首页>> 文学论坛>> 言情>> 达夫妮·杜穆里埃 Daphne du Maurier   英国 United Kingdom   温莎王朝   (1907年5月13日1989年4月19日)
蝴蝶梦 Rebecca
  《蝴蝶梦》原名《吕蓓卡》(又译《丽贝卡》),是达夫妮•杜穆里埃的成名作,发表于 1938年,已被译成二十多种文字,再版重印四十多次,并被改编搬上银幕,由擅长饰演莎士比亚笔下角色的名演员劳伦斯•奥利维尔(Laurence Olivier)爵士主演男主角麦克西姆。该片上映以来久盛不衰。
   达夫妮•杜穆里埃在本书中成功地塑造了一个颇富神秘色彩的女性吕蓓卡的形象,此人于小说开始时即已死去,除在倒叙段落中被间接提到外,从未在书中出现,但却时时处处音容宛在,并能通过其忠仆、情夫等继续控制曼陀丽庄园直至最后将这个庄园烧毁。小说中另一女性,即以故事叙述者身份出现的第一人称,虽是喜怒哀乐俱全的活人,实际上却处处起着烘托吕蓓卡的作用,作者这种以“实有”陪衬“虚无”的手法颇为别致。
   值得注意的是,作者通过刻画吕蓓卡那种放浪形骸之外的腐化生活,以及她与麦克西姆•德温特的畸形婚姻,对英国上层社会中的享乐至上、尔虞我诈、穷奢极侈、势利伪善等现象作了生动的揭露。作者还通过情景交融的手法比较成功地渲染了两种气氛:一方面是缠绵悱恻的怀乡忆旧,另一方面是阴森压抑的绝望恐怖。这双重气氛互相交叠渗透,加之全书悬念不断,使本书成为一部多年畅销不衰的浪漫主义小说。但在这部作品中也反映了作者某些不足之处,如作品反映的生活面比较狭窄,若干描写景色的段落有点拖沓,且时有重复等。


  Rebecca is a novel by Daphne du Maurier. When Rebecca was published in 1938, du Maurier became – to her great surprise – one of the most popular authors of the day. Rebecca is considered to be one of her best works. Some observers have noted parallels with Jane Eyre. Much of the novel was written while she was staying in Alexandria, Egypt, where her husband was posted at the time.
  
  Plot summary
  
  "Last night I dreamt I went to Manderley again" is the book's often quoted opening line, and from here its unnamed narrator recollects her past, telling the story of her transition into womanhood.
  
  While working as the companion to a rich American woman vacationing on the French Riviera, she becomes acquainted with a wealthy Englishman, Maximilian (Maxim) de Winter. After a fortnight of courtship, she agrees to marry him, and after the marriage accompanies him to his mansion, the beautiful West Country estate Manderley.
  
  Only upon their arrival at Manderley does the new bride realize how difficult it will be to lay to rest the memory of her husband's first wife, Rebecca. Rebecca is understood to have drowned in a sailing accident off the coast next to the mansion a year before, but her memory has a strong hold on the estate and all of its inhabitants and visitors, especially the domineering housekeeper, Mrs. Danvers, one of literature's most infamous female villains.
  
  Mrs. Danvers, who was profoundly devoted to Rebecca, tries to undermine the second Mrs de Winter, suggesting to her that she will never attain the urbanity and charm that Rebecca possessed. Whenever the new Mrs. de Winter attempts to make changes at Manderley, Mrs. Danvers describes how Rebecca ran Manderley when she was alive. Each time Mrs. Danvers does this, she implies that the new Mrs. de Winter lacks the experience and knowledge necessary for running an important estate such as Manderley. The second Mrs. de Winter is cowed by Mrs. Danvers' imposing manner and complies with the housekeeper's suggestions.
  
  Lacking self-confidence and overwhelmed by her new life, the protagonist commits one faux pas after another, until she is convinced that Maxim regrets his impetuous decision to marry her and is still deeply in love with the seemingly perfect Rebecca. The climax occurs at Manderley's annual costume ball. Mrs. Danvers manipulates the protagonist into wearing a replica of the dress shown in a portrait of one of the former inhabitants of the estate -- the same costume worn by Rebecca to much acclaim the previous year, shortly before her death.
  
  In the early morning hours after the ball, the storm that had been building over the estate leads to a shipwreck. A diver investigating the condition of the wrecked ship's hull discovers the remains of Rebecca's boat. It is just prior to this shipwreck that Mrs. Danvers reveals her contempt for and dislike of the second Mrs. de Winter. Taking the second Mrs. de Winter on a tour of Rebecca's bedroom, her wardrobe and luxurious possessions, which Mrs. Danvers has kept intact as a shrine to Rebecca, she encourages the second Mrs. de Winter to commit suicide by jumping out of an upstairs window, but is thwarted at the last moment by the disturbance created by the shipwreck.
  
