shǒuyè>> wénxué>> 言情>> jiǎn · ào dīng Jane Austen   yīng guó United Kingdom   hàn nuò wēi wáng cháo   (1775niánshíèryuè16rì1817niánqīyuè18rì)
ài Emma
  《 ài shì yīng guó zuò jiā 'ào tīng zuò pǐn zhōng shù xiǎng zuì chéng shú de shū zhōng miáo huì liǎo shí xìng rén zuì zhù yào de shì sān shàonǚài jiǎn fěi 'ěr fèi 'āi zhè sān shàonǚ dōuyòu 'ào dīng xiǎng zhōng de wēn róu sān měiwài biǎo tài de duān zhuāng yōu yán tán shén qíng de 'ǎi qīnxìng pǐn zhì de kuān róng zhèng zhí shǎo de qíngài mǎn qiāng róu qíng guān xīn 'ài zhe de jiā rén péng yǒufěi 'ěr fèi shēn qíng dào jīhū wéi liàn rén róng rěn qiē zhé 'āi gèng shì duō qíng de niàn nián zhī zhōng quán xīn quán 'ài shàng liǎo sān nán
   ài - zuò pǐn nèi róng
  
   ài háo jiā jìng yòurén yòu cōng yíngměi chǔyú zhè zhǒng huán jìng de rén yòu xiē jiāo shēng guàn yǎng wéi shì zài qíng zhī zhōng gāng gāng cān jiā liǎo de péng yǒubàn qián jiā tíng jiào shī tài xiǎo jiě jià gěi lín jìn de guān wéi dùn xiān shēng de hūn suī shuō zhè zhuāng hūn shì yàng yàng dōuhǎoài hái shì wéi shī hǎo yǒu 'ér 'àn tàn jīn fěi 'ěr zhǐ shèng xià qīn liǎo háo xiān shēng nián shì gāoyòu 'ài wéi suǒ shì chóu rán gěi 'ér zuò bàn 'ér
  
   háo jiā shì hǎi cūn de zài men jiā xiǎo xiǎo de péng yǒu juàn péi háo xiān shēng còu zhuō pái de zhōng lǎo nián tài tài dǎo shì shǎo shì méi yòu nián qīng xiǎo jiě néng zuò 'ài de péng yǒu xīn 'ài de tài xiǎo jiě jīn chéng liǎo wéi dùn tài tàiài wèicǐ shēn gǎn shì jiù shǐ zhì de bǎo zhī xià shì jìn xué xiào xué shēngzhù zài xiào cháng jiā nián fāng shí xiàngmào chū zhòngsuī rán zhì xiàdàn zhǐ xíng wéi què tǎo rén huānháo zuò zuòyòu guàn 'ài fèng wéi jiē suǒ tǐng chēng rén xīn
  
   shì shēng rén réng shì ài rèn wéi zhè hái néng chū shēn míng ménbiàn shǐ xiāng xìn qián jiāo wǎng de réndōu pèi shàng ài quàn dīng jiā rén duàn jué lái wǎng dīng jiā shì zhèng pài de nóng suī yòu dìng cái chǎndàn shǔ shàng liú shè huìài rèn wéi luó dīng pèi wéi biàn zhè wèi niàn zhuī qiú nián qīng de shī 'āi 'ěr dùn xiān shēng
  
   ài cóng 'āi 'ěr dùn xiān shēng de shén tài shàng pàn dìng kāi shǐ 'ài shàng biàn wéi cuō hūn yīn de jìhuà rán chéng gōngnài xiān shēng shì 'ài zài lún dūn dāng shī de jiě de néng kàn dào 'ài quē diǎn de rén wéi shǔbù duō jiù shì zhōng zhī ài de qīn guān shǐ gǎn dào 'ān gào jiè 'ài zhè zhǒng guān lùn shì duì hái shì duì dōuméi yòu hǎo chùnài xiān shēng zhī zài 'ài sǒng yǒng zhī xià jué liǎo luó dīng de qiú hūn shíjiù gèng jiā gǎn dào yōu ài dǎo shì xīn 'ān yīn wéi què xìn 'āi 'ěr dùn xiān shēng duì shí fēn zhōng qíngér héng héng zài de dòng zhī xià héng héng duì yòu tóng yàng de 'ài zhī xīn
  
   āi 'ěr dùn xiān shēng xià xiàng 'ài qiú hūnzhè shǐ 'ài měng rán xǐng rán shí dàoāi 'ěr dùn xiān shēng xiàng xiàn yīn qín shí shì chōng 'ér láiér yòu 'āi 'ěr dùn zhuī qiú yǒu de dòngquè bèi kàn chéng shì xiàng qiú hūn de biǎo shìāi 'ěr dùn de wéi shì jīng gòu tǎo yàn de liǎo zhè xiāo tòu gěi jiù gèng jiào rén xīn fán
  
   ài de shēng huó juàn yòu chū xiàn liǎo jiàn lìng rén shī wàng de shì lán qiū 'ěr yuè lái zhí dāyìng yào lái kàn wàng de qīn xīn guò mén de dàn què zài tuī chí liǎo de lái fǎng qiū 'ěr shì wéi dùn xiān shēng suǒ shēng de 'ér yòng liǎo qīn jiā de xìng shìnài xiān shēng rèn wéi zhè nián qīng rén jīn jué qīn de wèi yōu yuèài zhēng zhí liǎo láidàn xīn què tóng de kàn
  
   jìn guǎn fěi 'ěr de shè jiāo juàn méi néng shòu dào qiū 'ěr de guāng què zēng jiā liǎo jiào jiǎn fèi 'ěr de niànjiǎn shì zǒng 'ài láo láo dāo dāo de bèi xiǎo jiě de wài shēng mào měi cái shū 'ài xiāng shàng xiànài xiān shēng 'àn shìzhè jiù shì 'ài cóng lái néng jiǎn yǒu hǎo xiāng chù de yuán yīn zhī ài liǎng rén de lěng guān guī jiù jiǎn de lěng
  
   jiǎn dào hòu jiǔwéi dùn biàn jiē dào qiū 'ěr de xìnxìn zhōng yòu lìng dìng de lái fǎng zhè zhēn de lái liǎoài xiàn zhè shì wèi yīng jùn yòu yòu jiào yǎng de nián qīng rén chéng wéi háo jiā de cháng tóng shíyóu qián rèn shí jiǎn fèi 'ěr jiù duàn dào bèi jiā lái bài fǎngdàn duì zhī xiàn yīn qín de niàn què shì jiǎn 'ér shì 'ài ài míng bái wéi dùn wàng zhè qíng zhǒng néng gòu kāihuājiēguǒ
  
   yuē jiù zài zhè shí hòujiǎn shōu dào liǎo fèn hòu zhè shì jià gāng qínsòng zhě zhī rén cāi lái jiǎn de péng yǒu menjiǎn shì 'ér zhí men zhù zài dàn miàn duì jiǎn shén tài gān jiān zài wéi dùn rén gào 'ài nài xiān shēng huān bìng guān xīn jiǎn zhī hòuài huái sòng de rén jiù shì nài ài xiǎng dào nài xiān shēng jiǎn hūn pèi chéng shuāng jiù rěn shòudàn guān chá liǎng rén zài de qíng jǐng zhī hòu chū liǎo shǐ mǎn de jié lùnnài xiān shēng de dòng shì chū yǒu ér shì 'ài qíng
  
   fèi lán qiū 'ěr gāi zǒu liǎo kàn shàng yòu xiē liàn liàn bùshězài zuì hòu dào fěi 'ěr zuò shí hěn xiǎng gào 'ài jiàn yán rèn zhēn de shì qíngdàn shì 'ài suī rán rèn wéi qiū 'ěr xiǎng yào kāi kǒu xiàng biǎo bái 'ài qíngquè méi yòu xīn shì shuō chū láiyīn wéi zài 'ài de xiǎng xiàng zhōng zǒng shì jué qiū 'ěr de qiú hūnzǒng shì liǎng rén de 'ài qíng guī jié wéi píng jìng de yǒu
  
   āi 'ěr dùn xiān shēng chóngfǎn hǎi cūndài huí cāng qiú 'ài chéng hūn de xīn niànzhè wèi rén xiǎo yòu chǎn què piān piān jiáo róu zào zuò mìng gāo céng zài 'ài de quàn shuō xià duò 'ài zài xiǎng quàn jiě tuō qíng wǎng shí fēi shìdàn 'ài bàn dào de shì qíngāi 'ěr dùn xiān shēng de hūn yān què wán chéng liǎo zhōng kāi shǐ xǐng āi 'ěr dùn xiān shēng zài huì shàng duì de gèng chéng liǎo de xǐng āi 'ěr dùn xiān shēng jìng jué tiào zhè shíqīng tiào de nài xiān shēng zhù dòng yāo qǐng zuò bàn shìzài xīn zhōngāi 'ěr dùn xiān shēng de wèi zhì kāi shǐ yóu nài xiān shēng suǒ dài zhè jiàn shì lián 'ài dōubù zhī dào
  
   ài kāi shǐ kǎo xuǎn qiū 'ěr zuò de zhàng guò jué dìng zài chū cuō zhè zhuāng hūn shìchū liè de jiěài wéi zài zàn yáng qiū 'ěr shí zàn yáng de shì nài xiān shēng
  
   wéi dùn tài tài réng rán rèn wéi nài xiān shēng 'ài jiǎn fèi 'ěr zhè jiù shǐ fēn fán qīng de yuān yāng gèng jiā cuò zōng ér nài xiān shēng jué chá dào jiǎn qiū 'ěr zhī jiān yòu mǒu zhǒng yuēnài xiān shēng de cāi hòu lái dào liǎo zhèng shíqiū 'ěr xiàng wéi dùn chéng rèn jiǎn zài 10 yuè fèn jiù dìng hūnwéi dùn shǒu xiān xiǎng dào de shì 'ài men dān xīn qiū 'ěr duì 'ài de yīn qín dòng néng shǐ 'ài xiàn qíng wǎngdàn 'ài xiàng wéi dùn tài tài biǎo shì céng duì qiū 'ěr yòu diǎn hǎo gǎndàn zhè duàn yuán zǎo guò ài xiàn zài zhù yào dān xīn liǎng jiàn shì shì céng duì qiū 'ěr shuō guò xiē guān jiǎn de huà guǒ zǎo zhī dào liǎng rén jīng dìng hūnjué huì yàng zuòèr shì rèn wéi yòu dòng duò duàn néng chéng gōng de liàn qíng zhī zhōng
  
   shìdāng 'ài wěi wǎn zhè xiāo tòu gěi shíquè xiàn bìng méi yòu yīn gǎn dào 'ānliǎng rén de tán huà zǒng shì shuō dào kuàihòu lái 'ài zhōng zhī xiàn zài qīng xīn de shì qiū 'ěrér shì nài xiān shēngdāng gào 'ài yòu yóu xiāng xìn nài xiān shēng duì shì 'ài bào 'ài shíài cái rán shí dào nèi xīn de běn rén 'ài de shì nài xiān shēngxiàn zài zhēn wàng cóng lái rèn shí shǐ chú liǎo xiǎng jià gěi nài xiān shēng zhī wài hái míng báinài jié dàn shì xiāngchèn de hūn pèiér qiě hěn nán dài lái xìng
  
