Can be made musical, instruments used for playing music
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﹑ Can send musical instruments used for playing music
Can be made musical, the apparatus used for playing music. "Zhou Chun Official Code with the": "Where the instrument, to whom several Shiyou Er law, to whom Qi Shi Youer sound volume." Tang Xue use weak "different mind set plum Mu": "to the person playing the flute, does that mean Sun-Down? day format absolutely high, but unfortunately are often ear instruments." Cao Yu, "The Sword and guts," Act III: "They are beating instruments, low voice reciting the prayers for rain."
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- Folk instruments -
Folk instruments into four categories: body-ming musical instruments, musical film ming, gas alarms musical instruments, as well as stringed musical instruments ming.
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Body Ming instruments
(1) body percussion instruments Naruto: Buzz, wooden piano, rhyme board, keno bamboo, bamboo piano, gong, clang clang, singles, Mang gongs, drums, triangle, wooden fish, the Cantonese version, xylophone, aluminum piano, etc. and so on. (2) hit each body ming instruments: Bang Bang, bronze mirrors, bang bamboo, bamboo bar, cymbals, cloth, holy, milk cymbals, head cymbals, two cymbals, small cymbals, cymbals, large cymbals, hairpin, the Secretary Nirvana, cymbals, small cymbals, touch the cup, touch the bell, bell waist, wide Schock, bench, it stone, it is stone, bone board, and so on. (3) off the strike body ming instruments: music pestle, pound cylinder of bamboo, bamboo, bamboo Yao, Al Gore, and so on. (4) body shaking hit Naruto instruments: even car stick, according to Saba, Reba bell, bell plate, Diamond Bell, Yao Ling, shaman bell, shake bell, string of bells, Bells, Eight bells, Knives, and so on. (5) Integrated Body-ming playing musical instruments: bamboo reed, dance to, iron springs, iron springs Sibo, and so on.
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Ming musical film
(1) Chui Ming hit film musical instruments: drums, drum row, the kinds of labor Zhuang, Yao drum, bass drum aquarium, plug spit, a little bucket, rope light, gift Jiang, Yao monkey drums, Miao monkey drum, drum, drum for marking time, snout drums, ginger drums, drums, drums flat, octave drums, drum books, fire-like boom, snare drum, peace drum, Japanese wood, ring drums, drum lift, Dama, Nagra, such as Dharma, building drum God drum, that amount Dabul, bamboo drums, and so on. (2) Slap film ming instruments: drums Sherpa, octagonal drum, tambourine, Dabo, Wong drums, drums, Guangya, light swallow, and so on. (3) mixing musical hit film Naruto: tambourine (commonly known as the snake drum), drum, side drum, double drum, drum stick, drum bee, Wang Du, and so on.
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Gas alarms instruments
(1) lip vibration gas alarms instruments: horns, copper corner, just holes, conch, deer flute, trombone, drum Chin, Mang tube, Bubba, and so on. (2) throat vibrating gas alarms instruments: Acacia flute, and so on. (3) edges gas alarms instruments: Hu Jia Zhuang flute, Corneille, flutes, panpipes, short flute, drum flute, nose flute, Sibu Si amount eagle flute, Bone flute, spit either, straight flute, Brea, Pagar lost winter, columns, flute rotten horn, Kro, twin nose flute, bar order, Agu, flute old Norwegian, mud wow woo, roe deer whistle, whistle, Xun, and so on. (4) breathe Ming instruments: flute night, Dong flute, flute plugs, awards, Wage Luo, Xiong Lin, Khasawneh follow, whirring, whirring bass, Pacific flute, Ga winded, May flute, flute wicker, wicker bamboo shoots , Le velvet, sisters flute, flute double-barreled Dong, Xiao Bo call, must horn kit, and so on. (5) Single-reed instrument gas alarms: Bau, wicker, wicker phase, Miao Di, Mount tube, bamboo flute, Maputo, wicker Lu, inch flute, pound loss, pen tube, big tick Long, wicker drink, Bo Lu, wicker construction, Lee out, Rowe, flute column, Seoul wicker, wicker Rambouillet waves Mans flute, the United States has its horn, dual Bau, twin-tube wicker Lang hundred, wicker total, never out, double-barreled bamboo flute, double tube Maputo, Fei Chake, wicker up, Hulusi, Lusheng, Pai Sheng, Sheng treble, alto and dulcimer, bass Sheng, Kiba, and so on. (6) gas alarms double reed instruments: Balamand, Bobo, fine wicker horn, flute little stuffy, Suer Nai, long suona, Kerry orders, wave train, suona Miao, Bai suona, Yi suona, worship, Leyou · Le waves, Dongba, wide poetry Corneille, two wicker horn, long plot, twin-tube bored flute, Mimi, double Le waves, and so on.