  The revelations from the shipwreck lead Maxim to confess the truth to the second Mrs. de Winter; how his marriage to Rebecca was nothing but a sham; how from the very first days of their marriage, the husband and wife loathed each other. Rebecca, Maxim reveals, was a cruel and selfish woman who manipulated everyone around her into believing her to be the perfect wife and a paragon of virtue. She repeatedly taunted Maxim with sordid tales of her numerous love affairs and suggested that she was pregnant with another man's child, which she would raise under the pretence that it was Maxim's and he would be powerless to stop her. Maxim, truly hating her, shot Rebecca and disposed of her body on her boat, which he then sank at sea. The narrator is relieved to hear that Maxim had never loved Rebecca, but really loves his new wife.
  
  Rebecca's boat is raised and it is discovered that holes had been deliberately drilled in the bottom and the sea-cocks were opened, which would have caused it to sink. There is an inquest and despite it not being clear who drilled the holes, a verdict of suicide is brought. However, Rebecca's first cousin (and also her lover) Jack Favell appears on the scene claiming to have proof that Rebecca could not have intended suicide. Favell attempts to blackmail Maxim because he believes that Maxim killed Rebecca and then sank the boat.
  
  Rebecca, it is revealed, had an appointment with a Doctor Baker shortly before her death, presumably to confirm her pregnancy. When the doctor is found he reveals Rebecca had been suffering from cancer and would have died within a few months; furthermore, due to the malformation of her uterus, she could never have been pregnant. The implication is that knowing she was going to die, Rebecca lied to Maxim that she had been impregnated by another man because she wanted Maxim to kill her. Maxim feels a great sense of foreboding and insists on driving through the night to return to Manderley. However, before he comes in sight of the house, it is clear from a glow on the horizon and wind-borne ashes that it is ablaze.
  
  It is evident at the beginning of the novel that Maxim and the second Mrs. de Winter now live in some foreign exile. The events recounted in the book are in essence a flashback of the narrator's life at Manderley.
  
  The name of the second Mrs. de Winter is never revealed and remains a mystery.
  Legacy
  
  Rebecca, when first published had a print run of 20,000 and was a popular success. However, it did not receive critical acclaim. The Times said that "the material is of the humblest...nothing in this is beyond the novelette...". Few saw in the novel what the author wanted them to see: the exploration of the relationship between a man who was powerful and a woman who was not.
  Related works
  
  The novel has inspired three additional books approved by the du Maurier estate:
  
   * Mrs de Winter (1993), by Susan Hill, is a sequel originally written in the 1980s. ISBN 0-09-928478-2 begin_of_the_skype_highlighting 0-09-928478-2 end_of_the_skype_highlighting
   * The Other Rebecca (1996), by Maureen Freely, is a contemporary version. ISBN 0-89733-477-9
   * Rebecca's Tale (2001), by Sally Beauman, ISBN 0-06-621108-5 is a narrative of four characters affected by Rebecca. It is often mistakenly referred to as a prequel.
  
  Rebecca as a WWII code source
  
  One edition of the book was used by the Germans in World War II as a code source. Sentences would be made using single words in the book, referred to by page number, line and position in the line. One copy was kept at Rommel's headquarters, and the other was carried by German Abwehr agents infiltrated in Cairo after crossing Egypt by car, guided by Count László Almásy.[citation needed] This code was never used, however, because the radio section of the HQ was captured in a skirmish and the Germans thought the security was compromised. This use of the book is referred to in Ken Follett's novel The Key to Rebecca - where a (fictional) spy does use it to pass critical information to Rommel.
  
  This use of the novel was also referred to in Michael Ondaatje's novel The English Patient.
  Impact on popular culture
  
  The novel, and the character of Mrs. Danvers in particular, have entered many aspects of popular culture.
  In literature
  
  The character of Mrs. Danvers is alluded to numerous times throughout Stephen King's Bag of Bones. In the book, Mrs. Danvers serves as something of a boogeyman for the main character Mike Noonan. King also uses the character name for the chilly, obedient servant in "Father's Day," a tale in his 1982 film Creepshow.
  
  In Jasper Fforde's Thursday Next series, in the bookworld, they have accidentally made lots of Mrs. Danvers clones, which they use as troops against The Mispeling Vyrus, and other threats, including as an army.
  
  In The Maxx issue #31, a teenage Julie Winters watches a black and white version of the movie.
  
  In Danielle Steel's novel Vanished, it is mentioned that the main character is reading Rebecca. This was most likely deliberate on Steele's part, considering that the novel has many of the same elements as Rebecca.
  
  Childhood visits to Milton Hall, Cambridgeshire (then in Northamptonshire) home of the Wentworth-Fitzwilliam family, may have influenced the descriptions of Manderley.
  In television
  
  The 1970 Parallel Time storyline of the Gothic soap opera Dark Shadows was heavily inspired by Rebecca. Also the second Dark Shadows motion picture, Night of Dark Shadows took inspiration from the novel.
  