   ài duì zhè shì tài de yōu jiǔ biàn gào jié shùnài xiān shēng xiàng qiú hūn liǎodàn de yuán mǎn xìng yòu měi zhōng zhī dào de hūn shì huì shǐ qīn hěn gāo xīngyīn wéi lǎo rén yuàn shēng huó yòu háo de gǎi biànér qiě zài zhī jué zhōng yòu shǐ miàn lín shī wàng de ài nài xiān shēng jué dìng zhù zài fěi 'ěr zhí péi bàn qīn guò wǎn niánzhè jiù jiě jué liǎo nán zhì nài xiān shēng zhī suǒ duì guān zhùshì yīn wéi què shí xiǎng diào chá qīng chǔ niàn duì de nián qīng diàn luó dīng shì fǒu réng yòu 'ài xīnjiēguǒnài xiān shēng zhōng zài tiān zǎo shàng xuān luó dīng zài xiàng qiú hūnbìng qiě bèi jiē shòu de qián dìngài rán shí fēn gāo xīngài zǒng zhè yàng huí shǒu wǎng shì zhōu wéi de rén quándōu mén dànghù duì hūn pèi chéng qīnzhè cái shì men zhēn zhèng xìng de yào tiáo jiàn
   ài - zuò zhě jiǎn jiè
  
   ào tīng (1775-1817), 19 shì yīng guó zuì zǎo biǎo xiàn shí zhù xiǎo shuō de zuò jiāshēng yīng guó xiǎo xiāng zhèn shǐ wén dùn de shī jiā tíngjīhū cóng wèi jiē shòu guò zhèng guī jiào dàn yóu jiā tíng wén xué kōng xūn táo 'ér chéng wéi zhù míng zuò jiā zuò pǐn zhù yào miáo huì zài xiá xiǎo shēng huó juàn suǒ shú de zhōng chǎn jiē de jiā tíng shēng huóqīng nián nán de liàn 'ài hūn yīn xīn tài yòu guān chá zhìrén huà wéi miào wéi xiàopíng lùn jiān děng shù 。 20 suì zuǒ yòu kāi shǐ chuàng zuògòng biǎo 6 xiǎo shuō:《 zhì gǎn qíng》、《 ào màn piān jiàn》、《 màn fěi 'ěr huā yuán》、《 ài 》、《 nuò sāng jué 》、《 quàn dǎo》。 ào tīng zuì chū chuàng zuò shì wéi liǎo fǎn duì liú xíng xiǎo shuōhòu lái yòu fǎn yìng liǎo 18 shì 19 shì chū dāng shí wèi shòu běn zhù gōng mìng làng cháo chōng de yīng guó xiāng cūn zhōng chǎn jiē de cháng shēng huó chǎng jǐngsǎo chú liǎo dāng shí xiǎo shuō chuàng zuò de yōng fēng zài yīng guó xiǎo shuō zhǎn shǐ shàng dào liǎo chéng shàng xià de zuò yòngtóng shí 'ào tīng yòu shì gōng rèn de miáo xiě shí de zhuó yuè zuò jiā
   ài - zuò pǐn píng jià
  
   píng lùn jiā shuōài néng shì 'ào dīng zuì chéng shú de zuò pǐn zhè zuò zhě shēng qián zuì hòu chū bǎn de xiǎo shuōnéng bèi guànyǐ gāo de píng jiàhěn chéng shàng yuán zuò pǐn lái gèng wéi shēn quán miàn biǎo xiàn liǎo zuò zhě de shěn měi qíng chuàng zuò tài èr gài kuò zhī jiù shìwēn róu”。 ào dīng de shěn měi qíng zhuózhòng fǎn yìng zài xìng xíng xiàng de zào shàng
  
   dàn shìào dīng qiáng diào diǎn héng héng héng qíng děng qíng qíng de xìng shǐ shēng huó chōng mǎn wèigěi rén men kuài dàn dàn qíng chāo guò liǎo xiàn zhì kòng zhì de fàn wéi hòu jiù huì tuì biàn chéng yòu hài de qíngfàn làn de qíng shǐ 'āi cháng jìn shī liàn de tòng fěi 'ěr fèi yóu shí qíng fàn xià cuò zuò wéi chéng zài xiāng dāng cháng de shí jiān nèi méi yòu 'ān níng guò”; ài duì de měi zhǒng qíng jué xiū kuì”, shì zhù rén gōng xìng shēng huó zhōng jǐn yòu de diǎn nǎo de yuán tóuzài 'ào dīng yǎn qíng shì fáng 'ài wán měi zuì zhòng yào de yīn zhī tuī chóng wēn róu de shěn měi qíng zhí jiē yǐng xiǎng liǎo 'ào dīng de chuàng zuò tài zuò zhě jiè 'ài zhī kǒu zhè yàng shuō:“ suī rán méi yòu zhè yōu diǎn héng héng héng dàn shì dǒng zhēn shì zūn zhòng ”,《 ài de měi xíng jiān tòu chū 'ào dīng de zhēn chéng kuān hòu qiú qiú xià rén qiú zhě héng héng héng jǐn jǐn píng zhexīng 'àihàolái miáo shù shēng huóchuàng zuò duì lái shuō shì zhǒng qíng yáng qīng sōng rán de gǎn shòu chéng duì zào de měi xìng bào zhe chén de wàngdàn yòu kuān róngsuǒ cóng shěn měi shàng kàn gèdōu miáo huì 'ài bānzuì hǎo dejìn guǎn yòu xiē quē diǎn hái shì wán měi quē”; chá bēi de xiǎo fēng de mèi dàn yòu yào qiú zhě chén zhōng cháng cháng qiáng”, tiào chū shū wàiràng zhě shí dào zhè zhǐ shì xiǎng xiàng shì jièsuǒ zhì shǎo shuōào dīng huì chéng wéi zhě zuì qīn 'ài de péng yǒu
   ài - xiě zuò bèi jǐng
  
   ài ài
   cóng 18 shì dào 19 shì chūyōng liáo degǎn shāng xiǎo shuō xiǎo shuōchōng chì yīng guó wén tánér 'ào tīng de xiǎo shuō jiù xīn fǎn cháng guī zhǎn xiàn liǎo dāng shí shàng wèi shòu dào běn zhù gōng mìng chōng de yīng guó xiāng cūn zhōng chǎn jiē de cháng shēng huó tián yuán fēng guāng de zuò pǐn wǎng wǎng tōng guò xìng de chǎng miàn cháo fěng rén men de chǔn shì máng xìn děng xiào de ruò diǎnào tīng de xiǎo shuō chū xiàn zài 19 shì chū sǎo fēng xíng shí de jiǎ làng màn zhù cháo liú chéng zhǎn liǎo yīng guó 18 shì yōu xiù de xiàn shí zhù chuán tǒngwéi 19 shì xiàn shí zhù xiǎo shuō de gāo cháo zuò liǎo zhǔn bèisuī rán zuò pǐn fǎn yìng de guǎng shēn yòu xiàndàn de zuò pǐn liǎng cùn diāo”, cóng xiǎo chuāng kǒu zhōng kuī shì dào zhěng shè huì xíng tài rén qíng shì duì gǎi biàn dāng shí xiǎo shuō chuàng zuò zhōng de yōng fēng liǎo hǎo de zuò yòngzài yīng guó xiǎo shuō de zhǎn shǐ shàng yòu chéng shàng xià de bèi wéi wèi suō shì píng píng zuòde zuò jiā


  Emma, by Jane Austen, is a novel about the perils of misconstrued romance. The novel was first published in December 1815. As in her other novels, Austen explores the concerns and difficulties of genteel women living in Georgian-Regency England; she also creates a lively 'comedy of manners' among her characters.
  
  Before she began the novel, Austen wrote, "I am going to take a heroine whom no-one but myself will much like." In the very first sentence she introduces the title character as "Emma Woodhouse, handsome, clever, and rich." Emma, however, is also rather spoiled; she greatly overestimates her own matchmaking abilities; and she is blind to the dangers of meddling in other people's lives and is often mistaken about the meanings of others' actions.
  
  Plot summary
  
  Although convinced that she herself will never marry, Emma Woodhouse, a precocious twenty-year-old resident of the village of Highbury, imagines herself to be naturally gifted in conjuring love matches. After self-declared success at matchmaking between her governess and Mr. Weston, a village widower, Emma takes it upon herself to find an eligible match for her new friend, Harriet Smith. Though Harriet’s parentage is unknown, Emma is convinced that Harriet deserves to be a gentleman’s wife and sets her friend’s sights on Mr. Elton, the village vicar. Meanwhile, Emma persuades Harriet to reject the proposal of Robert Martin, a well-to-do farmer for whom Harriet clearly has feelings.
  
  Harriet becomes infatuated with Mr. Elton under Emma’s encouragement, but Emma’s plans go awry when Elton makes it clear that his affection is for Emma, not Harriet. Emma realizes that her obsession with making a match for Harriet has blinded her to the true nature of the situation. Mr. Knightley, Emma’s brother-in-law and treasured friend, watches Emma’s matchmaking efforts with a critical eye. He believes that Mr. Martin is a worthy young man whom Harriet would be lucky to marry. He and Emma quarrel over Emma’s meddling, and, as usual, Mr. Knightley proves to be the wiser of the pair. Elton, spurned by Emma and offended by her insinuation that Harriet is his equal, leaves for the town of Bath and marries a young woman there almost immediately.
  
  Emma is left to comfort Harriet and to wonder about the character of a new visitor expected in Highbury—Mr. Weston’s son, Frank Churchill. Frank is set to visit his father in Highbury after having been raised by his aunt and uncle in London, who have also adopted him as their heir. Emma knows nothing about Frank, who has long been deterred from visiting his father by his aunt’s illnesses and complaints. Mr. Knightley is immediately suspicious of the young man, especially after Frank rushes back to London merely to have his hair cut. Emma, however, finds Frank delightful and notices that his charms are directed mainly toward her. Though she plans to discourage these charms, she finds herself flattered and engages in a flirtation with the young man. Emma greets Jane Fairfax, another addition to the Highbury set, with less enthusiasm. Jane is beautiful and accomplished, but Emma dislikes her because of her reserve and, the narrator insinuates, because she is jealous of Jane.
  
  Suspicion, intrigue, and misunderstandings ensue. Mr. Knightley defends Jane, saying that she deserves compassion because, unlike Emma, she has no independent fortune and must soon leave home to work as a governess. Mrs. Weston suspects that the warmth of Mr. Knightley’s defense comes from romantic feelings, an implication Emma resists. Everyone assumes that Frank and Emma are forming an attachment, though Emma soon dismisses Frank as a potential suitor and imagines him as a match for Harriet. At a village ball, Knightley earns Emma’s approval by offering to dance with Harriet, who has just been humiliated by Mr. Elton and his new wife. The next day, Frank saves Harriet from Gypsy beggars. When Harriet tells Emma that she has fallen in love with a man above her social station, Emma believes that she means Frank. Knightley begins to suspect that Frank and Jane have a secret understanding, and he attempts to warn Emma. Emma laughs at Knightley’s suggestion and loses Knightley’s approval when she flirts with Frank and insults Miss Bates, a kindhearted spinster and Jane’s aunt, at a picnic. When Knightley reprimands Emma, she weeps.
  
