首页>> 文化生活>>教育>> 推理侦探>> 詹姆斯·凯恩 James Mallahan Cain   美国 United States   冷战中的美国   (1892年7月1日1977年10月27日)
邮差总敲两次门 The Postman Always Rings Twice
  一对恋人试图谋杀阻碍他们的丈夫,结果自然是天理循环,报应不爽。这本书初问世时,曾因作者离经叛道的思想和粗俗利落的文笔引起极大争议。以犯罪者为第一主人公,以凶手做第一人称叙述视角,让读者在感同身受中渐渐与凶手立场趋于一致……这种技巧在今天随处可见,在当时却着实是个创举。作者詹姆斯•凯因是风格近似海明威的美国文学大师,他的这本代表作在兰登书屋20世纪百大英文小说上排名第98位,甚至影响了后来因写出《局外人》而扬名文坛的诺贝尔文学奖获得者加谬;而由意大利著名电影导演卢奇诺•维斯康蒂(Luchino Visconti)1942年拍成其处女作,拉开了战后意大利新现实主义电影的序幕。詹姆斯•凯因的另一部作品Double Indemnity《加倍赔偿》同时名列百大榜第34位。这本已经走入名著行列的名作也算是本榜的贴金之选。


  The Postman Always Rings Twice is a 1934 crime novel by James M. Cain.
  
  The novel was quite successful and notorious upon publication, and is regarded as one of the more important crime novels of the 20th century. Fast-moving and brief (only about 100 pages long, depending on the edition), the novel's mix of sexuality and violence was startling in its time, and saw the book banned in Boston.
  
  It is also included in the Modern Library 100 Best Novels list.
  
  It has been adapted as a motion picture four times; the 1946 version is probably the best known, and is regarded as an important film noir.
  
  Plot summary
  
  The story is narrated in the first person by Frank Chambers, a young drifter who stops at a rural California diner for a meal, and ends up working there. The diner is operated by a young, beautiful woman, Cora, and her much older husband, Nick Papadakis, sometimes called "The Greek".
  
  There is an immediate attraction between Frank and Cora, and they begin a passionate affair with sadomasochistic qualities (when they first embrace, Cora commands Frank to bite her lip, and Frank does so hard enough to draw blood from Cora's lips).
  
  Cora, a femme fatale figure, is tired of her situation, married to a man she does not love, and working at a diner that she wishes to own and improve. Frank and Cora scheme to murder the Greek in order to start a new life together without Cora losing the diner.
  
  They plan on striking Nick's head and making it seem he fell and drowned in the bathtub. Cora fells Nick with a solid blow, but, due to a sudden power outage and the happenstance appearance of a policeman, the scheme is unsuccessful. Nick recovers and because of retrograde amnesia does not suspect that he narrowly avoided being killed.
  
  Still determined to kill Nick, Frank and Cora repeat the first plan, only in a car. Nick is plied with wine, then struck and killed, then the car is crashed. Both Frank and Cora are injured. The local prosecutor suspects what has actually occurred, but doesn't have enough evidence to prove it. As a tactic intended to get Cora and Frank to turn on one another, he charges only Cora with the crime of Nick's murder. They do turn against each other, with Cora insisting upon offering a full confession detailing both of their roles to ensure that she does not take the fall alone. But her lawyer tricks her into dictating that confession to a member of his own staff, which prevents her admission from reaching the prosecutor. With the prosecutor thus having failed to acquire any new evidence, he is forced to grant Cora a plea agreement, under which she is given a suspended sentence and no jail time.
  
