shǒuyè>> wénxué>> 推理侦探>> nán dào 'ěr Arthur Conan Doyle   yīng guó United Kingdom   wēn suō wáng cháo   (1859niánwǔyuè22rì1930niánqīyuè7rì)
wéi 'ěr de liè quǎn The Hound of the Baskervilles
  yīng guó zuì wēi wàng de wén xué píng jiā yuē hàn · kǎi huì liǎo xiǎo shuōshī sǎnwén děng zhǒng cái de zuò pǐntiǎo xuǎn liǎo zhòng liàng zuò jiā men de jīng diǎn zuò pǐnxiàng men tuī jiàn liǎo 20 shì 50 běn zuì lìng rén yuè de shūtuī jiàn de wéi yuán jiù shì héng héng shū suǒ dài lái de kuài gǎn jué běn shàng miǎn liǎo míng jiā míng zuò ér shì xuǎn liǎo men xiāng duì bèi shì de jiā zuò zhǒng quán xīn de jiě fāng shìjiāng men zhì gèng guǎng kuò de tǎo lùn bèi jǐng zhī zhōngbāng zhù zhěchóngxīn diǎn rán liǎo yuè hǎo shū de kuài ”。
  
  《 wéi 'ěr de liè quǎn jǐn jǐn shì kǒng xiǎo shuō shì 20 shì zuì shén huà gòu zào de xiǎo shuō zhī zhè shuō yòu xiē kuā zhāngjiù lián xià luò · 'ěr huì 'àn shěn xiào zhè zhǒng shuō dàn zhè zhèng shì shì shí zhī suǒ jīng dào liǎo shén huà de jìng jièshì yīn wéi shén huà yàng shèn tòu dào liǎo wén huà de céng miàn bèi fān chéng duō zhǒng yánbèi gǎi biān chéng diàn yǐngdiàn shì dòng huàpiānyīn 'ér wéi qiān bǎi wàn cóng wèi tīng shuō guò nán · dào 'ěr de rén men suǒ shú zhī
  
  19 shì de zuò jiā men kāi shǐ chuàng zuò huàn tuī xiǎo shuō bìng fēi qiǎo shǐ wén sēn dehuà shēn shì H.G. wēi 'ěr deshí guāng 》。 19 shì 70 nián dài kāi shǐ tuī xíng de chū děng jiào zhì dǎo zhì liǎo xīn de yuè zhòng de chǎn shēng men méi yòu shòu guò gāo děng jiào què wàng huó dòngbāo kuò dào 'ěr zài nèi de zuò jiā men jiē shòu liǎo zhè tiǎo zhàn men yào chuàng zhǒng shù zhì de fēng dàn shì men zhuā zhù zhòng xiǎng xiàng zuì shēn chù de kǒng wàng bìng jiāng zhū xiǎo shuō chuàng zuò huàn tuī xiǎo shuō jiù zhè yàng dàn shēng liǎo,《 wéi 'ěr de liè quǎnjiù shì zhōng zhī
  
   zhèng yuē hàn · 'ěr suǒ shuōxiàng zhēng wáng de liè quǎn shì quǎn dòng zhōng yuán zuì zǎo deā jiù shì zuì zǎo de jìzǎiā shì 'āi de láng tóu rén shēn shén shǒu wèi wáng zhěmín jiān chuán shuō zhōng jīng cháng hēi quǎn xíng xiàng chū xiànchōng dāng guǐ de cái 'ěr huāng huà shēn wéi shòu dàn lǐng dǎo zài tiān jiān shòu liè de liè quǎn yòu shén 'ér kǒng de cǎi
  
   dàn shì dào 'ěr de 'ěr liè quǎn shì jué duì shì 20 shì de huàn xiǎo shuō yuán yīn jiù zài jué xìn 'ěr tuī chóng xìng jìn fǎn duì zhuāng shén nòng guǐ de xiǎo shuōzhè shì fēi cháng míng zhì deliè quǎn què què shí shí cún zàiér qiě rén jiàn dào jiù huì jiān jiào zhe bēn xiàng wángdàn shí zhǐ shì zhǐ shēn shàng liǎo lín de gāo de liè gǒu 'ěr zuǒ lún shǒu qiāng de liù dàn jiù ràng yǒng yuǎn xiāo shī héng héng 'ā de hòu dài guò
  
   zài dào 'ěr xīn 'ér yǒng gǎn de xiǎng xiàng shì jiè xué dài liǎo xìn wéi 'ěr de xīn chéng rén jué dìng yòng diàn lái sàn lǎo de yīn mái。“ zài tīng qián zhuāng shàng yīháng qiān zhī guāng de tiān 'é pái 'ài shēng pái de dēng pàodào shí nín jiù zài rèn chū zhè zhuāng yuán liǎo。” dào 'ěr de shù yòu zhǒng xiāng dāng xiàn dài de qīng gǎnbìng liǎo hán hùn huì nòng xuán guǒ ràng tóng shí dài de suǒ wèi xué wèn jiā men lái miáo xiě tóng yàng de shì piàn de zhǎo rán huì bèi xiàng zhēng zhù tián mǎn xiàng zhēng xìngxié 'è huò zhě luò shídàn zài dào 'ěr xià jǐn jǐn shì kuài zhǎo héng héng kuài gài zhe fàn de cǎn jiào de xiǎo zhèng tuō de kǒng wáng xiàn jǐng héng héng jǐn 'ér liú dài zhě men suǒ de xiē huàn de chōu xiàngbìng fēi yóu 'ér
  
   xiǎo shuō de shè huì zhì jīng liǎo xīn héng kuà liǎo yīng lán de guò héng héng cóng 'ěr huāng yuán shàng de shǐ qián zhù dào wéi 'ěr zhuāng yuán tīng 17 shì 、 18 shì de huà xiàng wéi 'ěr chuán shuō zhōng de guì shì de cán bào zhǐ shǔ guò xīn chéng rén zài jiā gēngzhòngzài měi jiān shēng huó shēn shàng dài yòu zhǒng měi zhōu shì de mín zhù zhìzài dào 'ěr yǎn zhè yàng de zhì jiāng gǎi biàn zhěng shì jiè
  
   jìn guǎn yòu zhè xiē xiàn dài xìn de cún zàidào 'ěr hái shì yòng shén kǒng jiāng de shì chóngchóng bāo guǒ lái shì jié wěi chán rào zhǎo de nóng nóng de zài 'ěr liè shì zhōngtōng cháng shì bèi jǐng yào shì qíng jié gèng wéi zhòng yàoyīn wéi de shū huì ràng zhě gǎn jué xiū xián cóng róng yòng liáo liáo shù yíng zào fēn héng héng jiān yìng de yánzhī mào shèng de zhǎo zhí ràng rén máo sǒng rán de bàn jiān jiào xiào guǒ zhuóshí lìng rén nán wàng shǐ zǎo wàng liǎo de shì qíng jié chǎng jǐng hái shì jiǔ jiǔ yíng rào zài nǎo hǎi huī zhī yīn jìn guǎn 'ěr hěn xiǎng sàn kǒng xìndàn shì men réng jiù cún zài xiǎo shuō dāng zhōng
  
   yóu 'ér yánjìn guǎn 'ěr zhuī qiú xìng xué hái shì zhé kòu de shù shī tuī lùn de běn lǐng wán quán chāo xiǎng xiàng shèn zhì zài shēng cóng kǒu dài tāo chū wéi 'ěr chuán shuō de yuán gǎo zhī qián jiù duàn dìng chū xiě 18 shì chūér tuī de gēn héng héngcháng S duǎn S de huàn yònghéng héng zài wén shū xué jiā kàn lái shì gēn běn bùzúwèi de 'ěr shì jiù shì chōng mǎn liǎo zhè xiē shì men kàn chōng mǎn liǎo xué xìngshí shàng mǎn liǎo men liè de xīn men xiǎng biàn shàn tuī dàn què zuò dào,《 wéi 'ěr de liè quǎnzhèng shì jiāng men de zhè zhǒng shī bài huà liǎoguān zhè diǎnméi yòu shénme néng zhè xiǎo shuō gèng diǎn xíng de 20 shì


  The Hound of the Baskervilles is a crime novel by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle featuring the detective Sherlock Holmes. Originally serialised in the Strand Magazine from August 1901 to April 1902, it is set largely on Dartmoor in Devon in England's West Country and tells the story of an attempted murder inspired by the legend of a fearsome, diabolical hound.
  
  Origins
  
  Sir Conan Doyle wrote this story shortly after returning from South Africa where he had worked as a volunteer physician at the Langman Field Hospital in Bloemfontein. He was assisted with the plot by a 30-year-old Daily Express journalist called Bertram Fletcher Robinson (1870-1907). His ideas came from the legend of Richard Cabell, who was the inspiration of the Baskerville legend. His tomb can be seen in the Devon town of Buckfastleigh. Squire Richard Cabell lived during the 17th century and was the local squire at Buckfastleigh. He had a passion for hunting and was what in those days described as a 'monstrously evil man'. He gained this reputation for, amongst other things, immorality and having sold his soul to the Devil. There was also a rumour that he had murdered his wife. On the 5th of July 1677, he died and was laid to rest in 'the sepulchre,' but that was only the beginning of the story. The night of his interment saw a phantom pack of hounds come baying across the moor to howl at his tomb. From that night onwards, he could be found leading the phantom pack across the moor, usually on the anniversary of his death. If the pack were not out hunting, they could be found ranging around his grave howling and shrieking. In an attempt to lay the soul to rest, the villagers built a large building around the tomb, and to be doubly sure a huge slab was placed on top of the grave to stop the ghost of the squire escaping.
  
  Conan Doyle's description of Baskerville Hall was inspired by a visit to Cromer Hall in Norfolk. Some elements of the story were inspired by a stay at the Royal Links Hotel in West Runton, where Conan Doyle first heard the story of Black Shuck, the ghost dog from the Cromer area, which is said to run between Overstrand in the east and East Runton in the west. It is authoritatively noted that Baskerville Hall as first seen by Watson closely resembles the view of Stonyhurst College from its driveway during its first century (founded 1794).
  Main characters
  
  Sherlock Holmes – Holmes is the famed 221b Baker Street detective with a keen eye, hawked nose, and the trademark hat and pipe. Holmes is observation and intuition personified, and though he takes a bit of a back seat to Watson in this story, we always feel his presence. It takes his legendary powers to decipher the mystifying threads of the case.
  
  Dr. Watson - The novel's narrator. Dr. Watson gives assistance to Holmes and interested in the detective's adventures. In Hound, Watson tries his hand at Holmes' game, expressing his eagerness to please and impress the master by solving such a tough case.
  
  Sir Henry Baskerville - The late Sir Charles's nephew and closest living relative. Sir Henry is described as "a small, alert, dark-eyed man about thirty years of age, very sturdily built." By the end of the story, Henry is as shocked as his late uncle was before his death.
  
  Sir Charles Baskerville - The head of the Baskerville estate. Sir Charles was a superstitious man, and terrified of the Baskerville curse and his waning health at the ... time of his death. Sir Charles was also a well-known philanthropist, and his plans to invest in the regions surrounding his estate make it essential that Sir Henry move to Baskerville Hall to continue his uncle's good works.
  
  Sir Hugo Baskerville - A Baskerville ancestor, Sir Hugo is the picture of aristocratic excess, drinking and pursuing pleasures of the flesh until the hound killed him.
  
  Dr. Mortimer - Family friend and doctor to the Baskervilles. Mortimer is a tall, thin all-around nice guy and the executor of Charles's estate. Mortimer is also a phrenology enthusiast, and he wishes and hopes to someday have the opportunity to study Holmes' tricks.
  
  Mr. Jack Stapleton - A thin and bookish-looking one-time schoolmaster, Stapleton chases butterflies and reveals his short temper only at key moments. A calm façade masks the scheming, manipulative villain that Holmes and Watson come to respect and fear.
  
  Miss Beryl Stapleton - Allegedly Stapleton's sister, this dusky Latin beauty turns out to be his wife. Eager to prevent another death but terrified of her husband, she provides enigmatic warnings to Sir Henry and Watson.
  
  Mr. John Barrymore and Mrs. Eliza Barrymore - The longtime domestic helpers of the Baskervilles. Earnest and eager to please, the portly Mrs. Barrymore and her husband figure as a kind of support for the detectives, in association with Selden, but ultimately no more suspicious than Sir Henry.
  
  Laura Lyons - A local young woman, beautiful daughter of "Frankland the crank," the local litigator who disowned her when she married against his will. Subsequently abandoned by her husband, the credulous Laura turns to Mr. Stapleton and Charles for help.
  