  News comes that Frank’s aunt has died, and this event paves the way for an unexpected revelation that slowly solves the mysteries. Frank and Jane have been secretly engaged; his attentions to Emma have been a screen to hide his true preference. With his aunt’s death and his uncle’s approval, Frank can now marry Jane, the woman he loves. Emma worries that Harriet will be crushed, but she soon discovers that it is Knightley, not Frank, who is the object of Harriet’s affection. Harriet believes that Knightley shares her feelings. Emma finds herself upset by Harriet’s revelation, and her distress forces her to realize that she is in love with Knightley. Emma expects Knightley to tell her he loves Harriet, but, to her delight, Knightley declares his love for Emma. Harriet is soon comforted by a second proposal from Robert Martin, which she accepts. The novel ends with the marriage of Harriet and Mr. Martin and that of Emma and Mr. Knightley, resolving the question of who loves whom after all.
  Principal characters
  
  Emma Woodhouse, the protagonist of the story, is a beautiful, high-spirited, intelligent, and 'slightly' spoiled young woman of 21. Her mother died when she was very young, and she has been mistress of the house ever since, certainly since her older sister got married. While she is in many ways mature for her age, Emma makes some serious mistakes, mainly due to her conviction that she is always right and her lack of real world experience. Although she has vowed she will never ever marry, she delights in making matches for others. She seems unable to fall in love, until jealousy makes her realize that she has loved Mr Knightley all along.
  
  Mr George Knightley, about 37 or 38. He is a close friend of Emma, and her only critic, though he cares deeply for her. Mr Knightley is the owner of the neighbouring estate of Donwell, which includes extensive grounds and a farm. He is the elder brother of Mr John Knightley—the husband of Emma's elder sister Isabella. Mr Knightley is very annoyed with Emma for persuading Harriet to turn down Mr Martin, thinking that the advantage is all on Harriet's side; he also warns Emma against matchmaking Harriet with Mr Elton, correctly guessing that Mr Elton has a much higher opinion of himself. He is suspicious of Frank Churchill and his motives; although his suspicion turns out to be based mainly on jealousy of the younger man, his instincts are proven correct by the revelation that Frank Churchill is not all that he seems.
  
  Mr Frank Churchill, Mr Weston's son by his previous marriage, an amiable young man who manages to be liked by everyone except Mr Knightley, who considers him quite immature, although this partially results from his jealously of Frank's supposed 'pursuit' of Emma. After his mother's death he was raised by his wealthy aunt and uncle, whose last name he took. Frank enjoys dancing and music and living life to the fullest. Frank may be viewed as a careless but less villainous version of characters from other Austen novels, such as Mr Wickham from Pride and Prejudice or Willoughby from Sense and Sensibility.
  
  Jane Fairfax, an orphan whose only family consists of an aunt, Miss Bates, and a grandmother, Mrs Bates. She is regarded as a very beautiful, clever, and elegant woman, with the best of manners, and is also very well-educated and exceptionally talented at singing and playing the piano; in fact, she is the sole person that Emma envies. She has little fortune, however, and seems destined to become a governess – a prospect she dislikes.
  
  Harriet Smith, a young friend of Emma's, is a very pretty but unsophisticated girl who is too easily led by others, especially Emma; she has been educated at a nearby school. The illegitimate daughter of initially unknown parents, she is revealed in the last chapter to be the daughter of a fairly rich and decent tradesman, although not a "gentleman". Emma takes Harriet under her wing early in the novel, and she becomes the subject of some of Emma's misguided matchmaking attempts. Harriet initially rebuffs a marriage proposal from farmer Robert Martin because of Emma's belief that he is beneath her, despite Harriet's own doubtful origins. She then develops a passion for Mr Knightley, which is the catalyst for Emma realising her own feelings. Ultimately, Harriet and Mr Martin are wed, despite Emma's meddling.
  
  Philip Elton is a good-looking, well mannered and ambitious young vicar. Emma wants him to marry Harriet; he wants to marry Emma. Mr Elton displays his mercenary nature by quickly marrying another woman of means after Emma's rejection.
  
  Augusta Elton, formerly Miss Hawkins, is Mr Elton's moneyed but obnoxious wife. She is a boasting, domineering, pretentious woman who likes to be the centre of attention and is generally disliked by Emma and her circle. She patronizes Jane, which earns Jane the sympathy of others.
  
  Mrs Anne Weston, formerly Miss Taylor, was Emma's governess for sixteen years and remains her closest friend and confidante after she marries Mr Weston in the opening chapter. She is a sensible woman who adores Emma. Mrs Weston acts as a surrogate mother to her former charge and, occasionally, as a voice of moderation and reason.
  
  Mr Weston, a recently wealthy man living in the vicinity of Hartfield. He marries Emma's former governess, Miss Taylor, and by his first marriage is father to Frank Churchill, who was adopted and raised by his late wife's brother and sister-in-law. Mr Weston is a sanguine, optimistic man, who enjoys socializing.
  
  Miss Bates, a friendly, garrulous spinster whose mother, Mrs Bates, is a friend of Mr Woodhouse. Her accomplished niece, Jane Fairfax, is the light of her life. One day, Emma humiliates her on a day out in the country, when she pointedly alludes to her tiresome prolixity. Afterward, Mr Knightley sternly rebukes Emma. Shamed, she tries to make amends.
  
  Mr Henry Woodhouse, Emma's father, is always concerned for his own health and that of his friends, to the point of trying to deny his visitors foods he thinks too rich. He laments that "poor Isabella" and "poor Miss Taylor" have married and been taken away from him.
  
  Isabella Woodhouse is the elder sister of Emma and daughter of Henry. She is married to John Knightley.
  
  John Knightley is Isabella's husband and George's younger brother. He is an old acquaintance of Jane Fairfax.
  Criticism and themes
  
  Emma Woodhouse is the first Austen heroine with no financial concerns, which, she declares to the naïve Miss Smith, is the reason that she has no inducement to marry. This is a great departure from Austen's other novels, in which the quest for marriage and financial security are two of several themes in the stories. Emma's ample financial resources are one of the factors that make this novel much lighter than Austen's earlier works, such as Sense and Sensibility and Pride and Prejudice. Jane Fairfax's prospects, in contrast, are bleak.
  
  In contrast to other Austen heroines Emma seems immune to romantic attraction . Unlike Marianne Dashwood, who is attracted to the wrong man before she settles on the right one, Emma shows no romantic interest in the men she meets. She is genuinely surprised (and somewhat disgusted) when Mr Elton declares his love for her—much in the way Elizabeth Bennet singularly reacts to the obsequious Mr Collins. Her fancy for Frank Churchill represents more of a longing for a little drama in her life than a longing for romantic love. Notably too, Emma utterly fails to understand the budding affection between Harriet Smith and Robert Martin; she interprets the prospective match solely in terms of financial settlements and social ambition. It is only after Harriet Smith reveals her interest in Mr Knightley that Emma realizes her own feelings for him.
  
  While Emma differs strikingly from Austen's other heroines in these two respects, she resembles Elizabeth Bennet and Anne Elliot, among others, in another way: she is an intelligent young woman with too little to do and no ability to change her location or everyday routine. Though her family is loving and her economic status secure, Emma's everyday life is dull indeed; she has few companions her own age when the novel begins. Her determined though inept matchmaking may represent a muted protest against the narrow scope of a wealthy woman's life, especially that of a woman who is single and childless.
  Film and television adaptations
  
  Emma has been the subject of many adaptations:
  
