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花卉与保健之三十三、凌波仙子生尘袜 水上轻盈步微月
杏林老朽
秀才


Joined: 10 Apr 2008
Posts: 163
Location: 安徽芜湖
杏林老朽Collection
PostPosted: 2008-05-13 15:51:54    Post subject: 花卉与保健之三十三、凌波仙子生尘袜 水上轻盈步微月 Reply with quote

在希腊神话里,水仙是美男子的化身;而在我国,它却是美女的象征。水仙花,冰肌玉骨、芳香幽雅、凌波飘逸。民间传说水仙花是尧帝的女儿娥皇、女英的化身。她们二人同嫁给舜,姊姊为后,妹妹为妃,三人感情甚好。舜在南巡崩驾,娥皇与女英双双殉情于湘江。上天怜悯二人的至情至爱,便将二人的魂魄化为江边水仙,二人也成为腊月水仙的花神了。前人据此不知写下许多赞美水仙花的诗篇,如曹植的《洛神赋》,宋代高似孙的水仙花前赋与后赋。若把他们抒写水仙花的美凝聚到一点,便是“纯洁”。宋代诗人黄庭坚,说它“节水花开自一奇,水沉为骨玉为肌。”并给了它一个美称——凌波仙子。宋代理学家朱熹在《赋水仙花》一诗中,不但描绘了水仙美妙的芳姿,还赞颂了水仙高贵的品格,“弱植愧兰荪,高操摧冰雪”。水仙不但皎洁谦逊、芳馨幽雅,能与兰花媲美;而且刚贞不阿、勇斗冰霜,堪与梅花匹敌。所以诗人将《诗经•鄘风•柏舟》中誓死不变心的烈女,《诗经•邶风•终风》中“静足”自守的淑女比作水仙,诗中写到:“凄凉《柏舟》誓,恻怆《终风》章。卓哉有遗烈,千载不可忘。”可以说是借水仙而流芳百世了。
水仙是我国十大传统名花之一,具有较高的观赏价值和药用价值。水仙花所含的挥发油有祛风清热、活血调经的作用。如用水仙花或水仙花的子、荷叶、赤芍等分为末,每天两次,每次 6克,可用于治疗妇女五心烦热。(即两手心,两足心并自觉心中烦热。大都是由于阴虚火旺或病后虚热不清,以及火热内郁所致。)
水仙的鳞茎含有多种生物碱,不但有兴奋子宫和抗病毒的药理作用,经实验证明还有对艾氏腹水癌等恶性肿瘤有明显的抑制作用。《本草纲目》认为它没有毒,而清代药物学家叶桂(与同时代的温病学家叶天士同名,但不是同一个人,)所撰的《本草再新》中认为水仙的鳞茎是有毒的。现在已经证实,水仙鳞茎中含有一种叫“拉可丁”的有毒物质,人或畜牲误食以后,能引起呕吐、腹泻等中毒反应。所以一般医籍所载,它主要用于外敷治疗痈疽肿毒。如《岭南采药录》记载:“取头部(即水仙鳞茎)捣烂,敷治乳痈;又治一切疔毒痈疽,捣烂敷之,能散毒。”《中药大辞典》也明确指出:“本品有毒,不宜内服。”所以,临床应用要谨慎,以免中毒。

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William Zhou周道模
探花


Joined: 10 Jun 2007
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Location: 中国四川广汉
William Zhou周道模Collection
PostPosted: 2008-05-24 03:58:23    Post subject: Reply with quote

水仙是否分为两种:泥中仙和水中仙?
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