  Frank and Cora eventually patch together their tumultuous relationship, and now plan for a future together. But as they seem to be prepared finally to live happily ever after, Cora is killed in a car accident. The book ends with Frank summarizing the events that followed, explaining that he was wrongly convicted of having murdered Cora and that the text is to be published after his execution.
  The title and explanations of its meaning
  
  The title is something of a non sequitur in that nowhere in the novel does a postman character appear, nor is one even alluded to. As such, its meaning has often been the subject of speculation by writers such as William Marling, who suggested that Cain may have taken the title from the sensational 1927 case of Ruth Snyder. Snyder was a woman who, like Cora in The Postman Always Rings Twice, had conspired with her lover to murder her husband. While it is recognized that Cain used the Snyder case as an inspiration for his 1943 novel Double Indemnity, Marling offered that it was also a model for, and the source of the title of, The Postman Always Rings Twice. In the real-life case, Snyder said she'd prevented her husband from discovering the changes she'd made to his life insurance policy by telling the postman to deliver the policy's payment notices only to her, and instructing him to ring the doorbell twice as a signal indicating he had such a delivery for her.
  
  In the preface to Double Indemnity, however, Cain gave a specific, and entirely different, explanation of the origin the title for The Postman Always Rings Twice, writing that it came from a discussion he'd had with screenwriter Vincent Lawrence. According to Cain, Lawrence spoke of the anxiety he felt when waiting for the postman to bring him news on a submitted manuscript. According to Cain, Lawrence noted that he would know when the postman had finally arrived because the postman always rang twice, and Cain then lit upon that phrase as a title for his novel. Upon discussing it further, the two men agreed such a phrase was metaphorically suited to Frank's situation at the end of the novel.
  
  With the "postman" being God, or Fate, the "delivery" meant for Frank was his own death as just retribution for murdering Nick. Frank had missed the first "ring" when he initially got away with that killing. However, the postman rang again, and this time the ring was heard, when Frank was wrongly convicted of having murdered Cora, and then sentenced to die for the crime. The theme of an inescapable fate is further underscored in the novel by The Greek's escape from death in the lovers' first murder attempt, only to be done in by their second one.
  
  In his biography of Cain, author Roy Hoopes also recounted the conversation between Cain and Lawrence that gave birth the novel's title. Hoopes's account of their conversation is similar to Cain's, but offered extended detail regarding Lawrence's comments. Specifically, in Hoopes's telling, Lawrence did not say simply that the postman always rang twice, but rather said that at times, he was so anxious awaiting the postman's delivery that he'd go into his backyard intentionally trying to avoid hearing the postman's ring. However, Lawrence continued, this tactic inevitably failed because if the postman's first ring was not noticed, he would always ring again, and, even from the backyard, that second ring would inevitably be heard.
  