  In the television series The Sopranos, Meadow compares her mother Carmela to Danvers for her perceived controlling behavior.
  
  The fifth episode of the second series of That Mitchell and Webb Look contains an extended sketch parodying the 1940 film, in which Rebecca is unable to live up to Maxim's and Mrs. Danvers's expectations for the Second Mrs. DeWynter - described as "TBA".
  
  The plots of certain Latin-American soap operas have also been inspired by this story, such as Manuela (Argentina),and Infierno en el paraíso (Mexico).
  In music
  Music
  
  Meg & Dia's Meg Frampton penned a song entitled "Rebecca", inspired by the novel.
  
  Sondre Lerche's song, "She's Fantastic", makes a reference to Rebecca. In it he says, "In that old movie 'bout Rebecca's spell I feel like Max never felt, minus the drama and the fraud..."
  
  Kansas alumnus Steve Walsh's solo recording Glossolalia includes a song entitled "Rebecca", with lyrics seemingly composed from Maxim de Winter's point of view: "I suppose I was the lucky one, returning like a wayward son to Manderley, I'd never be the same..."
  
  The Pet Shop Boys' song "King of Rome" includes the "Rebecca" inspired line "I'm here and there/or anywhere/away from Manderley..."
  Dramatic adaptations
  Film
  
  Rebecca has been adapted several times. The most notable of these was the Academy Award winning 1940 Alfred Hitchcock film version Rebecca, the first film Hitchcock made under his contract with David O. Selznick. The film, which starred Laurence Olivier as Max, Joan Fontaine as the Heroine, and Judith Anderson as Mrs. Danvers, was based on the novel. However, the Hollywood Production Code required that if Max had murdered his wife, he would have to be punished for his crime. Therefore, the key turning point of the novel – the revelation that Max, in fact, murdered Rebecca – was altered so that it seemed as if Rebecca's death was accidental. At the end of the film version, Mrs. Danvers perishes in the fire, which she had started. The film quickly became a classic and, at the time, was a major technical achievement in film-making.
  Television
  
  Rebecca has been adapted for television by both the BBC and Carlton Television. The latter version starred Emilia Fox (Joanna David's daughter) in the same role, and in the United States, was broadcast by PBS as part of its Masterpiece Theatre series.
  Theatre
  
  Du Maurier herself adapted Rebecca as a stage play in 1939; it had a successful London run in 1940 of over 350 performances.
  
  On 28 September 2006 a musical version of Rebecca premièred at the Raimund Theater in Vienna, Austria. The new musical was written by Michael Kunze (book and lyrics) and Sylvester Levay (music) and directed by the American director Francesca Zambello. The cast includes Uwe Kröger as Max de Winter, Wietske van Tongeren as "Ich" ("I", the narrator) and Susan Rigvava-Dumas as Mrs. Danvers. Before 2008 there was talk of moving the musical to the Broadway stage, but all plans were eventually cancelled due to the complexity of the sets, scenery, and special effects — including a grand staircase that twirls down into the stage and a finale in which the entire stage - including Mrs. Danvers - is engulfed in flames.[citation needed] In September 2008 it was announced that the musical would be arriving on Broadway by 2010 with a pre-Broadway try-out in at the Guthrie Theatre in Minneapolis, MN
  Plagiarism allegations
  
  Shortly after Rebecca was published in Brazil, critic Álvaro Lins pointed out many resemblances between du Maurier's book and the work of Brazilian writer Carolina Nabuco. Nabuco's A Sucessora (The Successor) has a main plot similar to Rebecca, including a young woman marrying a widower and the strange presence of the first wife — plot features also shared with the far older Jane Eyre. Nina Auerbach alleged in her book, Daphne du Maurier, Haunted Heiress, that du Maurier read the Brazilian book when the first drafts were sent to be published in England and based her famous best-seller on it. According to Nabuco's autobiography, Eight Decades, she (Nabuco) refused to sign a contract brought to her by a United Artists' representative in which she agreed that the similarities between her book and the movie were mere coincidence.[citation needed] Du Maurier denied copying Nabuco's book, as did her publisher, claiming that the plot used in Rebecca was quite common.[citation needed]
  
  In 1944 in the United States, Daphne du Maurier, her U.S. publishers, Doubleday, and various parties connected with the 1940 film version of the novel, were sued by Edwina L. MacDonald for plagiarism. MacDonald alleged that du Maurier had copied her novel, Blind Windows. Du Maurier successfully defended the allegations.
  