   * 1948: Emma
   * 1972: Emma (BBC 1972 television), starring Doran Godwin as Emma.
   * 1995: Clueless (a loose modern adaptation), starring Alicia Silverstone as Cher Horowitz (Emma).
   * 1996: Emma, starring Gwyneth Paltrow as Emma.
   * 1996: Emma, starring Kate Beckinsale as Emma.
   * 2009: Emma, starring Romola Garai as Emma.
   * 2010: Aisha, starring Sonam Kapoor as Aisha (Emma - Hindi language Version), produced by Rhea Kapoor
zhāng
  ài · háo xiǎo jiě duān zhuāng cái mǐn jiéshēng xìng huān jiā jìng kuān fǎng shàng cāng jiāng zuì měi hǎo de 'ēn zhōng shī shēn liǎo zài zhè shì jiè jīng shēng huó liǎo jiāng jìn 'èr shí nián shǎo zāo dào nǎo huò shāng xīn de shì qíng
   shì liǎng mèi zhōng nián yòu de qīn shì wèi 'ài xīn rénduì 'ér jiāo guàn 'àijiě jiě chū jià hòu zǎo zǎo biàn dān dāng jiā tíng zhù rén de juésè qīn hěn jiǔ qián jiù shì liǎo qīn de 'ài jǐn jǐn gěi liú xià diǎn 'ér shí fēn de wèi jié chū de jiā tíng jiào shī tián liǎo qīn de kòngquē jǐyǔ de 'ài jué wèi qīn
   tài xiǎo jiě zài háo jiā shēng huó jīng yòu shí liù nián jǐn shì jiā tíng jiào shīgèng shì zhè jiā tíng de péng yǒu fēi cháng 'ài liǎng wèi niànyóu huān 'ài zài men liǎng rén zhī jiānjiě mèi qīn qíng shèng shī shēng guān tài xiǎo jiě wēn shǐ zài yuán lái zhí jiào shí nán qiáng jiā shénmexiàn zàijiào shī de quán wēi zǎo yān xiāo yún sàn men jiù xiàng xiāng wéi mìng de péng yǒu yàng shēng huó zài áimà huān zuò shénme wán quán yóu zhe de xìng láisuī rán gāo zūn zhòng tài xiǎo jiě de pàn duàndàn shì jué dìng zhù yào yóu zuò zhù…( chù yòu 45 tōng shùn
   bēi 'āi jiàng lín liǎo héng héng jǐn jǐn shì qīng wēi de bēi 'āi 'ér héng héng 'ér qiě hái shì tòng de fāng shì jiàng lín de héng héng tài xiǎo jiě chū jià liǎoshǒu xiān gǎn dào de shì shī tài xiǎo jiě de bēi shāngzài zhè wèi qīn 'ài de péng yǒu jié hūn de ài cái zuò xià bēi 'āi de xiǎng xiàng zhe wèi láihūn guò hòu xīn rén fàn zhuō shàng zhǐ shèng xià qīn néng zhǐ wàng yòu sān rén zài màn cháng de wǎn lái huó yuè fēn qīn fàn hòu biān zào zǎo shàng chuáng 'ān zhǐ yòu zài qián tòng de sǔn shī
   de péng yǒu zài zhè zhuāng hūn yīn zhōng miàn lín zhe zhǒng zhǒng xìng de qián jǐngwéi dùn xiān shēng de pǐn xiè cái chǎn nián shì zhōngtài qiān ài xiǎng dào xiàng lái wàng běn zhe shēng jīng shén kāng kǎi de yǒu chéng zhè zhuāng hūn yīnjiù gǎn dào xiē mǎn dàn shì tiān zǎo shàng de huó dòng duì lái shuō què shì yīn deměi tiān de měi shí chén gǎn dào yào tài xiǎo jiě huí xiáng de yīn róng xiào mào héng héng shí liù nián lái zhí yàng 'ǎi xiáng héng héng suì biàn kāi shǐ jiào shòu zhī shípéi zuò yóu héng héng huí zài jiàn kāng shí gòng xiàn chū quán néng wèile shǐ gāo xīng 'ér shí shí xiāng bàn héng héng zài yòu nián shēng zhǒng bìng shí gèng shì bǎi bān zhào liào wēi zhìwèicǐ xīn zhōng shí cháng yáng gǎn zhī qíngzài suō bèi chū jià hòu de nián jiānjiā zhǐ shèng xià men liǎng rénliǎng rén píng děng xiāng dàiháo bǎo liú gèng shì qīnqiè měi hǎo de huí shì fēi cháng nán de péng yǒu jiā bàn yòu cái huázhī shí fēng zhù réntài qiān duì jiā tíng de qiēdōu liǎo zhǐ zhǎngduì jiā guān xīn de suǒ yòu shì quándōu shí fēn gǎn xīng héng héng 'ài jìn jiāng de zhǒng niàn tóu tǒng tǒng qīng gěi ér jué duì huì xiàn de 'ài huì chǎn shēng rèn xiá
   gāi rěn shòu zhè zhǒng gǎi biàn cuò de péng yǒu kāi men jǐn jǐn bàn yīng yuǎndàn shì 'ài shí dàobàn yīng zhī wài de wéi dùn tài tài dìng zhè suǒ fáng zhōng wèi tài xiǎo jiě yòu zhe tiān rǎng zhī biéjìn guǎn tiān shēng biàn yòu yōu yuè gǎnhòu lái gèng jiā qiáng liǎo yōu yuè shírán 'ér què miàn lín jīng shén de wēi xiǎn 'ài de qīndàn shì bìng shì de bàn lùn jìn xíng zhì de hái shì dòu de jiāo tán dōuwú gēn shàng de
   yóu háo xiān shēng qīn shí nián qīng zhī jiān nián líng de hóng gōu bèi de lǎo tài guàn chèn tuō de gèng jiā xiǎn zhù zhōng shēng bìng chán shēn néng duàn liàn shēn xiá péi yǎng xīn zhì shì wèi lǎo biàn xiān shuāisuī rán de yǒu shàn xīn líng men de chù chù wén míng mào yíng rén men 'àidàn de tiān zài rèn shí hòu dōuwú shòu dào gōng wéi rén jiào lái jiě jiě bìng suàn jià hěn yuǎnjǐn jǐn shì zhù zài jiā shí liù yīng wài de lún dūnrán 'ér bìng néng měi suí lái fǎng zài fèi 'ěr zhái 'áo guò shí yuè duō màn cháng de wǎnzuì hòu cái néng zài shèng dàn jié qián pàn lái suō bèi men de hái xiǎng shòu rén jiāo wǎng de yuè
   hǎi shì guī jiē jìn chéng zhèn de cūn jìn guǎn fèi 'ěr zhái yòu de cǎo píngguàn cóng de míng chēngdàn shì shí shǔ hǎi rán 'érzài zhè quán cūn zhǎo dào néng de zhǐ huī xiāng pèi de bàn háo jiā shì dāng de wàng wéi zhòng suǒ zhǔyóu qīn shì wèi gōng rèn de qiān qiān jūn zài cūn biàn yòu duō shú rénrán 'ér zhè xiē shú rén zhōng méi yòu wèi néng dài tài xiǎo jiě jǐn jǐn shì bàn tiān xíngmiàn duì zhè lìng rén yōu de biàn huàài chú liǎo luàn xiǎng zhī wàiméi yòu rèn bàn hǎo xiǎngzhí dào qīn xǐng lái cái qiáng zhuāng chū huān de múyàng de jīng shén yào yòu rén zhī chí shì shén jīng zhì de nán rényòu jīng shén yōu de qīng xiàng 'ài gēn shú de rèn rén jiāo wǎngzài fēn shǒu de shí hòu zǒng shì gǎn dào hěn nán guò tǎo yàn rèn biàn huàyóu hūn yīn shì biàn huà zhī yuánsuǒ cóng lái jiù zàn chéng qīn 'ér de hūn yīn zhì jīn néng dào de rèn ruò shì chū tóng qíng jué huì jìn guǎn shì 'ài de jié xiàn zài yòu tài xiǎo jiě fēn shǒu shì shāo yòu xiē guàn de réngēn běn néng xiǎng xiàng bié rén néng gēn yòu tóng xiǎng qīng xiàng rèn wéi tài xiǎo jiě zuò liǎo jiàn lìng rén shāng xīn de shì rèn wéi de shēng zhěng zài fèi 'ěr guò yào xìng de duōài wēi xiào zhejìn liàng jìn xíng kuài de jiāo tán biàn jiāng de cóng zhè wèn shàng zhuǎn kāidàn shìchá diǎn duān shàng lái shíquè gēn běn zhǐ bùchà zhòng cān shí jiǎng guò de huà
  “ lián de tài xiǎo jiě! -- zhēn wàng néng chóngfǎn zhè wéi dùn xiān shēng zěn me huì de niàn tóuzhè duō !”
  “ néng tóng de kàn shí zài néng tóng wéi dùn xiān shēng shì jié chū de nán rén me huī xié 'àijué duì pèi wèi xián huì de xiàn zài yòu liǎo de jiānán dào hái néng gēn men shēng huó zài róng rěn de zhǒng zhǒng guāi ?”
  “ de jiā de jiā yòu shénme hǎozhè jiā sān bèizài shuō de qīn bǎo bèi jué duì méi yòu rèn guāi 'ā。”
  “ men yīngdāng jīng cháng bài fǎng men men yīngdāng cháng cháng lái kàn men men yīngdāng cháng lái cháng wǎng men kāi shǐ zhè yàng zuòjīng kuài zào fǎng zhè duì xíng hūn de bàn 。”
  “ ā de lǎo tiān néng zǒu me yuǎn 'ālǎng dào zhái zhè 'ér me yuǎn lián bàn zǒu wán。”
  “ zěn me shuí xiǎng yào qīn xíng men dāng rán yào chéng chē 。”
  “ chéng chē shì wèile zǒu zhè me diǎn zhān shì huì huān tào chē men bài fǎng de shí hòu lián de 'ér gāi dài zài shénme fāng ?”
  “ men shuān zài wéi dùn de jiù 'ā men zǎo jiě jué liǎo zhè wèn zuó tiān wǎn shàng men jīng wéi dùn xiān shēng tán guò zhè shìzhì zhān shì gǎn kěn dìng yǒng yuǎn huān dào lǎng dào zhái yīn wéi de 'ér zhèng zài zuò néng kěn dìng de zhǐ shì chú liǎo fāng shì shì huān sòng men dào fāng shì de gōng láo gěi liǎo hàn fèn féi quēyào shì hàn shuí huì xiǎng dào -- zhān shì duì mǎn xīn gǎn !”
  “ zhēn gāo xīng dāng shí xiǎng liǎo zhēn shì xìng yùnyīn wéi yuàn ràng lián de zhān shì zài rèn qíng kuàng xià gǎn dào rén děnglìng wài xiāng xìn huì shì míng hǎo yōng rén shì zhǐ yán tán mào de niàn duì de píng jià hěn gāo lùn rèn shí hòuzhǐ yào kàn dào biàn huì xiāng dāng yōu de tài xiàng xíng qǐng 'ānér qiě jiào lái zhè 'ér lái zuò gōng de shí hòu zhù dào cóng lái yòng zhèng què de fāng shì zhuàndòng mén niǔcóng shuāi xiǎng mén néng kěn dìng huì chéng wéi míng liǎo de yōng rénduì lián de tài xiǎo jiě lái shuōshēn biān yòu shú de rén gāi shì duō de 'ān wèi 'ā zhī dàoshì yào zhān shì kàn de 'ér jiù néng tīng dào men de xiāo huì men jiā de qíng kuàng gào de。”
   ài qīn wěi wěi dào chū zhè xiē lìng rén kuài de xiǎng ér qiě hái wàng jiè zhù ràng qīn guò wǎn shàng de shí guāng 'ér gǎn dào yàn juàn yào hàn cáng jìn nèi xīn yuàn rèn kuài de shì zhuō jīng bǎi hǎodàn shì jiù biàn háo yào wèi rén lái zào fǎng liǎo