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Stringed instruments Ming
(1) strike chord Ming instruments: dulcimer, harp bamboo, bamboo qin, Qiang, and so on. (2) shells plucked Ming instruments: zither, Liuqin, Nguyen (Nguyen, Nguyen, Nguyen), guqin, butterfly kite, mysterious piano, gayageum, Yatuo Karma, banjo, Monochord, Wu Xian Pipa, Pipa Naxi fire without thinking, suddenly thunder, test Muzi, Su ancient Benedictine, wooden bar, the bombs in Istanbul, according to race spit Seoul, Pitt about corbels piano, which Seoul alone, Kashi hot wap, multi Langeron wap, hot wap, Ba Langzi Kumu, according Kumu day, Akon Dongbula band Tamboura, banjo, banjo Guizhou Buyi Xianning Yi, Yi four strings, four strings Miao, Dong large lute, the pipa and Dong, Dongs small lute, which Buesum big sanxian, leading sanxian, Yi small three-stringed lute, a small three-stringed lute Lahu, Lisu sanxian, race Ding Zhuang sanxian anthill facilities sanxian big sanxian Yi Yi in sanxian, Hmong sanxian, Tian Qin, vertical harp, harp phoenix head, double harp strings, harp geese column, swapping harp, Caron, bow harps, Da Biya, Dai Ding, asked just show Seoul, East Boolean, Fei Teke na, three-wire piano, etc. . (3) the bow to pull the string sound instruments: erhu, Qu Hu Hu, Hu, Hu high, jinghu banhu, dances, Benny Cheng, ajaeng, 塔吉克艾捷克, violin, SA It Seoul, Seoul Hu West it, coconut Hu, gourd Hu, Hu soil, roots cards, 多朗艾捷克, Aijie Ke, Yi Jieke treble, bass Aijie Ke, single-stringed erhu, appropriate dispute, Ding black, Xi Qin, reform Xi Xi Qin Qin · four strings must Wang, iron piano, Tibetan jinghu horse bones Hu, Hu bamboo, Naxi violin, two yellow, depending on Rondo, West Ding, Dolo, Barzani, Hu Yi three, four Hu, Hu Mongolian four, four strings Hu, Hu Yi four , Buyi four Hu, dances, Keya Ke, uh squeak, corbels piano, Ku Buzi, North Korea Seoul, and so on.
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Supplement
Added: Undoubtedly, the most exquisite bronzes when the number of bronze ritual musical instruments. Bronze bell instrument is mainly one large bells, cast bell alone, and Tudor, cymbals, etc. are the same family with bell artifacts. In ancient times, the ceremony and the music is very difficult to separate. Whether worship, or feast, nature is full of food and wine in the luxurious bronze ritual vessels, but it also has a corresponding grand musical accompaniment. So, fundamentally, music is subordinate to the ceremony. In addition to worship, banquet, wedding, funeral mourning outside, some copper musical instruments are also used conquest and battle command, such as "beat a drum", refers to the command of the army's retreat with military music and move forward. - Bronze cymbals main instrument, gong, bell, Duo, bell hooks, heading in, drums, etc.
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- Western instruments -
Western musical instruments mainly refers to the 18th century, European countries have finalized the orchestra and playing stringed instruments, keyboard instruments. Western musical instruments commonly classified as follows:
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Stringed instrument
Stringed musical instrument is an important branch within the family, as well as modern light music in classical music, almost all of the lyrics to the melody played by the string voices. Visible, soft, sweet is the common feature of all stringed instruments. Stringed instrument timbre unified, multiple levels of expression: When ensemble surging passionate, gentle and graceful when solo; and because rich and varied bowing (trembling, broken, dial, jumping, etc.) and have Smart colors. Stringed pronunciation way is to rely on mechanical tensioning force so that the vibration of the strings to pronounce, so pronunciation volume subject to certain restrictions. Stringed instrument is usually played with a different chord sounds different, and sometimes required to use your finger to change according to the string chord length, so as to achieve the purpose of changing the pitch. Stringed instrument from which the pronunciation, the main pull the strings into a bow-ming instruments (such as violin class) and playing pizzicato sound instruments (such as guitars). (1) bow string sound instruments: Violin (Violin), Viola (Viola), Cello (Cello), double bass (Double Bass); (2) shells plucked Ming instruments: harp (Harp), guitar (Guitar), guitar (Electric Guitar), Bass (Bass);.