  Selden - A murderous villain, whose crimes are out of description. This convict is humanised by his connection with the Barrymores. He has a haggardly appearance. His only wish is to flee his persecutors and escape to South America.
  Plot
  Aune Mire, a typical Dartmoor bog
  Curse of Baskerville-A Flashback
  
  Sir Charles was found dead in the yew valley due to heart attack. Fearing for the safety of Sir Charles’s nephew Sir Henry, who is coming to London from Canada, Dr. Edward Mortimer appeals for help to Sherlock Holmes. Mortimer reads to Holmes and Watson a description of the origin of the curse written by a descendant of Hugo Baskerville. The curse he believes, chases the Baskervilles for centuries, in revenge for the misdeeds of Sir Hugo Baskerville, who lived in an earlier time. According to the legend, Hugo Baskerville, an evil man with a sadistic streak, became infatuated with a yeoman's daughter, kidnapped her and imprisoned her in his bedchamber. She managed to escape while he was talking with his friends. A drunken and furious Hugo cried that he would give his body and soul to the Powers of Evil if he could only overtake her. He rode after her onto the moor, his hunting hounds upon her scent and his friends in pursuit. Sometime later his friends came upon the bodies of Hugo and the girl. She had died from fear and fatigue, while a giant spectral hound stood over Sir Hugo's body. With his friends watching, the hound plucked out Hugo's throat and disappeared into the night.
  Present day
  
  Mortimer has deduced that Sir Charles had been waiting for someone at the time of his death. Sir Charles' face was contorted into a ghastly expression. His footprints suggested that he was desperately running from something. It was known that elderly Sir Charles' heart was not strong, and that he planned to go to London the next day. Mortimer also reveals that he observed the footprints "of a gigantic hound" near Sir Charles' body, a fact he did not reveal at the inquest into the death. Intrigued by the case, Holmes meets with Sir Henry, who has arrived from Canada. He is puzzled by an anonymous note delivered to his hotel room, warning him to avoid the moor. The note is composed of letters cut from a newspaper which Holmes recognises as the previous day’s Times. Only the word "moor" is handwritten. The sputtering of the pen and the lack of ink suggest the note was written in an hotel. The fact that the letters were cut with small nail scissors suggests a woman, as does the scent of perfume. This last detail Holmes keeps to himself. When Holmes and Watson join Sir Henry at his hotel, they learn one of his new boots has gone missing. No good explanation can be found for the loss.
  The ghostly black dog of British folklore.
  
  Holmes asked if there were any other relatives besides Henry. Mortimer tells him that Charles had two brothers. Henry is the son of the elder Sir Henry who settled in Canada and raised him in both Canada and the USA. Another brother, Roger, was known to be the family black sheep. A wastrel and inveterate gambler,he "made England too hot to hold him" and left for South America to avoid creditors. He is believed to have died there alone.
  
  Despite the note's warning, Sir Henry insists on visiting Baskerville Hall. As Sir Henry leaves Holmes' Baker Street apartment, Holmes and Dr Watson follow him and spy a man with a fake-looking black beard in a cab also following him. He escapes when chased but Holmes catches the cab number. Holmes then stops in at a messenger office and employs a young boy, Cartwright, to go around to the hotels and look through the wastepaper in search of a cut-up copy of the Times.
  
  By the time they return to the hotel, Sir Henry has had another boot stolen, an old one now. When the first missing boot is discovered before the meeting is over, Holmes begins to realise they must be dealing with a real hound (hence the emphasis on the scent of the used boot). When conversation turns to the man in the cab, Mortimer says that Barrymore, the servant at Baskerville Hall, has a beard, and a telegram is sent to check on his whereabouts. The inheritance is also discussed – while it is a sizable amount, the next in line is James Desmond, an elderly clergyman with little interest in wealth.
  
  At the end of the meeting, it is decided that, Holmes being tied up in London with other cases, Watson will accompany Sir Henry to the Hall and report back in detail. Later that evening, telegrams from Cartwright (who was unable to find the newspaper) and Baskerville Hall (where Barrymore apparently is) bring an end to those leads. Also, a visit from John Clayton, who was driving the cab with the black-bearded man, is of little help. He does say that the man told him that he was the detective Holmes, much to the surprise and amusement of the actual Holmes.
  Watson takes charge
  The Great Bittern
  
  Mortimer, Watson, and Sir Henry set off for Baskerville Hall the following Saturday. The baronet is excited to see it and his connection with the land is clear, but the mood is soon dampened. Soldiers are about the area, on the lookout for the escaped convict Selden, who committed a vicious murder. Barrymore and his wife tell the baronet they wish to depart Baskerville Hall as soon as is convenient, and the Hall is, in general, a somber place. Watson has trouble sleeping that night, and hears a woman sobbing. The next morning Barrymore denies that it was his wife, who is one of only two women in the house. Watson sees Mrs. Barrymore later in the morning, however, and observes clear evidence that she has indeed been weeping.
  
  Watson checks with the postmaster in Grimpen village and learns that the telegram was not actually delivered into the hands of Barrymore, so it is no longer certain that he was at the Hall, and not in London. On his way back, Watson meets Jack Stapleton, a naturalist familiar with the moor even though he has only been in the area for two years. They hear a moan that the peasants attribute to the hound, but Stapleton attributes it to the cry of a bittern, or possibly the bog settling. He then runs off after a specimen of the butterfly Cyclopedes, which was still found on Dartmoor until the 1860s. Watson is not alone for long before Beryl Stapleton, Jack's sister, approaches him. Mistaking him for Sir Henry, she urgently warns him to leave the area, but drops the subject when her brother returns. The three walk to Merripit House (the Stapletons’ home), and during the discussion, Watson learns that Stapleton used to run a school. Though he is offered lunch and a look at Stapleton’s collections, Watson departs for the Hall. Before he gets far along the path, Miss Stapleton overtakes him and retracts her warning. Watson notices that the brother and sister don't look very much alike.
  
  Sir Henry soon meets Miss Stapleton and becomes romantically interested, despite her brother’s intrusions. Watson meets another neighbour, Mr. Frankland, a harmless eccentric whose primary pastime is initiating lawsuits. Barrymore draws increasing suspicion, as Watson sees him late at night walk with a candle into an empty room, hold it up to the window, and then leave. Realising that the room has a view out on the moor, Watson and Sir Henry determine to figure out what is going on.
  
  Meanwhile, during the day, Sir Henry continues to pursue Beryl Stapleton until her brother runs up on them and yells angrily. He later explains to the disappointed baronet that it was not personal, he was just afraid of losing his only companion so quickly. To show there are no hard feelings, he invites Sir Henry to dine with him and his sister on Friday.
  Photograph of prisoners at Dartmoor Prison tied together carrying a cart out the gates, circa 1900.
  Escaped convict
  
  Sir Henry then becomes the person doing the surprising, when he and Watson walk in on Barrymore, catching him at night in the room with the candle. Barrymore refuses to answer their questions, since it is not his secret to tell, but Mrs. Barrymore’s. She tells them that the runaway convict Selden is her brother and the candle is a signal to him that food has been left for him. When the couple return to their room, Sir Henry and Watson go off to find the convict, despite the poor weather and frightening sound of the hound. They see Selden by another candle, but are unable to catch him. Watson notices the outlined figure of another man standing on top of a tor with the moon behind him, but he likewise gets away.
  
  Barrymore is upset when he finds out that they tried to capture Selden, but when an agreement is reached to allow Selden to flee the country, he is willing to repay the favor. He tells them of finding a mostly burnt letter asking Sir Charles to be at the gate at the time of his death. It was signed with the initials L.L. Mortimer tells Watson the next day those initials could stand for Laura Lyons, Frankland’s daughter. She lives in Coombe Tracey. When Watson goes to talk to her, she admits to writing the letter in hopes that Sir Charles would be willing to help finance her divorce, but says she never kept the appointment.
  
  Frankland has just won two law cases and invites Watson in, as his carriage passes by, to help him celebrate. Barrymore had previously told Watson that another man lived out on the moor besides Selden, and Frankland unwittingly confirms this, when he shows Watson through his telescope the figure of a boy carrying food. Watson departs the house and goes in that direction. He finds the prehistoric stone dwelling where the unknown man has been staying, goes in, and sees a message reporting on his own activities. He waits, revolver at the ready, for the unknown man to return.
  Holmes reappears
  
  The unknown man proves to be Holmes. He has kept his location a secret so that Watson would not be tempted to come out and so he would be able to appear on the scene of action at the critical moment. Watson’s reports have been of much help to him, and he then tells his friend some of the information he’s uncovered – Stapleton is actually married to the woman passing as Miss Stapleton, and was also promising marriage to Laura Lyons to get her cooperation. As they bring their conversation to an end, they hear a ghastly scream.
  One of Grimspound's hut circles where Holmes might have sought shelter
  
  They run towards the sound and finding a body, they mistake it for Sir Henry. As their misery and regret grow, they realise it is actually the escaped convict Selden, the brother of Mrs Barrymore, dressed in the baronet’s old clothes (which had been given to Barrymore by way of further apology for distrusting him). Then Stapleton appears, and while he makes excuses for his presence, Holmes announces that he will return to London the next day, his investigations having produced no result.
  
  Holmes and Watson return to Baskerville Hall where, over dinner, the detective stares at Hugo Baskerville's portrait. Calling Watson over after dinner he covers the hair to show the face, revealing its striking likeness to Stapleton. This provides the motive in the crime – with Sir Henry gone, Stapleton could lay claim to the Baskerville fortune, being clearly a Baskerville himself. When they return to Mrs. Lyons’s apartment, Holmes' questioning forces her to admit Stapleton’s role in the letter that lured Sir Charles to his death. They go to the railroad station to meet Det. Inspector Lestrade, whom Holmes has called in by telegram.
  
  Under the threat of advancing fog, Watson, Holmes, and Lestrade lie in wait outside Merripit House, where Sir Henry has been dining. When the baronet leaves and sets off across the moor, Stapleton looses the hound. It really is a terrible beast, but Holmes and Watson manage to shoot it before it can hurt Sir Henry seriously, as well as discovering that its hellish appearance was acquired by means of phosphorus. They discover the beaten Mrs. Stapleton bound and gagged in an upstairs room of Merripit House. When she is freed, she tells them of Stapleton’s hideout deep in the Great Grimpen Mire. They look for him next day, unsuccessfully, as he is dead, having lost his footing and being sucked down into the foul and bottomless depths of the mire. Holmes and Watson are only able to find and recover Sir Henry's boot used by Stapleton to give the hound Sir Henry's scent.
  Epilogue
  
  Some weeks later, Watson questions Holmes about the Baskerville case. Holmes reveals that Stapleton is the son of Rodger Baskerville, Sir Charles' younger brother, and with the same name as his father. Although believed to have died unmarried, Rodger Baskerville had married and had a son. The son John Rodger Baskerville, after embezzling public money in Costa Rica, took the name Vandeleur and fled to England where he used the money to fund a Yorkshire school. Unfortunately for him, the tutor he had hired died of consumption, and after an epidemic of the disease killed three students the school itself failed. Now using the name Stapleton, Baskerville/Vandeleur fled with his wife to Dartmoor. He apparently supported himself by burglary, engaging in four large robberies and pistolling a page who surprised him.
  
  Having learned the story of the hound, he resolved to kill off the remaining Baskervilles so that he could come into the inheritance as the last of the line. He had no interest in the estate and simply wanted the inheritance money. He purchased the hound and hid it in the mire at the site of an abandoned tin mine.
  
  On the night of his death, Sir Charles had been waiting for Laura Lyons. The cigar ash at the scene ("the ash had twice dropped from his cigar") showed he had waited for some time. Instead he met the hound, that had been trained by Stapleton and covered with phosphorus to give it an unearthly appearance. Sir Charles ran for his life, but then had the fatal heart attack which killed him. Since dogs do not eat or bite dead bodies, it left him there untouched.
  
  Stapleton followed Sir Henry in London, and also stole his new boot but later returned it, since it had not been worn and thus lacked Sir Henry's scent. Holmes speculated that the hotel bootblack had been bribed to steal an old boot of Henry's instead. The hound pursued Selden to his death in a fall because he was wearing Sir Henry's old clothes.
  
  On the night the hound attacked Sir Henry, Stapleton's wife had refused to have any further part in Stapleton's plot, but her abusive husband beat and tied her to a pole to prevent her from warning him.
  