   nài xiān shēng shì yòu zhì de rénnián yuē sān shí suì jǐn shì zhè jiā tíng qīn de lǎo péng yǒuér qiě yóu shì suō bèi zhàng de xiōng chángbiàn zhè jiā tíng yòu céng shū de guān jiā hǎi cūn yuē li yuǎn shì zhè jiā tíng de cháng zǒng shì shòu dào huān yíng píng shí gèng shòu huān yíngyīn wéi shì zhí jiē cóng lún dūn men gòng tóng de qīn lái wài chū tiān fǎn huí hòujīn tiān fàn chīde hěn wǎnxiàn zài dào fèi 'ěr de zhái lái tōng bào shuōzhù zài lún ruì guǎng chǎng biān de jiā rén quándōu 'àn hàozhè shì kuài de xiāo háo xiān shēng shì xīng fèn liǎo zhèn nài xiān shēng de huān qíng cóng láidōu néng ràng gǎn dào kuài xiē guān lián de suō bèi guān hái men de wèn quándōu dào zuì lìng rén mǎn de zhī qiē jié shù hòu háo xiān shēng běn zhèng jīng de píng lùn shuō dào
  “ nài xiān shēngfēi cháng gǎn xiè nín zhè me wǎn liǎo hái lái kàn wàng men zhēn dān xīn zài shàng dān jīng shòu 。”
  “ gēn běn huìxiān shēngjīn wǎn yuè guāng jiǎo jié míng liàngér qiě shí fēn nuǎnhuosuǒ zhè zhè wàng huǒ xiē。”
  “ shì shàng dìng fēi cháng cháo shī nìng wàng zhì zháoliáng。”
  “ nìngxiān shēngkàn kàn de xié shàng miàn lián diǎn 'ér dōuméi zhān shàng。”
  “ āi yōuzhè jiù guài liǎo men chī zǎo fàn shí zhè 'ér xià guò tǐng de yòu bàn xiǎo shí xià de liǎo shèn zhì xiǎng quàn men tuī chí hūn 。”
  “ shùn biàn shuō shuō -- hái méi yòu xiàng men dào wán quán liǎo jiě men zài yàn zhe zěn yàng de tòng suǒ jiù xiàng men dào liǎo guò wàng jiādōu yǒng rěn shòuràng zhè shì píng jìng de guò jiā zěn me yàng 'āshuí zuì xiōng?”
  “ ā lián de tài xiǎo jiězhēn shì zhuāng bēi shāng de shì。”
  “ qǐng men yuán liàng háo xiān shēng háo xiǎo jiě jué duì huì shuō lián de tài xiǎo jiě duì nín 'ài wéi zūn jìngzhǐ yòu zài fùhè wèn shàng shì wài guǎn zěn me shuōràng rén mǎn yào ràng liǎng réndōu mǎn yào róng de duō。”
  “ yóu shì liǎng rén dāng zhōng hái yòu shàn kōng xiǎng rén nǎo huǒ!” ài yàn dào。“ zhī dào zhè jiù shì nǎo de xiǎng -- guǒ qīn zài chǎng kěn dìng huì kāi kǒu zhè me shuō de。”
  “ xiāng xìn zhēn shì zhè yàng deqīn 'ài dezhēn de,” háo xiān shēng tàn liǎo kǒu shuō,“ kǒng yòu shí fēi cháng shàn kōng xiǎngshí zài rén nǎo huǒ。”
  “ zuì qīn 'ài de zhì rèn wéi zhēn de zhè me xiǎng huì rèn wéi nài xiān shēng huì yòu zhè zhǒng xiǎng duō me de niàn tóuò shì zhè yàng de shuō de shì zhī dào denài xiān shēng huān tiǎo de máo bìng -- shì wán xiào -- quán shì zài kāi wán xiào men jiāo tán cóng lái shì xiǎng shuō shénme jiù shuō shénme。”
   díquènài xiān shēng shǔ hěn shǎo wèi néng kàn chū 'ài · háo zhī chù de rénér qiě shì wéi yuàn gào zhè xiē de rénjìn guǎn 'ài bìng shí fēn huān zhè zhǒng háirán 'ér zhī dào qīn tīng liǎo huì gǎn dào gèng jiā kuàisuǒ shèn zhì yuàn qīn shāo shāo cāi dào jiā rèn wéi bìng wán měi xiá
  “ ài zhī dào cóng lái fèng chéng ,” nài xiān shēng shuō,“ dàn bìng fēi zhǐ rèn réntài xiǎo jiě jīng guàn ràng liǎng rén gǎn dào mǎn xiàn zài zhǐ shèng wèi zhào liàosuǒ zhǔn néng cóng zhōng huò 。”
  “ wèi,” ài yuàn fàng guò zhè shì tán,“ yào xiǎng tīng tīng hūn de shì hěn gāo xīng xiǎng jiǎng shùyīn wéi men jiā de zhǐ quándōu yōu měi réndōu zhǔn shí chū měi réndōu zhǎn shì chū zuì jiā miàn màoméi yòu liú guò yǎn lèi jīhū méi yòu kàn dào cháng de miàn kǒngā shì men jiādōu gǎn dào zhǐ guò fēn kāi bàn yīng de xiāng xíng měi tiān huì jiàn miàn de。”
  “ ài qīn qīn duì rèn qíng kuàng dōunéng rěn shòu liǎo,” qīn shuō dào。“ shìnài xiān shēng shī lián de tài xiǎo jiě shí fēi cháng shāng xīn néng kěn dìng zhǔn huì xiǎng niàn de dìng xiǎng xiàng de chéng shēn de duō。”
   ài niǔ zhuǎn liǎnqiáng zhuàng chū wēi xiàoquè zhǐ zhù yǒng chū lèi shuǐ
  “ ài néng xiǎng niàn yàng wèi bàn ,” nài xiān shēng shuō,“ jiǎ xiǎng niàn de huà men qián huì yàng huān liǎodàn shì zhī dào zhè zhuāng hūn yīn duì tài xiǎo jiě yòu duō me de yòu zhī dào tài xiǎo jiě zhè suì shù shàngyōng yòu de jiā tíng zhǔn shì qiú zhī de shì zhī dào tài xiǎo jiě néng guò yòu bǎo zhàng de shū shì shēng huó shì duō me zhòng yàoyīn zhǔn huì ràng de bēi shāng dǎo yuètài xiǎo jiě de měi wèi péng yǒu kàn dào hūn yīn xìng dìng huì gǎn dào gāo xīng。”
  “ wàng diào de jiàn shì,” ài shuō,“ ér qiě shì jiàn fēi cháng zhòng yào de shì -- shì běn rén cóng zhōng qiān de xiàn zhī dào shì zài nián qián zuò de méidāng shí duō rén shuō wéi dùn xiān shēng jué huì zài hūn hái shì chéng liǎo zhè zhuāng shìméi yòu shénme zhè shì gèng ràng qiè liǎo。”
   nài xiān shēng chòngzhe yáo liǎo yáo tóu qīn de huí dào:“ āqīn 'ài de zhēn wàng méi zuò guò shénme méi méi yòu yán guò shénme shì qíngyīn wéi shuō de huà huì chéng wéi xiàn shíqiú bié zài gěi rén zuò méi liǎo。”
  “ bǎo zhèng gěi zuò méidàn shì wéi rén zuò méizhè shì shì jiè shàng zuì de shì bié shì zài chéng gōng zhī hòu! -- jiādōu shuōwéi dùn xiān shēng jué duì huì zài hūn liǎoātiān shì wéi dùn xiān shēng jīng jīng guān liǎo zhè me jiǔkàn shàng méi yòu guò de shū shì liǎozǒng shì máng kāi jiāo shì zài chéng mái tóu zuò shēng jiù shì gēn zhè de péng yǒu men xiāo shí guāng lùn dào 'ér gěi rén dài huān shòu dào jiā huān yíng -- guǒ wéi dùn xiān shēng yuàn de huà nián zhōng lián wǎn yòng zhe guòxiū shì wéi dùn xiān shēng dāng rán jué duì huì zài hūnyòu xiē rén shèn zhì fēng chuán zài qián céng guò shìlìng wài xiē chuán yán shuō shì 'ér jiù zhǔn zài hūnguān zhè shì yòu guò shì yàng běn zhèng jīng de huà yàng xiāng xìn nián qián de tiān tài xiǎo jiě zài bǎi lǎo huì dào tiān xià liǎo méng méng yīn qín páo kāicóng nóng chǎng zhù qiē 'ěr wèiwǒ men jiè lái liǎng sǎn dāng shí biàn dìng liǎo zhù zhǐ cóng shí jiù zhì dìng hǎo liǎo zuò méi jìhuàqīn 'ài de zài zhè jiàn shì qíng shōu huò de chéng gōng zhì rèn wéi huì jiù fàng zuò méi 。”
  “ míng bái shuō dechéng gōng’, shì shénme ,” nài xiān shēng shuō。“ chéng gōng wèi zhe jìn xíng guò fèn dǒujiǎ shuō fèn dǒu liǎo nián cái chéng zhè zhuāng hūn yīn me de shí jiān jiù huā qià dào hǎo chù shí fēn zhōu dào guòzhào xiǎng xiàng suǒ wèi de zuò méi zhǐ guò shì wéi zhè shì zuò liǎo diǎn chóuhuà 'ér zài xián liáo de yán shuō:‘ jué guǒ wéi dùn xiān shēng yào tài xiǎo jiě de huàduì tài xiǎo jiě lái shuō shì zài hǎo guò de shì qíng liǎo。’ hòu guò zhèn jiù zhè me yán fān -- yòu shénme chéng gōng yán de gōng zàiyòu shénme zhí háo guò yùn hǎo pèng qiǎo cāi zhōng me fēi 'ér 。”
   nán dào cóng lái méi yòu huì guò cāi zhōng de yuè lián yuàn wéi cōng míng de duōhǎi xiàng lái pèng qiǎo cāi zhōng bìng jǐn jǐn shì yùn 'ér zhōng dìng bāo hán zhe tiān yòng liǎo lián yǎnchéng gōng’, jiù ràng zhuā zhù fángméi xiǎng dào duì zhè wán quán méi yòu shǐ yòng quán miáo huì liǎo liǎng huà -- guò rèn wéi hái yòu sān -- jiè shénme zuò shénme zuò zhī jiānjiǎ ruò méi yòu chéng wéi dùn xiān shēng lái zuò méi yòu gěi duō wēi miào de méi yòu zài duō wèn shàng yuán chǎnghuò gēn běn jiù huì yòu rèn jiēguǒ rèn wéi xiāng dāng shú fèi 'ěr de zhái rán hòu cái néng jiě zhè shì。”
  “ wèi xiàng wéi dùn yàng chéng shí 'ér zhí shuài de nán rén tài xiǎo jiě zhǒng zhì 'ér shí de rén dān zài tài rán yìng men guān xīn de shì qíng shè jiān zuò de shì qíng néng duì men běn chùér qiě néng duì hái hěn yòu hài 。”
  “ ài bāng zhù bié rén shí cóng lái kǎo ,” háo xiān shēng jiě zhōng wèichóngxīn jìn men de jiāo tán。“ dàn shì qīn 'ài deqǐng bié zài rén zuò méi liǎo dàn shì fàn shǎér qiě yán zhòng huài rén jiā de jiā tíng shēng huó。”
  “ zài zuò jǐn jǐn 'āi 'ěr dùn xiān shēng zuò xiū lián de 'āi 'ěr dùn xiān shēng huān 'āi 'ěr dùn xiān shēng de wèitā wèi hǎi cūn méi yòu rén pèi de shàng zài zhè 'ér jīng shēng huó liǎo zhěng zhěng nián fáng 'ān dùn de me shū shìzài shēn rén guò xià jiǎn zhí tài liǎo men jīn tiān shǒu de shí hòu biàn chǎn shēng liǎo zhè yàng de xiǎng kàn shàng fǎng bié wàng jiē shòu tóng yàng de shì 'āi 'ěr dùn xiān shēng de yìn xiàng hěn hǎozhǐ shì zuò diǎn gòng xiàn de wéi fāng 。”
  “ āi 'ěr dùn xiān shēng shì fēi cháng piào liàng de nián qīng rénér qiě shì fēi cháng hǎo de qīng nián duì wéi zūn zhòngdàn shìqīn 'ài decháng ruò yuàn xiàng biǎo shì guān xīn jiù qǐng gǎi tiān lái men gòng jìn cān jiàngshì gèng hǎo de fāng shì mào mèi shuōnài xiān shēng gāo xīng jiàn 。”
  “ wéi gāo xīngsuí shí ,” nài xiān shēng xiào dào。“ hái tóng nín de shuō jiāng shì gèng hǎo de fāng shìài qǐng lái chī fàn qǐng chī zuì shàng děng de róu ròuzhì shuō yào liú dài xuǎn xiāng xìn 'èr shí liù suì de nán rén huì zhào liào de。”


