首页>> 文学论坛>> 旅游记录>> 罗伯特·路易斯·史蒂文森 Robert Louis Stevenson   英国 United Kingdom   汉诺威王朝   (1850年11月13日1894年12月3日)
内河航程 An Inland Voyage
  斯蒂文森还创作了幽默风趣的游记《内河航程》、《驴背旅程》,随笔《给少男少女》和充满童心诗趣的诗集《一个孩子的诗园》等。
  
  1. Just as far-fetched a challenge was the waterborne trip he undertook in 1876, at age 26, and recounted with modesty, verve and many juicy details in Inland Voyage.—France Today (The magazine of French travel and culture)
  《内河航行记》记述了26岁的史蒂文森于1876年进行的一次水路旅行,现在要进行这一挑战则不太现实。该书语言质朴,富有感染力,情节生动有趣。——《今日法国》杂志2005年3月期 p. 26
  
  2. Robert Louis Stevenson’s inimitable book of leisurely saunterings in pleasant places, “An Inland Voyage,” is published in a new edition, convenient in shape to fit a pocket of reasonable size, and not too handsome and expensive to carry about and dip into at odd moment.—The New York Times
  《内河航行记》是史蒂文森无与伦比之作,讲述了他悠闲自在地游历令人愉快的各地的日子。……
  ——《纽约时报》1902年11月29日
  
  3. We have [in An Inland Voyage] ... a traveller whose impressions, and the fancies and reflections with which they are mixed up, are so vivid and so much his own, and whose manner in telling them is in general so happy and taking, that we read and remember his inconsiderable adventures with more pleasure than many others of much greater importance...—Sidney Colvin. (Slade professor of fine arts at Cambridge). “A review of ‘An Inland Voyage’.” The Athenaeum. 2640 (1 June 1878): 694-695. Rpt. in Nineteenth-Century Literature Criticism. Ed. Laurie Lanzen Harris and Sheila Fitzgerald. Vol. 5.
  《内河航行记》一书生动形象地勾勒出旅行者的所见所闻、以及蕴涵其中的想象与思考,体现了作者独特的个人风格。总体而言,史蒂文森怀着愉快的心情将这些娓娓道来,那么的引人入胜。因此,与那些意义重大的冒险活动相比,我们更乐意阅读并记住他独特的旅行经历。——剑桥大学斯莱德艺术教授西德尼•科尔文爵士(1878)
  
  4. Throughout the book Stevenson records his impressions and thoughts rather than the scenes or places a tourist might seek out. An Inland Voyage is emphatically not a Baedeker or a Murray guide-book. It focuses instead on the particular experiences and thoughts of the voyager. Perhaps one might say that the “inland” of the title is in some important respects the interior of Stevenson, and that the book is most appealing where it is dominated by its sense of freedom, independence, and contingency.—Gordon Hirsch. (Department of English, University of Minnesota)
  “ Robert Louis (Balfour) Stevenson. ” British Travel Writers, 1876-1909. Ed. Barbara Brothers and Julia Marie Gergits. Dictionary of Literary Biography Vol. 174. 1997.
  史蒂文森在《内河航行记》中主要记录了他的感想和思考,而不是普通游客可能会探寻的景色或景点。这显然不是一本旅游指南,而将重点放在了航行者的独特经历和人生感悟上。或许有人会说,标题中的“内河”二字在很大程度上暗指史蒂文森的内心世界,本书最吸引人之处在于自由、独立、偶然性的思想贯穿始终。——美国明尼苏达大学英语系教授戈登•赫斯基(1997)
  
  5. 史蒂文森可以说是英国文学和苏格兰文学中最优美的散文风格大师。——爱丁堡大学修辞与英国文学教授阿利斯泰尔•福勒(1979)
  Alistair Fowler (Professor of Rhetoric and English Literature in Edinburgh University).
  (原载:1979. Parables of adventure: The debatable novels of Robert Louis Stevenson. In Ian Campbell (Ed.), Nineteenth-century Scottish fiction: Critical essays (pp. 248-9). Manchester: Carcanet New Press. 转引自《斯蒂文森精选集》,文美惠 编选,山东文艺出版社,1998,编选者序pp. 2-3. 英文原文找不到)
  
