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shǒuyè>> wénxué>> 现实百态>> chá 'ěr sī · dí gèng sī Charles Dickens   yīng guó United Kingdom   hàn nuò wēi wáng cháo   (1812niánèryuè7rì～1870niánliùyuè9rì)
dà wèi · kē bō fěi 'ěr David Copperfield
　　《 dà wèi · kē bō fěi 'ěr》 shì yīng guó xiǎo shuō jiā chá 'ěr sī · dí gèng sī de dì bā bù cháng piān xiǎo shuō， bèi chēng wéi tā“ xīn zhōng zuì chǒng 'ài de hái zǐ ”， yú yī bā sì jiǔ zhì yī bā wǔ O nián jiān， fēn 'èr shí gè bù fēn zhú yuè fā biǎo quán shū cǎi yòng dì yī rén chēng xù shì yǔ qì， qí zhōng róng jìn liǎo zuò zhě běn rén de xǔ duō shēng huó jīng lì。 dí gèng sī chū shēn shè huì dǐ céng， zǔ fù、 zǔ mǔ dū cháng qī zài kè lǔ xūn jué fǔ dāng yōng rén。 fù qīn yuē hàn shì hǎi jūn jūn xū chù zhí yuán， zài dí gèng sī shí 'èr suì nà nián， yīn fù zhài wú lì cháng hái， dài lěi qī zǐ 'ér nǚ hé tā yī qǐ zhù jìn liǎo mǎ xià 'ěr xī zhài wù rén jiān yù。 dāng shí dí gèng sī zài tài wù shì hé pàn de huá lún hēi xié yóu zuōfáng dāng tóng gōng， bǐ tā dà liǎng suì de jiě jiě fàn nī zài huáng jiā yīnyuè xué yuàn xué xí， quán jiā rén zhōng zhǐ yòu tā liǎ méi yòu zài yù zhōng jū zhù。 fù qīn chū yù hòu， dí gèng sī céng yī dù jìn huì líng dùn xué xiào xué xí， bù jiǔ yòu yīn jiā pín 'ér yǒng jiǔ chuò xué， shí wǔ suì shí jìn lǜ shī shì wù suǒ dāng xué tú。 hòu lái， tā xué huì sù jì， bèi lún dūn mín shì lǜ shī yì huì pìn wéi shěn 'àn jì lù yuán。 yī bā sān yī zhì yī bā sān 'èr nián jiān， dí gèng sī xiān hòu dān rèn《 yì huì jìng bào》 hé《 zhēn yáng bào》 pài zhù yì huì de jì zhě。 zhè xiē jīng lì yòu zhù yú tā rì hòu zǒu shàng xiě zuò de dào lù。 tā yī shēng suǒ shòu xué xiào jiào yù bù zú sì nián， tā de chéng gōng quán kào zì jǐ de tiān cái、 qín fèn yǐ jí jiān kǔ shēng huó de mó liàn。 yī bā sān liù nián， dí gèng sī zhōng yú yǐ cháng piān xiǎo shuō《 pǐ kè wēi kè wàizhuàn》 ér míng mǎn tiān xià， dāng shí tā nián jǐn 'èr shí sì suì。
　　
　　 yī bā sì bā nián， fàn nī yīn huàn fèi jié hé zǎo shì， tā de sǐ shǐ dí gèng sī fēi cháng bēi shāng， yīn wéi zài zhòng duō xiōng dì jiě mèi zhōng， zhǐ yòu tā liǎ zài cái néng、 zhì qù shàng shí fēn jiē jìn。 tā liǎ dōuyòu jié chū de biǎo yǎn cái néng， tóng nián shí céng suí fù qīn dào luó chè sī tè de mǐ tè 'ěr fàn diàn， zhàn zài dà cān zhuō shàng biǎo yǎn gē wǔ， yíng dé zhòng rén de zàn tàn。 fàn nī sǐ hòu， dí gèng sī xiě xià yī piān qī qiān zì de huí yì wén zhāng， jì lù tā liǎ yī qǐ dù guò de chōng mǎn jiān xīn de tóng nián。 dí gèng sī shēn hòu， tā de hǎo yǒu fú sī tè zài《 dí gèng sī chuán》 zhōng shǒu cì xiàng gōng zhòng pī lù liǎo dí gèng sī de zǎo nián， xiǎo shuō， gēn jù de zhèng shì zhè piān huí yì。 dí gèng sī xiě zhè piān huí yì shì wéi chuàng zuò yī bù zìzhuàn tǐ cháng piān xiǎo shuō zuò zhǔn bèi。 tā xiǎo shuō zhù rén gōng qǔ guò xǔ duō míng zì， zuì hòu cái xiǎng dào“ dà wèi · kē bō fěi 'ěr”。 fú sī tè tīng liǎo， lì kè jiào hǎo， yīn wéi zhè gè míng zì de suō xiě D.C. zhèng shì zuò zhě míng zì suō xiě de diān dǎo。 yú shì xiǎo shuō zhù rén gōng de míng zì biàn dìng liǎo xià lái。
　　