  Du Maurier herself stated that the book was based on her memories of Menabilly and Cornwall, as well as the relationship she had with her father.
第一章
  昨晚,我梦见自己又回到了曼陀丽庄园。恍惚中,我站在那扇通往车道的大铁门前,好一会儿被挡在门外进不去。铁门上挂着把大锁,还系了根铁链。我在梦里大声叫唤看门人,却没人答应。于是我就凑近身子,隔着门上生锈的铁条朝里张望,这才明白曼陀丽已是座阒寂无人的空宅。
   烟囱不再飘起袅袅青烟。一扇扇小花格窗凄凉地洞开着。这时,我突然像所有的梦中人一样,不知从哪儿获得了超自然的神力,幽灵般飘过面前的障碍物。车道在我眼前伸展开去,婉蜒曲折,依稀如旧。但是待我向前走去,就觉察到车道已起了变化:它显得又狭窄又荒僻,不再是我们熟悉的那个模样。我一时感到迷惑不解,但当我低下头去避开一根低垂摇曳的树枝时,才发现了变化的来由。原来自然界已恢复了本来的面目,渐渐把她细长的手指顽强而偷偷摸摸地伸到车道上来了。即使在过去,树林对车道来说,也始终是个威胁,如今则终于赢得胜利,黑压压势不可挡地向着车道两侧边沿逼近。榉树伸开赤裸的白色肢体,互相紧紧偎依,枝条交叉错杂,形成奇特的拥抱,在我头顶构成一个形似教堂拱道的穹隆。这里还长有许多别的树木,有些我叫不出名字,还有些低矮的橡树和翘曲的榆树,都同榉树盘根错节地纠结在一起。橡树、榆树,还有巨怪似的灌木丛以及其他一些草木,就这么纷列在这块静谧的土地上,全然不是我记忆中的景象。
   车道已变成一条细带,与过去比,简直成了一根线!路面的沙砾层已不知去向,只见密密的一片杂草和青苔。树枝倒垂下来,阻挡着我的去路,节瘤毕露的根部活像骷髅的魔爪。在这片荒凉芜秽的林莽中间,时而也还能认出一些灌木丛,那是当年我们居住时的标志,是人工栽培和雅趣的产物。如紫阳,它的花穗曾经颇负盛名,但如今因为无人修剪照拂,也成了野生植物,枝干高得出奇,却开不出一朵花来,又黑又丑,与左近那些无名的草木没有什么两样。
   忽而东,忽而西,这条可怜的细线歪歪扭扭地向前伸展。(而它一度就是我们的车道啊!)有时我以为它到头了,不料它又从一棵倒在地上的死树底下钻出,或是在一道由冬日绵雨积成的泥泞小沟的那头挣扎着露出头来。我从未觉得道儿竟这么长,那距离想必是不断成倍延伸,就像树木成倍往高处长去一样。车道似乎根本不通向宅子,而是引入一片迷津,通向一片混饨杂乱的荒野。突然间,我一眼看到了那宅子,宅前的通道被一大簇乱生乱长的异样灌木覆盖了。我仁立着,心儿在胸中怦怦剧跳;眼眶里泪花滚动,带来一阵异样的痛楚。
   这就是曼陀丽!我们的曼陀而故居!还是和过去一样的隐僻、静谧。灰色的砖石在梦境的月光里显得白惨惨的,嵌有竖框的窗子映着绿草坪和屋前平台。时光的流逝,丝毫无损于围墙的完美对称,也无损于宅基本身,整个宅子宛如手掌心里的一颗明珠。
   平台斜连草地,草地一直伸向大海。一转身,我看见那一泓银色的海水,犹如风平浪静时明镜般的湖面,静静地任月光爱抚。没有波浪会使这梦之水粼粼荡漾,也不见云块被西风吹来,遮掩这清朗惨白的夜空。
