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魔奇侠玄>> 约翰·罗纳德·瑞尔·托尔金 John Ronald Reuel Tolkien 英国 United Kingdom 温莎王朝 (1892年1月3日～1973年9月2日)
霍比特历险记 The Hobbit
相信大家都看过电影《魔戒》（又名《指环王》），这部书是它的前传，讲的是电影开头那个老霍比特人的冒险故事，也说到了甘道尔夫和精灵族、侏儒族、鹰族之间的联系。
什么是霍比特人？
霍比特人是比作儒还矮的小矮人，他们爱好和平。喜欢安静。他们不喜欢机器，但是他们很善于使用工具；他们动作敏捷，但却不喜欢做事匆促。他们有敏锐的眼睛和耳朵；他们可能有点胖。他们喜欢笑和吃（他们一天可以吃六餐）。他们很好客，喜欢送礼和收到礼物。霍比特历险记是一部非常精彩的传奇故事，充满了预言的色彩。书中主角比尔博·巴金斯原本是一个远离尘嚣的霍比特人，但却在无意中发现了魔成且经历了他一生中水难忘怀的事件。霍比特历险记于一九三六年完成，于一九三七年发行，同年，作者便开始着手写续集——魔戒之主，于是，霍比特历险记成了魔戒之主的序曲。经过了十一年，魔戒之主三部曲终于在一九四八年完成，而于一九五五年全部发行。在出版期间，魔戒之主系列便已颇受各界好评，例如芝加哥论坛曾评其为：“……总之，这是一个很棒的故事，不仅文字优美且创造了一个如幻似真的世界，一个作家最好的作品就是如此了。”
Set in a time "Between the Dawn of Færie and the Dominion of Men", The Hobbit follows the quest of home-loving Bilbo Baggins to win a share of the treasure guarded by the dragon, Smaug. Bilbo's journey takes him from light-hearted, rural surroundings into darker, deeper territory. The story is told in the form of an episodic quest, and most chapters introduce a specific creature, or type of creature, of Tolkien's Wilderland. By accepting the disreputable, romantic, fey and adventurous side of his nature (the "Tookish" side) and applying his wits and common sense, Bilbo develops a new level of maturity, competence and wisdom. The story reaches its climax in the Battle of Five Armies, where many of the characters and creatures from earlier chapters re-emerge to engage in conflict.
Themes of personal growth and forms of heroism figure in the story. Along with conflict, these themes lead critics to cite Tolkien's own experiences, and the those of other writers who fought in World War I, as instrumental in shaping the story. The author's scholarly knowledge of Anglo-Saxon literature and interest in fairy tales are also often noted as influences.
Due to the book's critical and financial success, Tolkien's publishers requested a sequel. As work on The Lord of the Rings progressed, Tolkien made retrospective accommodations for it in one chapter of The Hobbit. These few but significant changes were integrated into the second edition. Further editions followed with minor emendations, including those reflecting Tolkien's changing concept of the world into which Bilbo stumbled.
The work has never been out of print since the paper shortages of the Second World War. Its ongoing legacy encompasses many adaptations for stage, screen, radio, and gaming, both board and video games. Some of these adaptations have received critical recognition of their own, including a video game that won the Golden Joystick Award, a scenario of a war game that won an Origins Award, and an animated picture nominated for a Hugo Award.
什么是霍比特人？
霍比特人是比作儒还矮的小矮人，他们爱好和平。喜欢安静。他们不喜欢机器，但是他们很善于使用工具；他们动作敏捷，但却不喜欢做事匆促。他们有敏锐的眼睛和耳朵；他们可能有点胖。他们喜欢笑和吃（他们一天可以吃六餐）。他们很好客，喜欢送礼和收到礼物。霍比特历险记是一部非常精彩的传奇故事，充满了预言的色彩。书中主角比尔博·巴金斯原本是一个远离尘嚣的霍比特人，但却在无意中发现了魔成且经历了他一生中水难忘怀的事件。霍比特历险记于一九三六年完成，于一九三七年发行，同年，作者便开始着手写续集——魔戒之主，于是，霍比特历险记成了魔戒之主的序曲。经过了十一年，魔戒之主三部曲终于在一九四八年完成，而于一九五五年全部发行。在出版期间，魔戒之主系列便已颇受各界好评，例如芝加哥论坛曾评其为：“……总之，这是一个很棒的故事，不仅文字优美且创造了一个如幻似真的世界，一个作家最好的作品就是如此了。”
Set in a time "Between the Dawn of Færie and the Dominion of Men", The Hobbit follows the quest of home-loving Bilbo Baggins to win a share of the treasure guarded by the dragon, Smaug. Bilbo's journey takes him from light-hearted, rural surroundings into darker, deeper territory. The story is told in the form of an episodic quest, and most chapters introduce a specific creature, or type of creature, of Tolkien's Wilderland. By accepting the disreputable, romantic, fey and adventurous side of his nature (the "Tookish" side) and applying his wits and common sense, Bilbo develops a new level of maturity, competence and wisdom. The story reaches its climax in the Battle of Five Armies, where many of the characters and creatures from earlier chapters re-emerge to engage in conflict.
Themes of personal growth and forms of heroism figure in the story. Along with conflict, these themes lead critics to cite Tolkien's own experiences, and the those of other writers who fought in World War I, as instrumental in shaping the story. The author's scholarly knowledge of Anglo-Saxon literature and interest in fairy tales are also often noted as influences.
Due to the book's critical and financial success, Tolkien's publishers requested a sequel. As work on The Lord of the Rings progressed, Tolkien made retrospective accommodations for it in one chapter of The Hobbit. These few but significant changes were integrated into the second edition. Further editions followed with minor emendations, including those reflecting Tolkien's changing concept of the world into which Bilbo stumbled.
The work has never been out of print since the paper shortages of the Second World War. Its ongoing legacy encompasses many adaptations for stage, screen, radio, and gaming, both board and video games. Some of these adaptations have received critical recognition of their own, including a video game that won the Golden Joystick Award, a scenario of a war game that won an Origins Award, and an animated picture nominated for a Hugo Award.