　　 dí gèng sī zǎo qī zuò pǐn dà duō shì jié gòu sōng sàn de“ liú làng hàn chuán qí”， zú píng jiè líng gǎn xìn bǐ huī sǎ de jí xīng chuàng zuò， ér běn shū zé shì tā de zhōng qī zuò pǐn， gèng jiā zhù zhòng jié gòu jì qiǎo hé yì shù de fēn cùn gǎn。 dí gèng sī zài běn shū dì shí yī zhāng zhōng， bǎ tā de chuàng zuò fāng fǎ gài kuò wéi“ jīng yàn xiǎng xiàng， róu hé wéi yī”。 tā xiě xiǎo shuō， bìng bù jū ní yú lín mó shí jì fā shēng de shì， ér shì chōng fēn fā huī xiǎng xiàng lì， lì yòng shēng huó sù cái jìn xíng zhǎn xīn de chuàng zào。 jìn guǎn shū zhōng dà wèi yòu nián shí gēn mǔ qīn xué zì mǔ de qíng jǐng shì tā běn rén de qīn shēn jīng lì， dà wèi zài mǔ qīn gǎi jià hòu， zài jí duān gū jì de huán jìng zhōng yuè dú de zhèng shì tā běn rén zài nà gè nián líng suǒ dú de shū， mǔ qīn bèi zhé mó sǐ hòu， dà wèi bèi sòng qù dāng tóng gōng de nián líng yě zhèng shì dí gèng sī dāng tóng gōng shí de nián líng， rán 'ér， xiǎo shuō hé shí shì wán quán bù tóng： dí gèng sī bù shì gū 'ér， ér tā bǐ xià de dà wèi què shì“ yí fù zǐ”。 tóng shí， dí gèng sī yòu bǎ zì jǐ fù mǔ de mǒu xiē xìng gé róu jìn liǎo dà wèi de fáng dōng、 tuī xiāo shāng mǐ kǎo bǎifū fù shēn shàng。
　　
　　 dà wèi zǎo nián shēng huó de piān zhāng yǐ hái zǐ de xīn lǐ shì jiǎo xiàng wǒ men zhǎn shì liǎo yī gè zǎo yǐ bèi chéng nián rén dàn wàng de tóng nián shì jiè， xiěde shí fēn zhēn qiē gǎn rén。 lì rú： dà wèi yǐ 'ér tóng tè shū de mǐn gǎn duì zhuī qiú mǔ qīn de nà gè lěng kù、 cán bào、 tān lán de shāng rén mò dé sī dōng yī kāi shǐ jiù huái yòu dí yì， dāng mò dé sī dōng xū qíng jiǎ yì dì shēn shǒu pāi pāi dà wèi shí， tā fā xiàn nà zhǐ shǒu fàng sì dì pèng dào mǔ qīn de shǒu， biàn shēng qì dì bǎ tā tuī kāi。 dà wèi xiàng mǔ qīn fù shù mò dé sī dōng dài tā chū qù wán shí de qíng jǐng， dāng tā shuō dào mò dé sī dōng de yī gè péng yǒu zài tán huà zhōng lǎo tí qǐ yī wèi“ piào liàng de xiǎo guǎ fù” shí， mǔ qīn yī biān xiào zhe， yī biān yào tā bǎ dāng shí de qíng jǐng jiǎng liǎo yī biàn yòu yī biàn。 xù shì wán quán cóng tiān zhēn wú xié de hái zǐ de shì jiǎo chū fā， yòu 'ér bìng bù zhī dào rén jiā jiǎng de jiù shì zì jǐ de mǔ qīn， ér nián qīng guǎ fù yào qiú zài jiào、 duì xìng fú shēng huó de rè liè chōng jǐng yǐ yuè rán zhǐ shàng。 yòu rú： dà wèi gēn bǎo mǔ pèi gé dì dào tā gē gē jiā qù wán， tā de gē gē bì guǒ tí xiān shēng shì yī wèi yú mín。 dà wèi kàn jiàn tā cóng hǎi shàng zuò yè hòu huí lái xǐ liǎn， jué dé tā yǔ xiā xiè jù yòu mǒu zhǒng xiāng sì zhī chù， yīn wéi nà zhāng hēi liǎn bèi rè shuǐ yī tàng， lì kè jiù fā hóng liǎo。 zhè gè qí tè de lián xiǎng， chōng mǎn tóng qù hé dí gèng sī tè yòu de yōu mò。


　　David Copperfield or The Personal History, Adventures, Experience and Observation of David Copperfield the Younger of Blunderstone Rookery (which he never meant to publish on any account) is a novel by Charles Dickens, first published as a novel in 1850. Like most of his works, it originally appeared in serial form a year earlier. Many elements within the novel follow events in Dickens' own life, and it is probably the most autobiographical of all of his novels. In the preface to the 1867 Charles Dickens edition, he wrote, "… like many fond parents, I have in my heart of hearts a favourite child. And his name is David Copperfield."
