuì jù kāi chuàng xìng de diàn yǐng zhī yī, shì yǎn xī xuè guǐ de MaxSchrec píng shí shēng huó zhōng yě mó fǎng xī xuè guǐ, shèn zhì zài guān cái zhōng jiē shòu jì zhě cǎi fǎng, yī dù yòu rén huái yí tā běn rén jiù shì yī zhǐ xī xuè guǐ。 9 nián hòu táo dé · bù lǎng níng yǐ《 nuò sī fèi lā tú》 de yuán zuò sī tuō kè de xiǎo shuō gǎi biān chéng《 xī xuè guǐ》, zhùjué BelaLugosi suǒ yíng zào de 'è mó qì fēn gěi rén liú xià shēn kè yìn xiàng, tóng shí yě shǐ tā chéng wéi lì shǐ shàng zuì zhù míng de xī xuè guǐ。 dé guó zhù míng dǎo yǎn hè 'ěr cuò gé yú 1979 nián pāi shè liǎo《 nuò sī fèi lā tú héng héng yè wǎn de yōu líng》, wéi mào nǎo de yuán zuò fù yú liǎo xīn de nèi hán, ér yī liè sī . méi lǐ gé (EliasMerhige) yě yú 2000 nián yǐ mào nǎo pāi shè cǐ piàn de guò chéng wéi jī chǔ pāi shè liǎo《 xī xuè jīng qíng》。 cǐ wài shēn rù rén xīn de biàn shì 1992 nián kē bō lā pāi shè de《 xī xuè jiāng shī jīng qíng sì bǎi nián》, yǔ F?W? mào nǎo de bù tóng zài yú, F?W? mào nǎo duì yú dé gǔ lā bó jué de xíng xiàng shì diān fù xìng de, xíng xiàng yīn sēn qiě wěi suǒ, xíng róng kū gǎo zhēng níng, yǎn shén xié 'è hěn dú, shēn tǐ yǔ lǚ què dài yòu qīn fàn xìng, kē bō lā de zhù zhǐ què zài yú hái yuán xiǎo shuō yuán zuò zhōng de dé gǔ lā bó jué de xíng xiàng。
dé gǔ lā - tè zhēng
shì xuè, bù shì yī bān de shì xuè。 tā de pà guāng yǐ jīng bù shì mì mì liǎo, tā kě néng hái pà dà suàn hé shí zì jià, dàn tā jué bù tóng yú yī bān de xī xuè guǐ, tā de 'ài qíng jiān chí liǎo jǐ bǎi nián, dàn jiù zhè yī diǎn, hé《 shén huà》 zhōng de yù shù gōng zhù yòu dé yī pīn。
dé gǔ lā - kǒng bù zhǐ shù
8 qiān wàn bié zài tā miàn qián liúxiě, nǎ pà zhǐ shì yī gè xiǎo shāng kǒu。 nǐ huì bǎ tā de xiǎo yǔ zhòu diǎn rán de, qí shí, zài gǎo qīng chǔ tā shì fǒu yǐ jīng yòng guò cān yǐ qián, nǐ zuì hǎo bù yào chū xiàn zài tā de miàn qián。 tā jiā lǐ de nà zhāng dà chuáng nǐ qiān wàn bié shuì, jìn guǎn lǐ miàn tǎng zhe ruò gān mò nī kǎ . bèi lǔ qí bān de nǚ zǐ。
Dracula has been attributed to many literary genres including vampire literature, horror fiction, the gothic novel and invasion literature. Structurally it is an epistolary novel, that is, told as a series of letters, diary entries, ships' logs, etc. Literary critics have examined many themes in the novel, such as the role of women in Victorian culture, conventional and conservative sexuality, immigration, colonialism, postcolonialism and folklore. Although Stoker did not invent the vampire, the novel's influence on the popularity of vampires has been singularly responsible for many theatrical, film and television interpretations throughout the 20th and 21st centuries.