  Emma Woodhouse, handsome, clever, and rich, with a comfortable home and happy disposition, seemed to unite some of the best blessings of existence; and had lived nearly twenty-one years in the world with very little to distress or vex her.
   She was the youngest of the two daughters of a most affectionate, indulgent father; and had, in consequence of her sister's marriage, been mistress of his house from a very early period. Her mother had died too long ago for her to have more than an indistinct remembrance of her caresses; and her place had been supplied by an excellent woman as governess, who had fallen little short of a mother in affection.
   Sixteen years had Miss Taylor been in Mr. Woodhouse's family, less as a governess than a friend, very fond of both daughters, but particularly of Emma. Between _them_ it was more the intimacy of sisters. Even before Miss Taylor had ceased to hold the nominal office of governess, the mildness of her temper had hardly allowed her to impose any restraint; and the shadow of authority being now long passed away, they had been living together as friend and friend very mutually attached, and Emma doing just what she liked; highly esteeming Miss Taylor's judgment, but directed chiefly by her own.
   The real evils, indeed, of Emma's situation were the power of having rather too much her own way, and a disposition to think a little too well of herself; these were the disadvantages which threatened alloy to her many enjoyments. The danger, however, was at present so unperceived, that they did not by any means rank as misfortunes with her.
   Sorrow came--a gentle sorrow--but not at all in the shape of any disagreeable consciousness. --Miss Taylor married. It was Miss Taylor's loss which first brought grief. It was on the wedding-day of this beloved friend that Emma first sat in mournful thought of any continuance. The wedding over, and the bride-people gone, her father and herself were left to dine together, with no prospect of a third to cheer a long evening. Her father composed himself to sleep after dinner, as usual, and she had then only to sit and think of what she had lost.
   The event had every promise of happiness for her friend. Mr. Weston was a man of unexceptionable character, easy fortune, suitable age, and pleasant manners; and there was some satisfaction in considering with what self-denying, generous friendship she had always wished and promoted the match; but it was a black morning's work for her. The want of Miss Taylor would be felt every hour of every day. She recalled her past kindness--the kindness, the affection of sixteen years--how she had taught and how she had played with her from five years old--how she had devoted all her powers to attach and amuse her in health--and how nursed her through the various illnesses of childhood. A large debt of gratitude was owing here; but the intercourse of the last seven years, the equal footing and perfect unreserve which had soon followed Isabella's marriage, on their being left to each other, was yet a dearer, tenderer recollection. She had been a friend and companion such as few possessed: intelligent, well-informed, useful, gentle, knowing all the ways of the family, interested in all its concerns, and peculiarly interested in herself, in every pleasure, every scheme of hers--one to whom she could speak every thought as it arose, and who had such an affection for her as could never find fault.
   How was she to bear the change?--It was true that her friend was going only half a mile from them; but Emma was aware that great must be the difference between a Mrs. Weston, only half a mile from them, and a Miss Taylor in the house; and with all her advantages, natural and domestic, she was now in great danger of suffering from intellectual solitude. She dearly loved her father, but he was no companion for her. He could not meet her in conversation, rational or playful.
   The evil of the actual disparity in their ages (and Mr. Woodhouse had not married early) was much increased by his constitution and habits; for having been a valetudinarian all his life, without activity of mind or body, he was a much older man in ways than in years; and though everywhere beloved for the friendliness of his heart and his amiable temper, his talents could not have recommended him at any time.
   Her sister, though comparatively but little removed by matrimony, being settled in London, only sixteen miles off, was much beyond her daily reach; and many a long October and November evening must be struggled through at Hartfield, before Christmas brought the next visit from Isabella and her husband, and their little children, to fill the house, and give her pleasant society again.
   Highbury, the large and populous village, almost amounting to a town, to which Hartfield, in spite of its separate lawn, and shrubberies, and name, did really belong, afforded her no equals. The Woodhouses were first in consequence there. All looked up to them. She had many acquaintance in the place, for her father was universally civil, but not one among them who could be accepted in lieu of Miss Taylor for even half a day. It was a melancholy change; and Emma could not but sigh over it, and wish for impossible things, till her father awoke, and made it necessary to be cheerful. His spirits required support. He was a nervous man, easily depressed; fond of every body that he was used to, and hating to part with them; hating change of every kind. Matrimony, as the origin of change, was always disagreeable; and he was by no means yet reconciled to his own daughter's marrying, nor could ever speak of her but with compassion, though it had been entirely a match of affection, when he was now obliged to part with Miss Taylor too; and from his habits of gentle selfishness, and of being never able to suppose that other people could feel differently from himself, he was very much disposed to think Miss Taylor had done as sad a thing for herself as for them, and would have been a great deal happier if she had spent all the rest of her life at Hartfield. Emma smiled and chatted as cheerfully as she could, to keep him from such thoughts; but when tea came, it was impossible for him not to say exactly as he had said at dinner,
   "Poor Miss Taylor!--I wish she were here again. What a pity it is that Mr. Weston ever thought of her!"
   "I cannot agree with you, papa; you know I cannot. Mr. Weston is such a good-humoured, pleasant, excellent man, that he thoroughly deserves a good wife;--and you would not have had Miss Taylor live with us for ever, and bear all my odd humours, when she might have a house of her own?"
   "A house of her own!--But where is the advantage of a house of her own? This is three times as large. --And you have never any odd humours, my dear. "
   "How often we shall be going to see them, and they coming to see us!--We shall be always meeting! _We_ must begin; we must go and pay wedding visit very soon. "
   "My dear, how am I to get so far? Randalls is such a distance. I could not walk half so far. "
   "No, papa, nobody thought of your walking. We must go in the carriage, to be sure. "
   "The carriage! But James will not like to put the horses to for such a little way;--and where are the poor horses to be while we are paying our visit?"
   "They are to be put into Mr. Weston's stable, papa. You know we have settled all that already. We talked it all over with Mr. Weston last night. And as for James, you may be very sure he will always like going to Randalls, because of his daughter's being housemaid there. I only doubt whether he will ever take us anywhere else. That was your doing, papa. You got Hannah that good place. Nobody thought of Hannah till you mentioned her--James is so obliged to you!"
   "I am very glad I did think of her. It was very lucky, for I would not have had poor James think himself slighted upon any account; and I am sure she will make a very good servant: she is a civil, pretty-spoken girl; I have a great opinion of her. Whenever I see her, she always curtseys and asks me how I do, in a very pretty manner; and when you have had her here to do needlework, I observe she always turns the lock of the door the right way and never bangs it. I am sure she will be an excellent servant; and it will be a great comfort to poor Miss Taylor to have somebody about her that she is used to see. Whenever James goes over to see his daughter, you know, she will be hearing of us. He will be able to tell her how we all are. "
   Emma spared no exertions to maintain this happier flow of ideas, and hoped, by the help of backgammon, to get her father tolerably through the evening, and be attacked by no regrets but her own. The backgammon-table was placed; but a visitor immediately afterwards walked in and made it unnecessary.
   Mr. Knightley, a sensible man about seven or eight-and-thirty, was not only a very old and intimate friend of the family, but particularly connected with it, as the elder brother of Isabella's husband. He lived about a mile from Highbury, was a frequent visitor, and always welcome, and at this time more welcome than usual, as coming directly from their mutual connexions in London. He had returned to a late dinner, after some days' absence, and now walked up to Hartfield to say that all were well in Brunswick Square. It was a happy circumstance, and animated Mr. Woodhouse for some time. Mr. Knightley had a cheerful manner, which always did him good; and his many inquiries after "poor Isabella" and her children were answered most satisfactorily. When this was over, Mr. Woodhouse gratefully observed, "It is very kind of you, Mr. Knightley, to come out at this late hour to call upon us. I am afraid you must have had a shocking walk. "
   "Not at all, sir. It is a beautiful moonlight night; and so mild that I must draw back from your great fire. "
   "But you must have found it very damp and dirty. I wish you may not catch cold. "
   "Dirty, sir! Look at my shoes. Not a speck on them. "
   "Well! that is quite surprising, for we have had a vast deal of rain here. It rained dreadfully hard for half an hour while we were at breakfast. I wanted them to put off the wedding. "
   "By the bye--I have not wished you joy. Being pretty well aware of what sort of joy you must both be feeling, I have been in no hurry with my congratulations; but I hope it all went off tolerably well. How did you all behave? Who cried most?"
   "Ah! poor Miss Taylor! 'Tis a sad business. "
   "Poor Mr. and Miss Woodhouse, if you please; but I cannot possibly say `poor Miss Taylor. ' I have a great regard for you and Emma; but when it comes to the question of dependence or independence!--At any rate, it must be better to have only one to please than two. "
   "Especially when _one_ of those two is such a fanciful, troublesome creature!" said Emma playfully. "That is what you have in your head, I know--and what you would certainly say if my father were not by. "
   "I believe it is very true, my dear, indeed, " said Mr. Woodhouse, with a sigh. "I am afraid I am sometimes very fanciful and troublesome. "
   "My dearest papa! You do not think I could mean _you_, or suppose Mr. Knightley to mean _you_. What a horrible idea! Oh no! I meant only myself. Mr. Knightley loves to find fault with me, you know-- in a joke--it is all a joke. We always say what we like to one another. "
   Mr. Knightley, in fact, was one of the few people who could see faults in Emma Woodhouse, and the only one who ever told her of them: and though this was not particularly agreeable to Emma herself, she knew it would be so much less so to her father, that she would not have him really suspect such a circumstance as her not being thought perfect by every body.
   "Emma knows I never flatter her, " said Mr. Knightley, "but I meant no reflection on any body. Miss Taylor has been used to have two persons to please; she will now have but one. The chances are that she must be a gainer. "
   "Well, " said Emma, willing to let it pass--"you want to hear about the wedding; and I shall be happy to tell you, for we all behaved charmingly. Every body was punctual, every body in their best looks: not a tear, and hardly a long face to be seen. Oh no; we all felt that we were going to be only half a mile apart, and were sure of meeting every day. "
   "Dear Emma bears every thing so well, " said her father. "But, Mr. Knightley, she is really very sorry to lose poor Miss Taylor, and I am sure she _will_ miss her more than she thinks for. "
   Emma turned away her head, divided between tears and smiles. "It is impossible that Emma should not miss such a companion, " said Mr. Knightley. "We should not like her so well as we do, sir, if we could suppose it; but she knows how much the marriage is to Miss Taylor's advantage; she knows how very acceptable it must be, at Miss Taylor's time of life, to be settled in a home of her own, and how important to her to be secure of a comfortable provision, and therefore cannot allow herself to feel so much pain as pleasure. Every friend of Miss Taylor must be glad to have her so happily married. "
   "And you have forgotten one matter of joy to me, " said Emma, "and a very considerable one--that I made the match myself. I made the match, you know, four years ago; and to have it take place, and be proved in the right, when so many people said Mr. Weston would never marry again, may comfort me for any thing. "