　　
　　Plot summary
　　
　　The story deals with the life of David Copperfield from childhood to maturity. David is born in England in about 1820. David's father had died six months before he was born, and seven years later, his mother marries Mr Edward Murdstone. David is given good reason to dislike his stepfather and has similar feelings for Mr Murdstone's sister Jane, who moves into the house soon afterwards. Mr Murdstone thrashes David for falling behind with his studies. Following one of these thrashings, David bites him and is sent away to a boarding school, Salem House, with a ruthless headmaster, Mr. Creakle. Here he befriends James Steerforth and Tommy Traddles, both of whom he meets again later on.
　　
　　David returns home for the holidays to find out that his mother has had a baby boy. Soon after David goes back to Salem House, his mother and her baby die and David has to return home immediately. Mr Murdstone sends him to work in a factory in London, of which Murdstone is a joint owner. The grim reality of hand-to-mouth factory existence echoes Dickens' own travails in a blacking factory. His landlord, Mr Wilkins Micawber, is sent to a debtor's prison (the King's Bench Prison) after going bankrupt, and is there for several months before being released and moving to Plymouth. David now has nobody left to care for him in London, and decides to run away.
　　
　　He walks all the way from London to Dover, to find his only relative, his aunt Miss Betsey. The eccentric Betsey Trotwood agrees to bring him up, despite Mr Murdstone visiting in a bid to regain custody of David. David's aunt renames him 'Trotwood Copperfield', soon shortened to "Trot", and for the rest of the novel he is called by either name, depending on whether he is communicating with someone he has known for a long time, or someone he has only recently met.
　　
　　The story follows David as he grows to adulthood, and is enlivened by the many well-known characters who enter, leave and re-enter his life. These include Peggotty, his faithful former housekeeper for his mother, her family, and their orphaned niece Little Em'ly who lives with them and charms the young David. David's romantic but self-serving schoolfriend, Steerforth, seduces and dishonors Little Em'ly, triggering the novel's greatest tragedy; and his landlord's daughter and ideal "angel in the house," Agnes Wickfield, becomes his confidante. The two most familiar characters are David's sometime mentor, the constantly debt-ridden Mr Wilkins Micawber, and the devious and fraudulent clerk, Uriah Heep, whose misdeeds are eventually discovered with Micawber's assistance. Micawber is painted as a sympathetic character, even as the author deplores his financial ineptitude; and Micawber, like Dickens's own father, is briefly imprisoned for insolvency.
