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Patrick Süskind帕特里克·聚斯金德（Patrick Sǖskind）1949年出生在德国巴伐利亚州施塔恩贝格湖畔的阿姆巴赫，早年在慕尼黑和法国的埃克斯昂普罗旺斯攻读与研究中世纪
帕特里克·聚斯金德
史和近代史，后一度靠写电影分镜头剧本维持生活。他发表的处女作是剧本《低音提琴》。该剧于1981年9月在慕尼黑首次演出，后来许多剧院纷纷上演，其间被译成多种语言，为聚斯金德在文坛上赢得了声誉。1984年，聚斯金德完成了他的第一部小说《香水》，出版后轰动了德语文坛。继《香水》之后，聚斯金德用古典主义的笔调创作了中篇小说《鸽子》。小说描写巴黎某家银行一个看门人单调枯燥的生活，1987年初第一版销量即高达十万册。据《明镜》周刊统计，《鸽子》与《香水》一道，自1987年4月起同属德国严肃文学十本最佳畅销书之列，聚斯金德以此轰动了德语文坛。
生平
综述
十五年前，时任《世界文学》编辑的蔡鸿君先生慧眼识金，在八十年代相当活跃的德国文坛上注意到一颗崭露头角的新星——帕特里克·聚斯金德，并首次将其作品引入中国。然而，中译本《鸽子》当时并未像小说中的鸽子对主人公产生心灵震撼那样，在中国读者中引起轰动。直到数年后，聚斯金德的誉满全球之作《香水》才使他的知名度在中国陡然上升，其“香气”甚至流芳至今。
背景
聚斯金德1949年出生在德国南部巴伐利亚州的施塔恩贝格湖畔，早年学过钢琴，后又攻读历史，曾作过西门子公司的文秘，在酒吧舞厅里打过工，甚至还当过乒乓球陪练。广博的历史知识和不同的生活经历使他思维活跃，想象力极其丰富。在大学念书时，聚斯金德就尝试撰写短篇散文和长篇的影视剧本，但都未能发表或被采用。此后，他一度靠给电视台写剧本为生。1980年聚斯金德创作出第一部个人作品——独幕单人话剧《低音提琴》，次年该剧首演便获好评，随即成为欧洲话剧舞台上长盛不衰的经典剧目。四年之后，他的第一部小说《香水》问世，该书一经推出便迷倒了众多读者，先后被译成近四十种语言，各种版本在全世界的总发行量高达1200万册。在随后的几年里，聚斯金德又陆续出版了《鸽子》和《夏先生的故事》两部小说，均得到了读者和评论界的交口称赞，从而奠定了他在当代德语文坛引人注目的地位。
耐人寻味的故事情节
与同时代的德国作家相比，聚斯金德文学创作的产量并不高，作品的篇幅亦不大，但其丰富、奇特的想象力，深邃的思想含义，耐人寻味的故事情节，隽永的寓意和精湛的文笔，却给人留下了极为深刻的印象。《香水》像一部充满神秘色彩的传奇，聚斯金德运用现实主义的叙事手法，惟妙惟肖地刻画出十八世纪法国巴黎一个怪才格雷诺耶“寻香杀女人”的离奇一生。而在《鸽子》一书中，聚斯金德又充分发挥了自己细腻入微的心理描写技巧，把巴黎一家银行门卫诺埃尔的意识流动和内心独白栩栩如生地呈现在人们眼前。忠于职守、老实巴交的诺埃尔，三十年如一日地蜗居在自己的小屋里，过着平淡孤寂、与世无争的生活。然而一天早晨，一只突然出现在门口的鸽子却让他惊慌失措，六神无主。于是，往日的平静全被打破，包括衣、食、住、行和本职工作在内的所有的生活细节均受到干扰，主人公的精神世界濒临崩溃的边缘。这一切莫名其妙的混乱，直到那只带来不祥之兆的鸽子悄然离去时才随之平息，一切又复归原样。《低音提琴》中主人公愤世嫉俗而又无可奈何的大段自我解嘲，极为贴切地反映了失意者的矛盾心态。而《夏先生的故事》则通过孩童之口，以诙谐幽默且不乏讽刺意味的生动、形象的叙述，道出了作者对人间事物的真实看法。从这些题材和体裁不尽相同的作品上，可以看出聚斯金德编织故事的杰出才华和驾驭德语的深厚功底。
视点在小人物身上
迄今为止，聚斯金德的文学创作几乎都远离鸿篇巨制和重大题材，而总是把视点放在那些没有社会地位的小人物身上，对他们的喜怒哀乐和酸甜苦辣给予了深切的同情。无论是人生不得志的低音提琴手，还是孤家寡人的银行门卫，或者“一意孤行”的夏先生，甚至那个残忍的“香水杀手”，都属于与时尚格格不入并为上流社会所不屑一顾的“圈外人”（Aussenseiter）。聚斯金德借助对这些人物命运的描写，展示了后工业社会中人们普遍存在的困惑、恐惧、沮丧、不安、无奈，及其悲观的内心世界和荒诞反常、难以理喻的怪异行为，从而成为德国后现代主义的代表作家之一。
性格
聚斯金德生性腼腆，不爱张扬，平日深居简出，行迹难觅。和一般知名作家不同的是，他的一部作品问世后，自己便远离媒体的喧嚣，下一本书总要等上好几年才会露脸，而且不鸣则已，一鸣惊人。加上作品内容亦真亦幻，故事情节似有似无，使这位天才作家在德语文坛上显得若隐若现，飘忽不定。人们已习惯了他在瞬间闪光发亮之后，就消失得无影无踪，直到他又一部脍炙人口的佳作幽然冒出。
作品
聚斯金德作品系列，包括新译的《低音提琴》和《夏先生的故事》，以及新版《香水》、《鸽子》。
Life and work
The public knows little about Patrick Süskind. He has withdrawn from the literary scene in Germany and never grants interviews or allows photos. He was born in Ambach am Starnberger See, near Munich in Germany. His father was writer and journalist Wilhelm Emanuel Süskind, who worked for the well-established Süddeutsche Zeitung and is famous as the co-author of the well-known "Wörterbuch eines Unmenschen", a critical collection of essays on the language of the Nazi era. Patrick Süskind