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花卉与保健之十一、千点珍珠擎素蕊 一环明月破香葩
杏林老朽
秀才


Joined: 10 Apr 2008
Posts: 163
Location: 安徽芜湖
杏林老朽Collection
PostPosted: 2008-04-18 17:32:50    Post subject: 花卉与保健之十一、千点珍珠擎素蕊 一环明月破香葩 Reply with quote

隋大业年间,历史上有名的昏君隋炀帝,不惜征发百万民工开掘大运河,由东都(今河南洛阳)直达江都(今江苏扬州),据说只是为了一睹琼花的神采风姿。琼花自古被视为珍奇,史载只有扬州的后土祠有一株,“叶柔平莹泽,花大瓣厚,色淡黄,清馥异常。”宋代仁宗时,曾一度移植皇家后苑,不久便枯萎,送还扬州后又复活,一直到元至元年间枯死。以后,一位名叫金雨瑞的道士在原地重栽了一株聚八仙。所以,后人所知的琼花其实就是聚八仙。
琼花原产长江流域,山东、河南也有分布。春夏开花,开始花呈菜绿色,后来渐渐变成黄白色,盛开后就变得雪白如莹,清馥宜人,当中的小花可有数十朵乃至上万朵,如累累珍珠,四围八朵大花,大如盘盏,翩翩如彩蝶戏珠,潇洒风流,故有了“聚八仙”的美称。宋•韩琦称赞它说:“中含散水芳,外围胡蝶戏”“千点珍珠擎素蕊,一环明月破香葩”。到了秋高气爽的季节,琼花的果实成熟了,红艳如玛瑙,累累硕果,与绿叶相衬,分外妖娆,给萧瑟的金秋景色增添了几分热烈欢快的气氛。
琼花的美,还在于它那颇富传奇色彩的迷人传说。相传琼花是扬州独有、他乡无双的名贵花木,连隋炀帝也不远千里,大征民工修凿运河,一心要到扬州来观赏琼花。但当运河开成,隋炀帝坐龙船抵达扬州之前,琼花却被一阵冰雹摧毁了。接着爆发了各地的农民起义;隋政权崩溃,隋炀帝死于扬州。因而有"花死隋官灭,看花真无谓"的说法。隋炀帝是否真到扬州看琼花,虽不见正史,但典出《隋唐演义》第四十七回:"看琼花乐尽隋终,殉死节香销烈见。"在这里,琼花已不仅仅是自然界的一种名花,而是已被人格化了的有情之物。它寸劳动人民无限同情,对昏君隋炀帝无限憎恨;它不畏强暴,不畏权势;它爱憎分明,有灵有情,成了美好事物的象征。也许如此,琼花才博得历代文人骚客的赞叹。琼花正因这些传说和赞咏而扬名于世。世人因此视琼花为稀世奇花异草,视为人间少有,天上仙花落人间的仙葩,并把能够到扬州一睹琼花芳姿引为人生快事。在扬州历史上出现的"三春爱赏时,车马喧如市"的赏花盛况,即是这一反映。
琼花又叫木绣球,它的茎有祛湿止痒、清热消炎的药理作用,用之煎水外洗能够治疗疥癣湿烂痒痛。它的同类植物——欧木绣球在欧美各国的药典中载有记载。它的有效成分可以作为子宫镇静剂,用于治疗月经不调、子宫出血、产前疼痛等等。它的果实能够强心利尿。
有的文献记载,昙花也叫琼花。但是,它们俩为不同科属的两种植物。昙花为仙人掌科植物,原产南美;而琼花为忍冬科植物,在我国自古就有栽培。琼花以它的庄重、恬静和清雅,自古就受到了许多诗人的咏唱和赞美。它宁愿老死民间,也不愿在皇宫享受高级待遇的品格,更受到人们的青睐。唐代大诗人李白曾经用它的美貌和品格,来赞誉一个纯洁的民间少女:“西门秦氏女,秀色如琼花”,但愿这一美丽的奇葩永驻人间,装点江山,美化生活!

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人之所病,病疾多;而医之所病,病道少。
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荷梦
进士出身


Joined: 19 Dec 2006
Posts: 2826
Location: 湖北,黄梅
荷梦Collection
PostPosted: 2008-04-18 18:03:06    Post subject: Reply with quote

还是喜欢读杏林老前辈的这类介绍花卉与保健的文章。博古论今,内容详实,富有文采,且融历史文化知识与医药知识为一体,
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William Zhou周道模
探花


Joined: 10 Jun 2007
Posts: 3950
Location: 中国四川广汉
William Zhou周道模Collection
PostPosted: 2008-04-19 14:29:53    Post subject: Reply with quote

知识性散文,历史、诗词、传说、科普融为一体,别有特色。
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