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花卉与保健之四十二、杜鹃花开映山红 和血止咳有奇功
杏林老朽
秀才


Joined: 10 Apr 2008
Posts: 163
Location: 安徽芜湖
杏林老朽Collection
PostPosted: 2008-05-29 13:59:11    Post subject: 花卉与保健之四十二、杜鹃花开映山红 和血止咳有奇功 Reply with quote

“蜀国曾闻子规鸟,宣城还见杜鹃花,一叫一回肠一断,三春三月忆三巴。”这是唐代诗人李白在天宝十四年(公元755年)春,旅居安徽宣城,看见漫山遍野红艳似火的杜鹃花,触发了他对故乡的深切怀念,因此留下了这首千古佳作。
杜鹃花有紫色也有白色,但是更多的却是红色。相传古代蜀国,有一个号称望帝的国王,将他的王位禅让给丞相鳖灵之后,便隐居西山修道。后来不知为何忧郁成疾,死后竟化为一只杜鹃。每年到了春暖花开的季节,它便啼鸣不绝,不出血不止,闻者凄恻,都以为杜鹃花火红的颜色是它的鲜血染红的。看来,望帝的禅让并非自愿,恐怕另有隐情,其忧愁怨积不被人所知。所以,唐代诗人顾况在他的《子规》一诗中写道:“杜宇冤亡积有时,年年啼血动人愁。”杜宇就是望帝的名字,望帝禅让的传说现在已经成了千古之谜。
杜鹃花是世界名花,来源于我国,品种很多,全世界有800多个品种,我国就有650多个。号称“杜鹃王国”的云南就不下420余种。以长江为界,东至宝岛台湾,西到天府四川,每年到四五月间,山坡、丘陵、岩畔,满山遍野,红艳艳的一片,可以说是映红了半边天。
杜鹃花的药用价值首先记载在《本草纲目》上,但是只作为羊踯躅的附录刊载的,名为山踯躅。李时珍写道:山踯躅“处处山谷有之。春生苗,叶浅绿色,枝少而花繁,一枝数萼,二月始开花,如羊踯躅(即闹羊花,有毒。)而蒂如石榴花。”只简单的说它味酸无毒。关于杜鹃花的药用多来自民间,如《分类草药性》、《浙江民间常用草药》、《江西草药》等都有收集。《分类草药性》认为它能“治吐血、崩漏、和血、祛风寒。”《贵州民间方药集》记载表明,它可以“治月经不调、止血崩;浸酒内服可治风湿。果实止伤痛”等等。现在知道,杜鹃花含有甙类和黄酮类有效药理成分。经试验证明,这些有效成分可以缓解支气管痉挛,有明显的镇咳平喘的作用。临床应用还有止血、和血功效。用白杜鹃花30克(干者减半)与猪蹄同煮,喝汤吃肉,能治妇女白带过多。对于跌打损伤,风湿痛,妇女月经不调等,用它配方应用,都有明显的疗效。

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William Zhou周道模
探花


Joined: 10 Jun 2007
Posts: 3950
Location: 中国四川广汉
William Zhou周道模Collection
PostPosted: 2008-05-31 13:24:36    Post subject: Reply with quote

此时布谷啼人醒,开机又读杜鹃花。
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