唐代 姚合 Yao Ge  唐代   (775~846)
和東都令狐留守相公(一作奉寄東都留守令狐相公) And the East are Linghu Stay behind for garrison or liaison duty Dear husband to send it East have a Stay behind for garrison or liaison duty Linghu Xianggongzhuang
和高諫議蒙兼賓客時入翰苑 And high-Jian Yi Meng and Guest Time into the John Townhouse
和盧給事酬裴員外 And Lu Pei paid to do ministry councillor
和裴結端公早朝(一作和郭端公早朝) And Pei Results End public Levee One for and Guo End public levee
和門下李相餞西蜀相公 and A hanger-on of an aristocrat Phase preserves Western Shu Xiang Gong Li
和座主相公西亭秋日即事 And the seat main xianggongzhuang West pavilion Autumn That is something
和秘書崔少監春日遊青竜寺僧院
和李紳助教不赴看花 and Li shen Tutor Do not go See the flowers
和李十二捨人鼕至日 And Li Troubadour Scheeren winter solstice
和裴令公新成緑野堂即事 And PEI that the public Neoformation Church is something green
和厲玄侍禦題戶部李相公廬山西林草堂 And li black Shi yu inscribe The board of revenue and population Li Xiang Gong Lushan mountain Xilin thatched cottage
和鄭相演楊尚書蜀中唱和詩 And Chung Sang-speech Yang shangshu Xiu to sing to compose verses to match those by others (as a literary exercise)
和戶部侍郎省中晚歸 and The board of revenue and population Assistant minister Province Coming home
和元八郎中秋居 And dollars Physician trained in herb medicine Fall Home
和李十二捨人、裴四二捨人兩閣老酬白少傅見寄 And Li Troubadour Scheeren Scheeren 2 Pei April 2 Gelao Send paid Baishao Fu See
和劉禹錫主客鼕初拜表懷上都故人 and Liu yuxi The guest of honour Early Winter To present a report, petition, etc. to the emperor Both pregnant decedent
和太僕田卿酬殷堯藩侍禦見寄 Hetaipu Tian qing Fulfil yan yaofan Shi Yu See Send
和膳部李郎中秋夕 And Kashiwade Lee Physician trained in herb medicine Qiu Xi
和前吏部韓侍郎夜泛南溪 And former Ministry of official personal affairs in feudal china (former) Chinese state Assistant minister Night Pan South Stream
和王郎中題華州李中丞廳 And Wang Physician trained in herb medicine Washington State title Li zhong Cheng Hall
和厲玄侍禦、無可上人會宿見寄 And li Xuan Shi Yu Mo ke Buddhist monk Council places See Send
和令狐六員外直夜即事寄上相公 and Linghu hexad Ministry councillor Something that is sent straight night Photograph well fair
答孟侍禦早朝見寄 A Meng Shi yu levee See Send
和友人新居園上 And friend New home Park on
多首一頁
古詩 ancient style poetry
窮邊詞二首(其一)

姚合


  將軍作鎮古汧洲,水膩山春節氣柔。
  清夜滿城絲管散,行人不信是邊頭。

【賞析】   題一作《邊詞》。窮邊,意思是極遠的邊地。原詩二首,這是第一首。詩寫邊鎮的升平景象,藉以贊揚邊鎮守將的防守之功。作者在元和十年(815),曾以記室從“隴西公”鎮涇州(今屬甘肅),詩或作於此時。(qiān牽)州,今為陝西千縣。唐自天寶以後,西北疆土大半陷於吐蕃。州離長安並不算遠,但在作者眼中卻成了“窮邊”,國力就可想而知了。
  
    全詩主要在寫景象,藉景象來顯示將軍防守之功,並不着眼於直接歌功頌德。首句“將軍作鎮古州”,點明本詩頌揚的對象,下面二句詩即介紹了將軍擔任鎮守之職後,古州出現的繁榮景象。詩人着意渲染了春日的山、水、節氣和清夜的絲管,使人感到這裏不再有邊地的荒涼,不再有邊地的戰火氣息,耳濡目染的都是欣欣嚮榮的太平景象。“水膩山春節氣柔”,水膩,是說水滑潤如油,自是春水的柔美形態,和夏水的洶涌浩蕩有別。用“膩”字形容春水,自然也含了詩人的贊美之意。“山春”二字簡潔地描繪出群山萬壑山花爛漫的無限春色。節氣柔,是說節氣柔和,風雨以時。這句的意思是:春光柔媚,山青水秀;而明麗的春光,則正是“節氣柔”的結果。這是總寫春日白天的邊鎮風光。入夜以後的邊鎮,又是一番景象。詩人衹用了“滿城絲管”四字來描繪它,這是用了誇張的手法。絲管之聲不是衹從高門大戶中傳出,而是大街小巷滿城蕩漾。一個“散”字用得極妙,把萬傢歡樂,沒有邊警之擾的景象烘托了出來。絲管之聲發自“清夜”,又說明邊鎮在歡樂中清靜而有秩序,雖然歡樂,卻不擾嚷。因此,地雖是“窮邊”,景卻是美景。難怪從內地來的客人看到這種春意盎然、歌舞升平的景象,竟然不相信這是邊塞之地。這種太平景象的出現,應該歸功於“作鎮”的將軍。但是詩人卻沒有對將軍緻邊地於太平之功直接贊美一詞,衹是把贊美之情暗含於對美景的贊揚之中,用筆顯得非常委婉。結句寫行人的感想,仍然避免自己直說譽詞。“行人不信”,似乎是作為客觀現象來寫,然而,來來往往的行人不也包括詩人自己嗎?那種由衷的贊美之情寫得藴藉有味。
  
    (孫其芳)

【資料來源】 502_21


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