  6. An Inland Voyage, moreover, is a journey not only into nature but into the self. As the literal journey is an attempt to withdraw from a restrictive society, the metaphorical journey is an acknowledgment that self-freedom is as much an attitude as an action, especially since that action is doomed to failure. A major ingredient of this attitude is humor, the playfulness of the condemned steeled to endure hardship while glorying in possibilities that obscure the inevitable end. The humor of An Inland Voyage, like so much in Stevenson, has a double role: while it entertains, it never allows the reader to forget the grim reality which inspires it.—Irving S. Saposnik (former executive director of Hillel at the University of Wisconsin). “Chapter 2: No More the Melancholy Jacques.” Robert Louis Stevenson. Twayne's English Authors Series 167. New York: Twayne Publishers, 1974.
  《内河航行记》不仅是亲近自然之旅,更是发现自我之旅。这次旅行表面上是试图逃离有种种约束的现实社会,实则承认自我的自由既是一种行动、也是一种态度,即使明知这种行动注定是要失败的。幽默是这种态度的主要组成部分……与史蒂文森的其他作品一样,《内河航行记》中的幽默具有双重作用:在提供乐子的同时,让读者难以忘记这背后的严酷现实。——美国威斯康星大学希勒尔基金前执行总监欧文•萨波尼(1974)


  An Inland Voyage (1878) is a travelogue by Robert Louis Stevenson about a canoeing trip through France and Belgium in 1876. It is Stevenson's earliest book and a pioneering work of outdoor literature.
  
  As a young man, Stevenson desired to be financially independent so that he might pursue the woman he loved, and set about funding his freedom from parental support by writing travelogues, the three most prominent being An Inland Voyage, Travels with a Donkey in the Cévennes (1879) and The Silverado Squatters (1883).
  
  Voyage was undertaken with Stevenson's English friend Sir Walter Grindlay Simpson, mostly along the Oise River from Belgium through France, in the Fall of 1876 when Stevenson was 26 years old. The first part, in Belgium, passed through heavily industrial areas and many canal locks, proving to be not much of a vacation. They then went by rail to France, starting downriver at Maubeuge and ending at Pontoise, close to the Seine. The route itinerary has become a popular route for modern travelers to re-enact with guidebooks and maps available.
  
  Stevenson (named "Arethusa" in the book after his canoe) and Simpson (called "Cigarette" along with his canoe) each had a wooden canoe rigged with a sail, comparable in style to a modern kayak, known as a "Rob Roy". They were narrow, decked, and paddled with double-bladed paddles, a style that had recently become popular in England, France, and neighboring countries, inspired by Scottish explorer John MacGregor's book A Thousand Miles in the Rob Roy Canoe (1866).
  
  Outdoor travel for leisure was unusual for the time, and the two Englishmen were often mistaken for lowly traveling salesman (a status that more than once kept them from a room for the night), but the novelty of their canoes would occasion entire villages to come out and wave along the banks with cheers of "come back soon!" A fundamentally Romantic work in style and tone, the book paints a delightful atmosphere of Europe in a more innocent time, with quirky innkeepers, traveling entertainers and puppeteers, old men who had never left their villages, ramshackle military units parading with drums and swords, and gypsy-like families who lived on canal barges.
  