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Woodwind
Woodwind early origins, evolved from folk reed pipe, reed and so on. Woodwind instrument family is the richest family in tone, was used to express the nature and rural life scenarios. In the symphony orchestra, whether it is used as an accompaniment or solo, has its own special charm, is an important part of the symphony orchestra. Most woodwind musical to produce vibrations in the air, according to sound methods can be broadly divided into lip-ming (such as flute, etc.) and the spring-ming (such as clarinet, etc.). Woodwind material is not limited to wood, also have the choice of metal, ivory or animal bones and other materials. They sound different, distinctive. From beautiful bright to deep gloom, everything. For this reason, in the band, woodwind often adept at shaping a variety of vivid musical image, greatly enriched orchestral effects. (1) Lip Ming categories: Flute (Flute), Piccolo (Piccolo); (2) Reed Ming categories: Clarinet (Clarinet), oboe (Oboe), British (English Horn), bassoon (Bassoon), Saxophone (Saxophone).
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Brass
Brass predecessor mostly used when hunting bugle and trumpet. The use of copper in the early symphony small quantities. For a long period of time, the symphony orchestra with only two French horn, trumpet and sometimes increased to a half of the nineteenth century, it has been widely used brass instruments in the symphony orchestra. Brass and woodwind pronunciation different ways, they are not by shortening the air column inside the tube to change the pitch, but on the performer lip pressure change and the instrument itself on "additional pipe" approach to change the pitch. All brass instruments are equipped with a cylindrical mouthpiece similar in shape, elongated tube body has a conical shape. Voice features brass instruments is magnificent, brilliant, warm, although distinctive sound, but ambitious, wide volume for the common feature brass group, which is unmatched by other types of instruments. (1) Brass Instruments: Trumpet (Trumpet), Cornet (Cornet), trombone (Trombone), Horn (French Horn), large (Tuba).
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Keyboard Instruments
Keyboard instrument family, all the instruments have a common characteristic, that is the keyboard. But the way they sound, but subtly different, such as a piano string percussion class belongs to strike while the reed organ belongs Ming musical category, while the electronic synthesizer, the use of modern electro-acoustic technology and so on. Keyboard instruments relative to other instruments in terms of the family has its incomparable advantages, that is its broad range and the ability to issue multiple tones simultaneously. For this reason, keyboard even as a solo instrument, but also has rich color harmonies and orchestral effects. Therefore, since ancient times, keyboard much composers and music lovers' attention and love. Among them, the piano known as the king of musical instruments. (1) Keyboard Instruments: Piano (Piano), organ (Organ), accordion (Piano Accordion), organ (Electronic Keyboard).
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Percussion
Percussion instrument family is probably the oldest in the family. Many of his family members, different characteristics, although they sound simple, and some are not even musical sounds, but the music for rendering the atmosphere plays an important role. Usually percussion instruments by percussion, friction, shaking to sound. Do not think only percussion music from strengthening efforts, suggesting the role of the rhythm of the music, in fact, there are quite a lot of percussion can use it as a melody instrument! In the modern orchestra adds a lot of African, Asian music sounds exotic percussion, almost impossible to completely list. (1) There tune Percussion: Timpani (Timpani), xylophone (Xylophone), celesta (Celesta), tubular bells (TUBULAR BELLS), etc.; (2) No transfer Percussion: Snare (Snare Drum), drums (Bass Drum), triangle (Triangle), Tambourine (Tambourine), castanets (Castanets), maracas (Maracas), cymbals (Cymbals), gong ( Gong).
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Current development of China's music industry
2008 country music industry 278 production enterprises above designated size industrial sales output value of 15.935 billion yuan, an increase of 12.59%, export delivery value of 6.885 billion yuan, an increase of 0.84%. Industrial output value (current price) 16.045 billion yuan, an increase of 12.68%. The above data show that in 2008 China's above-scale enterprises music industry continued to maintain steady growth, but the growth rate of decrease in industrial sales output value of 1.49% over last year, export growth rate decrease of 4.44% drop for the lowest ever. 2008 music industry enterprises above designated size distribution of 17 domestic provinces and municipalities, Guangdong, Shandong, Tianjin, Zhejiang, Jiangsu, Hebei, Liaoning, Beijing, Shanghai, Henan is China's major production regions instruments, industrial output value of 15.198 billion yuan, accounting for 95.37% of the entire instrument industry output, the number of 256 enterprises, accounting for 92.08% of the total domestic scale musical instrument. Rapid growth in industrial output in Henan, Liaoning, Guangdong, Hubei and other provinces, down from last year, Tianjin, Shanghai and Beijing three municipalities, Shanghai largest decline, down 7.91 percent. Guangdong, Tianjin, Shandong, Zhejiang, Jiangsu is China's five major exporting provinces, total exports reached 5.385 billion yuan, accounting for above-scale enterprises of all exports of 78.21 percent, of which exports grew 65.91% in Hebei Province, the growth rate among the provinces first bit, Guangdong, Jiangsu, Beijing, Hubei, Shanghai, Tianjin and other provincial scale enterprises export more than last year fell somewhat, the biggest drop in Tianjin, up 18.76 percent.