  In the 1946 film adaptation of the novel, Frank explicitly explains the title in the terms offered by Hoopes's biography of Cain.
第一章
  第一章
   约在中午时分,我被人从装运干草的卡车上扔了下来。
   前一天夜里,我在边境处纵身攀上了卡车。在此之前,我已在提华纳闲逛了三周,此时我已极度疲乏,一上车便躺在粗帆布下面蒙头睡着了。我还在呼呼大睡的时候,车主们在路边停了车,以便使引擎冷却下来。也就是在这个时候,他们看见一只脚从车厢里面伸了出来,于是便把我从车上扔了下来。我做了几个滑稽动作,可这一招一点不灵,也就只好收场。他们毫无表情,倒是给了我一支烟。我万般无奈,只好徒步前行以便去找点吃的。
   我在路边溜达着,突然,“双橡酒馆”几个字映入了我的眼帘,这是一家路边小吃店,在加利福尼亚州,像这种小吃店比比皆是。酒馆的门面朝向大街,酒馆的后面是宿舍,店主夫妇就住在里边,侧面是个加油站,酒馆再往后有五六间小棚屋,店主称之为汽车游客旅馆。
   我匆匆赶到酒馆前,故意作出左右张望的样子,店主见状走了出来,我询问店主,是否见到一个开卡迪拉克牌轿车的人路过此地,还说,这个人说好要来这里接我,并和我共进午餐。店主是希腊人,说今天没见到这样一个人来,然后便在一张餐桌上摆好餐具,问我想吃点什么。我点了橙汁、玉米片、煎蛋和腊肉、肉卷烤饼、煎饼、咖啡等。不一会儿,他便拿来了橙汁和玉米片。
   “稍等,有件事我得告诉你,如果那个人不来的话,这顿饭只好赊账了。说好他付钱的,我今天手头有点拮据。”
   “好吧,上菜。”
   看得出,钱,他来出,因此我也就不再提那个开卡迪拉克牌轿车的人了。没过一会儿,我便看出他另有所求。
   “嘿,你做什么工作?”
   “喔,干干这,干干那,不固定。怎么了?”
   “你多大了?”
   “二十四。”
   “啊,你很年轻,我这里眼下就可以雇用年轻人。”
   “你这地方不错。”
   “空气好,没雾,就像在洛杉矶,一点雾也没有,一年四季总是晴晴朗朗的。”
   “夜里一定好极了,我现在都能闻到。”
   “这里睡觉睡得很香甜。你懂汽车吗?会修理吗?”
   “当然,我是天生的机械师。”
   他再次说起此地的空气有多么多么的好,还说自从买了这个店,他就一直很健康,只是他弄不明白,他的助手为什么总是在这里呆不长?我倒能琢磨出来为什么,可我只吃不说。
   “喂,你喜欢这里吗?”
   此时,我把剩下的咖啡喝完了,点着了他递给我的雪茄烟。
   “我告诉你怎么回事,除这里外,还有两三个地方提出要我去工作,这让我很为难,不过,我会考虑的,我肯定会好好考虑的。”
   此时,我看见了一个女人,她一直在后面的厨房里忙碌着,此时过来收拾我用过的碗碟。除了身段外,她真的算不上什么绝色美人,可她神态忧郁,嘴唇向外撅得老高,我不由得想替她把外撅的嘴唇给捣进去。
   “这是我妻子。”
   她没有理睬我,我则冲希腊人点点头,挥了挥手里的雪茄烟,仅此而已。她端着碗碟出去了,对我和他而言,她像根本没出现过似的。我很快便离开了,可没过五分钟又返了回来,说是给那个开卡迪拉克牌轿车的人留个口信。希腊人趁机又做我的工作,要我留下来。
   半小时之后,我便到加油站修补漏气汽车去了。
   “喂,你叫什么名字?”
   “弗兰克·钱伯斯。”
   “我叫尼克·帕普达基斯。”
   我俩握了握手,他便走开了。没一会儿,我听见他在唱歌,他的嗓音好极了。从加油站我正好可以把厨房看得一清二楚。
第二章
  第二章
   将近三点钟的时候,店里来了一个人,此人恼羞成怒,原来不知是谁在他汽车的通风小窗上粘贴了一个标签,我只好去厨房替他把标签洗刷掉。
   “肉卷烤饼?喔,你们这些人真会做这东西。”
   “你说你们这些人是什么意思?”