  There have been several editions; a later edition adds an adventure on foot in which Stevenson is thought to be a beggar and is tossed in jail by police, and also a preface by Stevenson's future wife Fanny Vandegrift Osbourne and stepson Lloyd Osbourne, who met him on this journey.
  To equip so small a book with a preface is, I am half afraid, to sin against proportion. But a preface is more than an author can resist, for it is the reward of his labours. When the foundation stone is laid, the architect appears with his plans, and struts for an hour before the public eye. So with the writer in his preface: he may have never a word to say, but he must show himself for a moment in the portico, hat in hand, and with an urbane demeanour.
   It is best, in such circumstances, to represent a delicate shade of manner between humility and superiority: as if the book had been written by some one else, and you had merely run over it and inserted what was good. But for my part I have not yet learned the trick to that perfection; I am not yet able to dissemble the warmth of my sentiments towards a reader; and if I meet him on the threshold, it is to invite him in with country cordiality.
   To say truth, I had no sooner finished reading this little book in proof, than I was seized upon by a distressing apprehension. It occurred to me that I might not only be the first to read these pages, but the last as well; that I might have pioneered this very smiling tract of country all in vain, and find not a soul to follow in my steps. The more I thought, the more I disliked the notion; until the distaste grew into a sort of panic terror, and I rushed into this Preface, which is no more than an advertisement for readers.
   What am I to say for my book? Caleb and Joshua brought back from Palestine a formidable bunch of grapes; alas! my book produces naught so nourishing; and for the matter of that, we live in an age when people prefer a definition to any quantity of fruit.
   I wonder, would a negative be found enticing? for, from the negative point of view, I flatter myself this volume has a certain stamp. Although it runs to considerably upwards of two hundred pages, it contains not a single reference to the imbecility of God's universe, nor so much as a single hint that I could have made a better one myself.--I really do not know where my head can have been. I seem to have forgotten all that makes it glorious to be man.--'Tis an omission that renders the book philosophically unimportant; but I am in hopes the eccentricity may please in frivolous circles.
   To the friend who accompanied me I owe many thanks already, indeed I wish I owed him nothing else; but at this moment I feel towards him an almost exaggerated tenderness. He, at least, will become my reader: --if it were only to follow his own travels alongside of mine.
   R.L.S.
内河航程
  We made a great stir in Antwerp Docks. A stevedore and a lot of dock porters took up the two canoes, and ran with them for the slip. A crowd of children followed cheering. The Cigarette went off in a splash and a bubble of small breaking water. Next moment the Arethusa was after her. A steamer was coming down, men on the paddle-box shouted hoarse warnings, the stevedore and his porters were bawling from the quay. But in a stroke or two the canoes were away out in the middle of the Scheldt, and all steamers, and stevedores, and other 'long-shore vanities were left behind.
   The sun shone brightly; the tide was making--four jolly miles an hour; the wind blew steadily, with occasional squalls. For my part, I had never been in a canoe under sail in my life; and my first experiment out in the middle of this big river was not made without some trepidation. What would happen when the wind first caught my little canvas? I suppose it was almost as trying a venture into the regions of the unknown as to publish a first book, or to marry. But my doubts were not of long duration; and in five minutes you will not be surprised to learn that I had tied my sheet.
   I own I was a little struck by this circumstance myself; of course, in company with the rest of my fellow-men, I had always tied the sheet in a sailing-boat; but in so little and crank a concern as a canoe, and with these charging squalls, I was not prepared to find myself follow the same principle; and it inspired me with some contemptuous views of our regard for life. It is certainly easier to smoke with the sheet fastened; but I had never before weighed a comfortable pipe of tobacco against an obvious risk, and gravely elected for the comfortable pipe. It is a commonplace, that we cannot answer for ourselves before we have been tried. But it is not so common a reflection, and surely more consoling, that we usually find ourselves a great deal braver and better than we thought. I believe this is every one's experience: but an apprehension that they may belie themselves in the future prevents mankind from trumpeting this cheerful sentiment abroad. I wish sincerely, for it would have saved me much trouble, there had been some one to put me in a good heart about life when I was younger; to tell me how dangers are most portentous on a distant sight; and how the good in a man's spirit will not suffer itself to be overlaid, and rarely or never deserts him in the hour of need. But we are all for tootling on the sentimental flute in literature; and not a man among us will go to the head of the march to sound the heady drums.