  In Holmes' words: "..he (Stapleton) has for years been a desperate and dangerous man.." It was his consuming interest in entomology that allowed Holmes to identify him as the same man as Vandeleur, the former schoolmaster.
zhāng  xiē luò . 'ěr xiān shēng
  xiē luò · 'ěr xiān shēng zuò zài zhuō bàng zǎo cān chú liǎo shí cháng chè mián zhī wàizǎo chén zǒng shì hěn wǎn de zhàn zài qián de xiǎo tǎn shàng liǎo zuó wǎn wèi rén wàng de shǒu zhàngzhè shì gēn hěn jīng zhì 'ér yòu chén zhòng de shǒu zhàngdǐng duān yòu zhè zhǒng liào chǎn bīn láng míng jiào bīn láng jǐn 'āi dǐng duān de xià miàn shì juàn hěn kuān de yín kuān yuē yòu yīng cùnshàng sòng gěi huáng jiā wài xué yuàn xué shì jié shì · C. de péng yǒu men zèng”, hái yòu nián”。 zhè guò shì gēn jiù shì de rén shēng suǒ cháng yòng de zhǒng zhuāng zhòngjiān 'ér yòu shí yòng de shǒu zhàng
  “ āhuá shēng duì de kàn zěn me yàng?”
   'ěr zhèng bèi duì zhe zuò zài yuán wéi bǎi nòng shǒu zhàng de shì bìng méi yòu jiào jué
  “ zěn me zhī dào zài gànshénme xiǎng de hòu nǎo sháo 'ér shàng dìng cháng liǎo yǎn jīng liǎo 。”
  “ zhì shǎo de yǎn qián fàng zhe hěn liàng de yín fēi 。” shuō,“ shìhuá shēnggào duì zán men zhè wèi rén de shǒu zhàng zěn yàng kàn
   hàn de shì zán men méi yòu dào duì lái de mùdì suǒ zhīyīn zhè jiàn wài de niàn pǐn jiù biàn gèng zhòng yào liǎozài zǎi chá kàn guò hòu zhè rén gěi xíng róng fān 。”
  “ xiǎng,” jìn liàng yán yòng zhe zhè wèi huǒ bàn de tuī fāng shuō,“ cóng rèn shí de rén men sòng gěi zhè jiàn yòng lái biǎo shì jìng de niàn pǐn lái kàn shēng shì wèi gōng chéng míng jiùnián suì jiào de xué jiè rén shìbìng qiě hěn shòu rén zūn jìng。”
  “ hǎo !” 'ěr shuō:“ hǎo liǎo!”
  “ hái rèn wéi hěn néng shì wèi zài xiāng cūn xíng de shēngchū zhěn shí duō bàn shì xíng de。”
  “ wèishénme ?”
  “ yīn wéi zhè gēn shǒu zhàng yuán lái suī hěn piào liàng shì jīng pèng hěn hài liǎohěn nán xiǎng xiàng wèi zài chéng xíng de shēng hái kěn zhe xià duān suǒ zhuāng de hòu tiě bāo tóu jīng sǔn hěn hài liǎoyīn xiǎn rán céng yòng zǒu guò hěn duō de 。”
  “ wán quán zhèng què!” 'ěr shuō
  “ hái yòu shàng miàn zhe C.C.H. de péng yǒu men cāi xiǎngsuǒ zhǐ de gài shì liè rén huì yīn wéi liè rén(H de tóu shìH, suǒ huá shēng tuī xiǎngC.C.H. néng shì shénme liè rén huì zhì míng chēng de suō xiě héng héng zhě zhù néng céng jīng gěi dāng de zhè liè rén huì de huì yuán men zuò guò xiē wài zhì liáoyīn men cái sòng liǎo zhè jiàn xiǎo biǎo shì chóu xiè。”
  “ huá shēng zhēn shì yòu zhǎngjìn liǎo,” 'ěr miàn shuō zhe miàn xiàng hòu tuī liǎo tuībìng diǎn liǎo zhī zhǐ yān,“ néng shuōzài xīn wèiwǒ xiē wēi xiǎo de chéng jiù suǒ zuò de qiē jìzǎi miàn jīng guàn de néng liǎo běn shēn bìng néng guāngdàn shì shì guāng de chuán dǎo zhěyòu xiē rén běn shēn méi yòu tiān cái shì yòu zhe guān de tiān cái de liàng chéng rènqīn 'ài de huǒ bàn zhēn shì tài gǎn liǎo。”
   qián cóng lái méi yòu jiǎng guò zhè me duō de huà fǒu rèn de huà gěi liǎo de kuài yīn wéi guò duì duì de qīn pèi jiāng de tuī fāng gōng zhū zhòng suǒ zuò de cháng shì bào rán shì zhī de tài zhè yàng hěn shāng de zūn xīnér xiàn zài rán néng zhǎng liǎo de fāng bìng qiě shí yìng yòng láihái dào liǎo de zàn xiǎng zhè diǎn jiù gǎn dào hěn jiāo 'àoxiàn zài cóng shǒu zhōng shǒu zhàng liǎo guò yòng yǎn jīng shěn shì liǎo fēn zhōngrán hòu dài zhe hěn gǎn xīng de shén qíng fàng xià liǎo zhǐ yān shǒu zhàng dào chuāng qián yòu yòng fàng jìng zǎi chá kàn lái
  “ suī hěn jiǎn dāndàn hái yòu ,” shuō zhe jiù chóngxīn zài suǒ zuì huān de zhǐ cháng de duān zuò xià liǎo,“ shǒu zhàng shàng què shí yòu liǎng chù néng gòu shuō míng wèn gěi men de tuī lùn gōng liǎo gēn 。”
  “ hái lòu diào liǎo shénme dōng ?” yòu xiē wèn dào,“ xiāng xìn méi yòu zhòng de fāng lüè diào。”
  “ qīn 'ài de huá shēngkǒng de jié lùn fēn dōushì cuò de tǎn bái shuō dāng shuō liǎo de shí hòu de shì shuōzài zhǐ chū miù zhī chù de tóng shíwǎng wǎng jiù yǐn xiàng liǎo zhēn dàn bìng shì shuō zhè wán quán cuò liǎo rén kěn dìng shì wèi zài xiāng cūn xíng de shēngér qiě què shì cháng cháng xíng de。”
  “ me shuō de cāi jiù shì duì de liǎo。”
  “ zhǐ shì dào zhè chéng 'ér 。”
  “ dàn shì jiù shì quán shì shí liǎo。”
  “ qīn 'ài de huá shēngbìng fēi quán héng héng jué shì quán shuō dǎo yuàn chūsòng gěi zhè wèi shēng de zhè jiàn shuō shì lái liè rén huìdǎo shuō shì lái jiā yuànyóu liǎng tóu‘C.C.’ shì fàng zài yuàn zài yīng wén zhōng yuàn de tóu shìH) zhī qián deyīn hěn rán de shǐ rén xiǎng liǎo Cr zhè liǎng lái。”
  “ shì duì liǎo。”
  “ hěn néng shì zhè yàng de guǒ zán men zhè diǎn dāng zuò yòu xiào de jiǎ shè de huà men jiù yòu yòu liǎo xīn de gēn liǎoyóu zhè gēn chū jiù néng duì zhè wèi wèi zhī de lái jìn xíng miáo huì liǎo。”
  “ hǎo jiǎ shè‘C.C.H.’ suǒ zhǐ de jiù shì chá lín shí yuàn me men jiū jìng néng chū shénme jìn de jié lùn ?”
  “ nán dào jiù méi yòu diǎn néng gòu shuō míng wèn de fāng liǎo rán dǒng liǎo de fāng me jiù yìng yòng !”
  “ zhǐ néng xiǎng chū míng xiǎn de jié lùn lái rén zài xià xiāng zhī qián céng zài chéng xíng guò 。”
  “ xiǎng zán men dǎn zhè gèng qián jìn cóng zhè yàng de jiǎo lái kànzuì néng shì zài shénme yàng de qíng kuàng xiàcái huì shēng zhè yàng de zèng de xíng dòng zài shénme shí hòu de péng yǒu men cái huì lián lái xiàng biǎo shì men de hǎo xiǎn rán shì zài wèile xíng kāi 'ér kāi yuàn de shí hòu
   men zhī dào yòu guò zèng de shì men xiāng xìn céng cóng jiā chéng shì yuàn zhuǎn dào xiāng cūn xíng me zán men xià jié lùnshuō zhè shì zài zhè zhuǎn huàn de dāng 'ér sòng de suàn guò fēn 。”
  “ kàn lái dāng rán shì néng de。”
  “ xiàn zài kàn chū lái huì shì zhù yào shīyīn wéi zhǐ yòu dāng rén zài lún dūn xíng yòu liǎo xiāng dāng míng wàng de shí hòucái néng yòu zhè yàng de wèiér zhè yàng de rén jiù huì qiān wǎng xiāng cūn liǎo me jiū jìng shì zuò shí me de guǒ shuō shì zài yuàn gōng zuò 'ér yòu suàn zài zhù yào shī zhī liè me jiù zhǐ néng shì zhù yuàn wài shēng huò zhě shì zhù yuàn nèi shēng héng héng wèi shāo shāo gāo xué yuàn zuì gāo nián de xué shēngér shì zài nián qián kāi de héng héng shì zài shǒu zhàng shàng deyīn de wèi yán dezhōng nián de shēng jiù huà wéi yòu liǎoqīn 'ài de huá shēng shì zhè chū xiàn liǎo wèi qīng nián rén dào sān shí suì 'ǎi qīnān xiàn zhuàng hái yòu zhǐ xīn 'ài de gǒu lüè xíng róng chéng quǎn 'áo quǎn xiǎo。”
   xiāng xìn xiào liǎo láixiē luò · 'ěr xiàng hòu kào zài cháng shàngxiàng tiān huā bǎn shàng zhe piāo dàng dìng de xiǎo yān juàn
