事件: 无条件投降 INSTRUMENT OF SURRENDER
| 事件经过:
无条件投降指战败国向战胜国不附带保留条件的投降。也是第二次世界大战的结束方式。它意味着战胜国主要受舆论与文明的约束，战败国则受到严格的法律限制，即一切都应遵从战胜国的指示和命令。无条件投降的主要特征：
一是不谈判，战胜国只向战败国传达单边的迫降要求和投降的具体事宜，如时间、地点等。
二是不承认，战胜国不承认战败国原政府、原政治团体、原领导人有任何政治权力。从战败国投降签字到与战胜国建立正常关系之前，战败国政府的职能由战胜国驻军首脑机构行使。
例：日本无条件投降中国
日本投降书译文：
我们谨奉日皇、日本政府与其帝国大本营的命令，并代表日皇，日本政府与其帝国大本营，接受美中英三国政府元首七月二十六日在波茨坦宣布的，及以后由苏联附署的公告各条款。以下称四大强国为同盟国。
我们兹宣布日本帝国大本营及在日本控制下驻扎各地的日本武装部队，向同盟国无条件投降。
我们兹命令驻扎各地的一切日本武装部队及日本人民，即刻停止战事，保存一切舰艇、飞机、资源、军事及非军事的财产，免受损失，并服从同盟国最高统帅，或在他指导下日本政府各机关所要求的一切需要。
我们兹命令日本帝国大本营即刻下令日本的一切武装部队及不论驻在何地的日本控制下的武装部队的指挥官，他们自己及他们所率的武装部队，无条件投降。
我们兹命令一切民政的、军事的与海军的官员，服从与实行盟国最高统帅认为实践这一投降所适当的一切宣言、命令与指令，以及盟国最高统帅及在他授权下所颁布的一切宣言、命令与指令，并训令上述一切官员留在他们现有职位，除非由盟国最高统帅或在他授权下特别解除职务者外，继续执行非战斗的职责。
我们兹担承日皇、日本政府及其继承者忠实实行波茨坦公告的各项条文，并颁布盟国最高统帅所需要的任何命令及采取盟国最高统帅所需要的任何行动，或者实行盟国代表为实行波茨坦公告的任何其他指令。
我们兹命令日本帝国政府及日本帝国大本营，即刻解放在日本控制下的一切盟国军事俘虏与被拘禁的公民，并给予他们保卫、照料，维持并供给运抵指定地点的运输工具。
日皇与日本政府统治国家的权力，将服从盟国最高统帅，盟国最高统帅将采取他们认为实行这些投降条款所需要的一切步骤。
INSTRUMENT OF SURRENDER
We, acting by command of and in behalf of the Emperor of Japan, the Japanese Government and the Japanese Imperial General Headquarters, hereby accept the provisions set forth in the declaration issued by the heads of the Governments of the United States, China and Great Britain on 26 July 1945, at Potsdam, and subsequently adhered to by the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, which four powers are hereafter referred to as the Allied Powers.
We hereby proclaim the unconditional surrender to the Allied Powers of the Japanese Imperial General Headquarters and of all Japanese armed forces and all armed forces under the Japanese control wherever situated.
We hereby command all Japanese forces wherever situated and the Japanese people to cease hostilities forthwith, to preserve and save from damage all ships, aircraft, and military and civil property and to comply with all requirements which may be imposed by the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers or by agencies of the Japanese Government at his direction.
We hereby command the Japanese Imperial General Headquarters to issue at once orders to the Commanders of all Japanese forces and all forces under Japanese control wherever situated to surrender unconditionally themselves and all forces under their control.
We hereby command all civil, military and naval officials to obey and enforce all proclamations, orders and directives deemed by the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers to be proper to effectuate this surrender and issued by him or under his authority and we direct all such officials to remain at their posts and to continue to perform their non-combatant duties unless specifically relieved by him or under his authority.
We hereby undertake for the Emperor, the Japanese Government and their successors to carry out the provisions of the Potsdam Declaration in good faith, and to issue whatever orders and take whatever action may be required by the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers or by any other designated representative of the Allied Powers for the purpose of giving effect to that Declaration.
We hereby command the Japanese Imperial Government and the Japanese Imperial General Headquarters at once to liberate all allied prisoners of war and civilian internees now under Japanese control and to provide for their protection, care, maintenance and immediate transportation to places as directed.
The authority of the Emperor and the Japanese Government to rule the state shall be subject to the Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers who will take such steps as he deems proper to effectuate these terms of surrender.
Signed at TOKYO BAY, JAPAN at 0904 I on the SECOND day of SEPTEMBER , 1945.
MAMORU SHIGEMITSU
By Command and in behalf of the Emperor of Japan and the Japanese Government.
YOSHIJIRO UMEZU
By Command and in behalf of the Japanese Imperial General Headquarters.
Accepted at TOKYO BAY, JAPAN at 0908 I on the SECOND day of SEPTEMBER , 1945, for the United States, Republic of China, United Kingdom and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, and in the interests of the other United Nations at war with Japan.
DOUGLAS MAC ARTHUR
Supreme Commander for the Allied Powers.
C.W. NIMITZ
United States Representative
HSU YUNG-CH'ANG
Republic of China Representative
BRUCE FRASER
United Kingdom Representative
KUZMA DEREVYANKO
Union of Soviet Socialist Republics Representative
THOMAS BLAMEY
Commonwealth of Australia Representative
L. MOORE COSGRAVE
Dominion of Canada Representative
JACQUES LE CLERC
Provisional Government of the French Republic Representative
C.E.L. HELFRICH
Kingdom of the Netherlands Representative
LEONARD M. ISITT
Dominion of New Zealand Representative
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