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Encyclopedia
yueqi Musical Instruments musical instruments Human expression through music, share thoughts and feelings tool. Instrument is one of the earliest human civilizations have wealth. With the progress of human civilization, musical instruments, increasing attention and continue to develop. The earliest Stone Age musical instrument ever found, has been the history of thousands of years. From the primitive tribes of the world today, the highly developed nation to the country, has its own musical instruments. Since ancient times, musical instruments in each country, spread among peoples, on the development of music played a great role in promoting. According to statistics, the world's ancient and modern instruments up to more than 40,000; Europe and the recent version of the musical instruments dictionary entries received reached about 10,000 kinds; instrument name (some of the same name) recorded in ancient China more than a thousand species. Throughout history, music and other musical instruments not only for the literary field, but also widely used in many occasions, social life and labor. Studies have shown that beautiful music by playing instruments produced for human intellectual development and physical and mental health were significantly benefit. Musical instruments in the course of history of development, has been a valuable human civilization wealth. The scope or range of musical boundaries, both Chinese and foreign, so far no clear division of uniform standards. From the social point of view different occupations, dividing the range of the instrument is often different. Music scholars generally believe that: In addition to the human voice sound appliances outside for music are musical: The musical circles is not limited to the above definition, almost all non-art appliances are sounding instrument as the object of the study. Clear demarcation vocal apparatus are the following categories: ① various Sounder for non-artistic fields, such as production and labor, war Xian, chime alarm, communications, messaging, monks chanting, praying for rain, rituals, animal hunting, weddings and ceremonies, travel signal, driving practice magic, etc. used to attract traders sounder. Music professional dictionaries and monographs in which only a small number of commonly used storage sounder music: modern musical professional dictionaries and monographs almost Yigai admission. ② direct use of labor and life of certain equipment purported musical instruments, such as the anvil, sawing, bow, shield, spear, pestle, pottery, bowls, cups, plates and so on. Music will be one of only a handful of professional dictionaries as a musical instrument, and often dubbed "music" word in front of the name, called Le anvil, bows, music pestle, etc.; instruments almost Yigai received specialized dictionaries column. ③ certain sounds of nature and social life simulator, mostly designed to simulate some kind of sound production, such as birds whistle and various analog chickens, ducks, cattle, sheep and travel whistle sounds whistle, skid bell, the sound of hoof shell, Roar, a dog barks, a whip ringers, thunder machine, etc., collectively referred to as the effect of speaker. In addition, sometimes the direct use of certain equipment for music or motion picture dubbing sound effects, such as laundry washboard, iron chains, typewriters, as well as genuine real guns and so on. Jazz drummer sometimes used kitchen pots, pots, cups, plates for the rich rhythm playing. These instruments are not listed, but I saw on account of some musical examples. Division of various complex situations arise musical range, because many instruments originated or direct use some work and life of equipment. Such as Taiwan Province of China and Indonesia, Bali residents commonly Gaoshan meters pestle pounding dance hit section accompaniment; China Southwest and South Asia some ethnic bamboo pole with a common accompaniment to dance; many ancient tribes and some tribes in Africa and now India's Andaman Islands warrior with a shield for the dance hit Festival. These attributes have dual or multiple devices, whether known musical instruments, like between the two can be. Usually vocal apparatus used for stage performances and other musical forms considered, seems to be no dispute; while the vocal apparatus is used only for certain non-performing arts occasions also as musical instruments, seems questionable. For example China tour party with the ring bell doctor, using various kinds of hawkers sounder, children playing diabolo, ring gyroscope, windmills and kites on the snare, and the wind and tie in pigeons loud whistles, etc.; abroad If Eskimo shaman's tambourine with Indian religious use of drums and African instruments 达玛鲁 messenger drums, etc., have been designated as a modern European and American musical instruments scholar. Sounders in the world for the study of various musical instruments to learn musical instruments, including a broad range of musical instruments; while the instruments included in the scope of musicology, it is a narrow instrument. Musical instrument studies the origin, development, evolution, spread, derives its structure, properties, manufacturing processes and materials, and are widely involved in archeology, history, cultural anthropology, musicology, taxonomy, acoustics, mechanics (physics, solid fluid, structure), electronics, technology, materials science and other disciplines. Variety of musical instruments in the world, both ancient origins and historical background
Western Musical Instruments