   我又转身面向屋子。尽管它屹然挺立,一副神圣不可侵犯的神态,仿佛我们昨天刚刚离开,谁也没敢来碰它一下,但我发现庭园也和林子一样,服从了丛林法则。石南竟高达一百五十码,它们与羊齿绞曲缠绕在一起,还和一大簇无名的灌木胡配。这些杂种灌木,紧紧地依傍着石甫的根部,似乎是意识到自己出身的卑贱。一棵紫丁香与铜榉长到一块儿去了,而那永远与优雅为敌的常青藤,还恶毒地伸出弯曲的蔓须,把这对伙伴更紧地卷绕起来,使它们沦为俘虏。在这无人照管的弃园里,常青藤占着最突出的地位,一股股、一绞纹的长藤爬过草地,眼看就要侵入屋子。此外还有一种原来生长在林中的杂交植物,它的种子很久前散落在树底下,接着也就被人遗忘了,如今它却和常青藤齐头并进,像大黄草似的,把自己丑陋的身子挺向曾经盛开过水仙花的柔软的草地。
   到处可以看到荨麻,它们可以算是入侵大军的先头部队。它们盖满平台,乱七八槽地拥塞着走道,还把它粗俗细长的身子斜靠在屋子的窗棂上。它们是些很差劲的步哨,因为在好些地方,它们的队伍被大黄草突破,就耷拉脑袋,没精打采地伸着躯于,成了野兔出没的处所。我离开车道,走向平台。荨麻拦不住我,任何东西都拦不住我,因为梦中人走路是有法术的。
   月光能给人造成奇异的幻觉,即使对梦中人也不例外。我肃然站在宅子前,竟断定它不是一个空洞的躯壳,而像过去那样是有生命的、在呼吸着的活物。
   窗户里透出灯光,窗帷在夜风中微微拂动。藏书室里,门半开着,那是我们出去时忘了随手带上。我的手绢还留在桌子上,在一瓶秋玫瑰的旁边。
   藏书室里处处留着我们尚未离去的印记:一小堆标有“待归还”记号的图书馆藏书;随手丢在一边的《泰晤士报》;烟灰缸里的一段烟蒂;歪歪斜斜倒在椅子上的枕垫,上边还印着我俩并头倚靠的痕迹;壁炉里炭火的余烬还在晨曦中吐着缕缕青烟;而杰斯珀,爱犬杰斯珀,就躺在地板上,眼睛充满着灵性,肥大的颈部下垂着,尾巴拍搭拍搭摇个不停,那是因为它听见了主人的脚步声。
   我一直没注意到,一朵乌云已经遮没了月亮。乌云有好一阵子徘徊不去,就像一只黑手遮住了脸庞。顿时,幻觉消失了,窗户的灯光也一齐熄灭。我面前的屋子终于又成了荒凉的空壳,没有灵魂,也无人进出。在那虎视眈眈的大墙边,再也听不到往事的细声碎语。
   曼陀丽是座坟墓,我们的恐惧和苦难都深埋在它的废墟之中。这一切再也不能死而复苏。我醒着的时候想到曼陀丽庄园,从不觉得难过。要是我曾在那儿无忧无虑地生活,说不定我还会就事论事地回想起那儿美好的一切:夏日的玫瑰园,拂晓时分的鸟语,栗子树下的午茶,还有草地那边传来的阵阵涛声。
   我还会想到盛开的紫丁香,惦念起“幸福谷”。这一切都是永恒的,不可能像烟云般消散。这些回忆按理是不会惹人伤感的。月亮仍被乌云遮盖着。我虽在梦境之中,却清醒地想到了上面这一切,因为像所有梦中人一样,我知道自己是在做梦。事实上,我是躺在数百英里外的异国土地上,过不了几秒钟就要醒过来,发现自己睡在旅馆空荡荡的小房间里,没有任何特别的气氛,但也正因为如此,才令人感到舒坦释然。我会叹一口气,伸个懒腰,转过身子,睁开眼睛,迷惘地看看那耀眼的阳光和冷漠洁净的天空,这与梦中幽柔的月光是多么不同!白昼横在我俩前头,无疑既漫长又单调,同时却充满某种珍贵的平静感。这是我俩以前不曾体会过的。不,我们不会谈起曼陀丽,我可不愿讲述我的梦境,因为曼陀丽不再为我们所有,曼陀丽不复存在了!
  