　　
　　In typical Dickens fashion, the major characters get some measure of what they deserve, and few narrative threads are left hanging. Dan Peggotty safely transports Little Em'ly to a new life in Australia; accompanying these two central characters are Mrs. Gummidge and the Micawbers. Everybody involved finally finds security and happiness in their new lives in Australia. David first marries the beautiful but naïve Dora Spenlow, but she dies after failing to recover from a miscarriage early in their marriage. David then does some soul-searching and eventually marries and finds true happiness with the sensible Agnes, who had secretly always loved him. They have several children, including a daughter named in honor of Betsey Trotwood.
　　Analysis
　　
　　The story is told almost entirely from the point of view of the first person narrator, David Copperfield himself, and was the first Dickens novel to be written as such a narration.
　　
　　Critically, it is considered a Bildungsroman, i.e., a novel of self-cultivation, and would be influential in the genre which included Dickens's own Great Expectations (1861), Charlotte Brontë's Jane Eyre, published only two years prior, Thomas Hardy's Jude the Obscure, Samuel Butler's The Way of All Flesh, H. G. Wells's Tono-Bungay, D. H. Lawrence's Sons and Lovers, and James Joyce's A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man.
　　
　　Tolstoy regarded Dickens as the best of all English novelists, and considered Copperfield to be his finest work, ranking the "Tempest" chapter (chapter 55, LV – the story of Ham and the storm and the shipwreck) the standard by which the world's great fiction should be judged. Henry James remembered hiding under a small table as a boy to hear instalments read by his mother. Dostoyevsky read it enthralled in a Siberian prison camp. Franz Kafka called his first book Amerika a "sheer imitation". James Joyce paid it reverence through parody in Ulysses. Virginia Woolf, who normally had little regard for Dickens, confessed the durability of this one novel, belonging to "the memories and myths of life". It was Freud's favourite novel.
　　Characters in David Copperfield
　　
　　 * David Copperfield – An optimistic, diligent, and persevering character, he is the protagonist. He is later called "Trotwood Copperfield" by some ("David Copperfield" is also the name of the hero's father, who dies before David is born). He has many nicknames: James Steerforth nicknames him "Daisy", Dora calls him "Doady", and his aunt refers to him, as a reference to his would-be sister (if he had been born a girl), in and on "Trot" – as in Betsey Trotwood Copperfield.
　　 * Clara Copperfield – David's kind mother, described as being innocently childish, who dies while David is at Salem House. She dies just after the birth of her second child, who dies along with her.
　　 * Peggotty – The faithful servant of the Copperfield family and a lifelong companion to David (referred to at times as Mrs. Barkis after her marriage to Mr. Barkis). Inherits £3,000—a large sum in the mid-19th century—when Mr. Barkis dies. After his death, she becomes Betsey Trotwood's servant.
　　 * Betsey Trotwood – David's eccentric and temperamental yet kindhearted great-aunt; she becomes his guardian after he runs away from Grinby and Murdstone's warehouse in Blackfriars (London). She is present on the night of David's birth but leaves after hearing that Clara Copperfield's child is a boy instead of a girl.
　　 * Mr. Chillip – A shy doctor who assists at David's birth and faces the wrath of Betsey Trotwood after he informs her that Clara's baby is a boy instead of a girl.
　　 * Mr. Barkis – An aloof carter who declares his intention to marry Peggotty. He says to David: "Tell her, 'Barkis is willin'!' Just so." He is a bit of a miser, and hides his surprisingly vast liquid wealth in a plain box labeled "Old Clothes". He bequeaths to his wife the then astronomical sum of £3,000 when he dies about ten years later.
　　 * Edward Murdstone – Young David's cruel stepfather, who canes him for falling behind in his studies. David reacts by biting Mr Murdstone, who then sends him to Salem House, the private school owned by his friend Mr. Creakle. After David's mother dies, Mr Murdstone sends him to work in a factory, where he has to clean wine bottles. He appears at Betsey Trotwood's house after David runs away. Mr Murdstone appears to show signs of repentance when confronted with Copperfield's aunt, but later in the book we hear he has married another young woman and applied his old principles of "firmness."
　　 * Jane Murdstone – Mr. Murdstone's equally cruel sister, who moves into the Copperfield house after Mr. Murdstone marries Clara Copperfield. She is the "Confidential Friend" of David's first wife, Dora Spenlow, and encourages many of the problems that occur between David Copperfield and Dora's father, Mr. Spenlow. Later, she rejoins her brother and his new wife in a relationship very much like the one they had with David's mother.