   Mr. Knightley shook his head at her. Her father fondly replied, "Ah! my dear, I wish you would not make matches and foretell things, for whatever you say always comes to pass. Pray do not make any more matches. "
   "I promise you to make none for myself, papa; but I must, indeed, for other people. It is the greatest amusement in the world! And after such success, you know!--Every body said that Mr. Weston would never marry again. Oh dear, no! Mr. Weston, who had been a widower so long, and who seemed so perfectly comfortable without a wife, so constantly occupied either in his business in town or among his friends here, always acceptable wherever he went, always cheerful-- Mr. Weston need not spend a single evening in the year alone if he did not like it. Oh no! Mr. Weston certainly would never marry again. Some people even talked of a promise to his wife on her deathbed, and others of the son and the uncle not letting him. All manner of solemn nonsense was talked on the subject, but I believed none of it.
   "Ever since the day--about four years ago--that Miss Taylor and I met with him in Broadway Lane, when, because it began to drizzle, he darted away with so much gallantry, and borrowed two umbrellas for us from Farmer Mitchell's, I made up my mind on the subject. I planned the match from that hour; and when such success has blessed me in this instance, dear papa, you cannot think that I shall leave off match-making. "
   "I do not understand what you mean by `success, '" said Mr. Knightley. "Success supposes endeavour. Your time has been properly and delicately spent, if you have been endeavouring for the last four years to bring about this marriage. A worthy employment for a young lady's mind! But if, which I rather imagine, your making the match, as you call it, means only your planning it, your saying to yourself one idle day, `I think it would be a very good thing for Miss Taylor if Mr. Weston were to marry her, ' and saying it again to yourself every now and then afterwards, why do you talk of success? Where is your merit? What are you proud of? You made a lucky guess; and _that_ is all that can be said. "
   "And have you never known the pleasure and triumph of a lucky guess?-- I pity you. --I thought you cleverer--for, depend upon it a lucky guess is never merely luck. There is always some talent in it. And as to my poor word `success, ' which you quarrel with, I do not know that I am so entirely without any claim to it. You have drawn two pretty pictures; but I think there may be a third--a something between the do-nothing and the do-all. If I had not promoted Mr. Weston's visits here, and given many little encouragements, and smoothed many little matters, it might not have come to any thing after all. I think you must know Hartfield enough to comprehend that. "
   "A straightforward, open-hearted man like Weston, and a rational, unaffected woman like Miss Taylor, may be safely left to manage their own concerns. You are more likely to have done harm to yourself, than good to them, by interference. "
   "Emma never thinks of herself, if she can do good to others, " rejoined Mr. Woodhouse, understanding but in part. "But, my dear, pray do not make any more matches; they are silly things, and break up one's family circle grievously. "
   "Only one more, papa; only for Mr. Elton. Poor Mr. Elton! You like Mr. Elton, papa, --I must look about for a wife for him. There is nobody in Highbury who deserves him--and he has been here a whole year, and has fitted up his house so comfortably, that it would be a shame to have him single any longer--and I thought when he was joining their hands to-day, he looked so very much as if he would like to have the same kind office done for him! I think very well of Mr. Elton, and this is the only way I have of doing him a service. "
   "Mr. Elton is a very pretty young man, to be sure, and a very good young man, and I have a great regard for him. But if you want to shew him any attention, my dear, ask him to come and dine with us some day. That will be a much better thing. I dare say Mr. Knightley will be so kind as to meet him. "
   "With a great deal of pleasure, sir, at any time, " said Mr. Knightley, laughing, "and I agree with you entirely, that it will be a much better thing. Invite him to dinner, Emma, and help him to the best of the fish and the chicken, but leave him to chuse his own wife. Depend upon it, a man of six or seven-and-twenty can take care of himself. "
'èr zhāng
  wéi dùn xiān shēng chū shēn hǎi xiāng shēn mén de jiā zài guò de liǎng sān dài zhōng zhú jiàn lěi cái chéng wéi miàn de shàng liú rén jiā shòu guò liáng hǎo de jiào zǎo nián jiē shòu dào xiǎo chǎn shí hòuyàn juàn liǎo xiōng men cóng shì de jiā chuán tǒng shēng suì cóng jūn xiào guó jiā huó huān kuài de tiān xìng zhōng shè jiāo huó dòng de xìng yīn 'ér dào mǎn
   wéi dùn shàng wèi shì guǎng shòu 'ài de rén jiè jūn duì huó dòng zhī biàn yòu huì jié shí liǎo yuē jùn wàng -- qiū 'ěr jiā de xiǎo jiěqiū 'ěr xiǎo jiě 'ài shàng méi yòu ràng rèn rén gǎn dào wàizhǐ yòu de xiōng sǎo gǎn chī jīng men cóng lái wèi mǒu guò miàndàn shì zhè duì shì qīng gāoào màn de rèn wéizhè zhǒng guān duì men de wèi shì zhǒng mào fàn
   rán 'érqiū 'ěr xiǎo jiě jīng chéng niánduì de cái chǎn xiǎng yòu zhù quán -- de cái chǎn zài jiā chǎn zhōng suǒ zhàn shèn xiǎo -- shuí de quàn shuō xiū xiǎng zhǐ zhè zhuāng hūn shìjiēguǒ hūn zài qiū 'ěr xiān shēng qiū 'ěr tài tài duān nǎo hèn de qíng kuàng xià xíng hòuliǎng rén biàn miàn de fāng shì jiāng zhú chū jiā ménzhè zhuāng hūn shì bìng shì méi yòu dài lái duō shǎo xìng yīn wéi xīn 'ér shàn liáng de zhàng duì zuò chū de shēng de 'ài xiàng miàn miàn dào de guān huái lái huí bàorán 'érjìn guǎn zhǒng jīng shénquè bìng bèi zhǒng zhǒng zuì jiā pǐn zhì yòu gòu jiān dìng de jué xīn xiōng cháng de fǎn duì jiān chí de yuàndàn shìxiōng cháng háo dào de fèn chū xīn zhōng qíng de hànquè shì de jué xīn suǒ deduì guò jiā de shē huá shēng huó huái niàn zhī qíng men guò zhe zhī chū shōu de shēng huó shǐ 'ēn kāng zhái de shēng huó xiāng bìng lùn bìng méi yòu qíng bié liàndàn shì xiǎng zuò wéi dùn shàng wèi de yòu xiàng tóng shí zuò 'ēn kāng zhái de qiū 'ěr xiǎo jiě
   wéi dùn shàng wèi zài jiā de xīn zhōng -- yóu zài qiū 'ěr jiā rén de xīn zhōng -- shì mén dāng duì de jiā 'ǒujiēguǒ zhèng míngzhè zōng jiāo zāo gāo zhī zhì de hūn hòu de sān nián shì shí hūn qián gèng jiā pín hánér qiě hái yǎng hái guò jiǔ jiù yòng zhe wéi yǎng hái de fèi yòng cāo xīn liǎohái hòu lái chéng liǎo jiě de shǐ zhě qīn cháng bìng tòng ruǎn huà liǎo xiōng sǎo de qiáng yìng tài jiā shàng qiū 'ěr xiān shēng tài tài jiā méi yòu wǎn bèi gōng men zhào shì hòu jiǔ men biàn chū duì lán de qiē quán pán sàng 'ǒu hòu de qīn rán huì shēng chū zhǒng zhǒng qíng yuàndàn shì kǎo zhàn liǎo shàng fēnghái biàn bèi sòng dào yòu de qiū 'ěr jiā jiē shòu zhào liào xiàn zài zhǐ zhuī qiú shēn de shū shì zhǐ yòu de jìng yào jìn gǎi shàn
   de shēng huó yīcháng chè gǎi biàn biàn róng cóng shāng xiōng zài lún dūn jīng diàn dìng liǎo jiān shí de shāng chǔ yīn 'ér huò kāi de yòu tiáo jiàn zhǐ shì xiǎo diàngāng néng bǎo zhèng yòu shì zuò zài hǎi yòu suǒ xiǎo fáng de duō shù xián xiá shí jiù zài guòzài fán máng de shì jiāo yǒu de huān shí guāng gēngdié zhī jiān yòu kuài de guò liǎo shí dào 'èr shí niándào liǎo zhè shí hòu de cái chǎn jiàn chōng yíng -- gòu mǎi xià hǎi xiāng lín de xiǎo piàn chǎn shí cháng lái wàng dào de -- gòu wèi xiàng tài xiǎo jiě zhǒng méi yòu péi jià de rén jié hūnrán hòu suí zhe de yuànyóu zhe běn rén de yǒu hǎo 'ér shàn shè jiāo de xìng shēng huó xià 。。
   tài xiǎo jiě kāi shǐ yǐng xiǎng de jìhuà jīng yòu xiē shí dàn bìng shì nián qīng rén duì nián qīng rén suǒ shī jiā de zhǒng tǒng zhì xìng de yǐng xiǎngbìng méi yòu dòng yáo mǎi xià lǎng dào zhái qián dìng zhōng shēng de jué xīn jiù pàn wàng gòu mǎi lǎng dào zhái xīn zhōng huái zhe zhè biāowěn zhā wěn gān xià zhí dào shǐ zhī chéng wéi xiàn shí huò liǎo shǔ de cái mǎi dào liǎo fáng dào liǎo kāi shǐ liǎo xīn shēng huó qián rèn shí yòu huò gèng duō xìng de huì cóng lái jiù shì kuài de rénzhè shì de xìng shǐ rán shǐ zài de hūn yīn zhōng shì zhè yàngdàn shì de 'èr hūn yīn zhǔn néng xiàng zhèng míng wéi huì yǎn 'ǎi qīn de rén néng gěi duō de yuè néng xiàng zhèng míng zhù dòng xuǎn bèi duì fāng xuǎn zhōng yào kuài de duōshǐ duì fāng chǎn shēng gǎn zhī qíng gǎn duì fāng gèng jiā kuài
   huān zuò shénme suí de xīn yuàn de cái chǎn wán quán shǔ zhì lán jīng jìng jìng shì xīn zhào xuān zuò wéi jiù jiù de dào péi yǎnglǐng yǎng guān jīng gōng kāi shēng míng guòbìng qiě yào zài chéng nián shǐ yòng qiū 'ěr de xìng shìyīn yào qīn bāng zhù de néng xìng wēi wēi qīn duì háo dān yōu wèi jiù shì wèi kuò hàn de rén shí shí zài zài tǒng zhì zhě de zhàng wéi dùn xiān shēng rán xiàng chū shǐ hàn duì qīn 'ài de rén yòu néng yòu shénme hài xiāng xìn men zhī jiān de qīn qíng shì suǒ dāng rán de měi nián dōuyào zài lún dūn jiàn 'ér miànbìng qiě wèitā gǎn dào háo xiàng hǎi shuō de 'ér jīng shì biāo zhì de nián qīng rén jiā yědōu gǎn dào mǒu zhǒng jiāo 'ào jiādōu rèn wéi wán quán shǔ běn de de chéng jiù wèi lái shì jiā guān xīn de nèi róng lán · qiū 'ěr xiān shēng chéng liǎo hǎi zhòng duō zhí kuā yào de shì qíng zhī wàng jiàn dào de hàoqí xīn jiàn jiàn níng chéng jiā de xīn shìrán 'ér zhǒng zhǒng gōng wéi shòu dào de huì bào de wàng miǎo máng zhí jìng cóng wèi guāng lín jiā cháng cháng tán jiāng bài fǎng qīndàn zhè shì cóng lái méi yòu chéng wéi xiàn shí
   xiàn zài jiā biàn rèn wéi qīn xīn hūn diàn shì zuì zhí guān zhù de shì jiànér lái bài fǎng yīngdāng chénghángzài zhè wèn shàng jiā méi yòu rèn tóng jiàn lùn shì zài pèi tài tài bèi tài tài bèi xiǎo jiě gòng jìn chá diǎn shíhái shì zài bèi tài tài bèi xiǎo jiě huí fǎng shídōuméi yòu xiàn zài lán · qiū 'ěr xiān shēng yīnggāi dào men zhōng jiān lái zhè zhǒng wàng yóu zhī gěi xīn hūn qīn xiě guò xìn 'ér dào liǎo jiā qiáng lián tiānhǎi chuàn mén bài fǎng zhī jiān de hán xuān zhōng shǎo liǎo dào wéi dùn tài tài shōu dào de fēng nèi róng yǒu hǎo de lái xìn:“ cāi zhǔn tīng shuō guò lán · qiū 'ěr xiān shēng xiě gěi wéi dùn tài tài de fēng piào liàng de xìn zhī dào zhǔn shì fēng měi hǎo de xìnshì háo xiān shēng gào de háo xiān shēng kàn guò fēng xìn shuō bèi cóng lái méi kàn guò me hǎo de xìn。”
   fēng xìn de què shōu dào gāo zhòng shìdāng ránwéi dùn tài tài yīn duì zhè wèi nián qīng rén xíng chéng liǎo fēi cháng měi hǎo de yìn xiàngxiě xìn de kǒu wěn mào bèi zhì lìng rén kuàiwán quán zhēn míng yòu hǎo de liáng zhī men de hūn yīn shòu dào zhǒng dào zhǒng fāng shì de gōng zhè fēng xìn shì zuì shòu huān yíng de gǎn dào shì shì jiè shàng zuì xìng yùn de rén de nián jīng gòu chéng shúshì fèng qīng chǔ jiā duì de xìng yùn yòu zěn yán de kàn rán 'érwéi de quē hàn biàn shì péng yǒu men zài dìng chéng shàng de fēn guò péng yǒu zhī jiān de yǒu jué duì huì lěng dàn xià shuí néng rěn shòu liǎo fēn shǒu
   zhī dàoài huì shí de xiǎng niàn tòng xiǎng niàn tòng xiǎng xiàng 'ài méi yòu de péi bànshī zhuāng shìhuò zhě shuō zāo shòu shí de liáo huì shì zěn yàng de qíng xíngdàn shì 'ài de 'ài xìng bìng nuò ruòduì miàn lín de miàn duō shù de niàn gèng yòu yìng néng ér qiě yòu zhìyòu néng yòu jīng shénnéng gòu kuài de xīn qíng xiǎo xiǎo de kùn nán chàng rán gǎn 'ān wèi de xiǎng dào lǎng dào zhái fèi 'ěr zhái zhī jiān de jìn jié shǐ rén xíng hěn fāng biànwéi dùn xiān shēng de 'ǎijīng zhuàng kuàng kuān sōngzhè xiē tiáo jiàn huì fáng 'ài men wèi lái měi zhōu zài xiāo bàn shù wǎn de shí guāng
   wéi děng chéng wéi wéi dùn tài tài 'ér xīn zhōng cháng shí jiān chōng mǎn gǎn 'ēn zhī qíngzhǐ yòu piàn shāo gǎn hàn de mǎn héng héng zhǐ shì mǎn 'ér -- kuài de dōushì yàng de zhēn shí 'ér míng què
   jìn guǎn 'ài duì de qīn fēi cháng liǎo jiědàn dāng zài men bèi zhǒng shū shì tiáo jiàn de lǎng dào zhái dào biéhuò zhě wǎn shàng sòng yóu zhàng péi tóng dēng shàng jiā de chē shítīng dào qīn réng rán yòng lián de tài xiǎo jiěbiǎo shì wǎn ài hái shì jìn gǎn dào shí fēn chà kāi shí háo xiān shēng méi yòu wēn de tàn kǒu shuō
  “ āi lián de tài xiǎo jiě yào nèn liú xià láixīn zhōng zhǔn huì gǎn dào gāo xīng。”
   tài xiǎo jiě de sǔn shī jìn wǎn huí héng héng méi yòu xiàng xiǎn shì cóng zài duì biǎo shì lián mǐndàn shì xīng de jiāo wǎng gěi háo dài lái xiē 'ān wèilín men de gōng zhī shēng jīng xiāo sànrén men zài jiè shāng xīn de shì jiàn wéi huà bǐng zhù lái cháo nòng ràng gǎn dào wéi sàng de hūn dàn gāo zhōng chī guāng de wèi kǒu zài tián jìn gèng duō yóu jué xiāng xìn bié rén néng tóngfán shì duì yòu hài de dōng biàn rèn wéi duì rén shì tài chéng kěn quàn shuō rén men què duì yào zhì zuò hūn dàn gāozhè xiàng cháng shì shī bài gào zhōng hòu yòu chéng kěn shè quàn rèn rén chī dàn gāo shèn zhì yàn fán jiù xiàng pèi shēng qǐng jiàopèi shēng shì wèi zhī shí fēng de shēn shì de pín fán bài fǎng shì háo xiān shēng shēng huó de xiàng wèi jièpèi shēng zài shòu dào zhuī wèn hòujìn guǎn kàn shàng xiǎn wéi qíng yuàndàn shì chéng rèn shuōhūn dàn gāo huò díquè duì duō rén héng héng huò duì duō shù réndōu shì chú fēi shí yòng liàng yòu suǒ jié zhìzhè guān diǎn rán zuǒ zhèng liǎo háo xiān shēng de kàn shì biàn wàng yǐng xiǎng xīn hūn de měi wèi fǎng rán 'érdàn gāo hái shì chī guāng liǎo shàn de shén jīng zhí dào dàn gāo xiāo shī jìng jìn qián zhí sōng chí xià lái
   hǎi liú chuán zhe zhǒng guài de yáo yánshuō shì yòu rén kàn jiàn pèi jiā de hái miè rén shǒu zhōng guò kuài wéi dùn tài tài de hūn dàn gāodàn shì háo xiān shēng jué duì xiāng xìn zhè zhǒng zhī tán