  “ zhì hòu fèn jiǎn chá shì fǒu zhèng què,” shuō,“ dàn shì yào xiǎng zhǎo chū yòu guān de nián líng de diǎn láizhì shǎo shì zěn me kùn nán de。” cóng xiǎo xiǎo de fàng xué shū de shū jià shàng xià běn yào shǒu láifān dào rén míng lán de fāng miàn yòu hǎo xìng dedàn zhǐ yòu néng shì men de lái gāo shēng chū liǎo zhè duàn jìzǎi
  “ jié shì · 'èr nián huáng jiā wài xué yuàn wén jùn zhǎo lín pén rén 'èr zhì nián zài chá lín shí yuàn rèn zhù yuàn wài shēngyīn zhù wén bìng shì fǒu dài chuánér huò jié xùn jiào bìng xué jiǎng jīnruì diǎn bìng xué xié huì tōng xùn huì yuáncéng zhù yòu zhǒng dài chuán de xíng zhèng》( zài 'èr nián deliǔ dāo》),[《 liǔ dāo》( yuán wén wéi an e) shì yīng guó de zhǒng xué zhìzhì jīn réng chū bǎnhéng héng zhě zhù]《 men zài qián jìn ?》( zài sān nián sān yuè fèn dexīn xué bào》)。 céng rèn lín pénsuǒ gāo zhǒng cūn děng jiào de guān。”
  “ bìng méi yòu dào běn de liè rén huì 'āhuá shēng!” 'ěr dài zhe cháo nòng de wēi xiào shuō,“ zhèng xiàng suǒ shuō de guān chá jiēguǒ yàng guò shì xiāng cūn shēng jué de tuī lùn shì hěn zhèng què de liǎozhì xiē xíng róng guǒ cuò de huà shuō guò 'ǎi qīnān xiàn zhuàng ’。 gēn de jīng yànzài zhè shì jiè zhǐ yòu dài rén qīnqiè de rén cái huì shōu dào niàn pǐnzhǐ yòu tān gōng míng de rén cái huì fàng lún dūn de shēng 'ér páo dào xiāng cūn zhǐ yòu de rén cái huì zài de děng liǎo xiǎo shí hòu liú xià de míng piànfǎn 'ér liú xià de shǒu zhàng。”
  “ gǒu ?”
  “ jīng cháng shì diāo zhe zhè gēn shǒu zhàng gēn zài zhù rén de hòu miànyóu zhè gēn zhàng hěn zhònggǒu jǐn jǐn diāo zhe de zhōng yāngyīn de yìn jiù néng kàn hěn qīng chǔ liǎocóng zhè xiē yìn jiān de kòngxì kàn lái wéi zhè zhǐ gǒu de xià yào quǎn xià kuānér 'áo quǎn xià zhǎi néng shì duì liǎo dìng shì zhǐ juàn máo de cháng 'ěr huáng quǎn。”
   zhàn liǎo lái miàn shuō zhe miàn zài lái huí zǒu zhe zài xiàng lóu wài chū de chuāng tái qián zhàn zhù liǎo de diào chōng mǎn liǎo xìnyǐn tái tóu lái jīng de yǎn guāng wàng zhe
  “ qīn 'ài de huǒ bànduì zhè diǎn zěn me néng zhè yàng kěn dìng ?”
  “ yuán yīn hěn jiǎn dān xiàn zài jīng kàn dào zhǐ gǒu zhèng zài zán men mén kǒu de tái jiē shàngér qiě zhù rén 'àn líng de shēng yīn chuán liǎo shàng lái yào dòng kěn qiú huá shēng shì de tóng xíng xiōng zài chǎng duì huì yòu bāng zhù
   huá shēngxiàn zài zhēn shì mìng yùn zhī zhōng zuì xìng de shí liǎo tīng dào lóu shàng de jiǎo shēng liǎo zhèng zài zǒu jìn de shēng huó shì jìng zhī dào shì huò shì zhè wèi xué jiè de rén jié shì · shēng yào xiàng fàn zuì wèn zhuān jiā xiē luò · 'ěr qǐng jiào xiē shénme qǐng jìn!”
   zhè wèi rén de wài biǎoduì lái shuō zhēn shì zhí jīng de shìyīn wéi xiān qián liào de shì wèi diǎn xíng de xiāng cūn shēngér què shì yòu gāo yòu shòu de réncháng cháng de xiàng zhǐ niǎo zuǐ chū zài shuāng mǐn ruì 'ér chéng huī de yǎn jīng zhī jiānliǎng yǎn xiāng hěn jìnzài jīn biān yǎn jìng de hòu miàn jiǒng jiǒng guāng chuān de shì zhèyīháng rén cháng 'ài chuān de shì xiāng dāng luò tuòyīn wéi de wài jīng zàng liǎo sǔnsuī rán hái nián qīng shì cháng cháng de hòu bèi jīng wān liǎo zài zǒu de shí hòu tóu xiàng qián tàn zhebìng yòu guì bān de xiáng fēng jìn láiyǎn guāng shàng jiù luò zài 'ěr zhe de shǒu zhàng shàng liǎo huān shēng jiù xiàng páo liǎo guò 。“ tài gāo xīng liǎo!” shuō dào,“ néng kěn dìng jiū jìng shì wàng zài zhè liǎo hái shì wàng zài lún chuán gōng liǎo nìngkě shī zhěng shì jiè yuàn shī zhè gēn shǒu zhàng。”
  “ xiǎng shì jiàn 。” 'ěr shuō
  “ shì dexiān shēng。”
  “ shì chá lín shí yuàn sòng de ?”
  “ shì de liǎng péng yǒu zài jié hūn shí sòng de。”
  “ āi tiān zhēn zāo gāo!” 'ěr yáo zhe tóu shuō
   shēng tòu guò yǎn jìng shāo xiǎn jīng zhǎ liǎo zhǎ yǎn
  “ wèishénme zāo gāo?”
  “ yīn wéi nín jīng luàn liǎo men de xiǎo xiǎo de tuī lùnnín shuō shì zài jié hūn de shí hòushì ?”
  “ shì dexiān shēng jié hūn jiù kāi liǎo yuàn fàng liǎo chéng wéi wèn shēng wèn shēng wéi shēng zhōng zhī wèi zuì gāo zhě wèn shēng tíng zhǐ bān liáo gōng zuò 'ér zhuān mén xié zhù zhěn duàn zhì liáo bān shēng nán zhěn zhì zhī nán bìng zhènghéng héng zhě zhùde quán wàng shìwèile néng jiàn de jiā tíng láizhè yàng zuò shì wán quán yào de。”
  “ ā men zǒng suàn hái méi yòu nòng cuò。” 'ěr shuō dào,“ ǹgjié shì · shì……”
  “ nín chēng xiān shēng hǎo liǎo shì bēi wēi de huáng jiā wài xué yuàn de xué shēng。”
  “ ér qiě xiǎn 'ér jiànhái shì xiǎng jīng de rén。”
  “ duì xué lüè zhī 'èr de rén 'ěr xiān shēng zài guǎng de wèi zhī de hǎi yáng 'àn biān jiǎn bèi de rén xiǎng shì zài duì xiē luò · 'ěr xiān shēng jiǎng huàér shì……”
  “ zhè shì de péng yǒu huá shēng shēng。”
  “ hěn gāo xīng néng jiàn dào nínxiān shēng céng tīng dào rén jiā nín nín péng yǒu de míng xiāng bìng lùnnín shǐ hěn gǎn xīng 'ěr xiān shēng zhēn xiǎng dào huì kàn jiàn zhè yàng cháng cháng de tóu huò shì zhè zhǒng shēn shēn xiàn de yǎn nín fǎn duì yòng shǒu zhǐ yán zhe nín de tóu dǐng gǔfèng xiān shēngzài méi yòu dào nín zhè tóu de shí qián guǒ 'àn zhào nín de tóu zuò chéng xíngduì rèn rén lèi xué guǎn shuō láidōu huì shì jiàn chū de biāo běn bìng xiǎng zhāo rén tǎo yàn shì chéng rèn zhēn shì xiàn nín de tóu 。”
   xiē luò · 'ěr yòng shǒu shì qǐng men de shēng rén zài shàng zuò xià。“ xiān shēng kàn chū láinín yàngshì hěn xīn kǎo běn xíng wèn de rén tóng duì de běn xíng yàng。” shuō dào,“ cóng nín de shí zhǐ shàng néng kàn chū lái nín shì juǎnyān chōu de yóu liǎoqǐng diǎn zhī 。”
   rén chū liǎo juǎnyān zhǐ yān cǎozài shǒu zhōng jīng rén de shú liàn shǒu juàn chéng liǎo zhī cháng cháng de shǒu zhǐ dǒu dòng zhehǎo xiàng kūn chóng de chù yàng
   'ěr hěn píng jìng shì xùn zhuǎn lái zhuǎn de yǎn zhū shǐ kàn chū duì men zhè wèi guài de rén shēng liǎo xīng
  “ rèn wéixiān shēng,” zhōng shuō huà lái liǎo,“ nín zuó wǎn shǎng guāng lái fǎngjīn tiān yòu láikǒng jǐn jǐn shì wèile yán jiū de tóu ?”
  “ xiān shēng shì desuī rán hěn gāo xīng yòu huì zhè yàng zuò suǒ lái zhǎo nín 'ěr xiān shēngshì yīn wéi zhī dào shì quē shí jīng yàn de rénér qiě rán dào liǎo jiàn zuì wéi yán zhòng 'ér yòu wéi shū de wèn yóu què zhī nín shì 'ōu zhōu 'èr wèi zuì gāo míng de zhuān jiā……”
  “ xiān shēngqǐng wènróng xìng zhàn zài wèi de shì shuí ?” 'ěr yòu xiē wèn dào
  “ duì yòu jīng què de xué tóu nǎo de rén lái shuōbèi róng xiān shēng bàn 'àn de shǒu zǒng shì yòu hěn qiáng de yǐn de。”
  “ me nín zhǎo shāng tǎo shì gèng hǎo ?”
  “ xiān shēng shì shuōjiù yòu jīng què de xué tóu nǎo de rén shuō lái shìjiù duì shì de shí jīng yàn shuō láizhòng suǒ gòng zhī denín shì 'èr de liǎodōng
   xiāng xìnxiān shēng bìng méi yòu zài zhī zhōng……”
  “ guò shāo wēi yòu diǎn liǎo,” 'ěr shuō dào,“ xiǎng shēngzuì hǎo qǐng nín yào qiú xié zhù de wèn míng bái gào 。”