   It was agreeable upon the river. A barge or two went past laden with hay. Reeds and willows bordered the stream; and cattle and grey venerable horses came and hung their mild heads over the embankment. Here and there was a pleasant village among trees, with a noisy shipping-yard; here and there a villa in a lawn. The wind served us well up the Scheldt and thereafter up the Rupel; and we were running pretty free when we began to sight the brickyards of Boom, lying for a long way on the right bank of the river. The left bank was still green and pastoral, with alleys of trees along the embankment, and here and there a flight of steps to serve a ferry, where perhaps there sat a woman with her elbows on her knees, or an old gentleman with a staff and silver spectacles. But Boom and its brickyards grew smokier and shabbier with every minute; until a great church with a clock, and a wooden bridge over the river, indicated the central quarters of the town.
   Boom is not a nice place, and is only remarkable for one thing: that the majority of the inhabitants have a private opinion that they can speak English, which is not justified by fact. This gave a kind of haziness to our intercourse. As for the Hotel de la Navigation, I think it is the worst feature of the place. It boasts of a sanded parlour, with a bar at one end, looking on the street; and another sanded parlour, darker and colder, with an empty bird-cage and a tricolour subscription box by way of sole adornment, where we made shift to dine in the company of three uncommunicative engineer apprentices and a silent bagman. The food, as usual in Belgium, was of a nondescript occasional character; indeed I have never been able to detect anything in the nature of a meal among this pleasing people; they seem to peck and trifle with viands all day long in an amateur spirit: tentatively French, truly German, and somehow falling between the two.
   The empty bird-cage, swept and garnished, and with no trace of the old piping favourite, save where two wires had been pushed apart to hold its lump of sugar, carried with it a sort of graveyard cheer. The engineer apprentices would have nothing to say to us, nor indeed to the bagman; but talked low and sparingly to one another, or raked us in the gaslight with a gleam of spectacles. For though handsome lads, they were all (in the Scots phrase) barnacled.
   There was an English maid in the hotel, who had been long enough out of England to pick up all sorts of funny foreign idioms, and all sorts of curious foreign ways, which need not here be specified. She spoke to us very fluently in her jargon, asked us information as to the manners of the present day in England, and obligingly corrected us when we attempted to answer. But as we were dealing with a woman, perhaps our information was not so much thrown away as it appeared. The sex likes to pick up knowledge and yet preserve its superiority. It is good policy, and almost necessary in the circumstances. If a man finds a woman admire him, were it only for his acquaintance with geography, he will begin at once to build upon the admiration. It is only by unintermittent snubbing that the pretty ones can keep us in our place. Men, as Miss Howe or Miss Harlowe would have said, 'are such ENCROACHERS.' For my part, I am body and soul with the women; and after a well- married couple, there is nothing so beautiful in the world as the myth of the divine huntress. It is no use for a man to take to the woods; we know him; St. Anthony tried the same thing long ago, and had a pitiful time of it by all accounts. But there is this about some women, which overtops the best gymnosophist among men, that they suffice to themselves, and can walk in a high and cold zone without the countenance of any trousered being. I declare, although the reverse of a professed ascetic, I am more obliged to women for this ideal than I should be to the majority of them, or indeed to any but one, for a spontaneous kiss. There is nothing so encouraging as the spectacle of self-sufficiency. And when I think of the slim and lovely maidens, running the woods all night to the note of Diana's horn; moving among the old oaks, as fancy-free as they; things of the forest and the starlight, not touched by the commotion of man's hot and turbid life--although there are plenty other ideals that I should prefer--I find my heart beat at the thought of this one. 'Tis to fail in life, but to fail with what a grace! That is not lost which is not regretted. And where--here slips out the male--where would be much of the glory of inspiring love, if there were no contempt to overcome?
首页>> 文学论坛>> 旅游记录>> 罗伯特·路易斯·史蒂文森 Robert Louis Stevenson   英国 United Kingdom   汉诺威王朝   (1850年11月13日1894年12月3日)