　　 * Daniel Peggotty – Peggotty's brother; a humble but generous Yarmouth fisherman who takes his nephew Ham and niece Emily into his custody after each of them has been orphaned. After Emily's departure, he travels around the world in search of her. He eventually finds her in London, and after that they emigrate to Australia.
　　 * Emily (Little Em'ly) – A niece of Mr. Peggotty. She is a childhood friend of David Copperfield, who loves her in his childhood days. She leaves her cousin and fiancé, Ham, for Steerforth, but returns after Steerforth deserts her. She emigrates to Australia with Mr. Peggotty after being rescued from a London brothel.
　　 * Ham Peggotty – A good-natured nephew of Mr. Peggotty and the fiancé of Emily before she leaves him for Steerforth. He later loses his life while attempting to rescue a sailor, who happens to be Steerforth, from a shipwreck. His death is hidden from his family due to the fact that David does not want them to worry on the brink of their journey.
　　 * Mrs. Gummidge – The widow of Daniel Peggotty's partner in a boat. She is a self-described "lone, lorn creetur" who spends much of her time pining for "the old 'un" (her late husband). After Emily runs away from home with Steerforth, she changes her attitude to better comfort everyone around her and tries to be very caring and motherly. She too emigrates to Australia with Dan and the rest of the surviving family.
　　 * Martha Endell – A young woman of a bad reputation who helps Daniel Peggotty find his niece after she returns to London. She has worked as a prostitute, and been victim to the idea of suicide.
　　 * Mr. Creakle – The harsh headmaster of young David's boarding school, who is assisted by Tungay. Mr. Creakle is a friend of Mr. Murdstone. He singles out David for extra torment. Later he becomes a Middlesex magistrate, and is considered enlightened for his day.
　　
　　"I am married". Etching by Phiz.
　　
　　 * James Steerforth – A close friend of David, he is of a romantic and charming disposition and has known David ever since his first days at Salem House. Although well-liked by most, he proves himself to be lacking in character by seducing and later abandoning Little Em'ly. He eventually drowns at Yarmouth with Ham Peggotty, who had been trying to rescue him.
　　 * Tommy Traddles – David's friend from Salem House. They meet again later and become eventual lifelong friends. Traddles works hard but faces great obstacles because of his lack of money and connections. He eventually succeeds in making a name and a career for himself.
　　 * Wilkins Micawber – A gentle man who befriends David as a young boy. He suffers from much financial difficulty and even has to spend time in a debtor's prison. Eventually he emigrates to Australia where he enjoys a successful career as a sheep farmer and becomes a magistrate. He is based on Dickens' father, John Dickens.
　　 * Mr. Dick (Richard Babley) – A slightly deranged, rather childish but amiable man who lives with Betsey Trotwood. His madness is amply described in as much as that he claims to have the "trouble" of King Charles I in his head.
　　 * Dr. Strong – The headmaster of David's Canterbury school, whom he visits on various occasions.
　　 * Anne Strong – The young wife of Dr. Strong. Although she remains loyal to him, she fears that he suspects that she is involved in an affair with Jack Maldon.
　　 * Jack Maldon – A cousin and childhood sweetheart of Anne Strong. He continues to bear affection for her and tries to seduce her into leaving Dr. Strong.
　　 * Mr. Wickfield – The father of Agnes Wickfield and lawyer to Betsey Trotwood. He is prone to alcoholism.
　　 * Agnes Wickfield – Mr. Wickfield's mature and lovely daughter and close friend of David since childhood. She later becomes David's second wife and mother of their children.
　　 * Uriah Heep – A wicked young man who serves as partner to Mr. Wickfield. He is finally discovered to have stolen money and is imprisoned as a punishment. He always talks of being "'umble" (humble) and nurtures a deep hatred of David Copperfield and many others.
　　 * Mrs. Steerforth – The wealthy widowed mother of James Steerforth. She herself is incredibly like her son.
　　 * Miss Dartle – A strange, vitriolic woman who lives with Mrs. Steerforth. She has a secret love for Steerforth and blames others such as Emily and even Steerforth's own mother for corrupting him. She is described as being extremely skinny and displays a visible scar on her lip caused by Steerforth. She is also Steerforth's cousin.