第二章
  我们永远也日下去了,这一点是确定无疑的。过去的岁月仍近在咫尺。我们力图忘却并永远置诸脑后的种种往事,说不定又会重新唤起我们的回忆。还有那种恐惧,那种诡秘的不宁之感——感谢上帝慈悲,现在总算平息了——过去曾一度演变成不可理喻的盲目惊惶,说不定也还会以某种无法预见的形式卷土重来,就像过去那样和我们形影相随,朝夕共处。
   他的忍耐功夫着实惊人。他从不怨天尤人,即使在回忆起往事的时候也决不愤愤然……而我相信他常常想起过去,尽管他不愿让我知道。
   他怎能瞒过我的眼睛?有时,他显出茫然若有所失的样子,可爱的脸容上,所有的表情消失得一千二净,仿佛被一只无形的手一下子全抹掉了似的,取而代之的是一副面具,一件雕塑品,冷冰冰,一本正经,纵然不失英俊,却毫无生气;有时,他会猛抽香烟,一支接一支,甚至连烟蒂也顾不上弄熄,结果,那闪着火星的烟头就像花瓣似地在他周围散了一地;有时,他胡乱找个什么话题,口若悬河,讲得眉飞色舞,其实什么内容也没有,无非是想借此排解心头的忧伤。我听到过一种说法:不论哪一对夫妻,只要经历苦难磨练,就会变得更高尚、更坚强,因此在今世或来世做人,理当忍受火刑的考验。这话听上去有点似是而非,不过我俩倒是充分领略了其中的滋味。我俩经历过恐惧、孤独和极大的不幸。我觉得,每个人在自己的一生中迟早会面临考验,我们大家都有各自特定的恶魔灾星,备受压迫和折磨,到头来总得奋起与之博斗。我俩总算战胜了这个恶魔,或者说我们相信自己战胜了。
   现在,那灾星再也不来欺压我们。难关总算闯过了,自然我们也不免受了些创伤。他对灾难的预感打一开始就很灵验,而我呢,不妨效法一出蹩脚戏里的女戏子,装腔作势地嚷嚷,宣布我们为自由付了代价。说实在的,戏剧性的曲折离奇,这辈子我领教够了,要是能让我俩一直像现在这样安安稳稳过日子,我宁愿拿自己所有的感官作代价。幸福并不是一件值得珍藏的占有物,而是一种思想状态,一种心境。当然,我们有时也会消沉沮丧,但在其他时刻,时间不再由钟摆来计量,而是连绵地伸向永恒;我只要一看到他的微笑,就意识到我俩在一起携手并进,再没有思想或意见上的分歧在我俩之间设下屏障。
   如今,我俩之间再没有任何要瞒着对方的隐私,真个是同甘共苦,息息相通了。尽管这小客栈沉闷乏味,伙食也糟糕,日复一日,重复着单调的老一套,。我们却不愿生活变成另一种样子。要是住到大旅馆去,势必遇到很多他的熟人。我俩都深感简朴的可贵,倘若有时觉得无聊,那又何妨?无聊对恐惧来说,岂非一帖对症的解药!我们按照固定不变的格局安排日常生活,而我就从中逐渐培养起朗读的才能。据我知道,只有当邮差误了班头的时候,他才露出焦躁的神情,因为这意味着我们得多挨一天才能收到英国来的邮件。我们试着听过收音机,但是杂音恼人,所以我们宁愿把怀乡的蓄积在心头。好几天前进行的一场板球赛的战果,在我们生活中竟有那么重要的意义。
   啊!各种球类决赛和拳击比赛,甚至还有弹子房的击弹落袋得分记录,都能把我们从百无聊赖中解救出来。小学生运动会的决赛,跑狗以及偏僻诸郡那些稀奇古怪的小型竞赛——所有这些消息,都是空磨子里的谷物,都能解我俩饥渴之苦,有时我弄到几份过期的《田野报》,读来不禁神驰,仿佛又从这异乡小岛回到了春意盎然的英国现实生活之中。我读到描写白色小溪、飞蝼姑、生长在绿色草地上的雄鹿的文字,还有那些盘旋在林子上空的白嘴鸦,过去,这景象在曼陀丽庄园是屡见不鲜的。我在这些已被翻阅得残破不全的纸页中,竟闻到了润土的芳香,嗅到了沼泽地带泥煤的酸味,甚至还触到那温漉漉的青苔地,上面缀有点点白斑,那是苍鹭的遗矢。有一口我念到一篇关于野鸽的文章,念着念着,恍若又回到曼陀丽的园林深处,野鸽在我头顶鼓翅,我听到它们柔和、自得的咕呜,这声音在夏日炎热的午后给人以舒适凉爽之感。只要杰斯珀不跑来,它们的安宁是不会受到打扰的。但是杰斯珀找我来了,它奔跳着穿过树丛,一边用湿漉漉的鼻子唤着地面,经狗一吓,野鸽顿时大可不必地一阵骚动,从藏身处乱飞出去,就像一群老太婆在洗澡时遭人撞见了一样。野鸽劈劈啪啪鼓动翅膀,迅捷地从树顶上掠过,渐渐远去,终于飞得无影无踪。这时,周围复归静穆,而我却莫名其妙地不安起来,注意到阳光不再在飒飒作声的树叶上编织出图案,树枝变得黝黑森然,阴影伸长了,而在那边宅子里已摆出新鲜的莓果,准备用茶点了。于是,我就从羊齿丛中站起身子,抖一抖陈年残叶留在裙子上的尘埃,打个唿哨招呼杰斯珀,随即动身回屋子去。我一边走,一边鄙夷地自问:脚步为何如此匆匆,而且还要飞快地向身后瞥上一眼?