  Mr. Sherlock Holmes, who was usually very late in the mornings, save upon those not infrequent occasions when he was up all night, was seated at the breakfast table. I stood upon the hearth-rug and picked up the stick which our visitor had left behind him the night before. It was a fine, thick piece of wood, bulbous-headed, of the sort which is known as a "Penang lawyer." Just under the head was a broad silver band nearly an inch across. "To James Mortimer, M.R.C.S., from his friends of the C.C.H.," was engraved upon it, with the date "1884." It was just such a stick as the old-fashioned family practitioner used to carry--dignified, solid, and reassuring.
   "Well, Watson, what do you make of it?"
   Holmes was sitting with his back to me, and I had given him no sign of my occupation.
   "How did you know what I was doing? I believe you have eyes in the back of your head."
   "I have, at least, a well-polished, silver-plated coffee-pot in front of me," said he. "But, tell me, Watson, what do you make of our visitor's stick? Since we have been so unfortunate as to miss him and have no notion of his errand, this accidental souvenir becomes of importance. Let me hear you reconstruct the man by an examination of it."
   "I think," said I, following as far as I could the methods of my companion, "that Dr. Mortimer is a successful, elderly medical man, well-esteemed since those who know him give him this mark of their appreciation."
   "Good!" said Holmes. "Excellent!"
   "I think also that the probability is in favour of his being a country practitioner who does a great deal of his visiting on foot."
   "Why so?"
   "Because this stick, though originally a very handsome one has been so knocked about that I can hardly imagine a town practitioner carrying it. The thick-iron ferrule is worn down, so it is evident that he has done a great amount of walking with it."
   "Perfectly sound!" said Holmes.
   "And then again, there is the 'friends of the C.C.H.' I should guess that to be the Something Hunt, the local hunt to whose members he has possibly given some surgical assistance, and which has made him a small presentation in return."
   "Really, Watson, you excel yourself," said Holmes, pushing back his chair and lighting a cigarette. "I am bound to say that in all the accounts which you have been so good as to give of my own small achievements you have habitually underrated your own abilities. It may be that you are not yourself luminous, but you are a conductor of light. Some people without possessing genius have a remarkable power of stimulating it. I confess, my dear fellow, that I am very much in your debt."
   He had never said as much before, and I must admit that his words gave me keen pleasure, for I had often been piqued by his indifference to my admiration and to the attempts which I had made to give publicity to his methods. I was proud, too, to think that I had so far mastered his system as to apply it in a way which earned his approval. He now took the stick from my hands and examined it for a few minutes with his naked eyes. Then with an expression of interest he laid down his cigarette, and carrying the cane to the window, he looked over it again with a convex lens.
   "Interesting, though elementary," said he as he returned to his favourite corner of the settee. "There are certainly one or two indications upon the stick. It gives us the basis for several deductions."
   "Has anything escaped me?" I asked with some self-importance. "I trust that there is nothing of consequence which I have overlooked?"
   "I am afraid, my dear Watson, that most of your conclusions were erroneous. When I said that you stimulated me I meant, to be frank, that in noting your fallacies I was occasionally guided towards the truth. Not that you are entirely wrong in this instance. The man is certainly a country practitioner. And he walks a good deal."
   "Then I was right."
   "To that extent."
   "But that was all."
   "No, no, my dear Watson, not all--by no means all. I would suggest, for example, that a presentation to a doctor is more likely to come from a hospital than from a hunt, and that when the initials 'C.C.' are placed before that hospital the words 'Charing Cross' very naturally suggest themselves."
   "You may be right."
   "The probability lies in that direction. And if we take this as a working hypothesis we have a fresh basis from which to start our construction of this unknown visitor."
   "Well, then, supposing that 'C.C.H.' does stand for 'Charing Cross Hospital,' what further inferences may we draw?"
   "Do none suggest themselves? You know my methods. Apply them!"
   "I can only think of the obvious conclusion that the man has practised in town before going to the country."
   "I think that we might venture a little farther than this. Look at it in this light. On what occasion would it be most probable that such a presentation would be made? When would his friends unite to give him a pledge of their good will? Obviously at the moment when Dr. Mortimer withdrew from the service of the hospital in order to start in practice for himself. We know there has been a presentation. We believe there has been a change from a town hospital to a country practice. Is it, then, stretching our inference too far to say that the presentation was on the occasion of the change?"
   "It certainly seems probable."
   "Now, you will observe that he could not have been on the staff of the hospital, since only a man well-established in a London practice could hold such a position, and such a one would not drift into the country. What was he, then? If he was in the hospital and yet not on the staff he could only have been a house-surgeon or a house-physician--little more than a senior student. And he left five years ago--the date is on the stick. So your grave, middle-aged family practitioner vanishes into thin air, my dear Watson, and there emerges a young fellow under thirty, amiable, unambitious, absent-minded, and the possessor of a favourite dog, which I should describe roughly as being larger than a terrier and smaller than a mastiff."
   I laughed incredulously as Sherlock Holmes leaned back in his settee and blew little wavering rings of smoke up to the ceiling.
   "As to the latter part, I have no means of checking you," said I, "but at least it is not difficult to find out a few particulars about the man's age and professional career." From my small medical shelf I took down the Medical Directory and turned up the name. There were several Mortimers, but only one who could be our visitor. I read his record aloud.
   "Mortimer, James, M.R.C.S., 1882, Grimpen, Dartmoor, Devon. House-surgeon, from 1882 to 1884, at Charing Cross Hospital. Winner of the Jackson prize for Comparative Pathology, with essay entitled 'Is Disease a Reversion?' Corresponding member of the Swedish Pathological Society. Author of 'Some Freaks of Atavism' (Lancet 1882). 'Do We Progress?' (Journal of Psychology, March, 1883). Medical Officer for the parishes of Grimpen, Thorsley, and High Barrow."
   "No mention of that local hunt, Watson," said Holmes with a mischievous smile, "but a country doctor, as you very astutely observed. I think that I am fairly justified in my inferences. As to the adjectives, I said, if I remember right, amiable, unambitious, and absent-minded. It is my experience that it is only an amiable man in this world who receives testimonials, only an unambitious one who abandons a London career for the country, and only an absent-minded one who leaves his stick and not his visiting-card after waiting an hour in your room."
   "And the dog?"
   "Has been in the habit of carrying this stick behind his master. Being a heavy stick the dog has held it tightly by the middle, and the marks of his teeth are very plainly visible. The dog's jaw, as shown in the space between these marks, is too broad in my opinion for a terrier and not broad enough for a mastiff. It may have been--yes, by Jove, it is a curly-haired spaniel."
   He had risen and paced the room as he spoke. Now he halted in the recess of the window. There was such a ring of conviction in his voice that I glanced up in surprise.
   "My dear fellow, how can you possibly be so sure of that?"
   "For the very simple reason that I see the dog himself on our very door-step, and there is the ring of its owner. Don't move, I beg you, Watson. He is a professional brother of yours, and your presence may be of assistance to me. Now is the dramatic moment of fate, Watson, when you hear a step upon the stair which is walking into your life, and you know not whether for good or ill. What does Dr. James Mortimer, the man of science, ask of Sherlock Holmes, the specialist in crime? Come in!"
   The appearance of our visitor was a surprise to me, since I had expected a typical country practitioner. He was a very tall, thin man, with a long nose like a beak, which jutted out between two keen, gray eyes, set closely together and sparkling brightly from behind a pair of gold-rimmed glasses. He was clad in a professional but rather slovenly fashion, for his frock-coat was dingy and his trousers frayed. Though young, his long back was already bowed, and he walked with a forward thrust of his head and a general air of peering benevolence. As he entered his eyes fell upon the stick in Holmes's hand, and he ran towards it with an exclamation of joy. "I am so very glad," said he. "I was not sure whether I had left it here or in the Shipping Office. I would not lose that stick for the world."
   "A presentation, I see," said Holmes.
   "Yes, sir."
   "From Charing Cross Hospital?"
   "From one or two friends there on the occasion of my marriage."
   "Dear, dear, that's bad!" said Holmes, shaking his head.
   Dr. Mortimer blinked through his glasses in mild astonishment.
   "Why was it bad?"
   "Only that you have disarranged our little deductions. Your marriage, you say?"
   "Yes, sir. I married, and so left the hospital, and with it all hopes of a consulting practice. It was necessary to make a home of my own."
   "Come, come, we are not so far wrong, after all," said Holmes. "And now, Dr. James Mortimer ------"
   "Mister, sir, Mister--a humble M.R.C.S."
   "And a man of precise mind, evidently."
   "A dabbler in science, Mr. Holmes, a picker up of shells on the shores of the great unknown ocean. I presume that it is Mr. Sherlock Holmes whom I am addressing and not ------"
   "No, this is my friend Dr. Watson."