　　 * Mr. Spenlow – An employer of David's during his days as a proctor and the father of Dora Spenlow. He dies suddenly of a heart attack while driving his phaeton home.
　　 * Dora Spenlow – The adorable but foolish daughter of Mr. Spenlow who becomes David's first wife. She is described as being impractical and with many similarities to David's mother. She dies of illness on the same day as her dog, Jip.
　　 * Mr.Sharp – He was the chief teacher of Salem House and had more authority than Mr.Mell.He looked weak,both in health and character;his head seemed to be very heavy for him:he walked on one side.He had a big nose.
　　 * Mr.Mell – A tall, thin young man with hollow cheeks.His hair was dusty and dry too,with rather short sleeves and legs.
· nèi róng tí yào ·
　　dà wèi · kē bō fěi 'ěr shàng wèi lái dào rén jiān， fù qīn jiù yǐ qù shì， tā zài mǔ qīn jí nǚ pú bì guǒ tí de zhào guǎn xià zhǎngdà。 bù jiǔ， mǔ qīn gǎi jià， hòu fù mó dé sī tōng xiōng hěn tān lán， tā bǎ dà wèi kàn zuò léizhuì， hūn qián jiù bǎ dà wèi sòng dào bì guǒ tí de gē gē jiā lǐ。 bì guǒ tí shì gè zhèng zhí shàn liáng de yú mín， zhù zài yǎ máo sī hǎi biān yī zuò yòng pò chuán gǎi chéng de xiǎo wū lǐ， yǔ shōu yǎng de yī duì gū 'ér（ tā mèi mèi de nǚ 'ér 'ài mí lì hé tā dì dì de 'ér zǐ hǎi mù） xiāng yǐ wéi mìng， dà wèi hé tā men yī qǐ guò zhe qīng kǔ hé mù de shēng huó。
　　 dà wèi huí jiā hòu， hòu fù cháng cháng zé dǎ tā， bìng qiě bō duó liǎo tā mǔ qīn duì tā de guān huái hé 'ài fǔ。 mǔ qīn qù shì hòu， hòu fù lì jí bǎ bù zú 10 suì de dà wèi sòng qù dāng xǐ shuà jiǔ píng de tóng gōng， ràng tā guò zhe bù néng wēn bǎo de shēng huó。 tā lì jìn jiān xīn， zuì hòu zhǎo dào liǎo yí pó bèi xī xiǎo jiě。
　　 bèi xī xiǎo jiě shēng xìng guài pì， dàn xīn dì shàn liáng。 tā shōu liú liǎo dà wèi， ràng tā shàng xué shēn zào。 dà wèi qiú xué qī jiān， jì sù zài yí pó de lǜ shī wēi kè fěi 'ěr jiā lǐ， yǔ tā de nǚ 'ér 'ān nī sī jié xià qíng yì。 dàn dà wèi duì wēi kè fěi 'ěr gù yòng de yī gè míng jiào xī pǔ de shū jì jí wéi fǎn gǎn， tǎo yàn tā nà zhǒng yáng fèng yīn wéi、 qū yì féng yíng de chǒu tài。
　　 dà wèi zhōng xué bì yè hòu wài chū lǚ xíng， xiè hòu tóng nián shí dài de tóng xué sī tí fú cí。 liǎng rén yī qǐ lái dào yǎ máo sī， fǎng wèn bì guǒ tí yī jiā。 yǐ jīng hé hǎi mù dìng hūn de 'ài mí lì jīng shòu bù zhù kuòshào yé sī tí fú cí de yǐn yòu， jìng zài jié hūn qián xī yǔ sī tí fú cí sī bēn guó wài。 bì guǒ tí tòng kǔ wàn fēn， fā shì yào zhǎo huí 'ài mí lì。
　　 dà wèi huí dào lún dūn， zài sī běn luó lǜ shī shì wù suǒ rèn jiàn xí shēng。 tā cóng 'ān nī sī kǒu zhōng huò xī， wēi kè fěi 'ěr lǜ shī luò rù guǐ jì duō duān de xī pǔ suǒ shè jì de xiàn jǐng， chǔyú zǒu tóu wú lù de jìng dì。 zhè shǐ dà wèi fēi cháng fèn kǎi。 dàn zhè shí， dà wèi duò rù qíng wǎng， ài shàng sī běn luó lǜ shī de nǚ 'ér duǒ lā。 tā liǎ hūn hòu shēng huó bìng bù lǐ xiǎng， yīn wéi duǒ lā shì gè róng mào měi lì、 dàn tóu nǎo jiǎn dān de“ yáng wá wá”。 yí pó yě bīn lín pò chǎn。 zhè shí， dà wèi zài cì yù jiàn tā dāng tóng gōng shí de fáng dōng mì kǎo bó， mì kǎo bó xiàn zài shì xī pǔ de mì shū。 mì kǎo bó jīng guò jī liè de sī xiǎng dǒu zhēng， jiē lù liǎo xī pǔ xiàn hài wēi kè fěi 'ěr bìng dǎo zhì bèi xī xiǎo jiě pò chǎn de zhǒng zhǒng yīn móu。 zài shì shí miàn qián， xī pǔ zhǐ hǎo fú zuì。 hòu yīn tā 'àn bìng fā， bèi pàn zhōng shēn jiān jìn。 bèi xī xiǎo jiě wèile gǎn xiè mì kǎo bó， sòng tā yī bǐ zī jīn， shǐ tā zài 'ào dà lì yà fā cái zhì fù， shì yè shàng qǔ dé chéng gōng。
