ní gǔ lā 'èr shì · yà lì shān dé luó wéi qí | |||||||
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shēng píng
huáng tài zǐ shí qī, wéi xī bó lì yà tiě lù jiàn shè wěi yuán huì zhù xí。 1891 nián, qián wǎng hǎishēn wǎi zhù chí chū xí xī bó lì yà tiě lù kāi gōng yí shì shí, shùn lù fǎng wèn rì běn, yú dà jīn yù xí, shǐ chēng “ dà jīn shì jiàn ”。
cóng 19 shì jì mò qǐ, yǐ zhòng gōng yè wéi zhōng xīn de 'é luó sī gōng yè tǐ xì dé dào wán shàn。 gāo sù chéngzhǎng de zī běn zhù yì jīng jì yǔ luò hòu de dì yī chǎn yè zhī jiān chǎn shēng liǎo bù kě kè fú de máo dùn。 1895 nián yǔ dé huáng wēi lián 'èr shì gān shè rì běn guī hái liáo dōng bàn dǎo gěi zhōng guó。 1900 nián, zhèn yā yì hé tuán zhī hòu, pài jūn cānyù bā guó lián jūn, rù qīn zhōng guó běi jīng, zhàn lǐng zhōng guó dōng běi。 yǔ rì běn zhēng duó cháo xiān hé mǎn zhōu, zài 1904 nián bào fā rì 'é zhàn zhēng。 1905 nián, lǚ shùn bèi rì běn gōng kè zhī hòu, shèng bǐ dé bǎo fā shēng“ xuè xīng xīng qī rì” shì jiàn, bào fā 1905 nián gé mìng。 yóu yú sī tuō léi píng gǎi gé 'ér zàn shí dù guò nán guān, dàn shì yòu xiàn rù gèng fù zá de bā 'ěr gān wèn tí。
yīn huáng tài zǐ 'ā liè kè xiè huàn yòu xuè yǒu bìng,
1914 nián,
1990 nián dài,
niǔ yuē shí bào 2007 nián 11 yuè 25 rì bào dào, sū wéi 'āi shí qī de dàng 'àn zhōng, yòu xíng xíng zhě huí yì chǔjué guò chéng de mì mì bào gào。 yī qún yè yú rén shì fēn xī bào gào hòu fā xiàn, xiàn suǒ jiù zài xíng xíng duì dài tóu zhě yóu luò fū sī jī de zhèng cí zhōng。 yóu luò fū sī jī biǎo shì, qí tā wáng shì chéng yuán huò zhī chí zhě wèi lái xún zhǎo shā huáng yī jiā yí hái shí, huì jiāng mù biāo shè dìng wéi shí yī jù yí tǐ; tā men wèile hùn xiáo shì tīng, gù yì jiāng qí zhōng liǎng jù shī tǐ fén huǐ, bìng mái zài lìng yī gè dì diǎn。
zhè qún yè yú rén shì gēn jù xiàn suǒ, zài jù lí dāng chū fā xiàn jiǔ jù yí tǐ dì diǎn yuē liù shí mǐ de shù lín lǐ, fā xiàn dà dǐ shāo dé jiāo hēi de liǎng jù gǔ hái, lǐ miàn hái jiā zá zǐ dàn hé shèng zhuāng qiáng suān guàn zǐ de suì piàn, qiáng suān yīngshì yòng lái huǐ shī miè jì。 zhè xiē cán hái fā xiàn shí de yàng zǐ hé zuì zǎo fā xiàn de jiǔ jù shī tǐ lèi sì。
2008 nián, fù zé lǐng dǎo DNA jiàn dìng tuán duì de mò sī kē guó lì dà xué jiào shòu luó gé yé fū jiē shòu cǎi fǎng shí, biǎo shì
2008 nián qī yuè, é guó zǒng jiǎn chá cháng bàn gōng shì fā biǎo shēng míng shuō:“ shǐ yòng sān zhǒng yí chuán jiǎn yàn wán zhěng jìn xíng de DNA yán jiū jiēguǒ zhèng shí liǎo yī zhǒng jiǎ shè, jí dì 'èr zuò mù xué mái zàng liǎo mǎ lì yà nǚ dà gōng hé yà lì sài yǐ huáng tài zǐ de yí tǐ。” zài zhè xiàng xuān bù zuò chū zhī hòu shù xiǎo shí, é luó sī dōng zhèng jiào tú jiāng jǔ xíng yí shì, yǐ 'āi dào
2008 nián 10 yuè 1 rì, é luó sī zuì gāo fǎ yuàn zhèng shì wéi
hūn yīn
1894 nián 11 yuè 26 rì zài shèng bǐ dé bǎo qǔ hēi sēn hé lāi yīn dà gōng guó de wéi duō lì yà · ài lì sī · hǎi lún nà · lù yì sī · bǐ 'ā tè lì sī jùn zhù( VictoriaAliceHelenaLouiseBeatrice), é luó sī míng wéi yà lì shān dé lā · fèi 'ào duō luó fú nà。
zǐ nǚ
* ào lì jiā nǚ dà gōng GrandDuchessOlga1895 nián -1918 nián
* tǎ jì yáng nà nǚ dà gōng GrandDuchessTatiana1897 nián -1918 nián
* mǎ lì yà nǚ dà gōng GrandDuchessMaria1899 nián -1918 nián
* ān nà sī tǎ xī yà nǚ dà gōng GrandDuchessAnastasia1901 nián -1918 nián
* ā liè kè xiè huáng chǔ TsarevichAlexei1904 nián -1918 nián
Nicholas II ruled from 1894 until his abdication on 15 March 1917. His reign saw Imperial Russia go from being one of the foremost great powers of the world to an economic and military disaster. Critics nicknamed him Nicholas the Bloody because of the Khodynka Tragedy, Bloody Sunday, and the anti-Semitic pogroms that occurred during his reign. As head of state, he approved the Russian mobilization of August 1914 which marked the first fatal step into World War I and thus into the demise of the Romanov dynasty.
Nicholas II abdicated following the February Revolution of 1917 during which he and his family were imprisoned first in the Alexander Palace at Czarskoe Selo, then later in the Governor's Mansion in Tobolsk, and finally at the Ipatiev House in Yekaterinburg. Nicholas II, his wife, his son, his four daughters, the family's medical doctor, the Czar's Valet, the Empress' Lady in Waiting and the family's cook were all killed in the same room by the Bolsheviks on the night of 17 July 1918. This led to the canonization of Nicholas II, his wife the Empress and their children as martyrs by various groups tied to the Russian Orthodox Church within Russia and, prominently, by the Russian Orthodox Church outside Russia.
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