   "Glad to meet you, sir. I have heard your name mentioned in connection with that of your friend. You interest me very much, Mr. Holmes. I had hardly expected so dolichocephalic a skull or such well-marked supra-orbital development. Would you have any objection to my running my finger along your parietal fissure? A cast of your skull, sir, until the original is available, would be an ornament to any anthropological museum. It is not my intention to be fulsome, but I confess that I covet your skull."
   Sherlock Holmes waved our strange visitor into a chair. "You are an enthusiast in your line of thought, I perceive, sir, as I am in mine," said he. "I observe from your forefinger that you make your own cigarettes. Have no hesitation in lighting one."
   The man drew out paper and tobacco and twirled the one up in the other with surprising dexterity. He had long, quivering fingers as agile and restless as the antennae of an insect.
   Holmes was silent, but his little darting glances showed me the interest which he took in our curious companion.
   "I presume, sir," said he at last, "that it was not merely for the purpose of examining my skull that you have done me the honour to call here last night and again to-day?"
   "No, sir, no; though I am happy to have had the opportunity of doing that as well. I came to you, Mr. Holmes, because I recognized that I am myself an unpractical man and because I am suddenly confronted with a most serious and extraordinary problem. Recognizing, as I do, that you are the second highest expert in Europe ------"
   "Indeed, sir! May I inquire who has the honour to be the first?" asked Holmes with some asperity.
   "To the man of precisely scientific mind the work of Monsieur Bertillon must always appeal strongly."
   "Then had you not better consult him?"
   "I said, sir, to the precisely scientific mind. But as a practical man of affairs it is acknowledged that you stand alone. I trust, sir, that I have not inadvertently ------"
   "Just a little," said Holmes. "I think, Dr. Mortimer, you would do wisely if without more ado you would kindly tell me plainly what the exact nature of the problem is in which you demand my assistance."
'èr zhāng  wéi 'ěr de zāi huò
  “ kǒu dài yòu piān shǒu gǎo,” jié shì · shēng shuō dào
  “ zài nín jìn shí jiù kàn chū lái liǎo,” 'ěr shuō
  “ shì zhāng jiù shǒu gǎo。”
  “ shì shí shì chū defǒu jiù shì jiǎ zào de liǎo。”
  “ nín zěn me zhī dào de xiān shēng?”
  “ zài nín shuō huà de shí hòu kàn dào shǒu gǎo zhí zhe liǎng yīng cùn de guāng jǐng guǒ wèi zhuān jiā néng fèn wén jiàn de shí xiāngchà chū shí nián zuǒ yòu de huà jiù zhēn shì wèi chàjìn 'ér de bié jiǎo zhuān jiā liǎo néng nín jīng guò liǎo xiě de piān guān zhè wèn de xiǎo lùn pàn duànzhè piān shǒu gǎo shì zài sān nián xiě chéng de。”
  “ què qiē de nián dài shì 'èr nián。” shēng cóng xiōng qián de kǒu dài tāo liǎo chū lái,“ zhè fèn chuán de jiā shūshì chá 'ěr · wéi 'ěr jué shì jiāo tuō gěi desān yuè qián zāo cǎn zài wén jùn yǐn liǎo hěn de jīng kǒng shuō shì de péng yǒutóng shí yòu shì de shēng shì zhì jiān qiáng de rénxiān shēnghěn mǐn ruìjīng yàn fēng bìng yàng jiǎng qiú shí zhè fèn wén jiàn kàn hěn rèn zhēn xīn zǎo zhǔn bèi jiē shòu zhè yàng de jié liǎoér jiēguǒ jìng zhēn de dào liǎo zhè yàng de jié 。”
   'ěr jiē guò liǎo shǒu gǎo píng zài tóu shàng
  “ huá shēng zhù kàncháng duǎnde huàn yòngzhè jiù shì shǐ néng què dìng nián dài de diǎn zhī 。”
   còu zài de jiān hòu kàn zhe zhāng huáng zhǐ tuì liǎo de dǐng shàng xiě zhe wéi 'ěr zhuāng yuán”, zài xià miàn jiù shì liáo cǎo de shù ”。
  “ kàn lái hǎo xiàng shì piān shénme jìzǎi shìde。”
  “ duì liǎoshì guān jiàn zài wéi 'ěr jiā liú chuán de chuán shuō。”
  “ guò xiǎng nín lái zhǎo kǒng shì wèile dāng qián de gèng yòu shí de shì qíng ?”
  “ shì jìn zài yǎn qián de shìzhè shì jiàn zuì wéi xiàn shí de shì liǎo zài 'èr shí xiǎo shí zhī nèi zuò chū jué dìng guò zhè fèn shǒu gǎo hěn duǎnér qiě zhè jiàn shì yòu zhe mìqiè lián guǒ nín yǔn de huà jiù gěi nín tīng。”
   'ěr kào zài bèi shàngliǎng shǒu de zhǐ jiān duì dǐng zài shàng liǎo yǎn jīngxiǎn chū tīng rán de shén qíng jiāng shǒu gǎo xiàng liàng chù gāo kàng 'ér de shēng yīn lǎng zhe xià miàn de 'ér lǎo de shì
  “ guān wéi 'ěr de liè quǎn shì yòu guò hěn duō de shuō suǒ yào xiě xià lái shì yīn wéi xiāng xìn què céng shēng guò xiàng suǒ xiě de zhè yàng de shì shì xiū guǒ · wéi 'ěr de zhí hòu dàizhè jiàn shì shì cóng qīn tīng lái deér qīn yòu shì zhí jiē tīng shuō deér mendàn yuàn men xiāng xìngōng zhèng de shén míng néng gòu chéng xiē yòu zuì de réndàn shì zhǐ yào men néng dǎo huǐ guò lùn fàn liǎo duō me shēn zhòng de zuìyědōu néng dào kuān shù men zhī dào liǎo zhè jiàn shì yòng yīn wéi qián bèi men suǒ de 'è guǒ 'ér kǒng zhǐ yào jiāng lái jǐn shèn jiù liǎo miǎn zán men zhè jiā guò suǒ cháng dào de shēn zhòng de tòng chóngxīn luò zài zán men zhè xiē bài luò de hòu dài shēn shàng
  “ shuō shì zài pàn luàn shí zhǐ yīng guó42 héng166 nián de nèi zhàn 'ér yánhéng héng zhě zhù]( zhēn xīn xiàng men tuī jiànyīnggāi xué de lāi lún dùn nán jué suǒ xiě de shǐ), zhè suǒ wéi 'ěr shà běn wéi xiū guǒ · wéi 'ěr suǒ zhàn yòng fǒu rèn shì zuì bēi zuì shàng de rén liǎoshì shí shàng guǒ zhǐ shì zhè diǎn de huàxiāng lín běn shì yuán liàng deyīn wéi zài zhè shèng jiào cóng lái jiù méi yòu xīng wàng guò de tiān xìng kuáng wàngcán rěnzài shì jiā xiǎo liǎozhè wèi xiū guǒ xiān shēng 'ǒu rán 'ài shàng liǎo guǒ hái néng yòng zhè yàng chún jié de yǎn chēng bēi de qíng de huàzài wéi 'ěr zhuāng yuán jìn zhǒng zhe de zhuāng jià rén de 'ér shì zhè wèi shàonǚ xiàng yòu zhe jǐn yán shèn xíng de hǎo míng shēngdāng rán yào duǒ zhe liǎo kuàng hái de 'è mínghòu lái yòu zài jiéjiào niàn shèng mài (St. ichae de jié měi nián yuè29 )。 héng héng zhě zhù tiānzhè wèi xiū guǒ xiān shēng zhī dào de xiōng liǎ chū mén liǎojiù liù yóu shǒu hǎo xián de xià liú péng yǒu tōu tōu dào jiā zhè niàn qiǎng liǎo huí lái men nòng jìn liǎo zhuāng yuánguān zài lóu shàng de jiān xiǎo xiū guǒ jiù péng yǒu men wéi zuò kuáng huān tòng yǐn lái men zài shì cháng cháng zhè yàng gān dezhè shílóu shàng de wèi lián de niàn tīng dào liǎo lóu xià kuáng luàn hǒu xiē kān 'ěr de zàng shì jīng kǒng wàn fēn zhī suǒ cuò liǎoyòu rén shuōxiū guǒ · wéi 'ěr jiǔ zuì shí suǒ shuō de xiē huà guǎn shì shuí shǐ shì chóngshuō biàn dōukě néng huì zāo dào tiān qiǎnzuì hòu zài kǒng de qíng kuàng zhī xià jìng gān chū lái zhuāng jiù lián zuì yǒng gǎn zuì jiǎo xiá de rén huì wéi zhī shé de shì lái
   cóng chuāng kǒu chū láipān yuán zhe zhì jīn réng mǎn nán qiáng de màn téng yóu fáng yán xià miàn zhí liǎo xià láirán hòu jiù chuān guò zhǎo zhí wǎng jiā páo liǎozhuāng yuán jiā yuē yòu jiǔ yīng de yàng
  “ guò liǎo huì 'érxiū guǒ kāi liǎo réndài zhe shí jiǔ héng héng shuō dìng hái yòu gèng zāo gāo de dōng héng héng jiù zhǎo bèi lái de niàn liǎo shì jìng xiàn lóng zhōng zhī niǎo jīng táo zǒu liǎosuí hòu jiù xiàng zhōng liǎo chōng xià lóu lái dào fàn tīng jiù tiào shàng liǎo cān zhuōyǎn qián de dōng guǎn shì jiǔ píng hái shì pán quándōu bèi fēi liǎo zài péng yǒu miàn qián rǎng nào zhe shuōzhǐ yào dāng wǎn néng zhuī shàng tóu yuàn ròu líng hún quándōu xiàn gěi 'è rèn bǎi dāng xiē zòng jiǔ kuáng yǐn de làng men bèi de bào xià dèng kǒu dāi de shí hòuyòu bié xiōng 'è de jiā huǒ héng héng shì yīn wéi bié rén gèng zuì héng héng jiào zhe shuō yīngdāng liè gǒu fàng chū zhuī xiū guǒ tīng shuō jiù páo liǎo chū gāo qiān bèi 'ān bìng quǎn shè de gǒu quándōu fàng chū lái shàonǚ diū xià de tóu jīn gěi xiē liè gǒu wén liǎo wén jiù men fēng hōng liǎo chū zhè xiē gǒu zài piàn kuáng fèi shēng zhōng wǎng bèi yuè guāng zhào yào zhe de zhǎo shàng kuáng bēn 'ér
  “ zhè xiē làng men dèng kǒu dāi zhàn zhe zhī dào zhè yàng cōng cōng máng máng gǎo liǎo bàn tiān jiū jìng shì zěn me huí shìguò liǎo huì 'ér men cái nòng míng bái liǎo dào zhǎo yào gànshénmejiē zhe yòu dōudà hǎn jiào lái liǎoyòu de rén hǎn zhe yào dài shǒu qiāngyòu de rén zhǎo de yòu de rén shèn zhì hái xiǎng zài dài píng jiǔzuì hòu men fēng kuáng de tóu nǎo zhōng huī liǎo diǎn zhìshí sān rén quán shàng zhuī liǎo xià tóu dǐng shàng de yuè liàng qīng qīng chǔ chǔ zhào zhe men men jǐn kào shùn zhe shàonǚ fǎn jiā de jīng zhī chí 'ér
  “ zài men páo liǎo 'èr yīng de shí hòu dào liǎo zhǎo de rén men hǎn zhe wèn kàn dào liǎo men suǒ zhuī de rén méi yòu shuō rén dāng shí bèi xià jiǎn zhí dōushuō chū huà lái liǎohòu lái zhōng shuō què shí kàn dào liǎo lián de shàonǚhòu miàn hái yòu qún zhuī suǒ zhe de liè gǒu。‘ kàn dào de hái zhǐ zhè xiē ,’ shuō dào,‘ xiū guǒ · wéi 'ěr zhe hēi cóng zhè guò liǎohái yòu zhǐ guǐ shìde liè gǒu shēng xiǎng gēn zài de hòu miànshàng 'ā bié ràng yàng de gǒu gēn zài de hòu miàn!’ xiē zuì guǐ lǎo men liǎo rén dùn jiù yòu zhe gǎn liǎo xià shì jiǔ men jiù bèi xià hún shēn lěng liǎoyīn wéi men tīng dào zhǎo chuán lái liǎo páo de shēng yīnsuí hòu jiù kàn dào liǎo hēi zuǐ liú zhe bái páo liǎo guò ān shàng rénjiāng shéng tuō zài shàngcóng shí xiē làng men jiù dào liǎo yīn wéi men jīng gǎn dào wàn fēn kǒng liǎo shì men zǒng hái shì zài zhǎo qián jìn zhe guǒ men zhǐ shì rén zǒu zài de huà zǎo jiù huì zhuǎn tóu páo huí liǎo men jiù zhè yàng màn màn zhe qián jìnzuì hòu zhōng gǎn shàng liǎo qún liè gǒuzhè xiē gǒu suī rán dōushì xiāo yǒng yōu zhǒng chū míng de shì zhè shí jìng zài zhǎo de tiáo shēn gōu de jìn tóu chùjìng xiāng 'āi míng láiyòu xiē zhǐ jīng táo zhī yāo yāo liǎoyòu xiē jǐng máo zhí shùliǎng yǎn zhí dèng dèng xiàng qián miàn tiáo zhǎi zhǎi de xiǎo gōu wàng zhe
  “ zhè bāng rén zhù liǎo cāi xiǎng dào men xiàn zài chū de shí hòu qīng xǐng duō liǎo zhōng duō shù jīng xiǎng zài qián jìn liǎo shì yòu sān dǎn zuì de héng héng shì zuì zuì hài de héng héng xiàng shān gōu zǒu liǎo xià qián miàn chū xiàn liǎo piàn kuān kuò de píng zhōng jiān zhe liǎng gēn shí zhù héng héng zhì jīn hái kàn dào héng héng shì shí zhī shì shuí lái deyuè guāng kuài kōng zhào hěn liàng yīn jīng kǒng bèi 'ér de shàonǚ jiù tǎng zài kuài kōng de zhōng yāng shì shǐ zhè sān dǎn bāo tiān de jiǔ guǐ máo sǒng rán de shì shàonǚ de shī shì tǎng zài jìn bàng de xiū guǒ · wéi 'ěr de shī ér shì zhàn zài xiū guǒ shēn bàng chě zhe hóu lóng de de dōng zhǐ yòu hēi de chù shēngyàng xiàng zhǐ liè gǒu shì shuí méi jiàn guò zhè yàng de liè gǒuzhèng dāng men kàn zhe jiā huǒ chě xiū guǒ · wéi 'ěr de hóu lóng de shí hòu shǎn liàng de yǎn jīng zhí liú kǒu xián de zuǐ xiàng men zhuǎn liǎo guò láisān rén kàn jiù xià jiào láigǎn máng zhuǎn tóu táo mìng liǎoshèn zhì zài chuān guò zhǎo de shí hòu hái jīng shuō zhōng de yīn wéi kàn dào liǎo jiā huǒ dāng wǎn jiù xià liǎolìng wài liǎng luò zhōng shēn jīng shén shī cháng