  Mr. Weston was a native of Highbury, and born of a respectable family, which for the last two or three generations had been rising into gentility and property. He had received a good education, but, on succeeding early in life to a small independence, had become indisposed for any of the more homely pursuits in which his brothers were engaged, and had satisfied an active, cheerful mind and social temper by entering into the militia of his county, then embodied.
   Captain Weston was a general favourite; and when the chances of his military life had introduced him to Miss Churchill, of a great Yorkshire family, and Miss Churchill fell in love with him, nobody was surprized, except her brother and his wife, who had never seen him, and who were full of pride and importance, which the connexion would offend.
   Miss Churchill, however, being of age, and with the full command of her fortune--though her fortune bore no proportion to the family-estate--was not to be dissuaded from the marriage, and it took place, to the infinite mortification of Mr. and Mrs. Churchill, who threw her off with due decorum. It was an unsuitable connexion, and did not produce much happiness. Mrs. Weston ought to have found more in it, for she had a husband whose warm heart and sweet temper made him think every thing due to her in return for the great goodness of being in love with him; but though she had one sort of spirit, she had not the best. She had resolution enough to pursue her own will in spite of her brother, but not enough to refrain from unreasonable regrets at that brother's unreasonable anger, nor from missing the luxuries of her former home. They lived beyond their income, but still it was nothing in comparison of Enscombe: she did not cease to love her husband, but she wanted at once to be the wife of Captain Weston, and Miss Churchill of Enscombe.
   Captain Weston, who had been considered, especially by the Churchills, as making such an amazing match, was proved to have much the worst of the bargain; for when his wife died, after a three years' marriage, he was rather a poorer man than at first, and with a child to maintain. From the expense of the child, however, he was soon relieved. The boy had, with the additional softening claim of a lingering illness of his mother's, been the means of a sort of reconciliation; and Mr. and Mrs. Churchill, having no children of their own, nor any other young creature of equal kindred to care for, offered to take the whole charge of the little Frank soon after her decease. Some scruples and some reluctance the widower-father may be supposed to have felt; but as they were overcome by other considerations, the child was given up to the care and the wealth of the Churchills, and he had only his own comfort to seek, and his own situation to improve as he could.
   A complete change of life became desirable. He quitted the militia and engaged in trade, having brothers already established in a good way in London, which afforded him a favourable opening. It was a concern which brought just employment enough. He had still a small house in Highbury, where most of his leisure days were spent; and between useful occupation and the pleasures of society, the next eighteen or twenty years of his life passed cheerfully away. He had, by that time, realised an easy competence--enough to secure the purchase of a little estate adjoining Highbury, which he had always longed for--enough to marry a woman as portionless even as Miss Taylor, and to live according to the wishes of his own friendly and social disposition.
   It was now some time since Miss Taylor had begun to influence his schemes; but as it was not the tyrannic influence of youth on youth, it had not shaken his determination of never settling till he could purchase Randalls, and the sale of Randalls was long looked forward to; but he had gone steadily on, with these objects in view, till they were accomplished. He had made his fortune, bought his house, and obtained his wife; and was beginning a new period of existence, with every probability of greater happiness than in any yet passed through. He had never been an unhappy man; his own temper had secured him from that, even in his first marriage; but his second must shew him how delightful a well-judging and truly amiable woman could be, and must give him the pleasantest proof of its being a great deal better to choose than to be chosen, to excite gratitude than to feel it.
   He had only himself to please in his choice: his fortune was his own; for as to Frank, it was more than being tacitly brought up as his uncle's heir, it had become so avowed an adoption as to have him assume the name of Churchill on coming of age. It was most unlikely, therefore, that he should ever want his father's assistance. His father had no apprehension of it. The aunt was a capricious woman, and governed her husband entirely; but it was not in Mr. Weston's nature to imagine that any caprice could be strong enough to affect one so dear, and, as he believed, so deservedly dear. He saw his son every year in London, and was proud of him; and his fond report of him as a very fine young man had made Highbury feel a sort of pride in him too. He was looked on as sufficiently belonging to the place to make his merits and prospects a kind of common concern.
   Mr. Frank Churchill was one of the boasts of Highbury, and a lively curiosity to see him prevailed, though the compliment was so little returned that he had never been there in his life. His coming to visit his father had been often talked of but never achieved.
   Now, upon his father's marriage, it was very generally proposed, as a most proper attention, that the visit should take place. There was not a dissentient voice on the subject, either when Mrs. Perry drank tea with Mrs. and Miss Bates, or when Mrs. and Miss Bates returned the visit. Now was the time for Mr. Frank Churchill to come among them; and the hope strengthened when it was understood that he had written to his new mother on the occasion. For a few days, every morning visit in Highbury included some mention of the handsome letter Mrs. Weston had received. "I suppose you have heard of the handsome letter Mr. Frank Churchill has written to Mrs. Weston? I understand it was a very handsome letter, indeed. Mr. Woodhouse told me of it. Mr. Woodhouse saw the letter, and he says he never saw such a handsome letter in his life. "
   It was, indeed, a highly prized letter. Mrs. Weston had, of course, formed a very favourable idea of the young man; and such a pleasing attention was an irresistible proof of his great good sense, and a most welcome addition to every source and every expression of congratulation which her marriage had already secured. She felt herself a most fortunate woman; and she had lived long enough to know how fortunate she might well be thought, where the only regret was for a partial separation from friends whose friendship for her had never cooled, and who could ill bear to part with her.
   She knew that at times she must be missed; and could not think, without pain, of Emma's losing a single pleasure, or suffering an hour's ennui, from the want of her companionableness: but dear Emma was of no feeble character; she was more equal to her situation than most girls would have been, and had sense, and energy, and spirits that might be hoped would bear her well and happily through its little difficulties and privations. And then there was such comfort in the very easy distance of Randalls from Hartfield, so convenient for even solitary female walking, and in Mr. Weston's disposition and circumstances, which would make the approaching season no hindrance to their spending half the evenings in the week together.
   Her situation was altogether the subject of hours of gratitude to Mrs. Weston, and of moments only of regret; and her satisfaction--her more than satisfaction--her cheerful enjoyment, was so just and so apparent, that Emma, well as she knew her father, was sometimes taken by surprize at his being still able to pity `poor Miss Taylor, ' when they left her at Randalls in the centre of every domestic comfort, or saw her go away in the evening attended by her pleasant husband to a carriage of her own. But never did she go without Mr. Woodhouse's giving a gentle sigh, and saying, "Ah, poor Miss Taylor! She would be very glad to stay. "
   There was no recovering Miss Taylor--nor much likelihood of ceasing to pity her; but a few weeks brought some alleviation to Mr. Woodhouse. The compliments of his neighbours were over; he was no longer teased by being wished joy of so sorrowful an event; and the wedding-cake, which had been a great distress to him, was all eat up. His own stomach could bear nothing rich, and he could never believe other people to be different from himself. What was unwholesome to him he regarded as unfit for any body; and he had, therefore, earnestly tried to dissuade them from having any wedding-cake at all, and when that proved vain, as earnestly tried to prevent any body's eating it. He had been at the pains of consulting Mr. Perry, the apothecary, on the subject. Mr. Perry was an intelligent, gentlemanlike man, whose frequent visits were one of the comforts of Mr. Woodhouse's life; and upon being applied to, he could not but acknowledge (though it seemed rather against the bias of inclination) that wedding-cake might certainly disagree with many--perhaps with most people, unless taken moderately. With such an opinion, in confirmation of his own, Mr. Woodhouse hoped to influence every visitor of the newly married pair; but still the cake was eaten; and there was no rest for his benevolent nerves till it was all gone.
   There was a strange rumour in Highbury of all the little Perrys being seen with a slice of Mrs. Weston's wedding-cake in their hands: but Mr. Woodhouse would never believe it.
shǒuyè>> wénxué>> 言情>> jiǎn · ào dīng Jane Austen   yīng guó United Kingdom   hàn nuò wēi wáng cháo   (1775niánshíèryuè16rì1817niánqīyuè18rì)