   说也奇怪,一篇讲野鸽的文章,竟唤起了这么一番对往事的回忆,而且使我朗读时变得结结巴巴。是他那阴沉的脸色,使我戛然停止了朗读,并往后翻了好几页,直到找着一段关于板球赛的短讯为止。那段文字就事论事,单调乏味,讲到奥佛尔球场上,中塞克斯队以平庸的打法击球进攻,连连得手,比分沉闷地一个劲儿往上加。真得感谢那些果头呆脑的穿运动衣的角色,因为不大一会儿,他的面容恢复了原先的平静,重新有了血色,他带着正常的恼怒嘲笑起塞雷队的投球术来。
   这样总算避免了一场回忆,我也得了教训:英国新闻是可以念的,英国的体育运动、情况,英国人的傲慢自大等等,都可以;但是往后,凡是容易惹起伤感的东西,只能让我独个儿去悄悄咀嚼回味。色彩、香味、声音、雨水、浪涛的拍击,甚至秋天的浓雾和潮水的咸味,都是曼陀丽留下的记忆,怎么也磨灭不掉。有些人有阅读铁路指南的嗜好,他们设想出无数纵横交错的旅程,把一些无法联系的地区沟通起来,以此消遣。我的癖好与阅读铁路指南一样怪诞,但比较有意思,这便是积累英国农村的资料。英国每一片沼泽地的地主是谁,还有他们的雇农,我都—一叫得出名字。我知道一共宰了多少只松鸡,多少只鹧鸪,多少头鹿;我知道哪儿鳟鱼正在翔浮水面,哪儿鲑鱼正在活蹦乱跳。我注意着每一次的狩猎和捕鱼活动,甚至那些训练小猎犬奔跑的猎人的名字,我也熟悉农作物的生长情况,肉类的价格,猪群染上的怪病,所有这些我都感到津津有味。也许,这是一种打发时光的低级消遣,而且不需要用脑子,但这样,我就能一边读着报刊,一边呼吸着英国的空气;这样,我也才能鼓起更大的勇气,面对异国耀眼的天空。
   乱七八糟的葡萄园的破碎的石块,也就因此变得无关紧要,因为只要我愿意,我完全可以驾驭自己左右驰骋的想象,从潮湿的条纹状篱笆上,摘下几朵指顶花和灰白的剪秋罗。
   这类采花于篱下的一时之兴,虽说微不足道,倒也有其亲切可取之处,非但与辛酸、悔恨势不两立,而且还能使我们眼下这种自作自受的背井离乡的生活变得稍许甜蜜一点。
   多亏这些一时之兴,我还能度过一个愉快的下午,神情气爽地满脸堆笑而归,享用简便的午茶。午茶的内容一成不变,总是每人两片涂黄油的面包,还有一杯中国茶。在外人眼里,我们这对夫妇一定刻板得很,死抱着在英国养成的积习不放。小阳台很干净,经过几个世纪阳光的洗晒,变得洁白却又毫无特色。站在这儿,我又想起曼陀丽午后四时半的情景;先把藏书室壁炉前的桌子拉出,房门准时打开,接着就是千篇一律的放置茶具的那套程序:银质的托盘、茶壶,雪白的桌布。杰斯珀耷拉着大耳朵,对端进来的糕点摆出一副无动于衷的架势。每天总有许多食物放在我俩面前,但我们吃得极少。
   现在我看见那种滴着奶油的煎饼,小块松脆的尖角吐司,刚出炉的薄片面包;那种不知什么东西做成的三明治,散发着一种说不出来的香味,闻得叫人觉得愉快;那种非常特别的姜饼;那种放在嘴里即刻融化的蛋糕;还有与之成双配对的成分较浓的水果蛋糕,上面缀满果皮和葡萄干。这些食物,够挨饿的一家人受用一个星期。我从不知道这一桌子东酉是怎么处理的。暴珍天物有时使我于心不安。
   但我就是不敢启口问问丹弗斯太太,她怎么处置这一桌食物。要是我问了,她一定会带着不屑的神情望着我,嘴角挂着那种带优越感的、使人浑身发冷的隐笑。我想她一定还会说:“德温特夫人在世时,可从来不抱怨什么的。”这位丹弗斯太太如今在干什么呢?还有那个费弗尔。我记得,正是丹弗斯太太脸上的那种表情,使我第一次感到局促不安。直觉告诉我:“她在拿我与吕蓓卡相比呢。”接着一个魔影就像利剑似地插到我俩中间来了……
   啊,现在这一切总算过去,总算与之一刀两断了!我不再受到折磨,我俩终于自由了。就连忠心耿耿的杰斯珀也进了愉快的天国,而且曼陀丽也已不复存在!它是深埋在密林杂乱之中的一个空壳,就像我在梦中见到的那样,一片荒芜,成了野鸟栖息的处所。有时也许会走来一个流浪汉,在突如其来的一阵暴雨中想找个躲避的地方。倘若来人是个胆大的汉子,那就不妨泰然在那儿走一走;但如果是个胆小鬼,是个鬼鬼祟祟偷人地界的不速之客,那么曼陀丽的林子可不是他逗留的地方。他也许会碰上海角处的那座小屋,在那倾坛的屋顶下,听着淅沥的细雨声,他决不会觉得自在。那里也许还残留着某种阴森逼人的气氛……车道的那个转角——树木在那儿侵入沙砾路面——也不宜驻足流连,特别是在太阳落山以后。树叶飒飒作响,很像一个穿晚礼眼的女人在踯躅走动;当树叶突然一阵颤抖,纷纷飘落在地的时候,那啪哒啪哒的声响,说不定正是她匆忙的脚步声,而沙砾路上的凹陷说不定就是她缎面高跟鞋留下的痕迹。