　　 yǔ cǐ tóng shí， bì guǒ tí duō fāng bēn bō， zhōng yú zhǎo dào liǎo bèi sī tí fú cí pāo qì hòu lún luò zài lún dūn de 'ài mí lì， jué dìng jiāng tā dài dào 'ào dà lì yà， chóngxīn shēng huó。 qǐ chéng qián xī， hǎi shàng fēng kuáng yǔ zhòu， yī sōu lái zì xī bān yá de kè lún zài yǎ máo sī yù xiǎn chénmò， wéi gān shàng pān zhe yī gè bīn sǐ de lǚ kè。 hǎi mù bù gù zì shēn wēi xiǎn， xià hǎi jiù tā， bù xìng bèi jù làng tūn méi。 dāng rén men lāo qǐ tā de shī tǐ shí， chuán shàng nà míng lǚ kè de shī tǐ yě piào dào 'àn biān， yuán lái shì yòu guǎi 'ài mí lì de sī tí fú cí！ ài mí lì huái niàn hǎi mù， qù 'ào dà lì yà hòu zài láo dòng zhōng xún zhǎo 'ān níng， zhōng shēn bù jià。
　　 dà wèi chéng liǎo zuò jiā。 duǒ lā què huàn liǎo zhòng bìng， zài bì guǒ tí qù 'ào qián xī lí kāi rén shì。 dà wèi mǎn huái bēi tòng， chū guó lǚ xíng， qí jiān， ān nī sī shǐ zhōng yǔ tā bǎo chí lián xì。 dāng tā sān nián hòu fǎn huí yīng guó shí， fā jué 'ān nī sī shǐ zhōng 'ài zhe tā。 tā liǎ zhōng yú jié chéng liáng yuán， yǔ yí pó bèi xī hé nǚ pú bì guǒ tí yú kuài dì shēng huó zài yī qǐ。


　　I do not find it easy to get sufficiently far away from this Book, in the first sensations of having finished it, to refer to it with the composure which this formal heading would seem to require. My interest in it, is so recent and strong; and my mind is so divided between pleasure and regret - pleasure in the achievement of a long design, regret in the separation from many companions - that I am in danger of wearying the reader whom I love, with personal confidences, and private emotions.
　　 Besides which, all that I could say of the Story, to any purpose, I have endeavoured to say in it.
　　 It would concern the reader little, perhaps, to know, how sorrowfully the pen is laid down at the close of a two-years' imaginative task; or how an Author feels as if he were dismissing some portion of himself into the shadowy world, when a crowd of the creatures of his brain are going from him for ever. Yet, I have nothing else to tell; unless, indeed, I were to confess (which might be of less moment still) that no one can ever believe this Narrative, in the reading, more than I have believed it in the writing.
　　 Instead of looking back, therefore, I will look forward. I cannot close this Volume more agreeably to myself, than with a hopeful glance towards the time when I shall again put forth my two green leaves once a month, and with a faithful remembrance of the genial sun and showers that have fallen on these leaves of David Copperfield, and made me happy.