  “ de 'ér men 'āzhè jiù shì zhǐ liè gǒu de chuán shuō de lái shuō cóng shí zhǐ gǒu jiù zhí sāo rǎo zhe zán men de jiā suǒ yào xiě xià láihái yīn wéi jué suí biàn tīng dào de dōng cāi de dōng yào zhī dào qīng qīng chǔ chǔ de dōng duō fǒu rènzài zán jiā de rén yòu duō dōushì wèi shàn zhōng desǐde rán cǎn 'ér yòu shén dàn yuàn néng shàng biān 'ài de zhì jiàng děng sān dài zhì dài wéi shèng jīng shì tīng de rén men de 'ér men jiè shàng zhī míng mìng lìng menbìng qiě quàn men yào duō jiā xiǎo xīnqiān wàn yào miǎn zài hēi jiàng línzuì 'è shì 'áo zhāng de shí hòu zǒu guò zhǎo
  “ zhè shì xiū guǒ · wéi 'ěr xiū guǒ · wéi 'ěr wéi zhè piān jiā shū kāi tóu suǒ dào zhī xiū guǒ · wéi 'ěr zhī tóng míng hòu dàihéng héng zhě zhùliú gěi liǎng 'ér luó jié yuē hàn de jiā shūbìng dūn zhǔ 'èr rén wàn jiāng shì gào zhī suō bái
   shēng wán liǎo zhè piān guài de jìzǎi zhī hòu jiù yǎn jìng tuī shàng liǎo qián 'ézhí wàng zhe xiē luò · 'ěr 'ěr wán qiàn jiù yān tóu rēng jìn liǎo huǒ
  “ ǹg?” shuō
  “ nín jué hěn yòu wèi ?”
  “ duì sōu shén huà de rén lái shuōshì hěn yòu wèi de。”
   shēng cóng dài tāo chū lái zhāng zhé dié zhe de bào zhǐ
  “ 'ěr xiān shēngxiàn zài yào gào nín jiàn shēng shí jiān jiào jìn de shìzhè shì zhāng jīn nián yuè shí de wén jùn shì bào》。 shì piān yòu guān tiān qián chá 'ěr · wéi 'ěr jué shì wáng de jiǎn duǎn shù。”
   de péng yǒu shàng shēn shāo xiàng qián qīngshén biàn zhuān zhù lái
   men de lái chóngxīn fàng hǎo liǎo yǎn jìngyòu kāi shǐ liǎo lái
  “ zuì jìnchá 'ěr · wéi 'ěr jué shì zhī bào shǐ běn jùn shèng 'āi dào yúnzài xià jiè xuǎn zhōng rén néng bèi xuǎn wéi zhōng wén jùn yóu dǎng hòu xuǎn rénsuī rán chá 'ěr jué shì zài wéi 'ěr zhuāng yuán zhù jiǔdàn hòu dào kāng kǎi shēn zhōu wéi qún zhòng zhī jìng 'àizhí bào chōng chì zhī shí chá 'ěr zhè yàng zhī míng mén zhī hòujìng néng zhì hái xiāngzhòng zhèn yīn 'è yùn 'ér zhōng shuāi zhī jiā shēngchéng wéi zhī shìzhòng suǒ zhōu zhī zhī chá 'ěr jué shì céng zài nán fēi tóu zhì dàn jiào zhī zhí dào dǎo méi wéi zhǐ de rén men cōng míng dài zhe biàn mài liǎo de cái fǎn huí yīng lún lái dào wéi 'ěr zhuāng yuán guò liǎng niánrén men biàn zài tán lùn zhe páng de chóngjiàn xiū de jìhuàrán jìhuà yīn běn rén shì shì 'ér zhōng duànyīn bìng céng gōng kāi biǎo shìzài yòu shēng zhī zhěng xiāng jiāng dào de zhùyīn yòu hěn duō réndōu bēi dào de bào wángzhì duì běn jùn shàn guān de kāng kǎi juān shūběn lán céng cháng yòu dēngzǎi
  “ yàn shī zhī jiēguǒ shàng wèi néng jiāng chá 'ěr jué shì zhī wáng xiāng guān zhī zhū qíng kuàng nòng qīngzhì shǎo shàng wèi néng xiāo chú yóu dāng zhī xìn suǒ yǐn zhī zhū zhǒng yáo chuánháo yóu huái yòu rèn fàn zuì chéngfènhuò xiǎng xiàng wáng bìng fēi yóu rán yuán yīnchá 'ěr jué shì wéi guān shuō zài mǒu xiē fāng miàn biǎo xiàn jīng shén zhuàng tài yòu xiē fǎn cháng suī yòu cái chǎndàn rén suǒ hǎo què hěn jiǎn dān wéi 'ěr zhuāng yuán zhōng zhī rén zhǐ yòu bái ruì 'èr rénzhàng shì zǒng guǎn dāng guǎn jiā men de bèi péng yǒu zhèng shí liǎo de zhèng shuō míngchá 'ěr jué shì céng yòu jiàn kāng qíng kuàng liáng zhī zhēng xiàngyóu shì diǎn xīn zàng zhèng zhuàngbiǎo xiàn zài miàn gǎi biàn kùn nán yán zhòng de shén jīng shuāi ruò zhě de péng yǒu rén shēng jié shì · wèi gōng liǎo tóng yàng de zhèng míng
  “ àn jiàn shí qíng shèn wéi jiǎn dānchá 'ěr · wéi 'ěr yòu zhǒng guànměi wǎn zài jiù qǐn qián yán wéi 'ěr zhuāng yuán chū míng zhī shuǐ sōng jiā dào sàn bái ruì de zhèng shuō míng zhě zhī guàn què shì yuè chá 'ěr jué shì céng shēng chēng 'èr tiān xiǎng lún dūnbìng céng mìng bái ruì wèitā zhǔn bèi xíng dāng wǎn zhào cháng chū zuò wǎn jiān sàn cháng zhe xuějiā sàn shì zài méi yòu huí láizài shí 'èr diǎn zhōng de shí hòubái ruì xiàn tīng mén hái kāi zhe chī liǎo jīng shì jiù diǎn liǎo dēng lóngchū xún zhǎo zhù réndāng shí wài miàn hěn cháo shīsuǒ yán zhe jiā dào xià hěn róng kàn dào jué shì de xiǎo de zhōng jiān yòu tōng xiàng zhǎo de shān ménzhǒng zhǒng xiàng dōushuō míng chá 'ěr jué shì céng zhàn zài mén qiánrán hòu jiù yán zhe jiā dào zǒu liǎo xià de shī jiù shì zài jiā dào de duān bèi xiàn deyòu jiàn shàng wèi dào jiě shì de shì shí jiù shìbái ruì shuō zhù rén de zài guò liǎo tōng wǎng zhǎo de shān mén hòu jiù biàn liǎo yànghǎo xiàng shì cóng hòu jiù huàn yòng jiān zǒu liǎoyòu jiào zuò fěi de sài fàn dāng shí zhèng zài zhǎo chū shì diǎn yuǎn de fāng shì chéng rèn dāng shí jiǔ zuì hěn hài shuō céng tīng dào guò hǎn shēngdàn shuō qīng shì lái fāngzài chá 'ěr jué shì shēn shàng zhǎo chū zāo shòu bào de hén shì shēng de zhèng míng zhōng céng zhǐ chū miàn róng biàn xíng dào jīhū nán xiāng xìn de chéng detǎng zài miàn qián de jiù shì de péng yǒu bìng rén de shī héng héng jiě shì shuōzhè shì zhǒng zài yīn kùn nán xīn zàng shuāi jié 'ér de shí hòu cháng yòu de xiàn xiàngzhè jiě shì wéi shī jiě pōu suǒ zhèng míngshuō míng cún zài zhe yóu lái jiǔ de guān néng shàng de bìng zhèng yuàn yàn shī guān jiǎo chéng liǎo fèn shēng zhèng míng xiāng de pàn duàn shū jié shù jiū shǔ tuǒ shànyīn chá 'ěr jué shì zhī hòu dài réng jiāng zài zhuāng yuán zhùbìng jiāng xìng wéi zhī zhōng duàn de shàn xíngyīn xiǎn rán diǎn yòu duān zhòng yào xìng yàn shī guān píng fán de xiàn néng zuì hòu miè xiē lín xiāng chuán de yòu guān shì de huāng dàn shì wéi wéi 'ěr zhuāng yuán zhǎo zhù jiù hěn kùn nán liǎo liǎo jiě guǒ shuō jué shì hái yòu huó zhe de zuì jìn de qīn shǔ de huà jiù shì de 'ér hēng · wéi 'ěr xiān shēng liǎo qián céng tīng shuō zhè wèi nián qīng rén zài měi zhōuxiàn jìn xíng diào chá biàn tōng zhī lái jiē shòu zhè wéi shù páng de cái chǎn。”
   bào zhǐ dié hǎofàng huí kǒu dài
  “ 'ěr xiān shēngzhè xiē dōushì zhòng suǒ zhōu zhī de yòu guān chá 'ěr · wéi 'ěr jué shì wáng de shì shí。”
  “ zhēn gǎn xiè nín,” xiē luò · 'ěr shuō,“ néng yǐn duì zhè jiàn ráo yòu xīng de 'àn jiàn de zhù dāng shí céng guò xiē bào zhǐ de bào dǎodàn shí zhèng zhuān xīn zhì fàn gāng bǎo shí 'àn jiàn xiǎo shìzài shòu zhe jiào huáng de zhǔ tuō zhī xià jìng lüè liǎo zài yīng lún shēng de xiē 'àn jiànnín shuō zhè duàn xīn wén bāo kuò liǎo quán gōng kāi de shì shí ?”
  “ shì de。”
  “ me zài gào xiē nèi de shì shí !” kào zài bèi shàng liǎng zhǐ shǒu de zhǐ jiān duì dǐng zài xiǎn chū liǎo wéi lěng jìng de guān shìde biǎo qíng
  “ zhè yàng lái,” shēng miàn shuō zhe miàn gǎn qíng kāi shǐ dòng lái,“ jiù huì hái méi yòu gào guò rèn rén de shì qíng dōushuō chū lái liǎo lián yàn shī guān yǐn mán liǎoyīn wéi cóng shì xué gōng zuò de rénzuì zài gōng zhòng miàn qián xiǎn shì xiāng xìn liǎo zhǒng liú chuán de xìn de lìng dòng jiù xiàng bào zhǐ shàng suǒ shuō de yàng guǒ yòu rèn shì qíng zài jìn 'è huà jīng xiāng dāng de míng shēng me wéi 'ěr zhuāng yuán jiù zhēn de zài huì yòu rén gǎn zhù liǎowèile zhè liǎng yuán yīn xiǎng zhī dào de quán shì qíng dōushuō chū lái hái shì zhèng què deyīn wéi yàng zuò huì yòu shénme hǎo chùdàn shì duì shuō lái méi yòu yóu kāi chéng gōngchè tán chū lái
  “ zhǎo shàng de zhù men zhù xiāng dōuhěn yuǎnér zhù jiào jìn de rén men jiù chǎn shēng liǎo mìqiè de guān yīn chá 'ěr · wéi 'ěr jué shì jiàn miàn de huì jiù hěn duōchú liǎo lài zhuāng yuán de lán lán xiān shēng shēng xué jiā tái tūn xiān shēng 'ér wàifāng yuán shù shí yīng zhī nèi jiù zài méi yòu shòu guò jiào de rén liǎochá 'ěr jué shì shì wèi huān yǐn chù de rén shì de bìng men liǎ dào liǎo ér qiě duì xué de gòng tóng xīng yòu zhù shǐ men liǎng rén qīn jìn lái cóng nán fēi dài huí lái hěn duō xué liào hái cháng cháng jiāng zhěng měi hǎo dòng rén de bàng wǎn gòng tóng xiāo zài yán tǎo duì shǐ rénnán fēi zhǒng yuán shǐ de yóu shòu liè wéi shēng de zhǒng héng héng zhě zhù háo téng tuō rénnán fēi hēi rén zhōng de zhǒng héng héng zhě zhùde jiào jiě pōu xué shàng
  “ zài zuì hòu de yuè kàn lái qīng chǔchá 'ěr jué shì de shén jīng tǒng jīng jǐn zhāng dào diǎn liǎo shēn xìn zhe gěi tīng de chuán shuō héng héng suī rán jīng cháng zài de zhái zhī nèi sàn dàn dào wǎn shàng jiù shuō shénme kěn dào zhǎo shàng liǎo 'ěr xiān shēngzài kàn lái shì yàng de xìn shì jìng shēn xìn de jiā jīng shì 'è yùn lín tóu liǎodāng rán yóu shàng bèi zhī de chuán shuō què shí shǐ rén kuài de shì jiù yào zài yǎn qián chū xiàn de xiǎng jīng cháng zhàn zhe de shēn xīn zhǐ wèn guò shì fǒu zài jiān chū zhěn de zhōng kàn dào guò shénme guài de dōng huò shì tīng jiàn guò zhǐ liè gǒu de háo jiàohòu biān zhè wèn céng wèn guò hǎo duō ér qiě zǒng shì dài zhe jīng huāng chàn dǒu de shēng diào
  “ hěn qīng chǔyòu tiān bàng wǎn jià zhe chē dào jiā shì zài zhè jiàn zhì mìng de shì qíng shēng qián yuē yòu sān xīng de shí hòupèng qiǎo zhèng zài zhèng tīng mén qián jīng cóng de xiǎo chē shàng xià lái zhàn zài de miàn qián liǎo rán kàn dào de yǎn dài zhe duān kǒng de biǎo qíng dīng shì zhe de bèi hòu měng rán zhuǎn guò shēn gāng gāng lái kàn dào xiàng niú shìde hēi dōng fēi kuài páo liǎo guò jīng huāng kǒng yàng hài zǒu dào dòng céng jīng zǒu guò de fāng xià xún zhǎo liǎo fān jīng páo liǎodàn shìzhè jiàn shì zài xīn zhōng zào chéng liǎo wéi 'è liè de yǐng xiǎng péi zhe dāi liǎo wǎnjiù zài shíwèile jiě shì suǒ biǎo xiàn de qíng jiù gāng lái de shí hòu gěi nín tīng de piān jìzǎi tuō bǎo cún liǎo suǒ yào dào zhè xiǎo xiǎo de chāqǔshì yīn wéi zài suí hòu shēng de bēi zhōng néng yòu xiē zhòng yào xìng shì zài dāng shí què shí rèn wéi zhǐ shì jiàn wēi dào de xiǎo shì de jīng kǒng shì méi yòu lái yóu de
  “ hái shì tīng cóng liǎo de quàn gàochá 'ěr jué shì cái suàn dào lún dūn zhī dào de xīn zàng jīng shòu liǎo yǐng xiǎng jīng cháng chǔyú jiāo zhī zhōng guǎn yuán yóu shì de huànxiǎn rán yán zhòng yǐng xiǎng liǎo de jiàn kāng xiǎng yuè dedōu shì shēng huó jiù néng biàn chéng xīn rén liǎo men gòng tóng de péng yǒu tái tūn xiān shēng fēi cháng guān xīn de jiàn kāng zhuàng kuàng de jiàn xiāng tóng
   shìzhè de zāi huò jìng zài lín xíng qián de zuì hòu shēng liǎo
  “ zài chá 'ěr jué shì bào de dāng wǎnzǒng guǎn bái ruì xiàn hòu jiù pài liǎo jīn zhe lái zhǎo yīn wéi jiù qǐn hěn wǎnsuǒ zài chū shì hòu xiǎo shí zhī nèi jiù lái dào liǎo wéi 'ěr zhuāng yuán yàn zhèng liǎo suǒ yòu zài yàn shī guò chéng zhōng dào guò de shì shí shùn zhe shuǐ sōng jiā dào wǎng qián guān chá liǎo de jiǎo yìnkàn guò liǎo duì zhe zhǎo de shàn shān mén de fāngkàn lái céng zài 'ér děng guò rén zhù dào yóu diǎn xià de xíng zhuàng de biàn huà hái xiàn liǎochú liǎo bái ruì zài ruǎn shàng liú xià de xiē zhī wài méi yòu zuì hòu yòu xīn jiǎn chá liǎo shī zài dào qián hái méi yòu rén dòng guò chá 'ěr jué shì zài shàngliǎng shēn chū de shǒu zhǐ chā zài de miàn ròu yīn qiáng liè de qíng gǎn 'ér jǐn suō láishèn zhì shǐ biàn rènquè shí méi yòu rèn shāng hén shì zài yàn shī de shí hòu bái ruì céng gōng liǎo zhēn shí de zhèng míng shuō zài shī zhōu wéi de shàng méi yòu rèn hén shénme méi yòu kàn dào shì dǎo kàn dào liǎo héng héng jiù zài xiāng yuǎn de fāng jǐn qīng 'ér qiě shì hén yóu xīn。”
  “ ?”
  “ 。”
  “ shì nán rén de hái shì rén de?”
   guài wàng liǎo men huì 'érzài huí de shí hòushēng yīn jīhū xiàng 'ěr yàng:“ 'ěr xiān shēngshì de liè gǒu de zhǎo yìn!”