   “嘿,就是你和帕普达基斯先生啊,你和尼克。我午饭吃的那个肉卷烤饼棒极了。”
   “喔。”
   “你有抹布吗?把这东西包起来,拿着就不烫了。”
   “你不是这个意思。”
   “的确是的。”
   “你认为我是墨西哥人。”
   “没那回事。”
   “是的,你就这么认为,你不是第一个这样认为的人。不过,你听着,我和你一样是白种人,明白吗?我的头发可能是黑色的,长得也可能有点像,但我和你一样是白种人。你要想在这里干下去,就不要忘了这一点。”
   “可你看上去并不像墨西哥人呀!”
   “我真的和你一样是白种人。”
   “是的,你看上去一点也不像墨西哥人。那些墨西哥女人,她们全都是大屁股,瘸腿,高耸的能碰着下巴,皮肤黄黄的,头发看上去好像抹了腊肉油脂似的。你看上去可不是那个样,你小巧玲珑,皮肤白嫩,头发尽管是黑色的,但柔软、卷曲。你惟一一处和墨西哥人一样的地方是你的牙齿,他们的牙齿都是白白的,你不得不承认他们这个优点。”
   “我结婚前的姓叫史密斯,听上去并不太像墨西哥人,是吗?”
   “是不太像。”
   “再者,我老家也不在这一带。我来自衣阿华。”
   “嗨,史密斯。那你的名字呢?”
   “科拉。你愿意的话,可以这样称呼我。”
   此时,有一点我已经确信无疑,而刚来时我不过是瞎猜罢了。她心情一直不好,倒不是因为那些她不得不做的肉卷烤饼,也不是因为自己的头发是黑色的,而是因为嫁给了那个希腊人,这使她觉着自己好像不是白种人了,甚至害怕我会开始称呼她为帕普达基斯太太。
   “科拉,没问题。叫我弗兰克怎么样?”
   她走过来,开始帮我清洁通风小窗。她离我很近,我甚至能闻到她身上的气味。我贴着她的耳朵小声问了她一个问题。
   “你怎么嫁给了这个希腊人?”
   她跳了起来,就好像我用鞭子抽了她似的。
   “这关你什么事吗?”
   “是的,非常相关。”
   “给你通风小窗。”
   “谢谢。”
   目的达到了,我走了出去。我在她有所防备的情况下狠狠击了她一下,击得很深,把她刺痛了。从现在起,就是我俩之间的事了。她也许不会顺着我,但也不会搪塞我。她知道我的用意,知道我已经摸透了她的底。
   吃晚饭的时候,希腊人冲她发了火,嫌她给我上的炸土豆不够多。他希望我喜欢这个地方,而不像前几个人那样弃他而去。
   “吃就让人吃饱。”
   “就在炉子上,他自己不会取?”
   “没什么,我还不饿呢。”
   他唠叨个没完。如果他有点脑子的话,就会看出事出有因,因为她这个人是不会让客人自己动手的,这一点没说的。可他笨得要命,不停地在那儿发牢骚。我们三个人就坐在厨房里的餐桌旁,他坐在桌子的一头,她坐在桌子的另一头,而我则坐在中间。我没有正面看她,但我用眼的余光能看见她穿的衣服,那是一件白色护士,无论是在牙医诊所还是在面包店工作的人,都要穿这种。早上的时候还很干净,但此时已经有点皱,也有点脏。我能闻到她身上的气味。
   “嗳,就看在上帝的份上吧。”
   她起身去取土豆,随之敞开了一下,我看见了她的大腿。她把土豆盛给我之后,我却吃不下。
   “好吗,你看,折腾了半天,他却不想吃。”
   “可他要是想吃就有的吃。”
   “我不饿,午饭吃得很饱。”
   他就像打了一场大胜仗似的,这会儿又显出宽宏大度的样子,准备原谅她了。
   “她这人不错。她是我的小白鸟,我的小白鸽。”
   他使了个眼色上楼去了,我和她则一言不发地坐在那里。他下来时,一手拿个大酒瓶子,一手拿了把吉他。他从瓶里倒了些酒出来,是一些希腊甜葡萄酒,我喝了后觉得恶心、难受。他弹着吉他唱了起来,嗓音听上去像男高音歌唱家,不是你在收音机里听到的那些无名小辈的男高音歌手,而是大腕男高音歌唱家。在处理高音符时,他就像卡鲁索录音带上那样,会掺入啜泣声。可我此时已经听不下去了,感觉越来越糟。
   他看我脸色不对,便把我拉到了外面。
   “出来吸点新鲜空气,你就会感觉好些。”