　　 London, October, 1850.
1867 nián zài bǎn qián yán
　　zhèng rú běn shū chū bǎn shí， wǒ zài qián yán zhōng xiě dào de nà yàng： wǒ hěn nán qù xiǎng xiàng gāi shū yǐ tuō gǎo， yě hěn nán wéi tā xiě xù。 wǒ duì běn shū yī zhí huái zhe hěn qiáng 'ér bù jiǎn de gǎn qíng， bìng wéi tā gǎn dào jì gāo xīng 'ér yòu yí hàn。 gāo xīng， shì yīn wéi wǒ zhōng yú rú qī wán chéng liǎo tā； yí hàn， shì yīn wéi wǒ bù dé bù hé wǒ de nà me duō huǒ bàn fēn shǒu héng héng suī shuō wǒ pà wǒ de dú zhě bìng bù zhè me xiāng xìn yě nán yǐ tǐ huì wǒ de gè rén gǎn shòu。
　　 chú cǐ zhī wài， wú lùn wǒ wèishénme 'ér jiǎng shù zhè gè gù shì， wǒ shì quán shēn xīn tóu rù dì qù jiǎng shù de。
　　 yě xǔ， dú zhě tīng shuō wǒ huā liǎo liǎng nián tòng kǔ dì gòu sī cǐ shū hòu bìng bù huì yòu shénme gǎn chù， tóng yàng tīng wǒ shuō wǒ zài xiě wán zhè běn shū shí gǎn dào wǒ bǎ zì jǐ de mǒu bù fēn yě jiāo gěi liǎo nà yīn yǐng lǐ de shì jiè， dú zhě yě wú suǒ wèi。 kě shì， wǒ zhǐ néng shuō shàng shù de huà， chú fēi zài jiā shàng tǎn bái dì chéng rèn： wǒ rèn wéi rèn hé réndōu bù huì xiàng wǒ zài xiě zuò shí nà yàng xiāng xìn zhè yī qiēdōu fǎng fó shì zhēn de。
　　 wǒ dāng nián duì nà běn shū shuō shuō suǒ xiǎng de zhì jīn réng rán rú cǐ， zài cì qǐng dú zhě xiāng xìn。 zài wǒ suǒ yòu de shū lǐ， wǒ zuì xǐ huān de jiù shì zhè běn。 duì yú wǒ xiǎng xiàng zhōng chuàng zào chū de suǒ yòu hái zǐ， wǒdōu shì gè nì 'ài de fù qīn， cóng méi rén xiàng wǒ zhè yàng duì tā men shēn shēn 'ài zhe。 kě shì， zhèng rú xǔ duō nì 'ài de fù mǔ yī yàng， zài wǒ xīn dǐ shēn chù yòu yī gè hái zǐ zuì wéi wǒ chǒng 'ài， tā de míng zì jiù jiào dà wèi · kē bō fěi 'ěr。


　　I REMARKED in the original Preface to this Book, that I did not find it easy to get sufficiently far away from it, in the first sensations of having finished it, to refer to it with the composure which this formal heading would seem to require. My interest in it was so recent and strong, and my mind was so divided between pleasure and regret - pleasure in the achievement of a long design, regret in the separation from many companions - that I was in danger of wearying the reader with personal confidences and private emotions.
　　 Besides which, all that I could have said of the Story to any purpose, I had endeavoured to say in it.
　　 It would concern the reader little, perhaps, to know how sorrowfully the pen is laid down at the close of a two-years' imaginative task; or how an Author feels as if he were dismissing some portion of himself into the shadowy world, when a crowd of the creatures of his brain are going from him for ever. Yet, I had nothing else to tell; unless, indeed, I were to confess (which might be of less moment still), that no one can ever believe this Narrative, in the reading, more than I believed it in the writing.
　　 So true are these avowals at the present day, that I can now only take the reader into one confidence more. Of all my books, I like this the best. It will be easily believed that I am a fond parent to every child of my fancy, and that no one can ever love that family as dearly as I love them. But, like many fond parents, I have in my heart of hearts a favourite child. And his name is DAVID COPPERFIELD.
　　 1869
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