went to school in Holzhausen, a little Bavarian village. His mother worked as a sports trainer; his older brother Martin E. Süskind is also a journalist. Süskind has many relatives from the aristocracy in Württemberg, making him one of the descendants of the exegete Johann Albrecht Bengel and of the reformer Johannes Brenz. After his Abitur and his Zivildienst, he studied Medieval and Modern History at the University of Munich and in Aix-en-Provence from 1968-1974. Süskind also attended lessons in English, Spanish, Latin, Greek, Politics, Art and Theology but, apparently, never graduated. Financially supported by his parents, he moved to Paris where he wrote "mainly short, unpublished fiction and longer screenplays which were not made into films" as he once said self-deprecatingly.
He had his breakthrough with the play The Double Bass. In the theatre season 1984/85 there were more than 500 performances of the piece, which made it a best-selling play for several seasons. It is still often performed. At the centre of the play stands a tragi-comical orchestral musician, who has so many problems with his instrument and his insignificance that he falls into nagging fatalism. In the 1980s Süskind was also successful as a screenwriter for the TV productions Kir Royal (1987) and Monaco Franze (1983), among others. For his screenplay of Rossini, directed by Helmut Dietl he gained the Screenplay Prize of the German Department for Culture in 1996. He rejected other awards, like the respectable FAZ-Literaturpreis by a conservative German newspaper, the Tukanpreis and the Gutenbergpreis.
His best-known work is the internationally-acclaimed bestseller Perfume: The Story of a Murderer (1985). This was made into a film in 2006 by Tom Tykwer and is the only story of his to have reached the cinema to date. With more than 12 million copies sold and translations into 46 languages, he is probably the most well-known contemporary German writer in the world. His novel was on the bestselling list of the German weekly news magazine "Spiegel" for nine years. He is also the author of a novella, The Pigeon (1988), The Story of Mr. Sommer (1991), Three Stories and a Reflection (1996), and a collection of essays, On Love and Death (2006).
Süskind lives reclusively in Munich, in Seeheim (Lake Starnberg) and in France (probably Paris and Montolieu).
Selected works
Perfume
The Story of Mr Sommer
The Pigeon
Double Bass (play)
Rossini (film)
Three Stories and a Reflection
On Love and Death (essays)
A movie based on Perfume was released in 2006.