  "I have in my pocket a manuscript," said Dr. James Mortimer.
   "I observed it as you entered the room," said Holmes.
   "It is an old manuscript."
   "Early eighteenth century, unless it is a forgery."
   "How can you say that, sir?"
   "You have presented an inch or two of it to my examination all the time that you have been talking. It would be a poor expert who could not give the date of a document within a decade or so. You may possibly have read my little monograph upon the subject. I put that at 1730."
   "The exact date is 1742." Dr. Mortimer drew it from his breast-pocket. "This family paper was committed to my care by Sir Charles Baskerville, whose sudden and tragic death some three months ago created so much excitement in Devonshire. I may say that I was his personal friend as well as his medical attendant. He was a strong-minded man, sir, shrewd, practical, and as unimaginative as I am myself. Yet he took this document very seriously, and his mind was prepared for just such an end as did eventually overtake him."
   Holmes stretched out his hand for the manuscript and flattened it upon his knee.
   "You will observe, Watson, the alternative use of the long s and the short. It is one of several indications which enabled me to fix the date."
   I looked over his shoulder at the yellow paper and the faded script. At the head was written: "Baskerville Hall," and below in large, scrawling figures: "1742."
   "It appears to be a statement of some sort."
   "Yes, it is a statement of a certain legend which runs in the Baskerville family."
   "But I understand that it is something more modern and practical upon which you wish to consult me?"
   "Most modern. A most practical, pressing matter, which must be decided within twenty-four hours. But the manuscript is short and is intimately connected with the affair. With your permission I will read it to you."
   Holmes leaned back in his chair, placed his finger-tips together, and closed his eyes, with an air of resignation. Dr. Mortimer turned the manuscript to the light and read in a high, cracking voice the following curious, old-world narrative:--
   "Of the origin of the Hound of the Baskervilles there have been many statements, yet as I come in a direct line from Hugo Baskerville, and as I had the story from my father, who also had it from his, I have set it down with all belief that it occurred even as is here set forth. And I would have you believe, my sons, that the same Justice which punishes sin may also most graciously forgive it, and that no ban is so heavy but that by prayer and repentance it may be removed. Learn then from this story not to fear the fruits of the past, but rather to be circumspect in the future, that those foul passions whereby our family has suffered so grievously may not again be loosed to our undoing.
   "Know then that in the time of the Great Rebellion (the history of which by the learned Lord Clarendon I most earnestly commend to your attention) this Manor of Baskerville was held by Hugo of that name, nor can it be gainsaid that he was a most wild, profane, and godless man. This, in truth, his neighbours might have pardoned, seeing that saints have never flourished in those parts, but there was in him a certain wanton and cruel humour which made his name a byword through the West. It chanced that this Hugo came to love (if, indeed, so dark a passion may be known under so bright a name) the daughter of a yeoman who held lands near the Baskerville estate. But the young maiden, being discreet and of good repute, would ever avoid him, for she feared his evil name. So it came to pass that one Michaelmas this Hugo, with five or six of his idle and wicked companions, stole down upon the farm and carried off the maiden, her father and brothers being from home, as he well knew. When they had brought her to the Hall the maiden was placed in an upper chamber, while Hugo and his friends sat down to a long carouse, as was their nightly custom. Now, the poor lass upstairs was like to have her wits turned at the singing and shouting and terrible oaths which came up to her from below, for they say that the words used by Hugo Baskerville, when he was in wine, were such as might blast the man who said them. At last in the stress of her fear she did that which might have daunted the bravest or most active man, for by the aid of the growth of ivy which covered (and still covers) the south wall she came down from under the eaves, and so homeward across the moor, there being three leagues betwixt the Hall and her father's farm.
   "It chanced that some little time later Hugo left his guests to carry food and drink--with other worse things, perchance--to his captive, and so found the cage empty and the bird escaped. Then, as it would seem, he became as one that hath a devil, for, rushing down the stairs into the dining-hall, he sprang upon the great table, flagons and trenchers flying before him, and he cried aloud before all the company that he would that very night render his body and soul to the Powers of Evil if he might but overtake the wench. And while the revellers stood aghast at the fury of the man, one more wicked or, it may be, more drunken than the rest, cried out that they should put the hounds upon her. Whereat Hugo ran from the house, crying to his grooms that they should saddle his mare and unkennel the pack, and giving the hounds a kerchief of the maid's, he swung them to the line, and so off full cry in the moonlight over the moor.
   "Now, for some space the revellers stood agape, unable to understand all that had been done in such haste. But anon their bemused wits awoke to the nature of the deed which was like to be done upon the moorlands. Everything was now in an uproar, some calling for their pistols, some for their horses, and some for another flask of wine. But at length some sense came back to their crazed minds, and the whole of them, thirteen in number, took horse and started in pursuit. The moon shone clear above them, and they rode swiftly abreast, taking that course which the maid must needs have taken if she were to reach her own home.
   "They had gone a mile or two when they passed one of the night shepherds upon the moorlands, and they cried to him to know if he had seen the hunt. And the man, as the story goes, was so crazed with fear that he could scarce speak, but at last he said that he had indeed seen the unhappy maiden, with the hounds upon her track. 'But I have seen more than that,' said he, 'for Hugo Baskerville passed me upon his black mare, and there ran mute behind him such a hound of hell as God forbid should ever be at my heels.' So the drunken squires cursed the shepherd and rode onward. But soon their skins turned cold, for there came a galloping across the moor, and the black mare, dabbled with white froth, went past with trailing bridle and empty saddle. Then the revellers rode close together, for a great fear was on them, but they still followed over the moor, though each, had he been alone, would have been right glad to have turned his horse's head. Riding slowly in this fashion they came at last upon the hounds. These, though known for their valour and their breed, were whimpering in a cluster at the head of a deep dip or goyal, as we call it, upon the moor, some slinking away and some, with starting hackles and staring eyes, gazing down the narrow valley before them.
   "The company had come to a halt, more sober men, as you may guess, than when they started. The most of them would by no means advance, but three of them, the boldest, or it may be the most drunken, rode forward down the goyal. Now, it opened into a broad space in which stood two of those great stones, still to be seen there, which were set by certain forgotten peoples in the days of old. The moon was shining bright upon the clearing, and there in the centre lay the unhappy maid where she had fallen, dead of fear and of fatigue. But it was not the sight of her body, nor yet was it that of the body of Hugo Baskerville lying near her, which raised the hair upon the heads of these three daredevil roysterers, but it was that, standing over Hugo, and plucking at his throat, there stood a foul thing, a great, black beast, shaped like a hound, yet larger than any hound that ever mortal eye has rested upon. And even as they looked the thing tore the throat out of Hugo Baskerville, on which, as it turned its blazing eyes and dripping jaws upon them, the three shrieked with fear and rode for dear life, still screaming, across the moor. One, it is said, died that very night of what he had seen, and the other twain were but broken men for the rest of their days.
   "Such is the tale, my sons, of the coming of the hound which is said to have plagued the family so sorely ever since. If I have set it down it is because that which is clearly known hath less terror than that which is but hinted at and guessed. Nor can it be denied that many of the family have been unhappy in their deaths, which have been sudden, bloody, and mysterious. Yet may we shelter ourselves in the infinite goodness of Providence, which would not forever punish the innocent beyond that third or fourth generation which is threatened in Holy Writ. To that Providence, my sons, I hereby commend you, and I counsel you by way of caution to forbear from crossing the moor in those dark hours when the powers of evil are exalted.
   "(This from Hugo Baskerville to his sons Rodger and John, with instructions that they say nothing thereof to their sister Elizabeth.)"
   When Dr. Mortimer had finished reading this singular narrative he pushed his spectacles up on his forehead and stared across at Mr. Sherlock Holmes. The latter yawned and tossed the end of his cigarette into the fire.
   "Well?" said he.
   "Do you not find it interesting?"
   "To a collector of fairy tales."
   Dr. Mortimer drew a folded newspaper out of his pocket.
   "Now, Mr. Holmes, we will give you something a little more recent. This is the Devon County Chronicle of May 14th of this year. It is a short account of the facts elicited at the death of Sir Charles Baskerville which occurred a few days before that date."
   My friend leaned a little forward and his expression became intent. Our visitor readjusted his glasses and began:--
   "The recent sudden death of Sir Charles Baskerville, whose name has been mentioned as the probable Liberal candidate for Mid-Devon at the next election, has cast a gloom over the county. Though Sir Charles had resided at Baskerville Hall for a comparatively short period his amiability of character and extreme generosity had won the affection and respect of all who had been brought into contact with him. In these days of nouveaux riches it is refreshing to find a case where the scion of an old county family which has fallen upon evil days is able to make his own fortune and to bring it back with him to restore the fallen grandeur of his line. Sir Charles, as is well known, made large sums of money in South African speculation. More wise than those who go on until the wheel turns against them, he realized his gains and returned to England with them. It is only two years since he took up his residence at Baskerville Hall, and it is common talk how large were those schemes of reconstruction and improvement which have been interrupted by his death. Being himself childless, it was his openly expressed desire that the whole country-side should, within his own lifetime, profit by his good fortune, and many will have personal reasons for bewailing his untimely end. His generous donations to local and county charities have been frequently chronicled in these columns.
   "The circumstances connected with the death of Sir Charles cannot be said to have been entirely cleared up by the inquest, but at least enough has been done to dispose of those rumours to which local superstition has given rise. There is no reason whatever to suspect foul play, or to imagine that death could be from any but natural causes. Sir Charles was a widower, and a man who may be said to have been in some ways of an eccentric habit of mind. In spite of his considerable wealth he was simple in his personal tastes, and his indoor servants at Baskerville Hall consisted of a married couple named Barrymore, the husband acting as butler and the wife as housekeeper. Their evidence, corroborated by that of several friends, tends to show that Sir Charles's health has for some time been impaired, and points especially to some affection of the heart, manifesting itself in changes of colour, breathlessness, and acute attacks of nervous depression. Dr. James Mortimer, the friend and medical attendant of the deceased, has given evidence to the same effect.
   "The facts of the case are simple. Sir Charles Baskerville was in the habit every night before going to bed of walking down the famous Yew Alley of Baskerville Hall. The evidence of the Barrymores shows that this had been his custom. On the 4th of May Sir Charles had declared his intention of starting next day for London, and had ordered Barrymore to prepare his luggage. That night he went out as usual for his nocturnal walk, in the course of which he was in the habit of smoking a cigar. He never returned. At twelve o'clock Barrymore, finding the hall door still open, became alarmed, and, lighting a lantern, went in search of his master. The day had been wet, and Sir Charles's footmarks were easily traced down the Alley. Half-way down this walk there is a gate which leads out on to the moor. There were indications that Sir Charles had stood for some little time here. He then proceeded down the Alley, and it was at the far end of it that his body was discovered. One fact which has not been explained is the statement of Barrymore that his master's footprints altered their character from the time that he passed the moor-gate, and that he appeared from thence onward to have been walking upon his toes. One Murphy, a gipsy horse-dealer, was on the moor at no great distance at the time, but he appears by his own confession to have been the worse for drink. He declares that he heard cries, but is unable to state from what direction they came. No signs of violence were to be discovered upon Sir Charles's person, and though the doctor's evidence pointed to an almost incredible facial distortion--so great that Dr. Mortimer refused at first to believe that it was indeed his friend and patient who lay before him--it was explained that that is a symptom which is not unusual in cases of dyspnoea and death from cardiac exhaustion. This explanation was borne out by the post-mortem examination, which showed long-standing organic disease, and the coroner's jury returned a verdict in accordance with the medical evidence. It is well that this is so, for it is obviously of the utmost importance that Sir Charles's heir should settle at the Hall and continue the good work which has been so sadly interrupted. Had the prosaic finding of the coroner not finally put an end to the romantic stories which have been whispered in connection with the affair, it might have been difficult to find a tenant for Baskerville Hall. It is understood that the next of kin is Mr. Henry Baskerville, if he be still alive, the son of Sir Charles Baskerville's younger brother. The young man when last heard of was in America, and inquiries are being instituted with a view to informing him of his good fortune."
   Dr. Mortimer refolded his paper and replaced it in his pocket.
   "Those are the public facts, Mr. Holmes, in connection with the death of Sir Charles Baskerville."
   "I must thank you," said Sherlock Holmes, "for calling my attention to a case which certainly presents some features of interest. I had observed some newspaper comment at the time, but I was exceedingly preoccupied by that little affair of the Vatican cameos, and in my anxiety to oblige the Pope I lost touch with several interesting English cases. This article, you say, contains all the public facts?"
   "It does."
   "Then let me have the private ones." He leaned back, put his finger-tips together, and assumed his most impassive and judicial expression.
   "In doing so," said Dr. Mortimer, who had begun to show signs of some strong emotion, "I am telling that which I have not confided to anyone. My motive for withholding it from the coroner's inquiry is that a man of science shrinks from placing himself in the public position of seeming to indorse a popular superstition. I had the further motive that Baskerville Hall, as the paper says, would certainly remain untenanted if anything were done to increase its already rather grim reputation. For both these reasons I thought that I was justified in telling rather less than I knew, since no practical good could result from it, but with you there is no reason why I should not be perfectly frank.
   "The moor is very sparsely inhabited, and those who live near each other are thrown very much together. For this reason I saw a good deal of Sir Charles Baskerville. With the exception of Mr. Frankland, of Lafter Hall, and Mr. Stapleton, the naturalist, there are no other men of education within many miles. Sir Charles was a retiring man, but the chance of his illness brought us together, and a community of interests in science kept us so. He had brought back much scientific information from South Africa, and many a charming evening we have spent together discussing the comparative anatomy of the Bushman and the Hottentot.
   "Within the last few months it became increasingly plain to me that Sir Charles's nervous system was strained to the breaking point. He had taken this legend which I have read you exceedingly to heart--so much so that, although he would walk in his own grounds, nothing would induce him to go out upon the moor at night. Incredible as it may appear to you, Mr. Holmes, he was honestly convinced that a dreadful fate overhung his family, and certainly the records which he was able to give of his ancestors were not encouraging. The idea of some ghastly presence constantly haunted him, and on more than one occasion he has asked me whether I had on my medical journeys at night ever seen any strange creature or heard the baying of a hound. The latter question he put to me several times, and always with a voice which vibrated with excitement.
   "I can well remember driving up to his house in the evening some three weeks before the fatal event. He chanced to be at his hall door. I had descended from my gig and was standing in front of him, when I saw his eyes fix themselves over my shoulder, and stare past me with an expression of the most dreadful horror. I whisked round and had just time to catch a glimpse of something which I took to be a large black calf passing at the head of the drive. So excited and alarmed was he that I was compelled to go down to the spot where the animal had been and look around for it. It was gone, however, and the incident appeared to make the worst impression upon his mind. I stayed with him all the evening, and it was on that occasion, to explain the emotion which he had shown, that he confided to my keeping that narrative which I read to you when first I came. I mention this small episode because it assumes some importance in view of the tragedy which followed, but I was convinced at the time that the matter was entirely trivial and that his excitement had no justification.
   "It was at my advice that Sir Charles was about to go to London. His heart was, I knew, affected, and the constant anxiety in which he lived, however chimerical the cause of it might be, was evidently having a serious effect upon his health. I thought that a few months among the distractions of town would send him back a new man. Mr. Stapleton, a mutual friend who was much concerned at his state of health, was of the same opinion. At the last instant came this terrible catastrophe.
   "On the night of Sir Charles's death Barrymore the butler, who made the discovery, sent Perkins the groom on horseback to me, and as I was sitting up late I was able to reach Baskerville Hall within an hour of the event. I checked and corroborated all the facts which were mentioned at the inquest. I followed the footsteps down the Yew Alley, I saw the spot at the moor-gate where he seemed to have waited, I remarked the change in the shape of the prints after that point, I noted that there were no other footsteps save those of Barrymore on the soft gravel, and finally I carefully examined the body, which had not been touched until my arrival. Sir Charles lay on his face, his arms out, his fingers dug into the ground, and his features convulsed with some strong emotion to such an extent that I could hardly have sworn to his identity. There was certainly no physical injury of any kind. But one false statement was made by Barrymore at the inquest. He said that there were no traces upon the ground round the body. He did not observe any. But I did--some little distance off, but fresh and clear."
   "Footprints?"
   "Footprints."
   "A man's or a woman's?"
   Dr. Mortimer looked strangely at us for an instant, and his voice sank almost to a whisper as he answered:--
   "Mr. Holmes, they were the footprints of a gigantic hound!"
shǒuyè>> wénxué>> 推理侦探>> nán dào 'ěr Arthur Conan Doyle   yīng guó United Kingdom   wēn suō wáng cháo   (1859niánwǔyuè22rì1930niánqīyuè7rì)