   每逢我忆起这些往事的时候,我总要站在阳台上去看看景色,松一口气。这儿的阳光耀眼夺目,没有一丝阴影偷偷潜来将它遮掩。石砌的葡萄园在阳光下闪闪发光,紫茉莉花染着尘埃,泛出白色。也许有一天我会深情地看待这一切,而目前倘使它还未使我产生爱慕之情,至少给了我足够的自信。自信是我十分珍视的品格,当然在这一生中,我的自信心来得未免太晚一点。我想,最终使我一扫怯懦的因素,是他毕竟依靠着我了。不管怎么说,我总算摆脱了我的自卑、胆寒和怯生的羞态,与初次乘车去曼陀丽时相比,已经判若两人:那时候,我充满着急切的希望,处处为极度的笨拙所掣肘,还拼命想取悦于人。我所以会给丹弗斯太太之流留下那么恶劣的印象,自然是因为我举止失当。在吕蓓卡之后,我在人们心目中的形象是什么样的呢?记忆像座桥梁,把岁月沟通,我可以回忆起自己当时的形象:一头平直的短发,稚嫩而不敷脂粉的脸蛋,衣裙均不合身,还穿着我自己裁制的短褂,像个羞怯失措的小妞儿,跟在范·霍珀夫人的后面。她总是领着我去吃午饭,她那五短身材在摇晃的高跟鞋上很难保持住平衡;那件过分俗艳的折边短外套,衬托出她肥大的胸部和扭摆的臂部;还有那顶新帽子,上面插一支其大无比的羽毛,歪斜地覆在脑袋上,露出一前额,光秃秃犹如小学生裤子的膝盖部。她一手拎个大提包,就是人们放护照、约会录和桥牌得分册的那类手提包;另一只手总是玩弄着那副永不离身的长柄眼镜——他人私生活的大敌。她总是走向餐厅角落临窗处的一张桌子,那桌子通常总由她占坐。她把夹鼻眼镜举到自己猪似的小眼睛前,左右巡视一番,然后就让眼镜听其自然地落下,悬在黑缎带上,再发一通表示厌烦的感叹:“知名人物一个也没有!我要对经理说去,他们必须削减我的旅馆费。他们不想一想我到这儿来干什么的,难道是专来看那些茶房的不成?”接着她就把侍者召到身边,说话的声音尖利而继续,像把锯子撕裂着空气。
   今天我们进膳的小饭馆,同蒙特卡洛“蔚蓝海岸”旅馆富丽豪华的大餐厅相比,真是大相径庭;拿我眼下的伴侣与范·霍珀夫人相比,更有天壤之别:他这会儿正用那双稳健的、长相很美的手,沉静而有条不紊地剥着一只柑桔,时而还抬起头来朝我莞尔一笑;而那位范·霍珀夫人则是用戴着珠宝戒指的圆滚滚手指,不住地在自己堆满五香碎肉卷的盘子里东翻西扒,还不时疑神疑鬼地朝我的盘子膜上一眼,怕我的口福比她好。其实她根本用不着操这份心,因为侍者凭着干这一行的不可思议的敏感,早就觉察到我是她的下人,地位微贱,于是给我端来一盘火腿拼猪舌,这盘茶大概是哪位顾客嫌切割得不成样子,半小时前退还到冷食柜去的。侍仆们的那种嫌弃态度,还有那种明显的不耐烦,也真有点怪。我记得有一回同范·霍珀夫人住在乡下,那客店的女佣对我胆怯的铃声从不理会,我的鞋子也不给拿来,而冰冷的早茶总是像垃圾似的堆在我的卧室门外。在“蔚蓝海岸”情形也一样,只是没有这么过分罢了。但有时故意的冷淡竟变成了恼人的无礼嘻笑,以致从旅馆接待员那儿买张邮票简直是活受罪,巴不得能躲开才好。那时,我一定显得年幼无知,而自己当时也深深感觉到这一点。一个人要是太敏感,太不识世故,听着一些其实很平常的言词,就会从中辨出许多影射和挖苦的意思来。
   那盘火腿拼猪舌,至今仍历历在目,它们被切成楔形块儿,于巴巴的没有卤汁,一点也引不起食欲。但我没有勇气拒绝这个拼盘。我们一声不吭地吃着,因为范·霍珀夫人喜欢把全副心思放在饭菜上。辣酱油打她下巴上流下,从这一点,我看得出那盘五香碎肉卷很合她的口味。
   看她吃得那么欢,可一点没能使我对自己点的那盆冷菜引起兴趣,因此我就把目光从她身上移开。这时,我看见挨着我们的那张桌子,三天以来一直空着,如今又有人来占坐了。餐厅侍者领班正用他那种专对特殊主顾施行的躬身礼,把新客人引到座位上来。
   范·霍珀夫人放下餐叉,去摸夹鼻眼镜。她直勾勾盯着邻座,我真为她害臊。可新来的客人并未注意到她对自己的兴趣,径自对菜单扫了一眼。接着,范·霍珀夫人啪地一声折起长柄眼镜,从桌子那头探身向我,小眼睛激动得闪闪发光,说话的嗓门稍许大了些。
   “这是迈克斯·德温特,”她说。“曼陀丽庄园的主人。这庄园你当然听说过罗。他脸带病容,对吗?听人说,他妻子死了,给他的打击太大,一时还没恢复过来……”
  
首页>> 文学论坛>> 言情>> 达夫妮·杜穆里埃 Daphne du Maurier   英国 United Kingdom   温莎王朝   (1907年5月13日1989年4月19日)