   “不要紧,我会好的。”
   “坐下,别吭声。”
   “你进去吧,我只是午饭吃得太多了,会好的。”
   他进去了,而我即刻把肚子里的东西全吐了出来。午饭也好,土豆也好,还有葡萄酒也好,都让我受不了,我只想得到那女人,想得如此厉害,连胃里都存不下一点东西。
   次日清晨,店牌被风刮了下来。风是午夜时分刮起来的,到了清晨已成了风暴。
   “天气糟糕透了,看那儿。”
   “风大极了,吵得我无法入睡,一夜都没合眼。”
   “风的确很大,你看那店牌。”
   “灯泡爆裂了。”
   我开始修补起那个店牌,希腊人则不时地出来看看。
   “你这牌子从哪儿弄来的呀?”
   “我买这店时就有了。怎么了?”
   “够差的了,挂这么个破牌子能招揽来生意才怪呢。”
   我去给一辆汽车加油,丢下他一个人仔细品味我的话,等我返回时,他还在惊愕地望着倒靠在餐厅正面的店牌。有三盏灯已经爆裂,我插上插头接通电源后发现,剩下的灯有一半也不亮了。
   “装上新灯后再挂起来,也就行了。”
   “你是老板。”
   “这个牌子有什么不妥吗?”
   “怎么说呢?过时了呀,灯泡店牌早不用了,人们都在用霓虹灯店牌,显示效果好,用电又少。再说了,牌子上都写了些什么呀?‘双橡’,仅此而已,‘酒馆’那部分,灯光不显示。咳,‘双橡’这两个字可引不起我的食欲,不会使我产生停下来找点饭吃的念头。总之,那个牌子让你赔钱,只是你还不知道罢了。”
   “把它修好也就行了。”
   “你为何不做个新牌子?”
   “我没空儿。”
   可没过一会儿,他又拿着一张纸回来了。原来他已经替自己画好了一个新店牌,并用颜色笔涂成了红、白、蓝三色,牌子上写着“双橡酒馆,吃饭,烧烤,卫生洁净的洗手间,老板N.帕普达基斯”。
   “棒极了,它会给人们留下极好的印象。”
   我把所有的字修正了一下,确保其拼写无误,他则对字母进行了更多的花体装饰。
   “尼克,咱们干吗还挂那个旧牌子?你何不今天就进城把这个新牌子做好?它妙极了,相信我的话没错,再说这也很重要,一个店好与不好,得首先看店牌怎么样,你说是不是?”
   “天哪,就这么办,我去。”
   离洛杉矶不过二十英里远,可他却像去巴黎似的把自己打扮得油头粉面,午饭一过便上路了。他一走,我就把前门锁上了,拾起一个顾客用过的盘子,径直朝后面的厨房走去,她在里面。
   “那边有个盘子我给你拿过来了。”
   “哦,谢谢。”
   我把盘子放下了,只见她手里的叉子像铃鼓似的叮当响。
   “我本来也想去的,可是锅里做上饭了,我想我还是别去的好。”
   “我自己也有好多事情要做。”
   “你感觉好些了吗?”
   “我没事了。”
   “有时因为一点点小事,就会让人不舒服,比方说,喝的水与原来的不一样了。”
   “很可能是午饭吃得太多了。”
   “那是怎么回事?”
   有人在前门外“咚咚”地敲门。
   “听上去好像有人想进来。”
   “弗兰克,门上锁了吗?”
   “我一定是把它锁上了。”
   她看了我一眼,脸色变得苍白,又走到双开弹簧门向外窥探了一下,然后走进了餐厅,可没一会儿又回来了。
   “他们走了。”
   “我不知道自己为什么把门给锁上了。”
   “我也忘了把它打开。”
   她又转身去餐厅,我把她拦住了。
   “咱们就让它——锁着吧。”
   “锁着就没人能进来了,我还要烧饭,这个盘子我一会儿就洗。”
   我一把将她揽在怀里,拼命亲吻起她的嘴唇……
   “咬我!咬我!”
   我咬了她。我用牙齿深深咬住了她的双唇,一定是咬破了,只觉着我的嘴里喷进了血。我把她抱上楼时,血正顺着她的脖颈往下流。
首页>> 文化生活>>教育>> 推理侦探>> 詹姆斯·凯恩 James Mallahan Cain   美国 United States   冷战中的美国   (1892年7月1日1977年10月27日)